合同翻译(重点)

TranslationofContracts（重点(zhòngdiǎn)）精品资料

8.1BasicConceptofContract

Anagreementbetweentwoormorepartiesthatisenforceablebylaw,alegallyenforceableandlegallybindingagreement.

Contractisalegallyenforceableagreement.

精品资料99年中国《合同法》:

ContractsreferredtointhisLawareagreementsestablishing,modifyingandterminatingthecivilrightsandobligationsbetweensubjectsofequalfooting,thatis,betweennaturalpersons,legalpersonsorotherorganizations.

合同英语属于庄重文体（frozenstyle），是各种英语文体中正式程度最高的一种。总体来说，这种正式性体现在内容(nèiróng)的专业性、语言的严谨性和结构的完整性等方面。精品资料Arecentdefinitionofcontractis“therelationsamongpartiestotheprocessofprojectingexchangeintothefuture.”Oneofthemeritsofthisdefinitionisthatitstressesthatacontractestablishesaninterrelationshipamongthecontractingpartiesthatisbroaderthantheirpromisesandagreement.精品资料8.2TheStructureofaContract/StandardizingtheStructure

8.2.1

Preamble

ofacontract

8.2.2

Mainbodyofacontract

8.2.3Finalclausesofacontract/witnessclause精品资料Howtocheckthecontracts?

*ValidityClauseofContracts

*DefinitionandWhereas

*AssignmentandGuaranty

*RescissionandTermination

*DefaultandEscape

*ArbitrationandJurisdiction

精品资料8.2.1Preambleofacontract

国际商务合同的前言部分，主要包括两个方面的内容：其一，说明合同签订的时间、地点以及合同双方的名称、营业地点、依某国某法成立和存在。其二，“鉴于条款”（whereasclause），说明签订合同的背景情况(qíngkuàng)以及签约的目的和原则。精品资料Example:(1)THISCONTRACT,madeandenteredintoin(placeofsignature)onthis__dayof__,20__,本合同于20__年__月__日在（签约地点）byandbetween(nameoftheparty),acorporationdulyorganizedandexistingunderthelawsof(nameofcountry)withitsdomicileat(address)(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA),由按（国家名称）法律组建成立的，营业地点在（公司地址）的_________公司（以下称作甲方）and(nameoftheparty),acompanyincorporatedandexistingunderthelawsof(nameofcountry)withitsdomicileat(address)(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB)，和按（国家名称）法律注册成立的、营业地点在（公司地址）的____________公司（以下简称乙方）共同(gòngtóng)签订.精品资料Exe.本合同由中国ABC公司，总公司设于中国上海（以下简称卖方）与美国XYZ公司，总公司设于美国纽约州纽约市（以下简称买方）于1998年3月29日订立于中国上海，双方同意按下述条件(tiáojiàn)买卖下列货物：Thiscontractismadethis29thdayofMarch,1998inShanghai,ChinabyandbetweenABCCorporation.China(hereinafterreferredtoas“Seller”),aCorporationhavingitsprincipalofficeinShanghai,Chinawhoagreestosell,andXYZCorporation(hereinafterreferredtoas“Buyer”),aCorporationhavingitsprincipalofficeinNewYork,USA,whoagreestobuythefollowinggoodsonthetermsandconditionsasbelow:精品资料Exe.

本合同由AA公司（以下称买方）和BB有限公司（以下称卖方）于2007年8月8日签定。凭此，买方同意(tóngyì)购买、卖方同意(tóngyì)出售本货物，其条款如下:ThisContractismadeonAugust8th,2007byandbetweenAACorporation(hereinafterreferredtoas“theBuyer”)andBBLtd.(hereinafterreferredtoas“theSeller”)wherebytheBuyeragreestobuyandtheSelleragreestosellthefollowinggoodsonthetermsandconditionsasfollows:精品资料PreambleofaContract双方同意按下述条款(tiáokuǎn)买卖下列货物.Bothpartiesagreetobuyandsellthefollowinggoodsonthetermsandconditionsasbelow.买方同意购买、卖方同意出售本货物，其条款(tiáokuǎn)如下.TheBuyeragreestobuyandtheSelleragreestosellthefollowinggoodsonthetermsandconditionsasfollows.精品资料WITNESSETHTHAT兹证明：WHEREASPartyAhasbeenaleadingtradingcompanyinthefieldofthesaidproductsandiswillingtoarrangethemanufacture,assemblyandmarketingofthesaidproducts,and鉴于____________________________________________________________WHEREASbothpartiesaredesiroustoestablishajointventurecompanytomanufacture,assembleandmarketthesaidproducts.鉴于_____________________________________________________________

NOW,THEREFORE,inconsiderationofthepremisesandmutualcovenantshereincontained,thepartiesheretoagreeasfollows:(NOW,therefore,thepartiesheretoagreeasfollows:)故双方经协商一致同意(tóngyì)如下：精品资料8.2.2.Mainbodyofacontract定义条款（Definitionclause)基本(jīběn)条款（Basicconditions)一般条款（Generaltermsandconditions)合同有效期限（Duration)终止(Termination)不可抗力（ForceMajeure)合同的让与（Assignment)仲裁（Arbitration)适用法律（governinglaw)诉讼管辖（Jurisdiction)通知手续（Notice)合同的修改（Amendment)其他（Others)精品资料Example2:Arbitration:AlldisputesarisingfromtheperformanceofthisContractshouldbesettledthroughfriendlynegotiation.一切因执行本合同引起的争议，均应由双方友好协商(xiéshāng)解决。Shouldnosettlementbereachedthroughnegotiation,thecaseshallbesubmittedforarbitrationintheCountrywherethedefendantresides.如协商(xiéshāng)不能解决，则应提交仲裁，仲裁应在被告所在国进行。精品资料IfthearbitrationtakesplaceinChina,thecaseshallbesubmittedtotheForeignTradeArbitrationCommissionoftheChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade,ShanghaiandthearbitrationrulesofthisCommissionshallbeapplied.如仲裁在中国，应提交上海中国国际贸易促进委员会对外贸易仲裁委员会，按照其仲裁规则进行(jìnxíng)仲裁。IfthearbitrationtakesplaceintheUSA,thecaseshallbesubmittedtotheForeignTradeArbitrationCommissionofCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade,N.Y.andthearbitrationrulesofthisarbitrationorganizationshallbeapplied.如仲裁在美国，应提交纽约国际贸易促进委员会对外贸易仲裁委员会，按照其仲裁规则进行(jìnxíng)仲裁。Theawardofthearbitrationshallbefinalandbindinguponbothparties.Thearbitrationfeeshallbebornbythelosingpartyunlessotherwiseawardedbythearbitrationorganization.该仲裁委员会的裁决为终局性的，对双方均有约束力，仲裁费用，除非仲裁委员会另有裁定，即由败方承担。精品资料Example1:

Penalty：(1)FailuretoMakeTimelyDelivery未按期交货(jiāohuò).IntheeventtheSellerforitsownsakefailstomakedeliveryofallthegoodsontimeasstipulatedinthiscontract,theSellershallpayapenaltytotheBuyer.如果卖方由于自身原因未能按合同规定按期交付全部货物，卖方应向买方支付违约金。(2)FailuretoTimelyOpentheLetterofCredit未按期开立信用证IntheeventthattheBuyerforitsownsakefailstoopentheLetterofCreditontimeasstipulatedinthiscontract,theBuyershallpayapenaltytotheSeller.如果买方由于自身原因未能按合同规定及时开立信用证，买方应支付卖方违约金。精品资料Arbitration仲裁(zhòngcái):有关本合同买卖双方之间所引起的任何纠纷，争议,或歧见,可付诸仲裁(zhòngcái)..Arbitration:Anydisputes,controversiesordifferenceswhichmayarisebetweenthepartiesinconnectionwiththisContractmaybereferredtoarbitration.精品资料Arbitration仲裁条款:(1)凡因履行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的任何争议,双方(shuāngfāng)应通过友好协商解决.如果通过协商仍不能达成协议时,应提交仲裁解决.(2)仲裁裁决是终局的,对双方(shuāngfāng)均有约束力.(3)除非仲裁委员会另有裁定,仲裁费用由败诉方负担.Arbitration:(1)AnydisputearisingfromtheexecutionorinconnectionwiththeContractshallbesettledthroughfriendlynegotiation.Incasenosettlementcanbereachedthroughnegotiation,thedisputeshallbesubmittedforarbitration(2)Thearbitrationawardshallbefinalandbindinguponbothparties.(3)Thearbitrationfeeshallbebornebythelosingpartyunlessotherwiseawardedbythecommission..精品资料Example3：ForceMajeureNeitherpartyshallbeheldresponsibleforfailureordelaytoperformalloranypartofthisContractduetoflood,fire,earthquake,snowstorm,hailstorm,hurricane,war,governmentprohibitionoranyothereventsthatareunforeseeableatthetimeoftheexecutionofthisContractandcouldnotbecontrolled,avoidedorovercomebysuchparty.任何一方如果由于洪水、火灾、地震、雪暴、雹暴、龙卷风、战争、政策禁令或其他在合同签订(qiāndìng)时无法预见并不能控制、不可避免或无法克服的事件致使不能或迟延履行合同的全部或一部分时，该方不承担责任。精品资料However,thepartywhoseperformanceisaffectedbytheeventofForceMajeureshallgiveanoticetotheotherpartyofitsoccurrenceassoonaspossibleandacertificateoradocumentoftheoccurrenceoftheForceMajeureeventissuedbytherelativeauthorityoraneutralindependentthirdpartyshallbesenttotheotherpartybyairmailnotlaterthan15daysafteritsoccurrence.但是，受不可抗力影响的一方(yīfānɡ)应立即通知另一方(yīfānɡ)，并不晚于事件发生后15天向另一方(yīfānɡ)航空邮寄有关当局或独立的中立第三方出具的发生此种事件的证明书或文件。精品资料ForceMajeure如果(rúguǒ)不可抗力事件持续120天以上,任何一方有权终止合同.IntheeventthatForceMajeurelastsover120days,bothpartiesshallhavetherighttoterminatethecontract.精品资料ForceMajeure因不可抗力(bùkěkànglì)致使卖方不能或推迟交货时,卖方不负责任.IncaseofForceMajeure,thesellershallnotbeheldresponsibleforlatedeliveryornon-deliveryofthegoods.由于战争,水灾,火灾,台风,地震或其他不可抗力(bùkěkànglì)原因,致使卖方不能在合同规定期限内交货或不能交货,卖方不负责任.IncaseofForceMajeuresuchaswar,fire,flood,typhoonandearthquakeorothereventsofForceMajeure,thesellershallnotbeheldresponsiblefordelayindeliveryornon-deliveryofthegoods.精品资料Example4.Claims:

Exceptthoseclaimsforwhichathirdpartyisliable,shouldthequality,specifications,quantity,weight,packingandrequirementsforsafetyorsanitation/hygieneofthegoodsbefoundnotinconformitywiththestipulationstothiscontract,theBuyershallgiveawrittennoticeofclaimstotheSellerandshallhavetherighttolodgeclaimsagainsttheSellerbasedontheInspectionCertificateissuedbytheInspectionOrganizationprovidedinClauses14.2tothisContractwithin21daysfromthedateofcompletionofunloadingofthegoodsattheportofunloading.Intheeventofnonconformity,theSellershallpromptlyrepairorreplacesuchgoodsorsupplythequantitythatisdeficient.精品资料除了第三方应负责任的索赔(suǒpéi)，如发现货物的质量、规格、数量、重量、包装及涉及安全或卫生/保健等方面和合同的规定不一致，买方应对卖方发出书面通知并有权根据第14条第2款中所述的有关检验当局出据的检验证书对卖方提出索赔(suǒpéi)。索赔(suǒpéi)应在卸货港卸货完成后21天内提出。如发生不一致，卖方应立即修理或更换这些货物或补充数量。精品资料IntheeventthattheBuyerdoesnotmakesuchclaimwithintheabove-mentionedtime-limit,theBuyershallforfeititsrighttomakeaclaimwithrespecttothequantitydeficiencyortheapparentqualitydefect.如果买方未在上述期限内提出索赔，则买方将视为放弃对货物数量不足或明显(míngxiǎn)的质量瑕疵索赔的权利。精品资料Example5.Termination:

合同的解除Exceptasprovidedelsewhere,thisContractmaybeterminatedineitherofthefollowingcases:除非另有约定，该合同将在下述情况下解除：1)Throughmutualwrittenagreementbybothparties;双方共同达成(dáchéng)书面协议；精品资料2)Iftheotherpartyfailstoperformitsobligationswithinthetime-limitagreeduponinthisContract,andfailstoeliminateorremedysuchbreachwithin7daysfollowingthereceiptofthenoticethereoffromthenon-breachingparty.如果另一方未能在合同约定的时间(shíjiān)内履行其义务，并且在收到未违约方通知后起七天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施精品资料Insuchcasethenon-breachingpartyshallgiveawrittennoticetotheotherpartytoterminatethisContract.在此情况(qíngkuàng)下，未违约方应书面通知违约方解除合同。精品资料8.2.3Finalclausesofacontract/witnessclause结尾条款主要(zhǔyào)应明确的内容有：合同使用的文字及其效力(Languagesinwhichthecontractistobewrittenanditsvalidity)。有时还应订立对合同进行修改或补充的内容，并明确在合同结尾规定附件为本合同不可分割的组成部分。(3)在合同结尾部分还应明确规定：合同在双方授权代表签字后正式生效。精品资料Example11.ThisContractismadeoutintwooriginals,eachcopywritteninChineseandEnglishlanguages,bothtextsbeingequallyvalid.Incaseofanydivergenceofinterpretation,theChinesetextshallprevail.本合同正文一式两份，分别以中文和英文书写，两种文本具有同等效力。若对其解释产生异议，则(将)以中文本为准。2.Anyamendmentand/orsupplementtothiscontractshallbevalidonlyaftertheauthorizedrepresentativesofbothpartieshavesignedwrittendocuments(s),formingintegralpart(s)ofthisContract.本合同的任何修改和补充，只有在双方授权的代表在书面文件上签字后才能生效，并成为(chéngwéi)本合同不可分割的组成部分。3.ThisContractshallcomeintoforceafterthesignaturesbytheauthorizedrepresentativesofbothparties.本合同将在双方授权代表签字后正式生效。精品资料Example2本合同的签署需在见证人出席(chūxí)下经双方签字.自买卖双方签署之日起生效。本合同用中文和英文两种文字写成,一式两份,双方各执一份.如中文本与英文本出现差异,以英文本为准.ThisContractshallbesignedbytheBuyerandtheSellerinthepresenceofwitnessandbeeffectedcommencingfromthedateofsigning.Thiscontractshallbemadeinduplicate,bothinEnglishandChineseandEachPartyshallkeeponecopy.IncaseofanydiscrepanciesbetweentheChineseandtheEnglishcopy,theEnglishcopyshallgovern.精品资料

Example3.本合同用中英文两种文字(wénzì)写成,两种文字(wénzì)具有同等效力,自双方代表签(盖章)之日起生效.

买方代表(签字):____________________卖方代表(签字):____________________ThisContractshallbewritteninChineseandEnglish.Bothversionsareequallyauthentic.ThisContractshallcomeintoeffectsincebeingsigned/sealedbybothparties.Represent