中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 说明文五（含答案）

…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………一、阅读理解（共5题）1、March21isWorldSleepDay.Herearesomefactsaboutsleep.SleepatadvisedtimesIn2021,theMinistryofEducation（MOE）advisedthatjuniorandseniorhighschoolstudentsshouldgotobedbefore10pmand11pmrespectively（分别的）.HowdoastronautssleepJustlikeonEarth,apersoninspacegoestobedatnightandthenwakesupthenextday.Butinspacethereisnoupordown,andyoudonotfeelthepullofgravity（重力）.Asaresult,astronautsusuallysleepinfixedsleepingbags.EarwormshappenwhilesleepingSomepeopleenjoylisteningtomusicalot.Whilewe’reawake,themusicweknowwellkeepsringinginourears,whichiscalledearworms（耳虫现象）.Thiscanhappenduringsleepaswell,whichcouldcauseproblemsingettingtosleepandstayingasleep.SleepwithyourpetPets,likedogsandcats,donotsleepcontinuouslyandtheywilloftengetupandwalkonthebed,whichcanmakeyousleepevenworse.Butrecentstudiesfoundthathavingpetsinthebedmayhelppeoplewhoareoftenworried.Thepets,likesofttoys,canhelpcutdowntheirworry.SockscanhelpussleepStudieshaveshownthatwearingsockstobedcanhelpyoufallasleepfaster!Handsandfeethelpexchange（交换）heatbetweenthefarendsofthebodyandtheheart.Wearingsocksmeansanincreaseofbloodtoyourhandsandfeet,whichcutsdownyourcore（核心的）bodytemperature.Thelowerthecorebodytemperatureis,thefasteryoufallasleep.41．AccordingtoMOE,juniorhighschoolstudentsshould_________.A．gotobedbefore10pmB．gotobedbefore11pmC．sleepatleast10hoursadayD．sleepatleast11hoursaday42．Whydoastronautssleepinfixedsleepingbags?A．Becausethereisnobedinthespacestation.B．Becausethereisnopullofgravityinspace.C．Becausesleepingbagsarecomfortable.D．Becausethespaceshipistoosmall.43．Accordingtothepassage,earwormscan________.A．bebadforsleepqualityB．improvemusicabilityC．helppeoplefallasleepquicklyD．appearonlyduringtheday44．Howdoeswearingsockshelpussleep?A．Bymakingfeetwarmerthanhands.B．Byincreasingbloodtohandsandfeet.C．Bymakingcorebodytemperaturehigher.D．Byexchangingheatbetweenhandsandfeet.45．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsleepistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．WorldSleepDayfallsinthefifthmontheachyear.B．Thesleepingbagisthebestchoiceforsleep.C．Sleepingwithpetshelpsworriedpeople.D．Musiccanhelppeoplesleeplonger.2、HaveyoueverimaginedyoursimpleT-shirtcouldactasanairconditioner(空调)onthosehotsummerdays?Thankstoadiscovery,thatpossibilityisgettingcloserandtheT-shirtmaysoonbefoundamongyourfavoriteclothingbrands.Twoinventorstookacompletelynewmethod.Theydesignedaspecialtextile(纺织品)thatcantakeinbodyheatandthensendouttheenergy.Thisnewtextilecoolsboththeobjectsandthingsaroundthemthroughatechnology.ThismeansthataT-shirtmadeofthistextilelookslikeanormalT-shirt,butactuallyitisadevice(设备)thatworkslikeamirror.Althoughthetechnologyisnotnewandhasbeenusedforyearstodesignplasticfilmsandspecialpaints,itsuseinthetextileindustryforthegoodofwearersisveryspecialandexciting.Thatisbecause,inthepast,themethodsweusedtodealwithheatthroughclotheswereonlythesuggestionsonwearinglightcolorsandchoosingbreathabletextiles.Butevenwhenthesesuggestionscanactuallyhelpyoufeelcool,theyaresimplynotenoughinthehottestseason.Thenewtextile,however,canreflectallkindsoflight,andthiscancontributetothecoolingprocess.Sothisdiscoveryisarealadvance.Rightnow,researchersstillneedtotestthenewmethodtoknowhoweffectively(有效)thenewtextileworkswhilethewearersarestandingorwalking,andnotdirectlyfacingthesky.TheyalsoneedtotesthowwellitworkswhenT-shirtsarenotclosetotheskin.Butit’sstillagreatsuccess.Thetwoinventorsarenowlookingoutforclothingbrandsthatareinterestedinusingtheirtextile.Oneinventorsaid,“Thenewmaterialwillincreaseclothingproducingcostsbyjust10percent.Wecanmakeitwithlargeproduction.EverybodycanaffordaT-shirtmadeofthistextileandthecostisbasicallythesameasanormalT-shirt’s.Itcandogoodtoeverybody.”27．Whatcanthenewtextiledo?A．Makewearersfeelcool.B．Makewearersfashionable.C．Getwearers’healthinformation.D．Testwearers’bodytemperatures.28．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“contributeto”meaninChinese?A．减缓B．促进C．接收D．扰乱29．Whatarethetwoinventorsdoingnow?A．Makingmoneybysellingthetextile.B．Tryingtousethetextileinotherfields.C．Tryingtofindoutmoresecretsofthetextile.D．Lookingforclothingbrandstousethetextile.30．What’sthebesttitle(标题)forthetext?A．APopularBrandB．TwoGreatInventorsC．ASpecialTextileD．LuckyWearers3、Canyouimagineacloudfloatinginthemiddleofyourroom?Doyouwanttoknowwhatitfeelsliketoflylikeabird?Here,wehavepickedoutfourinterestinginventionstosharewithyou.TalkingGlovesFourforeignstudentshavecreatedapairofgloves,andithelpspeopletocommunicatewithpeoplewhohavehearingandspeakingproblems.Theglovesareequippedwithsensors(传感器).Theyrecognizesignlanguageandtranslateitintotextonasmartphone.Thenthesmartphonechangesthetexttospokenwords.Thusyoucanunderstandsignlanguageeasily.GoogleGlassesGoogleGlassesarelikeacomputerbuiltintoapairofglasses.ThentheglassesallowyoutosurftheInternetandmakecallswithoutevenliftingafinger.TheglassesalsohaveacameraandGPSmappingsystem.Userscantakeandsharephotos,checkmapsandsurftheInternetjustbylookingup,down,leftandright.IndoorCloudsThat’sarealworld.Anartist,Smildemanagedtocreateasmallbutperfectwhitecloudinthemiddleofaroomusingafogmachine.Butitrequiredcarefulplanning—thetemperature,humidity(湿度)andlightingallhadtobejustright.Thecloudonlylastedforashortwhile,though.WingsuitsThesuitrealizesyourdreamofflyinglikeabird.Well,notexactlyflying,butgliding(滑翔)throughtheair.Itincreasesthesurfaceareaofthehumanbody,whichmakesiteasierforpeopletofloatintheair.Flierswearingwingsuitscanglideonekilometerinabout30seconds.41．Whatdo“TalkingGloves”helppeopletounderstand?A．Spokenwords.B．Signlanguage.C．Writtenwords.D．Thetextonthesmartphone.42．Howcanusersof“GoogleGlasses”surftheInternet?A．Byspeakingtotheglasses.B．Bytappingthekeyboard.C．Byliftingafinger.D．Bymovingtheeyeballs.43．Howdidtheartistcreateawhitecloudintheroom?A．Withafogmachine.B．Withrighttemperature.C．Withafogmachineandcarefulplanning.D．Withafogmachineandrightlighting.44．Whichofthefollowingcanhelpyoufly?A．TalkingGloves.B．Wingsuits.C．GoogleGlasses.D．IndoorClouds.45．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．FourInterestingInventionsB．FourFamousInventionsC．TheAdvantagesofFourInventionsD．FourDreamsoftheFuture4、Withelectricitypricescontinuingtoincrease,asmartmeter(表)showsyouhowmuchelectricityyou’reusinginpoundsandgetmoreexactbills.Whatisasmartmeterandhowdoesitwork?Asmartmeterisanewerkindofelectricitymeter.AllelectricityprovidersaresettingthemasapartofanupgradetotheUK’selectricitymarket.Besides,wesetupsmartPayAsYouGometers.Smartmeterscomewithanin-homeIHD．Hereyoucanseethereadings—howmuchelectricityyou’reusingandwhatitcosts.Smartmetersalsoprovideautomatic(自动的)meterreadings.Youjustneedtogetonesuchmeteranditwillautomaticallysendyourusetotheprovider.What’smore,we’llusethesmartmetertogiveyouapersonalexplanationofyourelectricityuse.We’llalsoshowyousomeadvicetohelpyousavemoneyandcutdownyourcarbonfootprint(碳排放量).Isitworthgettingasmartmeter?Therearethreemainadvantagestohaveasmartmeter:1.CompletecontrolSeehowmuchyou’reusinginrealtime.Thiscanhelpyoumakesmallchangestocutdownyourelectricityuse,aswellasyourbill.2.Trouble-savingYoursmartmeterwillsendreadingsautomatically.Thiswayyou’llgetmoreexactbillswithoutleavingthesofa.3.Low-carbonlifeUnderstandingwhereyourelectricitygoeswillencourageyoutothinkaboutyourcarbonfootprintandhowtoliveagreenerlife.32．Whatcanthesmartmeterdo?A．Providemoreelectricity.B．Showtheexactuseofelectricity.C．Increasethepriceofelectricity.D．Connectdifferentelectricityproviders.33．WhatisprobablyanIHD?A．Ascreentoshowthereadings.B．Aninstrumenttopayforthebills.C．Acomputertocontrolthesmartmeter.D．Anobjecttocutdowncarbonfootprint.34．Whatdoweknowaboutthesmartmeter?A．Itisprovidedforfree.B．Ithasn’tbeenputintouseyet.C．Itmaybewidelyused.D．Itcan’tsendreadingsinrealtime.35．Whoisthistextwrittenfor?A．Smartmeterproducers.B．Electricityproviders.C．Smartmetersellers.D．Electricityusers.5、Doyouhavedifficultyfallingasleepatnight?Ifso,hereisapieceofadviceforyou:Listentosomesoftmusic.Scientistshavefoundthatsoftmusiccanhelptoimprovesleepqualityandquantity（量）.Thisworksforsleepersofallages,andevenforthosewithsleepingproblems.Softmusiccanhelpusfallasleepbetter,wakeuplessduringthenightandfeelmorerelaxedinthemorning.Youmaynotnoticetheeffects（功效）overnight,though.Itcouldtakeasmanyas3weekstoseeanyimprovements.Whycansoftmusichelpussleepbetter?Thereasonsaren’tclearyet.Itmayconnectwiththerelaxingeffectofagoodsong.Musiccanhaverealphysicaleffects,too.Softmusiccanlowerourheartrate（心率）andslowdownourbreathing.Thispreparesusforsleep.Scientistssaythatformostpeople,musicthathas70beats（节拍）perminute（bpm）worksbest.Classical,jazzandfolkmusicareusuallymoreeffectivethanothermusicalstyles.Familiarsongsworkwell,too.Youmayneedtotesttomakeyourownplaylists.Ifyouarenotsurehowmanybeatsasonghasinaminute,youcanfindoutbyenteringitstitleinto.Andremembertogetvolume（音量）right.Makesurethatthefinalpieceisgraduallyslowingdown.Oryoumaybewokenupbythesuddensilence.It’sveryimportanttogetenoughhigh-qualitysleep.Beforeyougotobedtonight,playsomesoftmusic.Then,justpreparetoberockedofftodreamland.27．Itisfoundthatsoftmusiccan________sleep.A．helppeopleofallagesB．onlyhelppeopleundertheageof15C．onlyhelppeoplewithsleepingproblemsD．onlyhelppeoplewhoareexperiencinglotsofstress28．Accordingtothearticle,itmaytakeaslongas________beforeyounoticetheeffectsofsoftmusic.A．3hoursB．3nightsC．3weeksD．3months29．Howcanweworkouthowmanybeatsasonghasinaminute?A．Bycomparingitwitha70-bpmsong.B．Byenteringthesong’stitleinto.C．Byfindingoutwhetheritcanhelpusfallasleep.D．Bycountingourheartrateswhilelisteningtothesong.30．Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A．Peoplewithsleepingproblems.B．Theroleofmusicinourdailylives.C．Howsoftmusiccanimproveoursleep.D．Theimportanceofgettingenoughsleep.============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、A

42．B

43．A

44．B

45．C【导语】本文主要介绍了关于睡眠的一些事实。41．细节理解题。根据“juniorandseniorhighschoolstudentsshouldgotobedbefore10pm”可知初中生晚上10点前要睡觉。故选A。42．细节理解题。根据“youdonotfeelthepullofgravity（重力）.Asaresult,astronautsusuallysleepinfixedsleepingbags”可知太空中没有重力，所以宇航员睡在睡袋里。故选B。43．细节理解题。根据“Thiscanhappenduringsleepaswell,whichcouldcauseproblemsingettingtosleepandstayingasleep”可知耳虫现象会造成睡觉问题，所以对睡眠质量有不好的影响。故选A。44．细节理解题。根据“Wearingsocksmeansanincreaseofbloodtoyourhandsandfeet”可知穿袜子意味着手脚血液增加，这会降低你的核心体温。故选B。45．细节理解题。根据“Butrecentstudiesfoundthathavingpetsinthebedmayhelppeoplewhoareoftenworried”可知和宠物睡觉可能会帮助那些经常担心的人。故选C。2、27．A

28．B

29．D

30．C【导语】本文讲述一种新的纺织品，讲述新纺织品可以让人在夏天感觉凉爽。27．推理判断题。根据第一段“yoursimpleT-shirtcouldactasanairconditioneronthosehotsummerdays?Thankstoadiscovery,thatpossibilityisgettingcloserandtheT-shirtmaysoonbefoundamongyourfavoriteclothingbrands”及第二段“cantakeinbodyheatandthensendouttheenergy”可知，新的纺织品可以吸收身体的热量然后释放。可推断新纺织品可以让穿衣服的人感觉凉爽。故选A。28．词义猜测题。根据“Thenewtextile,however,canreflectallkindsoflight”及“thisdiscoveryisarealadvance”可知，这项新的防线是一项进步，讲述的是这种新的纺织品的好的方面，可推断短语“contributeto”表达“促进，有利于”。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thetwoinventorsarenowlookingoutforclothingbrandsthatareinterestedinusingtheirtextile”可知，发明者现在正在寻找对使用这种新的纺织品感兴趣的衣服品牌商。故选D。30．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述的是一种新的纺织品，标题可概括为“ASpecialTextile”。故选C。3、41．B

42．D

43．C

44．B

45．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。41．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thusyoucanunderstandsignlanguageeasily.”可知，“TalkingGloves”帮助人们去理解手语。故选B。42．推理判断题。根据第三段“Userscan...surftheInternetjustbylookingup,down,leftandright.”可知，用户只需向上、向下、向左、向右看就可以上网，即通过移动眼球的方式上网。故选D。43．细节理解题。根据第四段“Anartist,Smildemanagedtocreateasmallbutperfectwhitecloudinthemiddleofaroomusinga