山西省临汾市华望中学2022-2023学年高三英语模拟试题含解析

山西省临汾市华望中学2022-2023学年高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1.Anunhappychildhoodmayhavesomenegativeimpactsonaperson’scharacter-shaping.However,theyarenotalways___________.A.practical B.avoidableC.permanent D.beneficial参考答案：C【详解】考查形容词辨析。A.practical实际的；实用的；B.avoidable可以避免的；C.permanent永久的；D.beneficial有益的；句意：不幸福的童年对一个人的性格塑造有一些消极的影响。然而，这些影响并不永久存在。根据句意可知C项符合语境，指这些消极影响可能被消除。故C项正确。2._____putintoprison_____toregretwhathehaddone.A.Notuntilwashe…hebegan

B.Notuntilhewas…didhebeginC.Onlyafterhewas…thathebegan

D.Scarcelyhadbebeen…than参考答案：B略3.---HowdoyouthinkIcanmakeupwithTony?

---Putaside______youdisagreeandtrytofind______youhaveincommon.

A.what;whatB.what;whereC.where;what

D.where;where参考答案：考点：考查名词性从句【答案】4.

Little_______thatthebasketballheonceplayedcouldbesoldfor150,000yuanatauction.A.YaoMingexpected

B.YaoMinghadexpectedC.didYaoMingexpect

D.hadYaoMingexpected参考答案：D5.Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight,youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．A.none

B.someC.many

D.nothing参考答案：A【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：如果你用消极的眼光看待事物，你会发现到处都是错误，到处都是问题。A.none没有任何东西；B.some一些；C.many许多；D.nothing无事，无物。此处指没有问题的地方也有问题，故选A.6.Thecompanyisnowin____chargeofMr.Smith,whowasmade_____managerofitlastweek.A./;the

B.the;the

C.the;/

D./;/参考答案：C7.________twiceayear,whetheritisacarorbusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.Examined

B.Examining

C.Havingbeenexamined

D.Beingexamined参考答案：D句意：一年检查车两次是这个城市每个司机必须要遵守的规则，无论是小汽车、公交车或是卡车。此处作主语，故用动词的-ing形式，因为车是被检查，所以用被动。故选C。8.YuanLongpinghaswonmanyawards,

showshisextraordinaryachievements.A.what B.that C.who D.which参考答案：D9.Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhat________us.

A.bothers B.hadbothered C.wouldbother D.bothered参考答案：A10.—Ithoughttomorrowwasthedeadlineformyconfirmation.—Nevermind.Callmelaterandtellmewhatyou________then.A.wouldthink

B.hadthought

C.think

D.thought参考答案：C11.AftergreateffortsPresidentObanomawaselectedtoasecond

ofoffice．A．turn

B．round

C．term

D．stage参考答案：C12.30．AfterwatchingthemovieInception《盗梦空间》,IboughtsomeDVDcopiesofthefilm,butnow

-_______isleft．

A．noone

B．nothing

C．none

D．neither参考答案：C略13.HetookpossessionofNewZealand_______theBritishCrown.

A．tothenameof

B．inthenameof

C．underthenameof

D．ofthenameof参考答案：A14.Ican’trememberwhen______turningpointoccurredexactly,butitmightbe______summermorningwhenIwasinNewYork.A.不填；a

B.a;a

C.the;a

D.a;the参考答案：C15.He______writingthepapernow.Hehadn’twrittenasinglewordwhenIlefthimtenminutesago.A.shouldn’tbe B.can’thavefinishedC.can’tbe D.mustn’thavefinished参考答案：B【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’thavedone不可能做某事，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是musthavedone对过去情况的否定推测是can’t/couldn’thavedone例如:Thegroundiswet,soitmusthaverainedlastnight.Hecan’thavefinishedhiswork,becauseheplayedbasketballalldayyesterday.16.

—How

did

you

like

Nick—To

be

honest,

his

singing

didn’t

_______to

me

much

A.

appeal

B

.

belong

C

refer

D.

occur参考答案：A二、完型填空17.完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第61—80

各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C

和D）

中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。Sincemyfamilywerenotgoingtobehelpful,IdecidedIwouldlookforoneallbymyselfandnottellthemaboutittillI’dgotone.

Ihadseenanagency(中介机构)advertisedinalocalnewspaper.Irushedoutofthe61

insearchofit.Iwaswildlyexcited,andas

62

asifIweregoingonthestage.Findingthe

63

quiteeasily,Iranbreathlesslythroughadoorwhichsaid“Enterwithoutknocking,ifyouplease.”

Thesimpleatmosphereoftheoffice

64

me.Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme65throughherglasses,andthen

66

meinalowvoice.Iansweredsoftly.AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather

67

.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof

68

.Ifeltevenmorehelplesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbe

69

togetajobwithout

70

.IwonderedwhetherIoughttoleave,

71

thetelephoneonherdeskrang.Iheardhersay:“72

,I’vegotsomeoneinthe

73

atthisverymomentwhomight

74

.”Shewrotedowna75

,andhelditouttome,saying:“Ringupthislady.Shewantsa

76

immediately.Infact,youwouldhavetostarttomorrowbycookingadinnerfortenpeople.”

“Ohyes,”saidI—

77

havingcookedformorethanfourinmylife.I

78

heragainandagain,andrushedouttothe

79

telephonebox.Icollectedmythoughts,tookadeepbreath,andrangthenumber.IsaidconfidentlythatIwasjustwhatshewaslookingfor.Ispentthenextfewhours

80

cookbooks.61.A.bed

Bhouse

C.agency

D.office

62.A.proud

B.pleased

C.nervous

D.worried

63.A.family

B.door

C.place D.stage

64.A.calmed

B.excited

C.frightened

D.disturbed

65.A.asusual

B.forawhile

C.inaminute

D.onceagain

66.A.advised

B.examined

C.informed

D.questioned

67.A.encouraged

B.dissatisfied

C.hopeless

D.pleased

68.A.place

B.job

C.advice

D.help

69.A.difficult

B.helpless

C.possible

D.unusual

70.A.ability

B.experience

C.

knowledge

D.study

71.A.after

B.since

C.

until

D.when

72.A.Aboveall

B.Asamatteroffact C.

Asaresult

D.Inspiteofthat

73.A.family

B.house

C.

office

D.restaurant

74.A.hire

B.accept

C.

suit

D.offer

75.A.letter B.name

C.

note

D.number

76.A.cook

B.help

C.

teacher

D.secretary

77.A.almost

B.never C.

nearly

D.really

78.A.answered

B.promised

C.

thanked

D.told

79.A.outside

B.local

C.

closest

D.nearest

80.A.borrowing

B.buying

C.

reading

D.writing参考答案：61.BCCAB

66.DCBAB

71.DBCCD

76.ABCDC略三、阅读理解18.Whenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromlywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”38．Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?A．Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.B．Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.C．Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.D．Carmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.39．Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.A．usingamassiveonlinequizworldwideB．comparingdifferentculturesandcustomsC．dividingtherespondentsintothreegroupsD．performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments40．Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally?A．Nigeria

B．ColombiaC．Finland

D．Indonesia41．BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.A．Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironmentB．Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattentionC．Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsocietyD．Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas参考答案：38．

B

39．

A

40．

C

41．

B

这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了当一名司机猛踩刹车以避免撞到非法穿越马路的行人时，她是在做一个道德上的决定，将风险从行人转移到车内的人。自动驾驶汽车可能很快就不得不做出这样的道德的判断了。38．推理判断题。根据题目定位到第一段butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.看到下一段讲了这个survey，第三段揭示了研究结果：nationscouldbedividedintothreegroups，第四段alsoidentified…inacountry，通过nations，country可知实验结果按照不同国家划分，可见是文化差异differentcultures，故选B。39．细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二行onlinequiz可知A正确；B选项作者只是展示不同文化的moralchoices，未提及比较；C选项根据第三段开头analyzedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatnationscouldbedividedintothreegroups说明divided是研究结果得出的，而非conductthestudy使用的方法；D选项文章未提及experiment，research是通过analyzedtheseanswers得出的，故选A。40．细节理解题。根据题目定位到第四段第三行FinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegally可知根据这项研究，芬兰的司机更有可能撞上非法穿越马路的行人，故选C。41．细节理解题。根据人名定位到最后两段，最后一段Surveys…canhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidents可知BarbaraWege可能会同意无人驾驶汽车引发的事故可能会受到更多关注，B正确；A选项倒数第二段只提到causefeweraccidents,proportionally不等于greatlyimprove；C选项最后一段thatmightdeveloptrust可知C错误；D选项carmakersneedn’ttakerisk文章完全没有提及，故选B。

19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Peoplehavestrangeideasaboutfood.Forexample,thetomatoisakindofverydeliciousvegetable.Itisoneoftheusefulplantsthatcanbepreparedinmanyways.Ithasrichnutrition(营养)andvitamin(维他命)init.Butinthe18thcentury,Americansneveratetomatoes.Theygrewthemintheirgardensbecausetomatoplantsaresopretty.Buttheythoughtthevegetablewaspoisonous(有毒的).Theycalledtomatoes“poisonapples”.

President(总统)ThomasJefferson,however,knewthattomatoesweregoodtoeat.Hewasalearnedman.HehadbeentoParis,wherehelearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.Hegrewmanykindsoftomatoesinhisgarden.ThePresidenttaughthiscookawayforacreamoftomatosoup.ThisbeautifulpinksoupwasservedatthePresident’sparty.Thegueststhoughtthesouptastedreallygood.Theynever