高中英语外研版Module4LanguagesoftheWorld 学业分层测评8

学业分层测评（八）Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thechartshowsanup________(趋势)ofmeatprices.2．Theparents________(记录)everystepoftheirchild'sdevelopment.3．SofarInternethasbecomethemainchannelthroughwhichthecomputer________(病毒)spread.4．Sometimesan________(附件)withanicenameinyourmailcanbeverydangerous.5．Ifyourcomputershowssuchinformation,itwarnsyouthatyouare________(感染)．6．Theyoungteacherinfectedthewholeclasswithher________(热情)．7．Patiencecombinedwith________(勤奋)isnecessarytosuccess.8．Soonhewas________(淹没，消失)upinthenoisycrowd.9．Hehasfinishedthereadingofthebook,buthehasnot________(消化)it.10．Englandis________(接壤)onthenorthbyScotland.【答案】8．swallowedⅡ.阅读理解(2023·山东省烟台一中段考)Talkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairyrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofunderstandthem,scientistssay,wejusthavetolearntheirareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.“Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms(有机体)．Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteria,withotherplantsandwithdothischemically，”saidCahill,anEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanada.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemical“language”.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshown,forexample,thatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriatehaveanability,forexample,tosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectSchultz,aprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit'sbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.“Theirlanguageisachemicallanguage,anditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheair,whichareeasilytobechanged,andmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwith,”Schultzexplained.“Allplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,”Schultzrecalled.“Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,eventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.”Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheend,plants'abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds－andourabilitytounderstandthem－couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicals,cutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普文。主要讲述了植物的特殊语言及其功能以及这种特殊语言对农业生产可能产生的指导意义。1.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan__________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB．hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC．useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD．respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段可知，植物可以通过化学反应来与所有有机体沟通交流。因此答案为A。【答案】A2.Whenbeingeatenbyapest,theplantwill__________.A．walkawayfromtroubleB．changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC．releaseachemicalvaporto“ask”otherplantsforhelpD．giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectstoattackthepest【解析】事实细节题。由第三段“whenaplantsensesthatit'sbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvapor”及倒数第二段“Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.”一句可知，当植物被昆虫吞食的时候，植物会释放出一种化学蒸汽来吸引有益的昆虫袭击害虫。故选D。【答案】D3.Theunderlinedword“alerts”mostprobablymeans“______”．A．warns B．protectsC．threatens D．allows【解析】词义猜测题。根据前后文意可知，植物在遭受攻击时会释放一种化学物质，这种物质有两种功能：警示危险的存在和发出求助信息。由此可知答案为A。【答案】A4．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．CommunicationbetweenPlantsB．AChemical“Language”C．PlantsCanTalkD．HowPlantsProtectThemselves【解析】标题归纳题。短文讲述的主题是植物的特殊语言及功能。因此C项概括了文章主题同时又生动风趣，尤其是talk一词充满了拟人化的幽默感。故答案为C。【答案】CB【导学号：04940037】(2023·广东省五校协作体高三第一次联考)Ifyoutalkaboutadog'slife，gotoBeijingtoseethepampered(过分娇惯的)clipped，dressedup，washedand,it'stheownerswhogototheobedience(服从)school，andthesepeoplepayalmostathousandUSdollarsamonthtolearnhowtoproperlycarefortheirarehotinBeijing，asymbolofanewmiddle­classfamily.Dogsorpetscantaketheplaceofchildren,evenLu,23­year­olddogowner，certainlythinksherdogmakessomemoreloyal'sspending1,300yuan，that'salmost200USdollarsamonth，sendingherdogtothetrainingaboutit，almosthalfhermonthlysalaryasasecretary.Personally，ifIhaveadog，Iwanttogiveittheverybestofeverything.Otherwise，Iwouldn'thaveadog.Beforewegettoosentimental，though，otherdogsinChinahaveafarmoregrisly(可怕的)fate，manystilldestinedforthedinnertable,dogmeat,apopularappetitesarewasoncefortheeatingisnowforthealoneishometomorethanamillionspendanaverage25dollarsamonthonthearebigWeiwhorunsthisobedienceschoolontheoutskirtsofBeijingsaid，“Ithasbeenopenforalmostthreearemanynowweareopeninganotherbranch.”Astheirownersembraceeverythingwestern，sotooaretheWei'sspecializinginproducinganewbreedofbilingual，dogsunderstandChineseandnowEnglish.“I'mgoingtodoatestnowtoseeiftheyunderstandbothEnglishandChineseeffectively，iftheirChineseisbetterthanmyEnglish,andiftheirEnglishisbetterthanmyChinese.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在北京人们对宠物尤其是狗的喜爱。5．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknow________inBeijing.A．dogsaretiredofthehotdaysB．whypeoplespendsomuchbuyingadogC．dogsareveryexpensiveD．manynewmiddle­classfamiliesraisedogs【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“DogsarehotinBeijing，asymbolofanewmiddle­classfamily”可知，许多新的中产阶级家庭养狗，即D项正确。【答案】D6．Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthat________.A．theauthoralsolovesdogsB．dogscantaketheplaceofchildren，evenhusbandsorwivesC．nodogs，nolifeD．peoplewillliveahappylifewithadog【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ifIhaveadog，Iwanttogiveittheverybestofeverything”可推知，作者也喜欢狗，即A项正确。【答案】A7．WhatcanweknowaboutNingWeifromthepassage?A．HeisanEnglishteacherinanobedienceschool.B．Heisabusinessmanwhorunsanobedienceschool.C．Heisadog­keeperwhoislearninghowtoproperlycareforhisdog.D．Heisaresearcherwhoiscrazyforthebilingualpuppies.【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“DogsarebigWeiwhorunsthisobedienceschoolontheoutskirtsofBeijing”可知，他是一位商人并经营一所宠物服从训练学校，即B项正确。【答案】B8．Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat________.A．therearemanydifferentkindsofdogsfromallovertheworldinBeijingB．manyBeijingerslovedogsbetterthantheirownsonsordaughters，eventheirhusbandsorwivesC．teachingpeoplehowtotreatdogsishotbusinessinBeijingnowD．somuchmoneyhasbeenspentontreatingdogs【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Dogsarebigbusiness”“Ithasbeen...openinganotherbranch”可推知，教人们如何善待狗在北京是很热门的生意，即C项正确。【答案】CⅢ.语法填空(2023·山东寿光一中高二4月月考)Iamajuniorinhighisaladyatmyschooljobistohandoutcallslips(借书单)andpreventstudentsfromleavingcampustodayIhadneverseenherotherdaymyfriendsandIwereeatinginthecafeteriaandIsawher(walk)shecame(close)tousIcouldseethatshewaspulledoutatissueandquicklywipedherthoughttomyselfthatthisladyissounder­appreciated(未被赏识的)andneedsrecognizingforallherhardI(write)anotetellingherthatthestudentsappreciatedeverythingshedidandcontributiontoourschoolmadeadifferenceinallofoursignedit“somethankfulstudents”andslippeditintoIrealizedIdidn'tevenknowheraskedallofmyprofessorsbutnooneknewhernameIfinallywenttoasktheladyatstudentservicesa