新概念第二册第四单元第78课课件f非常全面

NewConceptEnglish2Lesson78TheLastOne?Wordsentitle calm nerve concentration suffer symptom temper appetite produce urge satisfaction delighted v.以……为名v.使镇定n.神经n.集中，专心v.受苦，受害n.症状n.脾气n.胃口，食欲v.拿出v.力劝，怂恿n.满意，满足adj.欣喜的entitlev.以......为名；授权ifsomethingentitlesyoutosomething,itgivesyoutheofficialrighttohaveordoit那本小说被命名为《傲慢与偏见》。ThenovelisentitledPrideandPrejudice.这个执照授权你可以卖药。Thislicenseentitlesyoutoselldrug.Womenemployeesareentitledtoamaternityleaveofthreemonths.女性员工有权利休三个月的产假。beentitledto(do)sth.对...享有权利,值得;有(做某事)的资格[权利]记忆:en动词前缀，使..+title标题=使有标题）calmv.使镇定；Igavethefrightenedchildsomecandiestocalmhim.我给那个吓坏了的小孩一些糖果使他安静下来。

adj.平静的；Afteranightofstorm,theseaisnowcalm.一夜暴风雨过后，大海现在很平静。词组拓展：keepcalm保持镇定calmdown镇定下来

calmbeforethestorm暴风雨前的平静相关表达：calmnessn.平静,冷静,镇静词义辨析：calm,peaceful,quiet,stillcalm(relaxedandquiet,notangry,nervous,orupset)主要用于气候、海洋“风平浪静的”，也可指人表示“安静的”、“镇静的”

Theskyisblue,andtheseaiscalm.天空碧兰，海上风平浪静。Althoughshewasfrightened,sheansweredwithacalmvoice.虽然她害怕，但还是用平静的声音回答。几个意思相近的词：Peaceful(apeacefultime,place,orsituationisquietandcalmwithoutanyworryorexcitement)指“和平的”表示“没有骚扰和战争的”，如：apeacefulenvironment和平环境。quiet(notmakingmuchnoise,ormakingnonoiseatall)指“没有吵闹声的”、“没有噪音的”,它强调“声音很低、很少”或“全然无声”,如:Hehadaquietlife.他过着宁静的生活。still(quietandcalm)指“没声音的”、“没动静的”,如:thestillhoursbeforedawn黎明前的寂静时刻。nerven.神经EE英译：thefeelingofbeingnervousbecauseyouareworriedoralittlefrightened他在演讲的时候紧张死了。Hewasabundleofnerveswhenmakingthespeech.我喝了一大杯啤酒来镇定我的神经。Idrankalargeglassofbeertocalmmynerves.词组拓展：getonsb.'snerves使人心烦不安；使人心神不定straineverynerve竭尽全力相关表达：nervousadj.神经紧张的，不安的concentrationn.集中，专心周围这么多噪音，我几乎不能专心读书。Icanhardlyconcentrateonreadingwithallthatnoisearound.作为一个同声传译工作者，我必须非常集中精神地听和翻译。AsasimultaneoustranslatorImustlistenandtranslatewithgreatconcentration.相关表达：concentratev.集中记忆点拨：con（全部）—centr（中心）—ation（名词后缀）（全部在中心）sufferv.受苦，受害；EE：toexperiencephysicalormentalpaintobeinaverybadsituationthatmakesthingsverydifficultforyou（受损失）我有严重的头疼病。Ihavebeensufferingfromabadheadache.我的奶奶突然就去世了，没受什么痛苦。Mygrandmotherdiedsuddenlyanddidn’tsuffer.Theenemyforcessufferedheavycasualties.敌方军队伤亡损失很大。stand(tobeabletoacceptordealwellwithadifficultsituation[=tolerate])指精神上坚毅，有决心：Thepainwastoointensetostand.痛苦强烈得无法承受。Suffer(toexperiencephysicalormentalpain)侧重指顺从和克制Hesufferedtheirinsultsinsilence.他默默忍受他们所施加的伤害。Tolerate(tobeabletoacceptsomethingunpleasantordifficult,eventhoughyoudonotlikeit)主要用于指除痛苦之外的一些事情，含有尽管保留但勉强接受之意辨析:bear，endure(容忍），stand，suffer,tolerate（承认，忍受）

bear(tobravelyacceptordealwithapainful,difficult,orupsettingsituation[=stand])广义的指容忍各种事情的能力Hecan'tbearpeoplesmokingwhilehe'seating.他受不了别人在他吃饭的时候吸烟。endure(tobeinadifficultorpainfulsituationforalongtimewithoutcomplaining)尤指长期面对痛苦、艰难的能力：Therearelimitstowhatthehumanbodycanendure.人体的忍耐力是有限的symptomn.somethingwrongwithyourbodyormindwhichshowsthatyouhaveaparticularillness症状；asignthataseriousproblemexists征兆Symptomsincludeheadachesandfever.症状包括头疼和发烧。Coughisoneofthesymptomsofhavingpneumonia.咳嗽是肺炎的症状之一。Thetrikeisasymptomofthedelcinationofeconomy.这次罢工是经济衰退的征兆。Thecrimerateisasymptomofsocialunrest.犯罪率是社会不安定的征兆。tempern.atendencytobecomeangrysuddenlyoreasily脾气当他看到室友正在用他的牙刷时他大发脾气。Helosthistemperwhenhesawhisroommateusinghistoothbrush.Ifhecannotlearnhowtocontrohistemper,hewilllosthisjob.如果他不能学会控制他的脾气，他就会失去工作。词组拓展：keepone'stemper忍住气；不发火loseone'stemper发火；生气

outoftemper发火；动怒相关表达：good-temperedadj.好脾气的bad-temperedadj.坏脾气的ill-tempered坏脾气的even-tempered好脾气的temperamantn.气质，性格anervoustemperament易紧张的性格appetiten.胃口，食欲吃了太多冰激凌让我都没胃口了。Toomuchicecreamspoiledmyappetite.游泳让我胃口大增。Swimminggivesmeagreatappetite.词组拓展：lose/have/spoil/giveappetite失去食欲，有食欲，破坏食欲，促进食欲谚语:Appetitecomeswitheating.[谚]胃口越吃越大(贪得无厌)。Agoodappetiteisagoodsauce.[谚]饥不择食。producev.toshow,bringout,oroffersomethingsoitcanbeseenorconsidered

拿出；生产；n.农业产品Theoldmanproducedhispassporttotheofficerwithtremblinghands.老人用颤抖的双手把护照拿给长官看。Ifyoucannotproducemoreevidence,youwillbesentencedtodeath.如果你不能拿出更多的证据你就会被判死刑。Grapesproducedinthisfarmaremailyusedtomakewine.这个农场产出的葡萄主要用于造酒。相关表达：productn.产品，产物productionn.生产yieldv.出产,生长urgev.tostronglyadvisesomeonetodosomething力劝，怂恿；n.强烈欲望Jackurgedmetoresignandstartmyownbusiness.JACK怂恿我辞职自己创业。Iurgedthatyouconsiderthisdecisioncarelly.我劝你仔细考虑这个决定。Ifeltasuddenurgetosmoke.我有强烈的想吸烟的欲望。相关表达：urgentadj.急迫的，紧张的satisfactionn.afeelingofhappinessorpleasurebecauseyouhaveachievedsomethingorgotwhatyouwanted满意，满足她从帮助别人的过程中得到很大的满足感。Shegotgreatsatisfactionfromhelpingothers.Helookedathispaintingwithasmileofsatisfaction.他看着他的画，露出满意的微笑。相关表达：satisfyv.使满意satisfactoryadj.令人满意的satisfiedadj.感到满意的dissatisfactionn.不满delighted,adj.verypleasedandhappy欣喜的Wearedelightedthatthepresidentwillbewatchingourperformance.总统将要观看我们的演出，我们很高兴。Wearedelightedtoknowourbestfriendhadalovelybaby.我们欣喜的得知我们最好的朋友生了一个可爱的孩子。JonewasdelightedwhenshereceivedtheadmissionsletterfromHarwardUniversity.Jone接到哈佛大学的录取通知书时非常高兴。相关表达：delightn.欣喜词义辨析：都含“快乐”、“愉快”意思的词语pleasuredelightjoypleasure（thefeelingofhappiness,enjoyment,orsatisfactionthatyougetfromanexperience）是常用词,指“以任何形式表现出的或默默的快乐与满足”。如:帮助你是我的快乐。It'smypleasuretohelpyou.delight（afeelingofgreatpleasureandsatisfaction）语意比pleasure强,指“极大的快乐”,尤指“以一种活泼的态度表现出来的快乐”,如:Thechildclappedhishandsindelight.那孩子高兴得拍起手来。joy（greathappinessandpleasure）指“高兴地表现出来的更强烈的快乐和愉快的情绪”,如:Successbroughthergreatjoy.成功给她带来极大的快乐。QstothetextWhatdidtheauthordoafterreadinganarticleentitled‘CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth’?Whydidhiswifesufferduringtheweekwhenhedidn’tsmoke?Whatdidhisfriendsdoduringthatweek?Whathappenedattheparty?【课文讲解】1、Afterreadinganarticleentitled'CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth'Ilitacigarettetocalmmynerves.anarticleentitled题名为……的文章在英语中，文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。lit（light，light）v.点燃Ilitacigarette.lightedadj.被点燃的Thisisalightedcigarette.2、Myfriendskeptonofferingcigarettesandcigars.keepondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.持续不断的做Thechildwascryingloudly,buthekeptonwatchingTV.cigarn.雪茄offersb.sth.给某人某物3、TheymadenoefforttohidetheiramusementwheneverIproducedapacketofsweetsfrommypocket.makeeveryeffort尽全力，尽一切努力Hemadeeveryefforttoget/atgettingthejob.makenoeffort根本不作努力，毫不费力makenoefforttopersuadehimShewrotetheletterwith/withouteffort.她费力/毫不费力地写了那封信。makeeffort+todosth.努力做……nomatterwhen=whenever无论何时nomatterwho=whoever无论是谁nomatterwhere=wherever无论在哪里nomatterhow无论怎样4、WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanIcouldbear.wasmorethanIcouldbear=Icouldn'tbearmorethan后面跟一个从句或一个形容词时可以表示“超出”（多用于口语）：Hewasmorethanpleasedwithhisnewroom.ThiswasmorethanIhadexpectd.5、Anyway,asBrianpointedout,itistheeasiestthingintheworldtogiveupsmoking.anyway不管如何AnywayIlovehim.Thankyouanyway.pointout=explain指出，指明Whydidn’tyoupointouthismistaketohimatthattime?Hepointedoutthatwestillhadtogetafewotherthings.【SpecialDifficulties】与keep有关的短语动词keepon+doingsth.反复，持续Myfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettes.Hekeptonsayingthathewastired.他不断地说他累了。keepoff不靠近，从……离开Keepofftheflowerbed.请勿进入花坛。Keepyourhandsoffthefood.别动吃的东西。keepawayfrom（使……）不靠近，避开Whydoyoualwayskeepawayfromme?你为什么总躲着我？Keepthechildrenawayfromtheriver.别让孩子们去河边。keepitup不松劲，保持成绩，继续下去You'vemademuchprogress.Keepitup!你已取得了很大进步。继续努力！keepupwith跟上，不落在……后面Inordertokeepupwithhisclassmates,heworkedharderthanever.为了跟上同学，他比以往任何时候都更努力。keepout（使）留在外面，（使）不进入Heshutallthedoorsandwindowstokeepoutthewind.为了挡风，他关上了所有的门窗16,000-voltpowerline.Keepout!16,000伏高压线，不可靠近！keepin（把……）留在里面／关在屋里，不出外It'sverycoldtoday.We'dbetterkeepin.今天很冷。我们最好别出去。Whenthedogwaskeptin,itbarkedloudly.那条狗被关在屋里时狂吠不止。SentenceandExpressionsMyfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettesandcigarskeep(sb.)away(fromsth.)（使）某人离开（某物）keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepsth.inmind记住（某事物）keepback忍住（眼泪），扣下，隐瞒keepintouchwith与……保持联系keepoff远离，避开，让开keepupwith跟上，不落在后面Keep短语举例summaryHavingreadanarticleonsmoking,thewritersmokedhislastcigarette.Hedidnotsmokeforaweekandhiswifesufferedbecausehehadabadtemperandalargeappetite.Meanwhilefriendsofferedhemcigarettesandwereamusedtoseehimproduceapacketofsweetsfromhispocket.Whenhewenttoaparty,heacceptedacigarettewhichhewasofferedbyafriendandsincethenthingshavereturnedtonormal.VocabularyVerb–现代式现代式(单数)过去式过去分词现在分词readreadsreadreadreadingentitleentitlesentitledentitledentitlinglightlightslighted/litlighted/litlightingcalmcalmscalmedcalmedcalmingsmokesmokessmokedsmokedsmokingsuffersufferssufferedsufferedsufferinggivegivesgavegivengivingkeepkeepskeptkeptkeepingofferoffersofferedofferedofferingmakemakesmademademakingVocabularyVerb–现代式现代式(单数)过去式过去分词现在分词hidehideshidhid/hiddenhidingproduceproducesproducedproducedproducinggogoeswentgonegoingfeelfeelsfeltfeltfeelingurgeurgesurgedurgedurgingacceptacceptsacceptedacceptedacceptingbearbearsboreborn/bornebearingtaketakestooktakentakingreturnreturnsreturnedreturnedreturningpointpointspointedpointedpointingVocabularyatallterriblyenormousextremelyuncomfortableguiltilydelightednormalpointoutgiveupadv.根本adv.可怕地,十分adj.巨大的,庞大的adv.极端地,非常地adj.不舒服的,不安的adv.罪地,有罪地adj.欣喜的,快乐的adj.正常的,正规的v.指出v.放弃Others–Vocabularyarticlecigarettehealthnerveconcentrationpleasuresymptomtemperappetitecigareffortamusementpacketsweetpocketsatisfaction文章香烟健康神经集中,专心愉快[医]症状脾气,情绪食欲,胃口雪茄努力娱乐,消遣,娱乐活动小包裹糖果衣袋,口袋满意,满足Nouns–重难点练习：1

awayfrom2

off3

up4

on5

out6

upwith7

in多选答案：1.a根据课文第1句Afterreadinganarticleentitled…可以判断，只有a.Somethinghehadread与课文的内容相符，其他3个选择都与课文内容不符，所以只能选a.2.c根据课文第10-11行，只有c是课文所暗示的情况，其他3个选择都与课文实际内容不符，所以应选c.3.b这是一个一般过去时疑问句，因为前面用助动词Did提问，其谓语动词要用原形才符合语法。a.lit是light的一种过去式和过去分词；c.lighted也是light的过去式和过去分词；d.lighting是light的现在分词。以上3个选择都不是动词原形，所以都不能选。只有b.light是动词原形，最合乎语法，所以选b.4.b只有b.on是正确的，因为该句中的谓语动词concentrate后面只能跟介词on才符合习惯用法。concentrateon意思是“全神贯注于，专心于”，其他3个词都不能同concentrate搭配使用。5.c只有