【高三英语试题】2021年北京市东城区高三年级一模英语试题(附解析)

北京市东城区20202021学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AbeenanjobtostayduringEight-year-oldRobyrunsthroughtheofthehillycityofMedellinseveraladaywithainhistakingpackagedfoodstoofthemini-market.“Hehelpsustomaintainsocialdistancing,saidRoby’owner,SherryBotero.“Andpeople

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3tohimbyatipforoffood.Robywasn’talwaysstar.Hewasacceptedintothefamilyafterrepeatedrequestsbysontoa

4byBoteroMsBoteroquickly6withtheAndwhensheamini-marketfourhetotoRobycan’tread.heremembersofwhohavepreviouslyrewardedwithtreats.Andhaslearnedtogotheirhousesonhis“Henamesoffiveorsixofourcustomers,MsBotero“SoIsendthegoodswithareceiptintheand8meatransfer转账；转移.”Robymightnotknowthathe’sbecomeanhelphisand10hisdailypay.

9worker.Butheto高三英语

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1.A.B.chain

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D.receiptsD.impressD.D.第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5，共15分）阅读下列短文根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Aarethemostinteresting11(sight)intheForcenturies,(show)interestinstudyingthem.In1682,EdmundHalley,annoticedbrightHalleypredictedthatthisbrightcometreturnin17581759was13hefirstthecomet.Thecometreallyreturnedontimeanditwasnamed“Halley’somet”inhonorofEdmundHalley.BEmmaonwayhomewhenascream.Lookingshesawboyonthesidewalkgasping(

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海姆利克急救法)atSheactedSoon,theboyupapieceofbeganagain.He(save)intime.CInJapan,bonsaimeanstrayplantItinteresting18ofarttheplantinggrowingoftreesandBonsaiin2,00019(spread)Japanabout700Somethatonlysmallplantsusedinnottrue.Nearlyanytypeofplantbeused,asit20orasmallcutting.高三英语

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第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AofourthegenerationofinventorsandtheGroup(SMG)haslaunchedanexcitingnew—TotalOverthelastwehavebeendevelopingTotalwithaimofexperiencecanhaveactonpeople’sattitudestowards(science,engineeringmaths),wellashavingaonself-reflection,rathertorecallfactsconcepts.Totaladigitalstorytellingwhichyoungtotheyusedayrelatecanhelpthemdevelopconfidenceinsciencethinking.Theinvitestheplayertosolveapowerintheirhometown.gameplayersincontrol,allowingtheirchoicesdecisionstothemthroughthetheplayernavigatesdarkenedstreetsoftown,equippedonlywithtorch,theywillcuriosity,skillscreativeproblemsolving,theywilldiscovernewwhathaveblackout(

停电；断电).Butwitheverytheirtorchtheplayermustsolvebeforebatteryout.Theplayer’schoicesandactionsthroughoutgamewillthemcreativityorcommunicationAttheend,skillsthehasusedwillrevealedalongwiththeirscienceshowinghowcouldputskillsintoactioninrealworld.Totalat8-15year-olds—aninteens’scienceResearchthatasteensthebetweenprimarysecondary,movefromaninterestinasinfluenceshaveapullintheirTotalaonlinegameplayableonsmartphone,tabletanddesktop.Playnowat.uk21.aimstoplayersrecallscientificconceptsB.betterC.improveD.developskills高三英语

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22.’sthekeytoinTotalJudgement.Teamwork.C.D.Gaming23.Whatofpassage?TopromoteanewB.TintroducetheSMG’smission.C.ToexplaintheofanonlineD.ToimportanceofSTEM.BNickTorrance,ajuniorinsuffersfrommusculardystrophy(

肌肉萎缩症,inawheelchair.preventshimfromaccomplishingmanytasks,suchascarryingbooksputtingawayinSofellowassignedhelpAmySmith,theschool’soccupationaltherapist(

治疗师

),thatdosomethinglikeopeninglockerownwouldbeAmyinitiallythoughtwouldbetobuyadevicetohelp.onlineupnothingmeetneeds—neededaorsomeotherphysicalgsherdisabledstudentcouldn’tdo.AfteroutsidesearchformethodcameuplookedtheitselfforAmyturnedtotheschool’sroboticsinstructor.Theinstructor,inturn,thattwoofhismostcapablestudentstakeonproject:MicahTheyfirstplaceinnationalcompetition,theyachoicetothedoorwithaMicahwastednotimedowntoworkandforaneachday,built,andrebuiltofdevicetheylandedtheperfectyearlater.Likeinanydevicedevelopment,ittookalotoftrialerrorforMicahWyatttomakethatwouldworkfortheirtargetaudience.Fortheyinitiallybuiltaopeningbutton,butNick’tstrongenoughtopushit,sotheyreplaceditsensor.Now,betweenNickhiselectrictolockerhisoversensoronthearmofwheelchair.Asecondslater,lockerwavetheNickcanitwith—itbesmallithimaof高三英语

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24.AmySmithadevice?Toincreaseherstudent’sconfidence.B.TocooperationC.Toroboticsinvention.D.Totreata25.WithinNick______.moveeasilyB.puthisawayC.D.openandclosehislocker26.AccordingtowhichwordsdescribeMicahWyatt?passionate.B.C.Sensitiveandinsightful.D.Humbleandwarmhearted.CVaccines(苗)soonmaketheirfirstfilmexpertMariaCroyle,researchershavedevelopedathinthatforlongperiodswithoutrefrigeration.Thismeansthecarefullysmallbottlesnowusedtoshipvaccinespotentiallybereplacedlightweightfilmsthatcaninanstoredonashelf.Croyle’slaboratorybegandevelopingthetechnologyin2007.Inspiredbyr’sabilitytopreserveDNAofinsects,theresearchersouttocreatetheirownversionofthesubstancebymixing“alotofsugarandlittlebitofsalt,muchlikehardcandy,”Croyleexplains.Thevaccinefilmisbymouthforwhodislikeneedles.Thefilmistailoredsuitspecificprovideprotectivecoating.“We’velearnedovertimethatthekeytoreallystabilizingfilmtohaveitintermixedallthecomponents,”Croyleaddingthattheprocessquickandaffordable,standardequipment.“Wereallywantedcomeupwiththatdevelopingcountries.”Immunization(免疫

)heavilykeeping

-8)astheytransported,overthousandsofkilometerstocanbeandcostly,transportcancausethetoineffective.thisnewcanstoreliveforseveralatInapaperinSciencethescientistsshowthelivevirusesinvaccinewerepreservedinthefilmafter36Theyalsofindthatafluvaccinesuspendedintheirfilmfavourablywithtraditionalflushot(

流感预防针.“Thestudydemonstratesearlyproofofconceptanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,”saysLisaRohan,pharmacologist,whowasinvolvedinthethatvaccinewouldneedacustom配)forofdevelopment.高三英语

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Findingpartnerstomass-produceforclinicaltrialsistheresearchers’mostproblem,Theyarealsoexploringtokeeptheirstableto

℃.Sizeamajor—aletter-sizedsheetofthefilmcan500)ofvaccine,about1⁄900theweightoftheamounttraditionalBymakingittoshipvaccinesefficiently,Croylesays,thetechnologycouldvastlyratesworldparticularlyinmiddle-low-countries.27.Whatcanweaboutfilm?containsanimal’sDNA.C.Itcomesindifferent

B.ItwillreplaceD.Ithold28.Accordingto3,welearnaboutthefilmkeyC.possibleadvantages

B.developmentD.requirements29.ThementionsLisaRohanswordsto______.personalizingB.theispromisingC.theiswidelyD.thefunctionsaplatform30.Whatwillbenexturgenttask’steam?Advertisingthefilmworldwide.C.Reducingshippingcost.

B.Improvingthefilm’scapacity.D.DAlbertEinstein’s1915masterpiece“TheFoundationoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativityisthefirstandstillthebestintroductiontothesubject,andIrecommenditassuchtostudents.Butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournaltoday.Whynot?Afterall,itwouldpasswithtestsAndwhilebeliefthatpapertoitsfirstreaders,inmanypapersintheoreticalphysicsaremuchmoreAsthephysicistRichardFeynmanwrote,“Thereatimwhenthenewspaperssaidthatonly12understoodtheoryofrelativity.Idobelievetheremighthavebeenatimemandid,theonlyon,beforehewrotepaper.Butafterthealotunderstoodtheoryofrelativityinsomewayorother,certainlymorethan12.”高三英语

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No,ItstartswithaphilosophicalofspacethenwithanofknownThosesections,whichwouldbeconsidereduphalftheWorse,therearezerocitationsofpreviousscientists’work,norarethereanygraphics.ThosemakenotevengetpastthefirstAofhaspartsofthescientificRequestsforresearchtimeatmajorobservatoriesornationallaboratoriesrigidlyAndanythinginvolvingworkwithsubjects,inspace,involvespilesofpaperwork.WeseeitalsointheRegeneronTalentNobelPrizeofhighIntheearlydecadesofitswinningprojectsthesortclevernaive,mightoftalentedbeginnersworkingonworkcomingoutof实)atnorm.ThesearenaturaloftheexplosivegrowthofStandardizationandsystemmakeiteasiertomanagerapidofapplicationsandpeople.Butareseriousdownsides.Alotofunproductiveeffortintojumpingoutsidersentrybarriersturn.

繁文缛节

),Ofcourse,Einsteinwouldhistomeetingmodernpublishinghisresults.Itsscientificcorewouldn’thavechanged,butthepapermightnotbethetasteto31.AccordingtoRichardFeynman,Einstein’s1915paper______.wasaclassicintheoreticalphysicsB.turnedbecomprehensibleC.D.attractedfew3Whatdoestheunderlined“extraneous”inParagraphmean?Unrealistic.B.Irrelevant.C.D.Imprecise.33.Accordingtoauthor,isaffectedasscienceoffindings.B.Theprincipleofresearch.C.TheselectionofyoungD.of34.WhichwouldtitleforB.Willsciencebeprofessionalized?C.getpublishedD.willsciencemake高三英语

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第二节（共5题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。ReversalchangeyourperspectivesolveyourproblemIt’softendefinitionofaproblemthatlimitsinCreativesolutions35Thereversaltechniqueistechniquethatisbasedonthattoyouneedtheofthewordsindefinition.Howyouchangetheorderofthewordsdoesn’tmattermuch,aslongthewords36Yourchallenge“Howdowemakesurethatfewerpeopletakecarstotheirwork?”.Swappingthekeywords,youcouldrephrasethischallenge“Howdowemakesurethatfewercarstakepeopletotheirwork?Incase,firstwillyouthinkalternativemeansofliketrainsthesecondstatementwillprobablyyouofsolutionslike—carsforpeople.everyproblemisforSometimesusingyoutofirstrephrasethequestionaltogether.Forthequestionmightwesellmorewashingmachines?isnoteasilyreversed—thereisnokeywordtoswapwith“washingmachines”.Yet,whenyourephrasequestion“Howmightwesellwashingmachinestoparents?youcaneasilychangeitto“Howmightwesellmoreyoungparentstowashingmachines?38Youcouldinterpretthislastsentenceas“thewashingmachinepaysyoungparentstotryitout”.youcouldstartpotentialhowmuchtheywillsaveeachwhenchooseefficientwashingmachine.examplesomewillveryflexiblewayof39thetinyamountoftimeitwill“costyoutoareversal,youverytopotentially,secondislogical.B.ithelpstoaddonemorekeywordtosentence.C.RephrasingyourchallengetoD.Agreatwaytothisis“reversing”yourproblemstatement.E.youareresponsibletrafficjaminyouritischallenge,butitmightjuststimulatecreativeG.Noteveryonewillbeablefromunreasonabletoauseful高三英语

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第三部分：书面表达（共两节，分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；1、2题各2，3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Foryears,Booth’smothermadelengthyairingofItgotsothatJaneitruiningqualitytheirtimeshefinallyuphelpedhowoftensheItturnedthat’sinterventiononlymotheritalsohelpedtheirYoumaynotbedirecttoaregetcomplainertobeeffective,ithelpstocorrectaboutcomplaininginfirstplace.Infact,evenkindest,peopleAndcomplainingdoesn’talwayshaveaSometimes,complainingcananunfavorableintoadesirableitcanfosternewrelationshipswithpeoplewedon’tknowwell.Thestartwhenbecomesthedefault

默认模式

“Whenwehaveaneedtobeheard,werepeatourselves,”saysDianKillian,alifecoach,“thesatisfactionforfrequentcomplainerscomesfromtheyarewithanysuggestiontoaddressthethat—resolutionttheir.”howdoyouquietaforthesakehis?plainerswillswitchgearsifyouinintereststhem.Summarizethecomplaint.Ifyourcomplainerhemaystopifyoudemonstratethatyou’relistening.Challengethetoact.Whenconstantcomplainertellsyoulatestproblem,asknicelywhathe’sdonetoimproveit.Whenhavedo,tellthatmustcutshort—especiallyif’ssomeonewhocomplainedyoumanytimesbefore.Whensomeonestressesyououtwithlotsofnegativity,it’simportanttotalktheproblem.Otherwise,ifbottlerepeatedorstartQuietingacomplainercanbothof40.WhatBoothdostopcomplaining?41.Accordingto2,aretheabout42.whichpartinthefollowingunderlineitand●Comp