【人教课标】（步步高）高三英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars精品课件 新人教

Ⅰ.高频单词思忆1.TheChinesegovernmentdidwellinpSARSfromspreading.2.Hecupatthegoodnews.3.Thereisafriendlyaofhelpingeachotherwithdifficultiesinstudyinourclass.4.DoyoubelieveGode?基础落实Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsreventingheeredtmospherexists5.Thereisavwindoutsideandthesnowissoheavy.6.Thefanscheeredupatthe_________(到场)ofJayChou.7.Asastudent,Ishouldlearnthe___________(基本的)rulesofmathematics.8.Aballoon________(飘过)acrossthesky.9.Thereisashortageof_______(氧气)atthetopofthemountain.10.Idreamofflyingtothemoonby_________(宇宙飞船).iolentpresencefundamentalfloatedoxygenspaceshipⅡ.重点短语再现1.__________感到高兴2._________既然3._________突发；爆发4.______________产生；分娩5.__________下蛋6._______________阻止；制止7.__________当心；密切注视8.________________熟悉；掌握9.__________挡住(光线)10._______________轮到某人；接着cheerupnowthatbreakoutgivebirthtolayeggsprevent...fromwatchoutgetthehangofblockoutinone’sturnⅢ.典型句式运用1.Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideas

abouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknow?每种宗教和文化都有它自己关于地球上生命起源的看法。你了解些什么呢？howlifebeganonearth作介词_______的___语，宾语从句可作介词的宾语。考点提炼about宾2.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.没有人准确地知道地球的起源，因为那发生在很久以前。本句为复合句,as引导的从句表示____。(1)since表示听者或读者已知的原因,即表达已知信息。(2)because表示听者未知的原因，可回答why的提问，也可用在强调句型中成为被强调成分，而其他几个词则无此用法。(3)as与since接近，但原因程度比since更强烈。(4)for并不表示直接原因,只是为主句所说的话提供推断的理由，引导的分句不能放在句首。考点提炼原因3.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.它(地球)

将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到45~38亿年以前这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。betodosth.(1)表示“应当/必须做某事”，通常用于通知和说明书里。(2)表示“______________________”，其完成式则表示“本来打算做某事”。(3)表示“将来不可避免要发生的事”。考点提炼按计划或安排将要做某事4.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。makeit+adj./n.forsb./sth.todosth.在此结构中,it是________,真正的宾语是后面的______,而形容词(或名词)充当了__________成分，尤其是当宾语太长时，常采用it作形式宾语。考点提炼形式宾语不定式宾语补足语5.LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.上个月我有幸得到了同我的天文学家朋友李彦平去太空旅行的机会。tomakeatrip...为不定式作____,修饰chance。不定式可用在名词、代词、thefirst,thesecond以及thelast,theonly和最高级等后面作定语。不定式作定语,常常表示____的动作。考点提炼定语将来重点单词1.existTheylaideggstooand________ontheearthformorethan140millionyears.(回归课本P26)观察思考Theideaexistsonlyinthemindsofpoets.这种想法是诗人才有的。Wecan’texistwithoutfoodorwater.没有食物和水我们就不能生存。导练互动existedIcanhardlyexistonthewagethatI’mgetting;thereisnomoneyforluxuries.我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口，根本没钱享受。归纳总结exist________________。existin存在于……之中existon靠……为生existby靠……生存existingadj.目前的；现存的existencen.存在；生存beinexistence存在comeintoexistence开始存在；成立bringintoexistence使发生，产生vi.有，存在；生存即学即用(1)下岗工工人主要靠面面包和茶生存存。Thelaid-offworkersmainly_________breadandtea.(2)有一个个解决目前地地理问题的好好办法。There_______agoodwaytosolvethe_________problemingeography.existonexistsexisting2.escape...whichpreventsheatfrom_________fromtheearthintospace.(回归课本本P26)观察思考Heescapedfromtheenemy’’sprison.他从敌人的监监狱逃了出来来。Hemadehisescapeonarainynight.他在一个雨夜夜逃走了。Thatisreallyanarrow/nearescape.那可真是九死死一生。escaping归纳总结escape________________。escape+n./doingsth.逃脱了/避避免了……escapefrom/outof...从……逃跑跑sth.escapesb.………被某人遗忘忘；未被注意意anarrowescape九九死一生makeone’sescape逃跑易混辨异escape,flee,runaway(1)escape着重重强调逃跑后后的结果，而而不是逃跑的的动作本身。v.&n.逃跑，逃离(2)flee着重强调调逃跑的行为为，常含有因因“惧怕”而而逃跑的意味。。(3)runaway强调动作性性，有时含有有“不辞而别别”之意，是口头用用语。即学即用(1)有什么么办法可以避避免和他见面面吗？Isthereanywayto_______________him?(2)我一时时忘了他的名名字。Hisname___________forthemoment.escapemeetingescapedme3.mass“Ifyouareright,my_____willbelessthanontheearth...””(回归课课本P31)观察思考Theskywasfullofdarkmassesofclouds.天空中乌云云密布。Ourcauseneedsthesupportofthemasses.我们的事业业需要人民民群众的支支持。Thereis/areamassofchildrenplayinginthepark.公园里有许许多孩子在在玩耍。Thegreatmassofmenconsiderthemselveshealthy.大多数人都都认为自己己是健康的的。mass归纳总结mass_______________________________________。amassof/massesof大量量的themassmedia大众传传媒massproduction批量量生产inthemass总体体上，总的的来说the(great)massof大多多数，大部部分注意在表示“大大量的，许许多的”含含义时，amassof/massesof既既可修饰可可数名词，，也可修饰饰不可数名词。在英英语中类似似的短语还还包括：plentyof,alotof,lotsof,aquantityof,quantitiesof等。n.(聚成一体体的)团;块;大多多数;质量量;群众;大量即学即用(1)下雨雨前，天上上有一团团团的乌云。。Beforetherain,therewere______________________inthesky.(2)我挤挤过人群到到了出口。。Istruggledthrough____________________totheexit.massesofdarkcloudsthemassesofpeople重点短语与与句型4.breakoutWewatched,amazedasfire__________ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.(回归归课本P31)观察思考Ifanotherworldwarshouldbreakout,whatwouldbecomeofhumanbeings?如果再一次次爆发世界界大战,人人类将会变变成什么样样子？Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜间突然发发生了火灾灾。brokeout归纳总结breakout意为：___________。breakup解解散；打碎碎breakthrough突破；强强行穿过breakawayfrom...脱离………breakoff停止讲话话breakinto强强行行进进入入某某处处；；突突然然开开始始(大大笑笑、、欢欢呼呼等等)breakdown(谈谈判判)失失败败；；(精精神神、、身身体体)崩崩溃溃breakin进进入入；；插插话话突发发；；爆爆发发易混混辨辨异异breakout,happen,occur,takeplace(1)breakout通通常常指指战战争争、、疾疾病病、、灾灾害害等等突突然然爆爆发发。。(2)happen强强调调偶偶然然发发生生某某事事。。(3)occur指指意意想想不不到到的的事事情情发发生生。。(4)takeplace强强调调按按事事先先的的安安排排或或计计划划发发生生。。即学学即即用用(1)Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire___,andthenitspreadquickly.A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout解析析breakout发发生生，，符符合合题题意意；；putout扑扑灭灭；；C、、D表表示示““出出来来””。。本本题题意意为为““火火灾灾发发生生时时,我我在在睡觉觉…………””。。(2)Asthepresident’’scarappeared,thewaitingcrowds_____loudcheers.A.brokeawayB.brokeintoC.brokeoutD.brokedownAB5.intimeTheywere________toproducecarbon，，nitrogen，watervapourandothergases,...(回归课本P25)观察思考Thecarcametoahaltjustintimetopreventanaccident.那辆汽车及时时停下，避免免了一场事故故。You’lllearnhowtodoitintime.你早晚能学会会做这件事。。Don’tworry—I’msurethingswillgetbetterintime.不要担心———我相信事情情迟早会有所所好转的。intime归纳总结intime意为___________。。(1)ontime准准时；按时innotime立立即；马上atatime一次次；每次atonetime曾经；一度度attimes有时aheadoftime提前forthetimebeing暂时takeone’stime别别着急；慢慢慢来及时；最终(2)It’’stimetodosth./It’stimethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到了某人做某某事的时间It/Thisisthefirst/second...timesb.have/hasdone...是某人第………次……(完完成时)each/everytime+从句每次………时即学即用(1)医生及及时赶到救了了她的命。Thedoctorcame________tosaveherlife.(2)不要一一起背诵，一一次一个。Don’trecitealltogether;one__________.intimeatatime6.nowthat“Oh,dear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpractice_________gravityhaschanged.”(回回归课本P31)观察思考Now(that)youaregrownup,youmuststopthischildishbehaviour.既然已经长大大，你必须停停止这种幼稚稚的行为。Nowthatdinnerisready,washyourhands.晚饭准备好了了，洗手去吧吧。Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork,you’’dbetterhavearest.既然你的工作作已经做完了了，最好休息息一下吧。nowthat归纳总结nowthat意意为：：___________。。易混辨辨异nowthat,because,since,as,for(1)nowthat是固固定短短语，，意为为“既既然；；由于于”，，引出原原因状状语从从句，，that可省省略。。(2)because因因为,表示示直接接的或或为人人所不不知的的原因因。(3)since既既然(可与与nowthat互换换)，，侧重重主句句。(4)as由于于，表表示显显而易易见或或已为为人所所知的的原因因。(5)for因因为,并列列连词词,引引导一一个分分句,不能能置于于句首首。既然；；由于于即学即即用(1)既然然恢复复了健健康，，他就就可以以继续续学习习英语语。____________________________,hecangoonwithhisEnglishstudy.(2)既然然我们们正高高速地地发展展新技技术,真正正的挑挑战在在于寻找新新的使使用途途径。。___________________________newtechnologyatsuchahighpace，thetruechallengeistofindnewwaysofusingit.Now(that)heiswellagainNowthatwearedeveloping7....,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth’’s.………,但但它不不如地地球的的引力力那么强强。典例体体验Johnis_____________Bob.约翰与与鲍勃勃一样样聪明明。Thegirlwas__________________shewasbeautiful.这姑娘娘既漂漂亮又又聪明明。归纳总总结as...as...比比较结结构：：(1)基本本用法法：as+形容容词或或副词词原级级+as分分句。。否定形式式为notas/so...as。。主句句主语语与as分分句主主语asbrightasasintelligentas不同但但比较较的项项目相相同。。(2)主语语相同同，但但比较较的项项目不不同。。(3)asmuch/many+名名词+as分句Hetookasmuchbutterasheneeded.他带的这些些黄油够需需要的。(4)as+形容词词原级+名名词词组+as分句句as+adj.+a(n)+n.+as句型型是“as...as”结构构的一种变化形式式。与as的这种用用法类似的的词还有too...to...句型中的的too,感叹句中中的how，so...that...句型中的so等。JackisasefficientaworkerasBill.杰克和比尔尔都是工作作效率很高高的工人。。即学即用(1)我想想用一种尽尽可能大众众化的方式式把我的个个人经历表达出来。。Iwanttoexpressmypersonalexperiencein_______________________________.(2)这位位歌手希望望利用尽可可能流行的的歌曲来表表达个人的思想情感感。Thesingertendstoexpresshisfeelingsandthoughtsin______________________________.asuniversalawayaspossibleaspopularasongaspossible8....,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.……(当我向前迈步的的时候）我我发现我所所走的距离离是在地球上的两倍倍，我跌倒倒了。典例体验Asiais_______________________Europe.亚洲的大小小是欧洲的的4倍。Thenewbuildingis_______________________theoldone.新新楼比旧旧楼高4倍。Thisballis__________________thatone.这个球的的大小是是那个球球的两倍倍。Theproductionnowis________________________tenyearsago.现在的的产量是是十年前前的3倍倍。fourtimesaslargeasfourtimeshigherthantwicethesizeofthreetimeswhatitwas归纳总结结倍数表达达法：(1)...times___________是是……的的几倍(2)...times+__________________+than(3)...times+thesize/height/length/width/depth+___...(4)...times+_____从句句即学即用用(1)我我们每个个人比1910年吃的的蔬菜多多三倍。。Weareeating________________vegetablesperpersontodaythanwedidin1(2)我的房子是我父母房子的两倍大。Myhouseis_________________myparents’.as...as...形容词/副词比比较级ofwhatthreetimesmoretwicethesizeof1.利用用转化法法，品句句填词（1）Hecouldn’’thelpthecakeshungrilythoughhewasaskedtokeepanoutforanyonewhocamehere.(eye)（2）Inateam,allthemembersshouldfightforthecommontarget.Thatistosay,allthemembersshouldthesameresponsibility.(shoulder)eyingeyeshouldertoshouldershoulder品味构词词串联扩展展n.（表身体部位的名词）v.（动词）shoulder肩膀shoulder挑起；承担back背backface脸face面对；对付head头部headnose鼻子nosearm手臂armhand手hand递，交；提出武装某人人慢行；闻闻出主管；给给标题；；前往，朝朝（某方方向）走走背靠；支支持2.利用用转化法法，品句句填/选选词（1）LastnightIasweet.(dream)（2）Inordertoabetter,wemustnotharmotherthings.A.lifeB.livingC.livedreamtdreamCBA串联扩展展同源动宾词组词义dreama...dream做了个……梦……的死livea...life过上……生活闻……香味打了一个……架smilea...smile笑了一个个……笑笑diea...deathsmella...smellfighta...fight【例1】Myuncle’shouseinthedowntownareaismuchsmallerthanours,butitistwice____expensive.(四川川高考)A.asB.soC.tooD.very解析but分句实实际上是一个个省略句,补补充完整为:butitistwiceasexpensiveasours。课文原文...IfoundIwascarried________________ontheearthandfellover.考题回扣Atwiceasfaras【例2】Whenhe____thedoor，hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.(湖南南高考)A.wouldopenB.openedC.hadopenedD.wastoopen解析句意为：当他他要打开门时时,发现哪里里也找不到钥匙了。。表示即将发发生的动作用用betodosth.，所所以D项符合合句意。A项项中出现了would,该词用于将来时时态或用来表表达某种倾向向。课文原文Whatit______________wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.wastobecomeD【例3】Encourageyourchildrentotrynewthings,buttrynotto____themtoohard.(宁夏高考)A.drawB.strikeC.rushD.push解析句意为：鼓励励你的孩子们们尝试新的东东西。但尽量不要太太过分。draw拉;strike敲,打;rush冲,均不合题题意。push向前推，，符合题意。。课文原文Astherocketroseintotheair,wewere_______backintoourseats...Dpushed【例4】Inthegoodcareofthenurses,theboyis____recoveringfromhisheartoperation.(浙江高考)A.quietlyB.actuallyC.practicallyD.gradually解析句意为：心脏脏手术后在护护士们的精心心护理下，这个男孩孩渐渐地痊愈愈了。quietly静静静地；actually实际上上;practically实际地地;gradually逐渐地。课文原文___________theweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.GraduallyD【例5】Theartshowwas____beingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.(天津津高考)A.farfromB.alongwithC.nexttoD.regardlessof解析farfrom远远非；；完全全不;alongwith与………一起;nextto几几乎,差不不多;紧临临着;regardlessof不不管；；不顾顾。句句意为为:这这次艺艺术展展绝不不是一一次失失败，而而是一一次巨巨大的的成功功。句句中afailure与asuccess为抽抽象名名词具具体化化,分分别表表示““失败败的人人/事”和和“成成功的的人/事””。课文原原文“Wearetoo________theearthnowtofeelitspull,”heexplained.AfarfromⅠ.品品句填填词1.Hedoesn’’tliketobev,instead,hepreferstosolvetheprobleminpeace.2.Withouto,wecouldn’’tlive.3.Incoldwinterdays,therewillbeiceonthesofthewater.4.Withthedofscience,manynewthingsareinvented.5.Gspeaking，，heisasmartboyexcepthiscarelessness.自主主检检测测iolentxygenurfaceevelopmentenerally6.Hispatthemeetingmadeeverybodyexcited.7.Anotherofhisbookswillbepnextmonth.8.Thereasonwhywehavetofalltothegroundisthatthereisg.9.G,herealizedthathehaddonewrongtoher.10.Theriverissopollutedthateverydaywecanseealotofthingsfonthewater.resenceublishedravityraduallyloatingⅡ.短短语语运运用用inalldirections,goby,givebirthto,intime,dependon,prevent...from,aswellas,bedifferentfrom，，escapefrom，，watch...doing,massesof,becauseof1.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewill__________whetherthisproblemcanbesolved.2.Ifyouputyourheartintoit，you’llsucceed_________.dependonintime3.Therewere___________peopleintheshopsyesterday.4.Nothingcan_______theirplans____beingcarriedout.5.We_______thesun_______behindthetreesandtheeveningfell.6.Oursonsarevery_______________eachother.7.Wespentthreehourswaitingintherain___________you!8.Astime________,IbegantorealizewhatIdidwaswrong.massesofpreventfromwatchedsettingdifferentfrombecauseofwentby9.Carbondioxidecanpreventheatfrom______________theearthintospace.10.TheyownahouseinFrance___________avillainSpain.11.Thebirdswereflyingabout__________________.12.She______________afinehealthybaby.escapingfromaswellasinalldirectionsgavebirthtoⅢ.完完成句句子1.Theproblemofpollutionis__________________________(值得得关注注).2.Theunexpectedsnowstorm_______________________________________(阻阻止了了我们们去登登山).3.__________________________(当当心车车辆)whilecrossingtheroad.4.Ourteachertookustothe___(以使我们高兴).worthpayingattentiontopreventedusfromclimbingthemountainWatchoutforthetraffictocheerusup5.____________________________________(既然然大家同意了我我的计划),let’sstartforShanghainextweekend.6.Thisis___________________________(如此有有趣的一部影影片)Ihaveseenittwice.NowthateveryoneagreestomyplansointerestingafilmthatⅣ.单项填填空1.Thathotelisalwaysfullbecauseitoffersafriendly____andpersonalservice.A.surfaceB.atmosphereC.systemD.appearance解析考查名词词词义辨析。。句意为:这家旅馆馆总是住满客人,因为它提提供一种友友好的氛围围和个性化化的服务。surface表面；；水面；atmosphere气氛；；大气;system系系统,体系系;appearance外外表;出现现,露面。。B2.Atfirst,wedidn’tknowaboutJim.But____,wecametoknowthatheA.suddenlyB.luckilyC.graduallyD.generally

解析

考查句义理解及副词辨析。句意为:起初我们不了解吉姆，但逐渐地,我们开始知道他是一个诚实的孩子。gradually逐渐地，慢慢地。C3.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llbesometimeBriangetsback.A.whereB.sinceC.tillD.beforeD4.ManyEuropeans____thecontinentofAfricainthe19thcentury.A.explodedB.exposedC.exploredD.expanded解析考查4个形近近词的词义辨辨析。句意为为：许多欧洲人在19世纪对非洲洲大陆进行了了探索。explode爆炸；expose暴露露；显示；揭揭露；explore探探索，探究，勘探；；expand扩大；展展开；膨胀。。C5.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses____energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch解析考查倍数的表表达方式。倍倍数+as+原级+as...意为““几倍……””。D6.It’s____fortheShenzhouⅦspaceshipthateveryChinesefeelscheerfulandproud.A.soasuccessfulflightB.sosuccessfulaflightC.suchsuccessfulaflightD.asuchsuccessfulflight解析考查such...that和so...that句型。。句意为：对于“神神七”来说，，这是一次极极为成功的飞飞行，以致于每每个中国人都都为之高兴和和自豪。“so+adj.+a+可数名名词单数”或或“such+a+adj.+可数名词单数”。B7.Hehas____letterstoanswerandhastoworkfrommorningtonight.A.muchB.agreatdealofC.massesofD.thenumberof解析考查修饰名词词表“大量””的词的辨析析。massesof相当当于plentyof，意为“许许多；大量”。A、B两项用于修修饰不可数名名词;thenumberof意为“………的数目””，与题意不不符。8.It’snolongeraquestionnow____mancanlandonthemoon.A.thatB.whichC.wh