2021届山东省百校大联考新高考原创预测试卷(五)英语

2021届山东省百校大联考新高考原创预测试卷（五）英语★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1、考试范围：高考范围。2、答题前，请先将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和答题卡上的相应位置，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。3、选择题的作答：每个小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。4、主观题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。5、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律无效。6、保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。7、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whichpartoftheplaydoesthemanlikemost?A.Theactor.B.Theending.C.Thestory.2.Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?A.Arestaurant.B.Abank.C.Ahotel.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheirfriendJane.B.Aweekendtrip.C.Aradioprogram.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.C.Goshopping.5.Whydidthewomanapologize?A.Shemadealatedelivery.B.Shewenttothewrongplace.C.Shecouldnttakethecakeback.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theairportisclosed.B.Theplanewilltakeofftonight.C.Thewomanhasmissedherflight.7.Whatdoesthewomanwant?A.Aroomwithbrightlight.BAroomforherselfalone.C.Ahotelclosetotheairport.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shedoesn’tlikeMQ205.B.Shecan‘taffordacamera.C.Sheisn‘tfamiliarwiththeInternet.9.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Orderacamera.B.Changethemodel.C.Reducethebudget.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.HowlongwillthemanprobablystayinNewZealand?A.Oneweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Threeweeks.11.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.TogotoNewZealandafterChristmas.B.Tobookhisflightassoonaspossible.C.Tosavemoremoneyforhistrip.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutflightstoNewZealandatChristmastime?A.Theyareonspecialoffer.B.Theyrequireearlybooking.C.Theycanbetwicemoreexpensivethanusual.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.HowdoesthewomanthinkMarkfeels?A.Frightened.B.Unhappy.C.Anxious.14.WhatwasCatherinedoingwhenthespeakersgothome?A.Readingherbooks.B.Playingwithherfriends.C.Chattingwiththeoperator.15.What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Colleagues.16.WhatwillthespeakersdoforMark?A.Writedowntheirownexperiences.B.Createanemergencysituation.C.Keeparecordofhisreactions.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatpercentageoftheworld‘steaexportgotoBritain?A.Almost15%.B.About30%.C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.Teawithmilkishealthy.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teacompanies.B.Teatasters.C.Teaexporters.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFirstAidLevel1ThecourseissuitableforanyonewhowantstolearnCPR,shortforcardiopulmonaryresuscitation(心肺复苏法).Italsocoversmanagementofbleedingandshock.ThiscourseincludesassessmentandleadstoaNewZealandQualificationsAuthority(NZQA)unitstandard.Themostattractivepointisthatawell-knowndoctorwillteachthiscourse.Price:$100Duration:1dayFirstAidLevel2ItincludesallofthecoursecontentfromFirstAidLevel1,plusanadditionalhalfday.Suitableforfirstaiders,healthandsafetystaffandanyonewhoneedsfirst-aidknowledgefortheirprofessionalqualification.Averyexperienceddoctorwillteachthiscourse.Price:$150Duration:1.5daysResuscitationLevel3ThistrainingcourseisforthosewhorequireLevel3resuscitationskills,especiallypeoplewhohaveadutytorespondandareprobablyconcernedwiththestartofresusciation.Price:$160Duration:4hoursResuscitationLevel4Thisisanimportanthealthprofessionalresuscitationtrainingcourse.ItcanbeusedasaLevel4refreshercourse.Thiscourseisthemostsuitablefornurses,nursemanagers,DistrictHealthBoard(DHB)resuscitationofficers.Price:$200Duration:4hoursTakealookattheseriesoffirstaidcourses,sothatyoucanchoosethemedicallearningexperiencethatbestmatchesyourneeds.1.HowisFirstAidLevel1differentfromtheothercourses?A.It’sthemostexpensive.B.It’lllastthelongesttime.C.It’llbetaughtbyafamousdoctor.D.It’smeantforhealthandsafetyofficers.2.HowmuchshouldanapplicantpayperhourforResuscitationLevel3?A.$40.

B.$50.C.$100.

D.$160.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toshowdoctors’responsibilities.B.Toadvertisethefirstaidcourses.C.Toadvisemedicalprofessionalstoassesstheirlivingstandards.D.Toinformmedicalstaffofthemedicallevelsofthefourhospitals.【答案】1.C

2.A

3.B【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几门急救的相关课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据FirstAidlevel1介绍中的最后一句Themostattractivepointisthatawell-knowndoctorwillteachthiscourse.“最吸引人的是这门课将由一位著名的医生来教授。”可知，此课程的特殊之处在于它将由一位著名的医生执教。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ResuscitationLevel3中的介绍可知，此课程价格是160美元，持续时间是4小时，故每小题需支付40美元。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Takealookattheseriesoffirstaidcourses,sothatyoucanchoosethemedicallearningexperiencethatbestmatchesyourneeds.“看看这一系列的急救课程，这样你就可以选择最符合你需要的医学学习经验。”可知，本文主要号召人们报名参加这些急救课程。故选B。【点睛】细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because,since,as等；表转折关系的but,however,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等等。本题第1小题，根据FirstAidlevel1介绍中的最后一句Themostattractivepointisthatawell-knowndoctorwillteachthiscourse.“最吸引人的是这门课将由一位著名的医生来教授。”可知，此课程的特殊之处在于它将由一位著名的医生执教。故选C。BRememberVitainwater’s“freeofrollingscreenforayear”challengethatdaredpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100,000?Well,ElanaMugdan,aNewYorkwoman,hasbeenintoitforeightmonths,andjustfourmonthsawayfromclaiminggrandprize.VitaminwatermadenewsheadlineslastDecemberwhenitannounceditsuniquechallenge.Thousandsofpeopleappliedtobechosenastheperfectcandidatetospendayearwithouttouchingtheirsmartphones,butintheend,theonlypersonwhogottotryandsurviveforanentireyearwithoutahandheldsmartphonewasElanaMugdan,a29-year-oldfictionwriterfromQueens,NewYork.Eightmonthsintothechallenge,sheclaimsithasbeenafreeandeye-openingexperiencethatshowsherjusthowdependentshebecomesonhersmartphone.Eventhoughtherearetimeswhenshemissesherhandheldsmartphone,sheplanstogoonlivingwithoutitevenafterthechallengeends,becauseshereallydoesn’twanttogobacktodayswhensheabusedit,wastedtime,stayedupallhoursofthenightonit,andwasobsessedwithsocialmedia.Butnothavingaccesstohersmartphonereallymadecertainsituationsalotharderthanshecouldhaveimaginedthembefore.“Manypeopledidmeafavor.However,once,Ialmostgotstranded(滞留)intheSeaTacairportbecausethephonenumberI’dwrittendownwaswrong,andIhadnowayofreferringtotherightone,nowayofcallingacab,andnooneinthestatewhocouldhelpme,”theyoungwritersaid.Anothertime,hercar’s“checkengine”lightturnedonwhileshewasdrivinginanunfamiliarareaatnight.Shecouldn’tuseherphone’sGPSlocationfeature,revencheckwhatthelightmeantonGoogleorfindanearbycarrepairshop.Still,shelearnedtoovercomethesesituations.Andnowsheclaimsthelasteightmonthsofphone-freelifehavebeenoneofthebestadventuresofherlifeandthatshe’llkeepitforanotherfourmonths.4.What’sthechallenge“freeofrollingscreenforayear”?A.Peoplefreefromsmartphonescanlivearicherlife.B.Peoplelivingatelephone-freelifecanbeawardedeveryyear.C.Peoplelivingwithoutcomputersforayearwillwingrandprize.D.Peoplespendingayearfreefromsmartphoneswillgetareward.5.Whichphrasecanreplacetheunderlinedpart“obsessedwith”inparagraph2?A.satisfiedwith

B.accustomedtoC.addictedto

D.popularwith6.WhatdoesElanaMugdanmainlywanttoexpressinparagraph3?A.It’sfantastictohavesomeonetohelpheralltheway.B.It’sunimaginabletoloseherphonenumberontheway.C.It’sunnecessarytorefertoinformationwithasmartphone.D.It’sdifficulttogetoutofthetroublewithoutasmartphone.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutElanaMudgan?A.Shecouldn’tlivewithoutasmartphone.B.Shefindsnoonecanhelpherintheadventure.C.Shehasnotwonthegrand$100,000prizeyet.D.Sheusedtousehersmartphonetowritefiction.【答案】4.D

5.C

6.D

7.C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫ElanaMugdan的纽约人参加特殊挑战的故事。她如果在一年之内不用智能手机就可以获得10万美元的大奖。她现在已经挺过了八个月，再坚持四个月就可以把大奖收入囊中。4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句RememberVitainwater’s“freeofrollingscreenforayear”challengethatdaredpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100,000?“还记得Vitainwater的“一年不滚动屏幕”挑战吗?这个挑战挑战的是那些一整年不用智能手机的人。”可知，这个挑战是指人们如果在一年之内不用智能手机就可以获得10万美元的大奖。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。上文提到ElanaMugdan在参加比赛之前常常滥用手机，浪费时间，整夜不睡，故推知ElanaMugdan曾对社会媒体着迷。obsessedwith意为“沉迷于”。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。在第三段中，ElanaMugdan因为写错了电话号码，又没有智能手机跟外界取得联系，所以滞留在SeaTac机场。由此可知，她主要是想表达没有手机让她很难摆脱困难。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Well,ElanaMugdan,aNewYorkwoman,hasbeenintoitforeightmonths,andjustfourmonthsawayfromclaiminggrandprize.“嗯,一个纽约女人,ElanaMugdan已经进入了8个月,只有四个月的时间来获得大奖。”和最后一段最后一句Andnowsheclaimsthelasteightmonthsofphone-freelifehavebeenoneofthebestadventuresofherlifeandthatshe’llkeepitforanotherfourmonths.“现在她声称,过去8个月的无手机生活一直是她一生中最具活力的冒险之一,她将继续维持4个月。”可知，ElanaMugdan已经坚持了八个月不用手机，再坚持四个月就可以把大奖收入囊中，所以到目前为止她还没得到这个大奖。故选C。【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义，尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后含义。本题第2小题，上文提到ElanaMugdan在参加比赛之前常常滥用手机，浪费时间，整夜不睡，故推知ElanaMugdan曾对社会媒体着迷。obsessedwith意为“沉迷于”。故选C。CPycnandraacuminate(喜树)isararetreenativetoNewCaledoniathathastherareabilitytocollectheavymetalslikenickel(镍)fromtheground.Theliquidcirculatedinitsbodyisblue-greenandreportedlycontainsupto25%nickel.Ingeneral,treesandheavymetalslikenickeldon’treallygowelltogether.ButPycnandraacuminatamakethemlivetogether.Andthat’swhatmakesPycnandraacuminatasospecial.Itsucksoutnormallypoisonouslevelsofheavymetalsfromthesoilandstoretheminitstrunk,leavesandseeds.TheevolutionofPycnandraacuminateisbelievedtohaveoccurredovermillionsofyears,butscientistshaveyettoidentifyauniversalprincipleofnickelintakeandstorage.Thereasonwhysuchtreeshaveformedthewayofabsorbingmetalsisalsoupfordebate.Themostpopulartheorystatesthattheconcentrationofnickelprotectssuchtreesfromleaf-chewinginsects.Andstudieshaveshownthatnickelaccumulatedbythesetreesindeedharmsmanyinsectsthoughsomehavedevelopedahightolerancetoit.Anothertheorysaysnickelhaseffectsofresistingbacteria,whichprotectsthetreesfromvariousdiseases.However,thesetheoriesarealljusttheories.OnethingthathasbeenprovenistheabilityofPycnandraacurninatatocleanthesoilwithpoisonousmaterialscausedbyhumanactivity.There’salsoclearpotentialforcollectingheavymaterialslikenickelinthesekindsofsoilsthatwillbringafewprofitsbyconventionalwaysofmining.Peoplecancollectmineralscontainedinsuchsoilsfromtheblue-greentrees。Unfortunately,Pycnandraacuminataisisrecentlyinabadsituation.HumanactivityinforestsofNewCaledoniahasmadePycnandraacuminataindanger.Consequently,probablyfewerthanseveralhundredtreesofthiskindhaveremainedasaresultofthereductionofourforests.8.WhatdoweknowaboutPycnandraacuminata?A.Ithasablue-greencolorduetometalscollected.B.Itisabletocollectsomeheavymetalsfromtheground.C.Itsucksoutagreatdealofpoisonousundergroundwater.D.Ittendstogrowinthesoilwithplentyofpoisonousliquid.9.Whatdothetheoriesinparagraph4sayaboutPycnandraacuminata?A.Itindeedprotectsmanyinsects.B.Itstoresmostnickelinitsroots.C.Itprotectsitselfthroughtheconcentrationofnickel.D.Itmakesitssurroundingplantssufferfromdiseases.10.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Pycnandraacuminataisindanger.B.Forestsaretoblameforthereductionoftrees.C.Forestsaredecreasingasaresultofhumanactivity.D.Pycnandraacuminataisundertheprotectionofpeople.11.Inwhichsectionofamagazineisthisnextmostlikelytoappear?A.Bacteriaanddisease.

B.Healthandlife.C.Fashionandentertainment.

D.Manandnature.【答案】8.B

9.C

10.A

11.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了可以从土壤中吸收重金属的树木，中文名为“喜树”。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Pycnandraacuminate(喜树)isararetreenativetoNewCaledoniathathastherareabilitytocollectheavymetalslikenickel(镍)fromtheground.“尖刺五加是一种罕见的树木，原产于新喀里多尼亚，具有罕见的能力，从地面收集重金属，如镍。”和第二段Ingeneral,treesandheavymetalslikenickeldon’treallygowelltogether.ButPycnandraacuminatamakethemlivetogether.Andthat’swhatmakesPycnandraacuminatasospecial.Itsucksoutnormallypoisonouslevelsofheavymetalsfromthesoilandstoretheminitstrunk,leavesandseeds.“一般来说，树木和像镍这样的重金属不能很好地结合在一起。但是Pycnandraacata让它们住在一起。这就是Pycnandraacata如此特别的原因。它从土壤中吸收通常有毒的重金属，并将它们储存在树干、树叶和种子中。”可知，“喜树”能吸收土壤里的重金属，比如镍。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Themostpopulartheorystatesthattheconcentrationofnickelprotectssuchtreesfromleaf-chewinginsects.“最流行的理论认为，镍的浓度可以保护这些树不受啃叶昆虫的侵害。”和第三句Anothertheorysaysnickelhaseffectsofresistingbacteria,whichprotectsthetreesfromvariousdiseases.“另一种理论认为，镍具有抗菌作用，可以保护树木免受各种疾病的侵袭。”可知，从理论上来说，“喜树”通过收集来的镍杀死昆虫和细菌来保护自己。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句Unfortunately,Pycnandraacuminataisisrecentlyinabadsituation.HumanactivityinforestsofNewCaledoniahasmadePycnandraacuminataindanger.“不幸的是，最近Pycnandraacata的情况很糟糕。人类在新喀里多尼亚森林的活动已经使九喜树处于危险之中。”可知，不幸的是，最近“喜树”的生存情况很糟糕。人类在新喀里多尼亚森林的活动已经使“喜树”处于危险之中。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了可以从土壤中吸收重金属的“喜树”。这种树木因为受人类活动的影响处于濒危状态，故这篇文章最有可能出现在一本杂志的“人与自然”专栏。故选D。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude

indicate等标志性词语。本题第3小题，根据最后一段第一、二句Unfortunately,Pycnandraacuminataisisrecentlyinabadsituation.HumanactivityinforestsofNewCaledoniahasmadePycnandraacuminataindanger.“不幸的是，最近Pycnandraacata的情况很糟糕。人类在新喀里多尼亚森林的活动已经使九喜树处于危险之中。”可知，不幸的是，最近“喜树”的生存情况很糟糕。人类在新喀里多尼亚森林的活动已经使“喜树”处于危险之中。故选A。DFancyyourownsatellite?ArizonaStateUniversityisworkingtowardsmakingthisarealitywithitsSunCubeFemtoSatproject.SmallerthanastandardCubeSat,thelow-caststudent-designedspacecraftisaimedatprovidinggreateraccesstospaceforscientistsandhobbyistsalike.AssistantprofessorJekanThangaandateamofstudentshavebeendevelopingtheSunCubeFemtoSatforthepasttwoyears.Thesmall3×3×3cmcubeweighsinatjust35gandalonger(3×3×9cm,100g)modelhasalsobeendesigned,whichincludesstoragespace.EachSunCubeFemtoSathasitsowncommunication,datacollectionandpropulsion(推进)systemsandispoweredbysolarpanels.Itismadeofoff-the-shelfpartsthatareavailableinshops,andtheenergy-efficientsolarpanelsarecutfromscrap(碎片),whichmakesitsaveenergy,soldatadiscountbymanufacturers.“Withaspacecraftofthissize,anyuniversitycandoit,”saysThanga.“That’spartofourmajorgoal—spacediscoveryforeverybody.”TheteamsaysthatwhilelaunchingyourownsatellitewouldusuallycostbetweenUS$60,000-70,000perkilo,itwouldonlycost$1,000tosendaSunCubeFemtoSattotheInternationalSpaceStation,and$3,000tosenditintolowearthorbit.Leavingtheearth’sgravitywouldcostanestimated$27,000.TheFemtoSatwouldbepackedwitha“jackinthebox”stylesystemthatmatchesstandardCubeSatsizes(around10cubiccm),simplifyingtheprocessofgettingthetinysatelliteintoorbit.NASAhassent30CubeSatsintospaceoverthelastyears,withanother50awaitinglaunch.ThangaandhisstaffviewtheFemtoSatasastartingpointforscientistsandstudents,andevenhopethedevicecouldbeboughtonthewebsitelikeAmazononeday.Thangaimaginesdevelopingfourmainapplicationsforthedevice,includinghands-ontestingexperiencesforstudents,andartificialgravityexperiments.Inaddition,groupsofSunCubeFemtoSatscouldeventuallybeabletodothejoboflargerspacecraftatavastlydiscountedcost.12.WhatisthemajorgoaloftheSunCubeFemtoSatproject?A.Toactonteachinginouterspace.

B.Toprovideaccesstospacecraftdesign.C.Tohelpcarryoutaclassroomexperiment.

D.Tohelpaverageindividualsexplorespace.13.WhatisspecialaboutSunCubeFemtoSats?A.Theyareofthesamesize.

B.Theyareenergy-efficient.C.Theyaremainlydesignedforlabuse.

D.Theyaremainlyusedtocollectinformation.14.WhatdoesThangaexpectofSunCubeFemtoSats?A.They’llbeavailableonline.

B.They’llbeprovidedforfree.C.They’llmatchthesizeofCubeSats.

D.They’llbesentintospacewithCubeSats.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FemtoSatsWillRuleSpace

B.YourOwnSatelliteIsComingC.GoingintoSpaceHasBeenAfforable

D.YoucanDesignYourOwnSpacecraft【答案】12.D

13.B

14.A

15.B【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种微型卫星的成功研制将使大众探索太空成为可能。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中最后一句SmallerthanastandardCubeSat,thelow-caststudent-designedspacecraftisaimedatprovidinggreateraccesstospaceforscientistsandhobbyistsalike.“这艘由学生设计的低空太空飞船比标准的立方体卫星要小，旨在为科学家和业余爱好者提供更多的太空探索机会。”和第三段最后一句“That’spartofourmajorgoal—spacediscoveryforeverybody.”“这是我们主要目标的一部分——为所有人探索太空。”可以推断出，研制这种微型卫星的主要目的是帮助大众探索太空。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段一、二两句EachSunCubeFemtoSathasitsowncommunication,datacollectionandpropulsion(推进)systemsandispoweredbysolarpanels.Itismadeofoff-the-shelfpartsthatareavailableinshops,andtheenergy-efficientsolarpanelsarecutfromscrap(碎片),whichmakesitsaveenergy,soldatadiscountbymanufacturers.“每个太阳立方飞秒望远镜都有自己的通信、数据收集和推进系统，并由太阳能电池板供电。它是由商店里现成的零件制成的，而高效节能的太阳能电池板是从废料中切割出来的，这使得它能够节约能源，并在制造商那里打折出售。”可知，这种微型卫星用太阳能板供电，所用的材料都是节能环保的。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句ThangaandhisstaffviewtheFemtoSatasastartingpointforscientistsandstudents,andevenhopethedevicecouldbeboughtonthewebsitelikeAmazononeday.“Thanga和他的工作人员将飞向地球视为科学家和学生的一个起点，甚至希望有一天能在亚马逊这样的网站上买到这种设备。”可知，Thanga希望人们能够在网上买到FemtoSats。故选A。【15题详解】标题归纳提。根据第一段中的关键句“Fancyyourownsatellite”和第三段中的关键句“That’spartofourmajorgoal—spacediscoveryforeverybody”可以归纳出，B项“你自己的卫星就要来了”作为标题最能够反映文章主题且吸引读者。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howdoyoureacttochallenges?Doyourunandhide,ordoyoufacethemwithyourheadheldhigh?Havingconfidenceinyourselfcangiveyoupowertofacechallengesandsucceedinthefollowingtwoaspectsoflife.___16___Everyoneknowsthatlookingconfidentduringajobinterviewwillhelpyougetthejob.Confidenceactuallycanhelpyouinyourcareer.Inotherwords,ifyouthinkyou’llsucceedinyourworkplace,it’smorelikelythatyouwillsucceedoneday.SocialskillsBeingsureofyourselfcanalso1nakeyoufeelcalmwhenmeetingnewpeople.You’llbelessafraidofrejection,soyou’llbefreetobeyourself.____17____.Yourniceimagewillmakethemmorewillingtointeractwithyou.Buthowtodevelopyourconfidence?●____18____.Makealistofyourstrengthsandweaknesses。Beingconfidentdoesn’tmeanyouhavetobeblindtoproblemsyouhave。Butyouwantbalance.Besuretothinkofastrengthforeveryweaknessyouwritedown.●Setgoals.Makesomegoalsforyourdailytasks.Ifyoucouldaccomplishanythinginlife,whatwoulditbe?Thinkbigbutalsothinksmal1.____19____.Someofyourgoalscaninvolveimprovingtheweaknessesyoulisted.Thenyou’llhaveonereasonfewertodoubtyourself.●Lookyourbest.Takingalittletimetomakeyourselflookgoodwillhelpyouhaveapositiveattitude.●Standupstraight,smileandlookpeopleintheeye.____20____.Havingconfidenceinyourselftakessomeeffort,butitbringsgreatbenefits.A.KnowyourselfB.ProfessionalperformanceC.It’sdifficulttobuildupconfidenceD.ThatmakesiteasiertomakeagoodimpressionE.WritedowntheproblemsyouoftencomeacrossinschoollifeF.EvengettingsomethingsmalldonewillgiveyouconfidencetoachievemoregoalsG.Actconfidently,itwon’tbelongbeforeyourfeelingsfollowthethreekindsofbehaviors【答案】16.B

17.D

18.A

19.F

20.G【解析】本文是说明文。文章就如何面对挑战这一话题，给出了三个方面的建议。【16题详解】根据下文中的关键词“ajobinterview”；“workplace”可知，B项“职业表现”能更好地起到总结作用。故选B。【17题详解】D项中的“that”指代上文中的“You’llbelessafraidofrejection,soyou’llbefreetobeyourself”，且其中“goodimpression”与下文中的关键词汇“niceimage”的意思接近。故选D。【18题详解】该空位于段落开头，是主题句。根据下文内容“列出你的优点和缺点。自信并不意味着你必须对自己的问题视而不见。但你需要平衡。一定要为你写下的每一个弱点想一个优点。”本段主要围绕了解自己的优点和缺点展开阐述，由此可知，A项Knowyourself（了解自己）切题。故选A。【19题详解】F项“即使是完成一件小事也会给你实现更多目标的信心”更好地承接上文“要想大事，也要想小事”。故选F。【20题详解】G项中的“threekindsofbehaviors”正好概括上文中的“Standupstraight,smileandlookpeopleintheeye（站直，微笑，看着别人的眼睛）”这三种自信的行为。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eveniftheyhadtostoptoday,itwouldhavebeenquiteanaccomplishment.ButBradRyanandhis89-year-oldgrandmotherJoyRyan,whohave___21___29nationalparkssofar,havenointentionof___22___.ThefirstonetheysawwastheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkin2015.Sincethen,heandJoyRyanhaveseenmany___23___.“Iremembereda(n)___24___conversationwithmyGrandmaJoywhenwe’re___25___my2009AppalachianTrailhikefromGeorgiatoMaineandsheexpressed___26___thatshehadneverseenthemountainsand___27___thegreatoutdoorsthroughoutherlife,soI___28___hertojoinmeonmyweekend___29___fromcampustotheSmokies,”Bradsaid.Atthetime,Bradwasafourth-yearveterinarystudentattheCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,butneededa_____30_____todealwithacademicstress,especiallyafternewsofasecond-yearvetstudent’sinsanity(精神错乱)wasmade_____31_____.Therehavebeenalotof_____32_____alongtheway.AhighlightforBradwas“watchingmygrandmother_____33_____herinnerchildasshe_____34_____downasanddune(沙丘)ataparkatage87.”Anotherhighlightwasbeing_____35_____inanhour-longtrafficjaminYellowstone’sLamarValley,andwatchingthe_____36_____overtheGrandCanyonatdawn.“Shestill_____37_____totakeaspeedboattoBocaChitaKeyandclimbedthespiralstaircase(旋梯)ofa65-footlighthouseontheisland,”Brad_____38_____.“Atherage,she’svery_____39_____thatateverymoment,she’sprobablyseeingsomethingforthefirstandlasttime.Thathasdramatically_____40_____thewayIlivemylifeaswell,”hecontinued.21.A.founded

B.recorded

C.visited

D.protected22.A.delaying

B.stopping

C.wondering

D.experiencing23.A.attractions

B.achievements

C.failures

D.risks24.A.punctual

B.ambiguous

C.tense

D.previous25.A.imaging

B.discussing

C.missing

D.abandoning26.A.prejudice

B.suffering

C.regret

D.expectation27.A.explored

B.painted

C.heard

D.preferred28.A.served

B.invited

C.commanded

D.forced29.A.escape

B.attempt

C.crash

D.search30.A.test

B.party

C.break

D.show31.A.possible

B.public

C.similar

D.skeptical32.A.benefits

B.promises

C.mistakes

D.laughs33.A.burstinto

B.turndown

C.digout

D.bringup34.A.fell

B.cut

C.rolled

D.looked35.A.trapped

B.absorbed

C.lost

D.conducted36.A.play

B.sunrise

C.sunset

D.match37.A.managed

B.promised

C.refused

D.failed38.A.regretted

B.added

C.demanded

D.argued39.A.ashamed

B.aware

C.confident

D.thankful40.A.chose

B.needed

C.observed

D.changed【答案】21.C

22.B

23.A

24.D

25.B

26.C

27.A

28.B

29.A

30.C

31.B

32.D

33.C

34.C

35.A

36.B

37.A

38.B

39.B

40.D【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了BradRyan和他89岁的祖母JoyRyan迄今已参观了29个国家公园，但是他们没有打算停下来，祖母在游玩中一直都很用心专注。祖母对待生活的态度影响到了BradRyan。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：BradRyan和他89岁的祖母JoyRyan迄今已参观了29个国家公园。但是，他们无意停下来。A.founded成立；B.recorded记录；C.visited参观；D.protected保护。由空前的上下文可知，“today”之前BradRyan和他的祖母“参观”了很多国家公园，选择visit合乎语境。故选C。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：BradRyan和他89岁的祖母JoyRyan迄今已参观了29个国家公园。但是，他们无意停下来。A.delaying拖延；B.stopping停止；C.wondering想知道；D.experiencing经历。由上文的“Eveniftheyhadtostoptoday”并结合空格所在句子可知，他们没有停下来的想法，stop是同词复现。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他和JoyRyan参观了许多景点。A.attractions景点；B.achievements成就；C.failures失败；D.risks风险。国家公园是旅游景点，选择attractions合乎语境。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们谈论2009年我从乔治亚州到缅因州的阿巴拉契亚徒步旅行时，我想起以前与我的祖母的对话。A.punctual准时的；B.ambiguous含混不清的；C.tense紧张的；D.previous以前的。现在Brad和祖母已经参观游览了很多国家公园，由remembered一词可知，此处是表示Brad在回忆过去他和祖母的对话，即对话是发生在以前的。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们谈论2009年我从乔治亚州到缅因州的阿巴拉契亚徒步旅行时，我想起以前与我的祖母的对话。A.imaging想像；B.discussing谈论；C.missing错过，想念；D.abandoning放弃。根据conversationwithmyGrandma可知，在对话中，他们谈论了Brad的徒步旅行计划，选择discussing合乎语境。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对自己一生从未见过山峰和探索过户外活动感到遗憾。A.prejudice偏见；B.suffering痛苦；C.regret遗憾，后悔；D.expectation期望。空后提到祖母从未看见过山，因此此处是在表达她的遗憾，选择regret合乎语境。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对自己一生从未见过山峰并探索过户外活动感到遗憾。A.explored探索；B.painted描绘；C.heard听见；D.preferred更喜欢。“explorethegreatoutdoors（探索户外的景色）”与“seethemountains（看见山峰）”是并列关系，它们在never之后，表示“祖母未曾到过外面游览参观”，这是在解释regret这个词的内容。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在周末我离开校园到大烟山去旅行，因此我邀请她和我一起去”，Brad说。A.served服务；B.invited

邀请；C.commanded指挥；D.forced强迫。祖母表达了未曾到过外面游览参观的遗憾，因此BradRyan“邀请”她加入自己的周末旅行计划中。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在周末我离开校园到大烟山去旅行，因此我邀请她和我一起去”，Brad说。A.escape逃脱；B.attempt尝试；C.crash撞车，碰撞；D.search搜索。由下一题的分析可知，BradRyan在周末要逃避学习来休息一下，escapefrom：逃离，逃脱，这个短语很合乎语境，表示作者的学习压力之大。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时Brad是兽医学院的四年级兽医学生，但他需要休息一下以应对学习压力，尤其是在二年级兽医学生精神错乱的消息被公开之后。A.test测试；B.party派对；C.break间歇，休息；D.show显示。由空后的“处理学业压力”可知，BradRyan休要休息一下。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时Brad是兽医学院的四年级兽医学生，但他需要休息一下以应对学习压力，尤其是在二年级兽医学生精神错乱的消息被公开之后。A.possible可能的；B.public公开的；C.similar类似的；D.skeptical怀疑的。听说有一名兽医学生精神错乱的消息公开之后更会促使Brad在周末需要放松一下。makesthpublic：公布（某事）。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义