中考英语语法专题复习-被动语态PPT

★掌握一般现在时、一般过去时的被动语态，（预习）一般将来时和带有can，may，must等情态动词的被动语态的构成和基本用法。

It’sveryimportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.Everydaymanytreesare

cutdown.Wasteisthrownaway.Theairis

polluted.Wastewaterispouredintorivers.Wildanimalsarekilled……

保护环境对于我们来说很重要.每天树木在被砍伐.空气被污染.废物被乱扔.污水被排放到河里.野生动物被杀……

观察下列句子并总结.1.Manytreesarecutdown.2.Wasteisthrownaway.3.Theairispolluted.4.Wastewaterispouredintorivers.5.Wildanimalsarekilled……一般现在时的被动语态:

am/is/are+过去分词Exercise:Thebottle__________(fill)withhotwater.瓶子里装满了热水。2.Cameras_________(use)fortakingphotos.相机是用来照相的.areusedisfilled3.Theclassroomisverycleanandit__________(clean)byuseveryday.4.Thetoysinthesupermarket________(make)inChina.

5.Beijingisabeautifulcityandit_________(visit)bymanypeopleeveryyear.

iscleanedaremadeisvisited

Thoughmomwasn’tathomelastnight,LilyandTedstillhadagooddinner.ThevegetableswerecutbyTed.Thefoodwas

cookedbyLily.Andafterthesupper,thedisheswerewashedbyLily.Thetablewas

wiped（擦）byTed.Thekitchenwascleanedbythemtwo.

尽管妈妈昨晚没在家，丽丽和泰德仍然吃了一顿很好的晚餐。菜是被泰德切的。食物是被丽丽煮的。晚饭后，碗是被丽丽洗的。桌子是被泰德打扫的。厨房被他们打扫干净。

观察下列句子并总结.1.ThevegetableswerecutbyTed.2.ThefoodwascookedbyLily.3.ThedisheswerewashedbyLily.4.ThetablewaswipedbyTed.5.Thekitchenwascleanedbythemtwo.一般过去时的被动语态:

was/were+过去分词Exercise:1.Anewmachine_______________(invent)lastmonth.一种新型机器上个月被发明。2.They___________(ask)aquestionbytheteacheryesterday.

昨天他们被老师问了一个问题。

wereaskedwasinvented

3.Thebook_____________(write)byhimlastyear.4.Ourschoolhasalonghistory.Andit___________(build)in1958.5.Manystudents___________(send)toAmericatostudybyourschoollastyear.

weresentwasbuiltwaswritten

Summary1一现被：Manytreesarecutdown.

2一过被：ThefoodwascookedbyLily.am/is/are+过去分词was/were+过去分词主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Ourclassroomiscleaned主语谓语宾语byuseveryday结构：主动语态：主语＋谓语＋宾语

被动语态：主语be+过去分词by+宾语即:、主变宾、宾变主,谓语动词变被动。”(注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语)[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。且be动词和新主语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。②如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词by的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。归纳总结方法

把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、、”来进行。即：①变－－－把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。②套－－－根据原句的时态套用相应时态。③注意－－注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例①ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishbymanypeople.②Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.Hisshoesbyhimyesterday.isspokenwerewashed一变二套三注意把主动语态变成被动语态1.ShewaterstheflowerseverydayTheflowersarewateredbyhereveryday.3.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool.Theirhomeworkisdonebythemafterschool.

2.I

bought

acomputerlastterm．Acomputer

wasbought(byme)lastterm.Stepfour:阅读训练（内容在讲义中）Stepfive:让学生把本节课所学内容总结在笔记本上(在老师指导下）ThankyouforyourlisteningPractice1.Thesickboy______tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday. A.istakenB.wastakenC.takes D.took2.Thisschoolhasalonghistory.It____100yearsago.A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.hasbuilt

BC_____________________________3.TheOlympicGames____everyfouryears.

A.areheldB.wereheld

C.areholdingD.willhold.

4.-Who’sthelittleboyinthephoto,Susan?

-It’sme.Thisphoto____tenyearsago.

A.takesB.istaken

C.tookD.wastaken

AD__________________1.Thechildren____nottosmoke.A.aretoldB.toldC.tellD.aretelling2.English___byabout400millionpeopleintheworld.A.isspokenB.speaksC.speakD.arespoken3.Itissaidthatanewschool____heresoon.A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.isbuilding4.-MayIuseyourbike?-I’mafraidyoucan’t.

Itmust____now.A.repairB.berepairedC.repairedD.isrepaired5.Thisfamoustowerhasalonghistory.It____morethan300years.A.buildsB.builtC.bebuiltD.wasbuilt

AACBD_____________

观察下列句子并总结.1.Somenewbuildingswillbe

builtsoon.2.Moreimportantmeetings

willbeheldhere.3.Itwillbevisitedbymanypeople.4.Itwillbe

lovedbymoreandmorepeople.5.Webelieveitwillbeknownbythepeopleallovertheworld.1.Theletter________________(post)tomorrow.

这封信明天将被寄走.2.Anewfilm________________________(show)nextweek.

一部新电影下周将被上演.一般将来时的被动语态:

will+be+过去分词Practice:willbepostedwillbeshown/showed

观察下列句子并总结.1.Noeatinganddrinkingcan

beallowedinthechemistrylab.2.Thewastepapershouldbethrownintothepaperbasket.3.Nothingmay

betouchedwithoutpermission.4.Everythingmustbeputbackaftertheexperiment.5.Thelabshouldbekeptclean.

3.Thehardwork________________(finish)tomorrowandthenwe’llhaveatwo-dayoff.4.Aparty______________(hold)forgrandma’sbirthdaynextweek.5.Shehasmovedtothenewbuilding.Heroldhouse______________(sell)soon.

willbefinishedwillbeheldwillbesoldRulesfortheChemistryLab1.Noeatinganddrinkingcanbeallowedinthechemistrylab.2.Wastepapershouldbethrownintothepaperbasket.3.Nothingmaybetouchedwithoutpermission(允许).4.Everythingmustbeput

backaftertheexperiment.5.Thelabshouldbekeptclean.在实验室里吃和喝不能被允许.实验室应该被保持整洁.废纸应该被扔进纸篓里.

不得到允许,什么都不能(被)摸.实验后每样东西必须被放回.

3.Theyoungtreesmust____________(look)afterwell.4.Wildanimalsshould_____________(protect).5.Theraisingoftheflagcan_________(see)everymorningatTiananmenSquare.

belookedbeprotectedbeseen人民所了解。

ChaoYangisveryfamousbothinBeijingandinChina.Somenewbuildingswillbe

builtsoon.Moreimportantmeetings

willbeheldhere.Itwillbevisitedbymanypeople.Itwillbe

lovedbymoreandmorepeople.Webelieveitwillbeknownbythepeopleallovertheworld.朝阳在北京和中国都很著名。新的建筑很快将被修建。更多重要会议将在这里被召开。它将被许多的人参观。它将被越来越多的人所热爱。我们相信它将被全世界

在被动语态中要注意的问题

一些使役动词(let,have,make等)或感官动词(see,hear,watch,notice等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，要补上to。如：Thebossmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday.Theworkersaremadetowork18hoursadaybytheb