2021年湖北宜昌中考英语试卷真题及答案详解（精校版）

试卷第=page88页，共=sectionpages88页试卷第=page77页，共=sectionpages88页2021年湖北省宜昌市初中学业水平考试英语试题（本试卷共46小题,满分80分,考试时间90分钟。）注意事项∶本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分,请将答案写在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内,写在试题卷上无效。考试结束,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分语言知识运用（共两节,满分25分）第一节（共15小题,每小题1分,计15分）完形填空∶先通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。AgroupofboysfromaprimaryschoolsoccerteaminAnshun,GuizhouProvince,aredoingdailytrainingontheplayground.Theteamwasmade____1____theirP.E.teacherMr.Zeng.AndtheirheadmasterMr.Xiongalso____2____alot.Althoughthememberspractice2hourseveryday,playingsoccerdoesnot____3____theirstudiesorfarmwork.Mostoftheseboys’parentsworkinbigcitiesfarfromthevillage.Inthepast,theywereafraidofshowingthemselvesinpublic,____4____nowthroughsoccer,theyhavebecomeoutgoing,activeandbrave.Andtheirskillsinsoccerhaveimprovedrapidlybyworkinghard.Inashorttime,theyhave____5____theotherteamsfromnearbyschoolsinthecity.Toopen____6____minds,Mr.Xiongencouragedthemtojoinina“Who’stheKing”nationalsoccergame.Theydidnotplaywellinthe____7____.However,withthephysicaladvantagesthey____8____thegame.Unluckily,theywereshortof____9____insuchcompetitions,sotheyfinallylost1-0.____10____,afterMr.Zengmovedtoanotherschool,MissYutookhisplace.Theyoungteacherwhowasbornin1985__11__toteachthere.SheistheirsoccercoachandalsoteachesthemEnglish,mathandother____12____.Tohersurprise,thesevillageboysarenotlike____13____shethought.Shesaysthateverytimetheteamtravelstoanothercitytotakepartinasoccergame,thekidsarejustvery____14____inthemselves.Soccergivesthesekidsa____15____toseethewonderfulthingsoftheoutsideworld.Anditmakesthemstronglybelievethattheywouldgobeyond（在另一边）themountainsoneday.1．A．in B．by C．from D．of2．A．celebrated B．changed C．supported D．achieved3．A．influence B．shake C．afford D．cover4．A．or B．so C．for D．but5．A．directed B．compared C．beaten D．interviewed6．A．her B．our C．his D．their7．A．end B．beginning C．middle D．process8．A．controlled B．passed C．finished D．recorded9．A．experience B．development C．progress D．information10．A．Now B．Later C．Before D．Firstly11．A．invited B．volunteered C．remembered D．dared12．A．challenges B．choices C．purposes D．subjects13．A．how B．when C．what D．where14．A．confident B．talented C．interested D．rich15．A．rule B．role C．chance D．result第二节（共10小题,每小题1分,计10分）综合填空根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。Whenwesay“wethrewsomethingout,”whatdowereallymean?Afterall,ourwastedoesn’tjustdisappearevenifitistakena___16___.Sowhynotrecycleit?Haveyoueverusednewspaperswhenyoucleanthewindows?Ifyouhaven’t,pleasetry!Ididn’tbelieveitwhenI___17___（听到）andreadthat.Ithoughtthattheywouldcertainlyleaveink（墨汁）orbitsofpaperbehind.Actually,Iwassowrong.Ihavehadclearerwindowsthanbefores___18___Itriedit.Whenwementioncleaningproducts,wehavetotalkaboutpapertowels（手巾）.Iused__19__thinkmorepapertowelsmeantacleanerhome.Ilovedtheideaofcleaningwiththefreshwhitepaperandthenthrowing__20__out.ButnowIknowthatIhavetos__21__usingpapertowels,becausepapertowelsareahugewasteproblem.Cuttingoutpapertowelswouldsave___22___（树）,water,airandourmoney.Recently,myfamilyandIhavestartedcollectingallold___23___（衣服）,andthencutthemintopieces.Gettingonepiecetodosomecleaninghasbecomeourn___24___habit.Ithoughtthatitwouldbesuch___25___uneasythingtobreaka30-year-oldhabit.Whatever,itreallyisthemostmeaningfulthingthatIhavedoneduringalongtime.第二部分阅读与写作（共四节,满分55分）第一节（共10小题,每小题2分,计20分）阅读下面两篇短文,根据短文内容选择最佳答案。AJonny,a15-year-oldstudent,ischeckinghisdad’soldjacket.Hesays,“You’re45.Dad,you’renevergoingtowearthisagain.CanIhaveit?”Keithhashadabaddayatwork,andheisfeelingold.AndJonnyhashithispain.Keithraiseshisvoiceandsays,“What?YoumeanI’mtoooldtowearthejacketagain?”Jonnyfeelslikethishascomeoutofnowhere,andnowhefeelshurt.ButIonlyasked,“Whyareyoushoutingatme?”“ButIdon’tlikebeingtreatedasthoughI’mtooold.”Bothofthemfeelabitupset.Haveyoueverhadasimilarargumentwiththepeoplearoundyou?Herearesometipsforyoutorememberwhenyou’regettingmad.●Acceptyourfeelingsandconsidertheotherperson’sfeelings.Thatmeansnotalwaysmakingyourself“right”or“clever”andtheotherperson“wrong”or“stupid”.●Explainyourselfandnottheotherperson,soyoucanspeakoutyourideasbystartingwith“I”butnot“You”.●Don’talwayshavetoreflectbeforereacting（回应）.Ifyoufeelangry,Ithinkit’sagoodideatostopforamomentandunderstandwhy.●Don’tdecidethepurposeoftheotherpersonbyyourguessing.Trytoworkoutwhatheorsheisfeeling,andadmit（承认）itifyouwerewrong.Don’tforgetthatit’snevertoolatetostartthewaysofcommunicating.26．Fromthepassage,wecanknowJonny________.A．isschoolboy B．doesn’tlikehisdadC．thinkshisdadistooold D．wantshisdad’snewjacket27．Jonnyfelthurtbecausehisdad________.A．hitispain B．hadabusydag C．likedthejacket D．wasangrywithhim28．Toavoidanargument,thewritergivesus________suggestions.A．2 B．3 C．4 D．529．Accordingtothepassage,ifyouwanttoexpressyourideas,you’dbetterbeginlikethis:“________”.A．Youmisunderstoodme… B．Iknowhowyoufeel,but…C．They’redifferentfromus… D．Thingsaren’tthesame…30．Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe________.A．LearntoAdmitYourMistakesBravelyB．BePatientwiththePeoplearoundYouC．AnArgumentbetweenaFatherandaSonD．GoodWaysofCommunicationAreImportantBWhenwefirstmovedhere,wedidn’thaveagarden.MikeandItalkedaboutmakingalargevegetablegardensomewhereinouryard,butwecouldn’tagreeonwhere.Beforewewentaheadanddugupthegrass,wespentsometimethinkingaboutwhereitwouldworkbest.Atlast,wechoseanoldsandbox（沙坑）inourfrontyardtobecomeourgarden.Wedreamedaboutalivelygardenwithlotsofvegetables.Weaskedmanypeoplewhatweshoulddototurnthissandboxintoaspace,thenplantscangrowinit.Andtheygaveuslotsofideas.Mysisterwasthemostknowledgeable,sowelistenedmostlytoher.Atfirst,Mikemadeawoodfence（栅栏）andIpainteditwiththekids.Wechoseadarkercolorbecauseitwouldfitourlightgreyhouse.Next,Mikedug17holes.Thenwefilledthemwithsoil（土壤）.Itwasstilltoocoldtoplantanything,sofordaysIjuststaredoutthewindowattheseholes.Tome,itlookedmuchtoountidy.Iadvisedtofillthoseholesbackanddignewones.Thistimeweendedupwith10.Muchbetter.Overthenextfewweeks,Iworkedongettingeverythingplantedinmygarden.Istartedbyplantinggreenonion.ButIwastooexcitedandplantedittooearly.Rightawayitwasclearthatitwasn’tgoingtosurvive.Ihadtogiveitupandtrysomethingelse.Thenmynextdoorneighborgavemeredrosestoputinmygarden.Afewdayslaterwewenttoagreenhouseandcamebacknotwithgreenonionbutpeppers,tomatoesandsoon.Clearlythevegetableandflowergardenwasslowlybecomingourdreamgarden.Ohwell!Ilovethewayitturnedout.Thisgardenwillalwaysremindmeofmysister.31．Whenthewriterfirstarrivedathernewhouse,she________.A．hadalargeflowergardenB．dugupthegrassinheryardC．talkedaboutmakingsandboxD．wantedagardenwithvegetables32．Whydidthewritersuggestfillingthefirst17holesback?A．Becauseshelistenedtohersister.B．Becausetheweatherwastoocold.C．Becausethegardenlookedlikeamess.D．Becausethekidscoulddigbetterones.33．What’stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph4?A．存活 B．传播 C．嫁接 D．爬藤34．Whichoneistherightorderofbuildingthegardenaccordingtothepassage?a.Webuiltthefenceandpaintedit.b.Wecollectedmuchothers’advice.c.Wepreparedtheplantsthatwewanted.d.Wedecidedontheplaceofthegarden.e.Wedugseveralholesandfilledthemwithsoil.A．b-d-a-e-c B．d-b-a-e-c C．d-e-c-a-b D．b-a-d-e-c35．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Whywasthewriterthankfultohersister?B．Whatdidthefamilyplantintheirgarden?C．Howdidthefamilymaketheirdreamgarden?D．Whospenttimewiththewriterinthegarden?第二节（共5小题,每小题2分,计10分阅读短文，将五个句子还原到短文当中。Weiqi,asanoldboardgame,wasinventedinChinamorethan2,500yearsago.And___36___.Theplayingpiecesarecalledstones.Oneplayerusesthewhitestonesandtheother,black.Theplayerstaketurnsplacingthestonesonthegameboard.Asweknow,___37___.Thestonesareplacedonthem.Weiqiisalsocalledgointheworld.Learningitcannotonlyimprovepeople’slogical(逻辑的)thinkingability,butalso___38___.That’swhyitismoreandmorepopularwithmodernpeople.IntheSuiandTangDynasties,WeiqitraveledtoJapan.andthentoEuropeinthe19thcentury.Nowithasgrownintoanimportantinternationalcompetitionevent.Sofar,___39___.Amongthem,playersfromChina,JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestlevelofWeiqi.OnFebruary19,theChinese-EnglishDictionaryofWeiqiTerms(术语)cameoutinBeijing.It’sthefirstprofessionaldictionaryaboutWeiqiinChina.AsasymbolofChineseculture,___40___.Italsohasitsownwayofthinkingandthemethodofcommunicating.ThedictionarywillserveasanecessarytoolandbridgeforspreadingWeiqiculture.A．WeiqihasitsspeciallanguageB．thegameisplayeduntiltodayC．itcandeveloptheircalmcharacterD．theboardsurfacehas361crosspointsE．peoplefromover40countrieshaveplayedit第三节（共5小题,每小题2分,计10分）根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。41．总而言之，只要你留心观察，生活处处充满美好。（all）________________,lifeisalwaysfullofbeautyaslongasyouwatchcarefully.42．许多青少年钦佩像袁隆平那样的科学家，希望成为像他们一样的人。（look）Manyteenagers________________thescientistslikeYuanLongpingandhopetobelikethem.43．依我之见，多阅读是提高语言能力的秘诀之一。（secret）Inmyopinion,readingmoreisoneof______________improvingyourlanguageability.44．登陆火星比我们想象中要难得多，但我们做到了。（difficult）LandingonMarswas_________________thanweimagined,butwemadeit.45．孩子们在学校已经多次接受过安全教育了。（get）Children____________________safetyeducationmanytimesatschool.第四节书面表达（共1题,计15分）46．假如你是国际学校的学生李华，学校正在为一年一度的艺术节招募表演者和志愿服务者。请你根据自己的意愿，给负责人Mr.Smith写一封邮件推荐自己，并为学校艺术节提出1～2条合理建议。内容包括：●意愿及理由●具体打算●合理建议要求∶1.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名;2.词数80词左右，开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearMr.Smith,I’mwritingtotellyouwhatIwanttodofortheartfestival.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookforwardtoyourreplysoon.Yours,LiHua答案第=page88页，共=sectionpages88页答案第=page77页，共=sectionpages88页1．B2．C3．A4．D5．C6．D7．B8．A9．A10．B11．B12．D13．C14．A15．C【分析】本文讲述了一群农村足球队的孩子们在老师的支持和陪伴下，坚持在学校练习踢足球，并且经常和其他的足球队进行比赛，志愿老师看到这些孩子的精神面貌感到很吃惊，因为他们在去其他城市比赛时表现得很自信，这些孩子们坚信总有一天他们会走出这里。1．句意：这个队是由他们的体育老师曾老师组建的。in在……里；by由；from从；of……的。根据“Theteamwasmade…theirP.E.teacherMr.Zeng”可知，此处用bemadeby表示“由……组成的”，故选B。2．句意：他们的校长熊老师也给予了很大的支持。celebrated庆祝；changed改变；supported支持；achieved达到。根据“AndtheirheadmasterMr.Xiongalso…alot”可知，校长也支持这件事情，故选C。3．句意：踢足球不影响他们的学习和农活。influence影响；shake动摇；afford买得起；cover覆盖。根据“Althoughthememberspractice2hourseveryday”可知，尽管每天练习两个小时，但是踢足球并不影响他们的任何事情，故选A。4．句意：但是现在，通过足球，他们变得开朗，积极和勇敢。or或者；so所以；for为了；but但是。根据“Inthepast”及“now”可知，此处是拿现在和过去进行对比，表转折关系，故选D。5．句意：在很短的时间里，他们打败了城市附近学校的其他球队。directed指导；compared比较；beated击败；interviewed采访。根据“theotherteams”可知，此处指击败了其他的球队，故选C。6．句意：为了开放他们的思想，熊老师鼓励他们参加一场名为“谁是国王”的全国足球赛。her她的；our我们的；his他的；their他们的。根据“them”可知，此空应填their，修饰名词minds，故选D。7．句意：他们开始踢得不好。end结束；beginning开始；middle中间；process过程。根据“However,withthephysicaladvantagesthey…thegame”可知，刚开始踢得不好，后来发挥出优势，故选B。8．句意：然而，凭借身体上的优势，他们控制了比赛。controlled控制；passed通过；finished完成；recorded记录。根据“withthephysicaladvantagesthey…thegame”可知，凭借自己的优势控制了比赛，故选A。9．句意：不幸的是，他们缺乏此类比赛的经验。experience经验；development发展；progress进步；information信息。根据“Unluckily”及“sotheyfinallylost1-0.”可知，因为缺乏经验所以输了，故选A。10．句意：后来，曾老师转到了另一所学校，于老师接替了他的位置。Now现在；Later后来；Before在……之前；Firstly首先。根据“afterMr.Zengmovedtoanotherschool”可知，此处讲述后来发生的事情，故选B。11．句意：这位1985年出生的年轻教师自愿在那里任教。invited邀请；volunteered志愿；remembered记得；dared敢于。根据“Theyoungteacherwhowasbornin1985…toteachthere”可推断，这位老师是自愿到农村教学，故选B。12．句意：她是他们的足球教练，也教他们英语、数学和其他科目。challenges挑战；choices选择；purposes目的；subjects学科。根据“English,math”可知，此处指其他的学科，故选D。13．句意：令她吃惊的是，这些乡村男孩并不像她所想的那样。how怎样；when何时；what什么；where哪里。此空是作动词thought的宾语，应用what引导宾语从句，故选C。14．句意：孩子们对自己很有信心。confident自信的；talented有天赋的；interested有趣的；rich富有的。根据“Anditmakesthemstronglybelievethattheywouldgobeyond（在另一边）themountainsoneday.”可知，孩子们出去参加比赛时，都很自信，他们坚信自己有一天会走出大山，故选A。15．句意：足球给了这些孩子一个看到外面世界美好事物的机会。rule规则；role角色；chance机会；result结果。根据“Shesaysthateverytimetheteamtravelstoanothercitytotakepartinasoccergame”可知，去其他的城市参加比赛是给了这些孩子们看到外面世界的好机会，故选C。16．(a)way17．heard18．(s)ince19．to20．it21．(s)top22．trees23．clothes24．(n)ew25．an【分析】本文通过讲述作者改变自己清洁习惯的经历，来告诉人们重复利用一些环保的东西来做清洁。16．句意：毕竟，即使我们的废物被带走了，它也不会凭空消失。根据“ourwastedoesn'tjustdisappearevenifitistaken”及首字母，可知，此处表示“被带走”，用takeaway表示“带走”，故填(a)way。17．句意：我听到并看到的时候都不敢相信。根据中文提示，hear表示“听到”，根据“didn’t”可知，此空应填动词过去式，故填heard。18．句意：自从我试过以后，我的窗户比以前更干净了。根据“Ihavehadclearerwindowsthanbefore…Itriedit”及首字母，可知，自从试过以后就发现这个很好用，since“自从”，故填(s)ince。19．句意：我以前认为纸巾越多，家就越干净。根据“Butnow”可知，此处影视描述过去常常发生的事情，用usedtodosth表示“过去常常做某事”，故填to。20．句意：我喜欢用新鲜的白纸清洗，然后扔掉它的想法。此空指代前文提到的“thefreshwhitepaper”，paper是不可数名词，用代词it指代，故填it。21．句意：但现在我知道我不能再用纸巾了。根据“becausepapertowelsareahugewasteproblem”可知，发现了这个问题，所以要停止使用纸巾了，stopdoingsth“停止做某事”，havetodosth“必须做某事”，故填(s)top。22．句意：减少使用纸巾可以节约树木、水、空气和我们的钱。根据中文提示，tree表示“树”，此处不是单指一棵树，要用其复数形式，故填trees。23．句意：最近，我和我的家人开始收集所有的旧衣服。根据中文提示，clothes表示“衣服”，故填clothes。24．句意：让其中一片做一些清洁已经成为我们的新习惯。此空缺少形容词修饰名词habit，根据前文描述，作者之前习惯用纸巾做清洁，现在用衣服的碎片成为一种新的习惯，结合首字母n，可推断，此空应填new“新的”，故填(n)ew。25．句意：我以为打破一个30年的习惯是一件很不容易的事。此处表示“一件不容易的事”，表泛指，且uneasy是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。26．A27．D28．C29．B30．D【分析】本文由Jonny和爸爸二人的争论，就生气给我们几条建议，告诉我们好的沟通方式很重要。26．细节理解题。根据“Jonny,a15-year-oldstudent”可知，Jonny是一名学生，故选A。27．细节理解题。根据“andnowhefeelshurt.ButIonlyasked,‘Whyareyoushoutingatme?’”可知，Jonny感觉受伤是因为他的爸爸对他大叫、跟他生气。故选D。28．细节理解题。根据“Acceptyourfeelingsandconsidertheotherperson’sfeelings.”，“Explainyourselfandnottheotherperson…”，“Don’talwayshavetoreflectbeforereacting（回应）.”和“Don’tdecidethepurposeoftheotherpersonbyyourguessing.”可知，作者给出四条建议，故选C。29．推理判断题。根据“Explainyourselfandnottheotherperson,soyoucanspeakoutyourideasbystartingwith‘I’butnot‘You’.”可知，解释你自己而不是别人，这样你就可以从“我”而不是“你”开始说出你的想法。选项B“我知道你的感受，但是……”符合，故选B。30．最佳标题题。根据“Don’tforgetthatit’snevertoolatetostartthewaysofcommunicating.”和全文内容可知，本文就生气给我们几条建议，告诉我们好的沟通方式很重要。故选D。31．D32．C33．A34．B35．C【分析】本文主要讲述了作者把自己把前院变成一个种蔬菜和鲜花的花园的经历。31．细节理解题。根据“Whenwefirstmovedhere,wedidn’thaveagarden.MikeandItalkedaboutmakingalargevegetablegardensomewhereinouryard”可知，在搬到新房子时，她想有一个有蔬菜的花园，故选D。32．细节理解题。根据“Tome,itlookedmuchtoountidy.Iadvisedtofillthoseholesbackanddignewones”可知，花园看起来太脏了，故选C。33．词义猜测题。根据“Ihadtogiveitupandtrysomethingelse”可知，因为它没有成活，所以作者不得不放弃而尝试些其他新的东西，所以survive表示“存活”，故选A。34．细节理解题。根据“Beforewewentaheadanddugupthegrass,wespentsometimethinkingaboutwhereitwouldworkbest”“Weaskedmanypeoplewhatweshoulddototurnthissandboxintoaspace”“Mikemadeawoodfence（栅栏）andIpainteditwiththekids”“Next,Mikedug17holes.Thenwefilledthemwithsoil”“Overthenextfewweeks,Iworkedongettingeverythingplantedinmygarden”可知，正确的顺序是：决定了花园的位置——收集了其他人的意见——建立了栅栏并给它上了漆——挖了几个洞，然后用土填上——准备想要的植物。故选B。35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者是如何建立她梦想花园的经历，故选C。36．B37．D38．C39．E40．A【分析】文章主要讲述了下围棋的基本规则、围棋的历史及围棋文化的发展。36．根据“wasinventedinChinamorethan2,500yearsago”可知讲了围棋的起源