山西省吕梁市北张中学2021年高一英语期末试题含解析

山西省吕梁市北张中学2021年高一英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.TheNBAis_____organizationofprofessional（职业的）basketballplayersintheUSA.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./参考答案：B2.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities_____risingsteadilysince1990.A.is

B.are

C.hasbeen

D.havebeen

参考答案：C3.JackandIarecloseclassmates,butIdidn’t_____himwithamaskonyesterday.A.find

B.recognize

C.know

D.realize参考答案：B4.21stCenturyis______anewspaper．IthelpsustoimproveourEnglishalot．

A．nolessthan

B．nomorethan

C．lessthan

D．morethan参考答案：d略5.Healwayspreferstorideabicycleratherthan______acrowdedbus.A.taking

B.take

C.took

D.taken参考答案：B6.China'sfirstself-designedmodembridgereopenedtoroadtraffic,

weChineseweresoproudwhenitwasbuilt50yearsago.A.towhich

B.forwhichC.inwhich

D.ofwhich参考答案：D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国第一座自行设计的现代化大桥对道路运输重新开放，50年前它被建造，我们中国人为之自豪。

weChineseweresoproudwhenitwasbuilt50yearsago.是一个定语从句，先行词是China'sfirstself-designedmodembridge，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，beproudof以……而骄傲，介词提到关系代词的前面，故选D。7.WhenIwasataloss,thethoughtoftravelingabroaddid____tome.A.occur

B.happen

C.strike

D.belong参考答案：A8.Thegeneralatlastgotachancetovisitthevillage_______heusedtofight,_____hehadbeendreamingofforyears.A.that/which B.where/that C.where/which

D.inwhich/what参考答案：C9.Marydiddosomebadthingsaboutme,butIhave______herforthat.A.regretted

B.freed

C.relaxed

D.forgiven参考答案：D10.

LittleTomadmitted______intheexamination,______thathewouldn’tdothatinthefuture.A.tocheat;topromise

B.cheating;promised

C.havingcheated;promising

D.tohavecheated;promised参考答案：C11.Alienhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_____tocarryallthewayhome．

A.muchtooheavy

B.toomuchheavy

C.heavytoomuch

D.tooheavymuch参考答案：A略12.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurely______viewofhowwecanlivelifetothefullandmakesomesuggestionsaboutthefuture.A.precious

B.unique

C.different

D.personal

参考答案：D13.Weshouldnot_______smallmistakes,ortheymightleadtobigaccidents.A.hurt

B.ignore

C.recover

D.dislike参考答案：B14.___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.

A.When

B.However

C.Although

D.Unless参考答案：C15.Ourneighbor,_____nameisCharlesAlison,willsailtomorrow.A.whose

Bwhosehis

C.his

D.ofwhom参考答案：A16.Weareoftenwarnedthatsmoking______greatharmtoourhealth.

A.does

B.leaves

C.makes

D.gives参考答案：A略17.—Didthenaughtyboybreaktheglassbychance?

—No,______.

A.ofcourse

B.onpurpose

C.byhand

D.forpleasure参考答案：B略18.Ifyoucheatintheexam,youwillnever__________it.A.getawayfrom

B.runawayfromC.putupwith

D.getawaywith参考答案：D二、书面表达19.每年的10月31日是联合国确定的“世界勤俭日”。假设你是李华，你最近给你在美国的朋友Mike的一封e-mail中专门讨论了“勤俭”的问题。你的e-mail内容应包括：1)指出校园内中学生花钱如水，没有节约的概念；2)分析产生这一现象原因(独生子女；生活水平的提高；追求时髦等)；3)你对“节俭”的看法。注意：1．字数：110左右。2．开头和结尾已写好，不计入总字数。3．参考词汇：世界勤俭日：WorldThriftDay;花销：expenditure;现象：phenomenonDearMike，How'severythinggoing?Asyouknow,WorldThriftDayfallsonOctober31.SothistimeI'dliketodiscussthriftwithyou.Inrecentyears,themonthlyexpenditureofmiddleschoolstudentshasbeenonthesharprise.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Howaboutyourpointaboutthrift?Bestwishes!YoursfaithfullyLiHua参考答案：DearMike，How'severythinggoing?Asyouknow,WorldThriftDayfallsonOctober31.SothistimeI'dliketodiscussthriftwithyou.Inrecentyears,themonthlyexpenditureofmiddleschoolstudentshasbeenonthesharprise.Manyofthemspendmoneylikewaterandhavenoconceptofthriftintheirminds.Thisphenomenoniscausedbythefollowingfactors.Firstofall,nowadaysmostofstudentsaretheonlychildrenoftheirfamilies.Naturally,theygetmorecareandpocketmoney.Secondly,withtheimprovementoflivingstandard,parentscanaffordhigherexpenditureoftheirchildren.Thirdly,somestudentsliketopursuefashionandtrends,whichtendstoneedmoremoney.Frommypointofview,middlestudentsshouldlearntobethrifty.Weshouldlimitourexpenditureinourdailylife.Thehabitofthriftcanhelpusformrightvaluesandisfavorabletoourfuturedevelopment.Howaboutyourpointaboutthrift?Bestwishes!YoursfaithfullyLiHua【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：每年的10月31日是联合国确定的“世界勤俭日”。假设你是李华，你最近给你在美国的朋友Mike的一封e-mail中专门讨论了“勤俭”的问题。你的e-mail内容应包括：1)指出校园内中学生花钱如水，没有节约的概念；2)分析产生这一现象的原因(独生子女；生活水平的提高；追求时髦等)；3)你对“节俭”的看法。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：WorldThriftDay（世界勤俭日）；onthesharprise（急剧上升）；causedbythefollowingfactors（被下面的因素引起）；withtheimprovementoflivingstandard（随着生活水平的提高）；等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。Asyouknow,WorldThriftDayfallsonOctober31.句中as引导非限制性定语从句；Thisphenomenoniscausedbythefollowingfactors.句中使用被动语态；somestudentsliketopursuefashionandtrends,whichtendstoneedmoremoney.句中使用定语从句；另外，Asyouknow,Inrecentyears,Firstofall,Secondly,Thirdly,Frommypointofview,等的运用为文章增色添彩。20.书面表达（满分25分）假设你是高一学生李华，你的美国朋友Alice想要了解你升入高中后的大致情况。你给她写一封邮件，要点包括：学校概况新校园干净美丽；有大型操场和阅览室。教师最喜欢英语老师，他是你的第一位男英语老师，他的教学方法与众不同，使我们很感兴趣。同学友好、勤奋感受高中新生活开始了，要努力取得更大的进步。DearAlice,Howareyoudoing?I’lltellyousomethingabout

first.Mynewschoolisvery

.Thereisalarge

anda

.Ilikemy

best,whoismyfirst

ofEnglish.Histeachingmethodisnothinglikethatoftheothers.What’smore,hemakesus

inclass.Allmyclassmatesare

.We’relivinganewlifeandtryingto

inourlessons.

.

Yours,

LiHua参考答案：三、阅读理解21.“Myworkisdone.”ThosewordsweresomeofthelastpennedbyGeorgeEastman.Heincludedtheminhissuicidenote.Theymarkanignobleendtoanoblelife,theleavetakingofatrulygreatman.Thesamewordscouldnowbesaidforthecompanyheleftbehind.Actually,theEastmanKodakCompanyisthrough.Ithasbeenmismanagedfinancially,technologicallyandcompetitively.For20years,itsleadershavefoolishlyspentdownthepatrimonyofacentury’sprosperity.OneofAmerica’sbedrockbrandsisabouttodisappear,theKodakmomenthaspassed.ButGeorgeEastmanisnothowhedied,andtheEastmanKodakCompanyisnothowitisbeingkilled.Thoughtheendsbeneedlessandpremature,theymustnotbeallowedtoovershadowthegreatnessthatcamebefore.Fewcompanieshavedonesomuchgoodforsomanypeople,ordefinedandliftedsoprofoundlythespiritofanationandperhapstheworld.Itisimpossibletounderstandthe20thCenturywithoutrecognizingtheroleoftheEastmanKodakCompany.Kodakservedmankindthroughentertainment,science,nationaldefenseandthestockpilingoffamilymemories.KodaktookustothetopofMountSuribachiandtotheSeaofTranquility.ItintroducedustothemerryoldLandofOzandtostarsfromCharlieChaplintoJohnWayne,andElizabethTaylortoTomHanks.ItshowedustheshotthatkilledPresidentKennedy,andhisbrotherbleedingoutonakitchenfloor,andafallenMartinLutherKingJr.onthehardbalconyofaMemphismotel.Whenthatsailorkissedthenurse,andwhenthespyplanessawmissilesinCuba,Kodakwastheeyesofanation.FromthedeckoftheMissouritothegrandeurofMonumentValley,Kodaktookusthere.Virtuallyeverysignificantimageofthe20thCenturyisagifttoposterity（繁荣）fromtheEastmanKodakCompany.Inaneraofeasydigitalphotography,whenwecantakeapictureofanythingatanytime,wecannotimaginewhatlifewaslikebeforeGeorgeEastmanbroughtphotographytopeople.Yes,therewerephotographers,andforlylargesumsofmoneytheywouldtakestilted（不自然的）picturesinstudiosandformalsettings.Butmostpeoplecouldn’taffordphotographs,andsoalltheyhadtorememberdistantlovedones,orearliertimesoftheirlives,wasmemory.Childrencouldnotknowwhattheirparentshadlookedlikeasyoungpeople,grandparentsfarawaymightneverlearnwhattheirgrandchildrenlookedlike.EastmanKodakallowedmemorytomovefromtheuncertaintyofrecollection,tothepermanenceofaphotograph.Butitwasn’tjustpeoplewhosefeaturesweresavable;itwasevents,thesacredandprecioustimesthatfamiliescherish.TheKodakmoment,washumanity’smoment.Anditwasn’tjustpeoplewhosefeaturesweresavable;itwasevents,theprecioustimesthatfamiliescherish.Kodakletthefleetingmomentsofbirthdaysandweddings,picnicsandparties,bepreservedandsaved.Itallowedforthecreationofthemostegalitarianartform.Loverscouldtakeoneanother’spictures,childrenwerephotographedwalkingoutthedooronthefirstdayofschool,thepersonreleasingtheshutterdecidedwhatwasworthrecording,andhundredsofmillionsofsuchdecisionsweremade.Andforcenturiestocome,thoselongdeadwillsmileanddanceandcommunicatetotheirunbornprogeny（子孙）.Familyhistorywillbenotonlynamesonpaper,butsmilesonfaces.Thecashflownotjustprovidedthousandsofpeoplewithjob,butalsoallowedthecompany’sfoundertoengageinsomeofthemostgenerouscharityinAmerica’shistory.NotjustinKodak’shomecityofRochester,NewYork,butinTuskegeeandLondon,andattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Hebankrolled（资助）twohistoricallyblackcolleges,fixedtheteethofEurope’spoor,andquietlydidgoodwhereverhecould.Whiledoinggood,Kodakdidverywell.Overalltheyears,alltheKodakersoveralltheyearsareessentialpartsofthatmonumentallegacy.Theyprosperedagreatcompany,butthey–withthatcompany–blessedtheworld.ThatiswhatweshouldrememberabouttheEastmanKodakCompany.Likeitsfounder,weshouldrememberhowitlived,nothowitdied.Historywillforgetthesmallmenwhohavescuttledthiscompany.ButhistorywillneverforgetKodak.29.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistoblameforthefallofKodak?A.TheinventionofeasydigitalphotographyB.ThepoormanagementofthecompanyC.TheearlydeathofGeorgeEastmanD.Thequickriseofitsbusinesscompetitors30.ItcanbelearntfromthepassagethatGeorgeEastman

.A.diedanaturaldeathofoldage.B.happenedtobeonthespotwhenPresidentKennedywasshotdead.C.setuphiscompanyinthecapitaloftheUSbeforesettingupitsbranchesallovertheworld.D.wasnotonlyinterestedincommercialprofits,butalsointheimprovementofotherpeople’slives.31．BeforeGeorgeEastmanbroughtphotographytopeople,

.A.nophotoshaseverbeentakenofpeopleoreventsB.photoswereveryexpensiveandmostlytakenindoorsC.paintingwastheonlywayforpeopletokeeparecordoftheirancestors.D.grandparentsneverknewwhattheirgrandchildrenlookedlike.参考答案：29．B30．D31．B22.ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace．Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea．Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes．Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedintheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization．ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798．HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship．HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland．However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst．Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol．Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland．Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900．Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸盐)ontheisland．Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichwasaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming．Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate．Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine．Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil．Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants．Stripminingtotallydestroystheland．Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon．In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld．Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate．Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars．I