2023年职称英语考试综合类阅读经典习题四

(十)SmugglingItisnotunusualforapettobesentbyaircargofromColombiatoNewYork,butlastDecember'sshipmentofa4-year-oldsheepdogcaughtaNewYorkKennedyAirportCustomsinspector'seye.Thedoglookedtobeonitslastlegs,andtherewasanunusuallumponthesideofitsbody.AnX-rayandemergencysurgeryrevealedthepresenceof10condomstightlypackedwithfivepoundsofcocainethathadbeensurgicallyimplantedinthedog'sabdomen-yetanotherfirstforCustomsinthewarondrugs.Whenitcomestotransportingdrugs,themethodsusedareonlyaslimitedasasmuggler'simagination.Kilobricksofcocaineareroutinelyconcealedbeneathfalsebottomsofcontainersthatholdpoisonoussnakes."You'vegotsnakesthatare12feetlong,"saysaUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceagent-andsometimesthedrugisinthesnake."Who'sgoingtopullitoutandfeelit?"In1994,UnitedStatesCustomsseized204,391poundsofcocaine,559,286poundsofmarijuanaand2,577poundsofheroin.Justhowmuchactuallyflowsintothecountryisanyone'sguess.Somecustomsofficialsestimatethatonly10percentofthedrugscomingintothecountryareeverseized.InMiami,theDistrictAttorneywon'tevenprosecutesmallfry."It'sgottobeoverfivekilosofcocaine,aboveakiloofheroinandmorethan5,000poundsofmarijuanaorit'snotsomethingthatwe'regoingtostopthepresseson,"saysTomCash,aretiredagent.Giventhisdeluge,onecanonlywonderifagentsareeverconfoundedbysomeofthesmugglingmethods."Therearethingswehaven'tseenbefore,"saysJohnMcGhee,aMiamiCustomsspecialagent,"butnothingreallysurprisesus."1.ThedogwasdifferentfromothersinthatA)itcouldstandonlyonitshindlegs.B)ithadonlytwolegsC)itwasveryattractiveD)ithadaverybigabdomen2.Howmanymethodsareusedtotransportdrugs?A)Asmanyasasmugglercanthinkof.B)Beyondthesmuggler'simagination.C)Onlyalimitednumber.D)Onlyafew.3.HowmanypoundsofheroinwereestimatedtobesmuggledintotheUnitedStatesin1994?A)204,391B)2,577C)25,770D)559,2864.Whichofthefollowingcouldbestreplacetheexpression"smallfry"inthethirdparagraph?A)Smalldogs.B)Smallsheepdogs.C)SmallsmugglersD)Smallringleaders.5.Whatisthisarticleabout?A)DrugtransportationfromColumbiatoNewYork.B)Anewmethodfordrugsmuggling.C)VarieddrugtransportationmethodsD)Typesofdrug.KEY：DACCC(十一)LifeintheUniverseManyscientiststodayareconvincedthatlifeexistselsewhereintheuniverse---lifeprobablymuchlikethatonourownplanet.Theyreasoninthefollowingway.Asfarasastronomerscandetermine,theentireuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthesamelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthatotherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninthesamewayasourownsolarsystem.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewherevertheproperconditionsexist.Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere.Thiseliminatesallthoseplanetsintheuniversethatarenotaboutthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Asmallerplanetwouldloseitsatmosphere;alargeronewouldholdtoomuchofit.Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareupsuddenly.Onlysinglestarsthataresteadysourcesofheatandlightlikeoursunwouldqualify.Finally,lifecouldevolveonlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun.Withaweakersunthanourown,theplanetwouldhavetobeclosertoit.Withastrongersun,itwouldhavetobefartheraway.Ifwesupposethateverystarintheuniversehasafamilyofplanets,thenhowmanyplanetsmightsupportlife?First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Nexteliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.Itmaynothavebegunyet,oritmayhavealreadydiedout.Thisprocessofeliminationseemstoleaveveryfewplanetsonwhichearthlikelifemightbefound.However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.1.AstronomersbelievethatmatterindifferentpartsoftheuniverseA)hasdifferentlaws.B)hasonecommonlaw.C)sharesthesamelawsD)sharesnocommonlaw.2.TheexistenceoflifedependsonallofthefollowingfactorsEXCEPTA)therightamountofatmosphere.B)ourownsolarsystem.C)steadyheatandlightD)therightdistancefromthesun.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A)Theplanetmustbeasbigandheavyastheearth.B)ProperconditionsareessentialtotheexistenceoflifeC)Doublestarscanprovidesteadylightandheat.D)Thedistancebetweenaplanetanditssunshouldberight.4.WhatkindofplanetmightNOTsupportlife?A)Mostoftheplanetsofthestars.B)Starssimilartooursun.C)Planetssimilartotheearth.D)Planetswithproperconditions.5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorsuggeststhatA)itisimpossibleforlifetoexistonplanets.B)earthlikelifecouldonlyexistonafewplanets.C)lifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion.D)lifecouldexistonagreatnumberofplanets.KEY:CBCAD(十二)TheBarbieDollsInthemid1940’s,theyoungambitiousduoRuthandElliotHandler,ownedacompanythatmadewoodenpicturesframes.Itwasin1945thatRuthandElliotHandlerjoinedwiththeirclosefriendHaroldMattsontoformacompanythatwouldbeknownforthemostfamousandsuccessfuldollevercreated.ThiscompanywouldbenamedMattel,MATTforMattson,andELforElliot.Inthemid1950’s,whilevisitingSwitzerland,RuthHandlerpurchasedaGermanLillidoll.Lilliwasashapely,prettyfashiondollfirstmadein1955.ShewasoriginallyfashionedafterafamouscartooncharacterintheWestGermanNewsletter,Build.LilliisthedollthatwouldinspireRuthHandlertodesigntheBarbiedoll.WiththehelpofhertechniciansandengineersatMattel,Barbiewasborn.RuththenhiredCharlotteJohnson,afashiondesigner,tocreateBarbie’swardrobe.Itwasin1958thatthepatentforBarbiewasobtained.Thiswouldbeafashiondollunlikeanyofhertime.Shewouldbelonglimbed,shapely,beautiful,andonly11.5inchestall.RuthandElliotwouldnametheirnewfashiondollaftertheirowndaughter,Barbie.In1959,theBarbiedollwouldmakeherwaytotheNewYorkToyShowandreceiveacoolreceptionfromthetoybuyers.Barbiehasundergonealotofchangesovertheyearsandhasmanagedtokeepupwithcurrenttrendsinhairstyles,makeupandclothing.Sheisareflectionofthehistoryoffashionsinceherintroductiontothetoymarket.Barbiehasauniversalappealandcollectorsbothyoungandoldenjoytimespentandmemoriesmadewiththeirdolls.1.WhenRuthandE