高中英语牛津译林版Unit2Theenvironment 学业分层测评

学业分层测评(四)Welcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagepointsⅠ.单句语法填空1．Thebillthatthepoliticianputforwardisstillisexpectedtobepassedinthemeetingnextweek.2．Weplantosavemoremoneyforthenewhouse，sowehavetocutbackeverydayexpense.3．Thereisnoendtothedebateinsight，myparentsareatwarwitheachotheroverhowtoreduceourexpenseswhileimprovingourqualityoflife.4．Theoldestmaninmyvillagehasafirm(believe)inthevalueofcoldbaths.5．Thegrandfather，muchtothesurpriseofthedoctors，won'twanthisgranddaughter(operate)onthisweek.6．Sometimessheisjustunwilling(go)toworkbecauseofbadweather.7．Accordingtothissurvey，someTVprogrammesshouldtakeresponsibilityteenagers'negativebehavior.8．Youdon'thaveflooratthemeeting，becauseyouareonlyachild.9．Thetraveler(lay)hiscoatonastoneandlaydowntohavearest.10．Hehasno(responsible)fortheaccident.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Theydebatedaboutusforanhourontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan.2．Theyshouldtaketheirresponsibilityforthelostchild.3．Twoweekspassedandmypatiencewasrunningoutof.4．Thisroomistwiceaslargerasthatone.5．Quantitiesoffoodwasspreadoutonthetable.Ⅲ.阅读理解(2023·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievableaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint，thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates，makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller，aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.Sadly，theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing．Wherethebirdsweremostabundant，peoplebelievedtherewasanever­lastingsupplyandkilledthembythehuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain，waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed，thenthrewlargenetsoverthem，takinghundredsatabirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury，thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans'needforwood，whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth，wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirthegreatflocksweregone，nevertobeseenagain.In1897，thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons，butbythen，nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10lastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty，Ohio，inatime，afewbirdssurvivedunderhumanlastofthem，knownaffectionatelyasMartha，diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1，1914.1．Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies，passengerpigeons．A．werethebiggestbirdintheworldB．livedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaC．didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD．werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS2．Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons'．A．escape B．liberationC．ruin D．evolution3．Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A．Toseekpleasure.B．Tosaveotherbirds.C．Tomakemoney.D．Toprotectcrops.4．WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?A．Itwasignoredbythepublic.B．Itwasdeclaredtoolate.C．Itwasunfair.D．Itwasstrict.Ⅳ.完形填空Theimageswereshocking:AllisonSamowitzandhertwinsister，Jillianwerewatchingthe2023BPoilspill(溢出)onTVwiththeir1sinking.“Weliveright2thebeach，andweheardmanystoriesofhowseabirdsandseacreatures3becauseofseapollutionandhowthespill4theocean'secosystem，”saysAllison.“Itwasjustdevastating(毁灭性)，andwewere5itwouldhappenhere.”The6townsalongtheGulfofMexicodidn'tfeelthatfarawayfromtheirlittleGoldenBeachdecidedtodoThesistersstudiedthe8habitsoftheirfriendsandneighbors.“We'rea(n)9townof260homes，andwefoundoutonly20percentofthem10！”Allisonsays.Movedtoact，theyfirstorganizedatownfairwithdemonstrationsabouthow11peoplecouldmakelastingchangestothe12localcompaniestojointhemandthefair13acrowdofabout200thesceneweretrucksandbooths(货摊)wherevolunteersandcompanyworkersaccepted14electronicequipment，eyeglasses，clothesandbooks—allforrecycling.Thegirlsareplanninganother15thisyear.“It'saneducationcampaign，”saysAllison.“Peopledon'tknow，buttherearesomanysimplethingstheycandoeverydaythatcan16thenature.”Allisonnowreportsontheenvironmentforherschool'stelevisiongirlsdevotetheirspare17tovariousrecyclingprojectsaroundthetown，suchasgivingoldtoystochildren'scharitiesandcollecting18clothesforthepeopleinneed.Andshouldanyonethinkthatthey'reawfullysingle­minded，theyare19．Thesistershavemany20otherinterests:ballet，volleyball，singinganddeep­seadivingwiththeirdad.“They'rebasicallyoptimistic，”saidtheirdad. B．shipsC．habits D．hearts2． B．onC．above D．with3． B．diedC．appeared D．survived4． B．maintainedC．controlled D．affected5． B．sorryC．afraid D．certain6． B．industrialC．official D．coastal7． B．anythingC．nothing D．everything8． B．contributionC．pronunciation D．nutrition9． B．ancientC．large D．small10． B．fishedC．worked D．waited11． B．normalC．ordinary D．cautious12． B．remindedC．warned D．persuaded13． B．informedC．attracted D．moved14． B．repairedC．polluted D．broken15． B．concertC．competition D．fair16． B．benefitC．ruin D．endanger17． B．partC．money D．effort18． B．fashionableC．worn D．expensive19． B．rightC．silly D．friendly20． B．strangeC．popular D．healthy【导学号：75790033】

【详解答案】Ⅰ.beoperatedgoⅡ.→with→responsibilities3.去掉of→large→wereⅢ.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了美国的旅鸽。旅鸽曾成群地出现在美国的大部分地区，有记录显示，在十九世纪和二十世纪初，旅鸽成群飞翔，能够让天空变暗几个小时。不幸的是，人们大量地捕猎旅鸽来牟取商业利益，这也成了旅鸽毁灭的主要原因。1．D细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.可知，这些旅鸽如此多，以至于天空变暗了几个小时，据此可以得知，18、19世纪的时候旅鸽的数目很多。故选D。2．C词义猜测题。根据文章第三段后半部分提到的commercialhunters的捕捉方法和第四段旅鸽数目的下降可知，旅鸽受到了很大的伤害，因此该词的意思为“毁灭”。3．C推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.可推知，人们杀害旅鸽是为了得到钱(tomakemoney)。4．B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句后半部分butbythen，nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years可知，立法时旅鸽的数目已经很少了，与B项“宣布得太迟”相吻合。Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文讲述