上海牛津英语8A、8B笔记

8A8B英语笔记整理8AUnit1Aletterfromapenfriendrelatewith二aboutambition志向(averystrongwish)enclosebad---worse---worstill worse---worstbadly--worse—worstowner(n.)拥有者own(a./v.)I.Whatwouldyouliketodo?Wouldlike/lovetodo=wanttodo想要做…e.g.Wouldyoulike/loveto…Yes,I'dliketo/loveto,but...(理由)2.tellsb.sth.about...告诉某人关于……的一些事e.g.I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutmytripinHongKong.3.oneandahalfmeterstall.}1.5米(or)onemeterandahalf}1.5米fourandahalfkilos(or)fourkilosandahalf用“数词+单位+形容词”来表示身高，体重，长度，宽度，年龄等e.g.Thissuitcaseis80cmlong,55cmwide,5cmhigh.长宽高4.*限定词(this,that)—数词(two)—性质(beautiful,ugly)一尺寸大小(bid)—长短(long,short)—形状(round,triangle)一新旧或年龄(old,young)一颜色(red,blue)一国籍(产地)(Chinese)一材料(wooden,leather)一状语(shining,glowing)5.one'shobbyisdoingsth.习惯性，经常one'sambition(wish/hope/duty/responsibility/job……)+be+todosth.除了hobby,其余全用“todosth.”e.g.(1)Hisjobatthemomentistolookafterthehomelesspeople.(2)Theirdutyistokeepthewholebuildingclean.(3)Today'shomeworkistocopythenewword.6.own.(v.)拥有，占有二八&丫0,但own更强调物品的归属为某人自己。e.g.⑴Mr.Smithownsacar.(2)Mr.Smithhashisowncar.(3)Mr.Smithhasacarofhisown..bekeenon=like……verymuch二beinterestedin二befondof(特别)喜欢，渴望，热衷于.bekeenon+名词or动名词(doing)e.g.Heiskeenonplayingfootball.bekeenon动名词make+it+adj.+forsb./sth+todosth.使得……做某事变得…….(1.)enjoy+doing/n.enjoyoneself=enjoyone’stime=haveagoodtime(2.)playchessplayfootballplaycardsplaythepianotheviolintheguitarplay+ballgames/chess/cardsplay+the+musicalinstrument音乐器材前加“the”来源：网络转载.physics物理physical(a.^理的，身体的aphysicsteacher/lab/homeworkaphysicalchange/physicaleducation(PE).maybe/maybe1)Heismaybeathome｝perhaps｝如果原句有动词，maybe2)Hemaybeathome｝如果原句无动词，maybe(情态动词)11.1)enclose(v.)附寄2)aphotoofmyself强调照片有我不等于aphotoofmine等于aphot00fme12.反义疑问句陈述句(肯)，动词(否定)主语的代词？陈述句(否)，动词(肯定)主语的代词？例：1).Iamlate,arentI?.Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,isthere?.Therearefewstudentsinthehall,arethere?.Youcouldhardlybelievethat,couldyou?.Herarely/seldomgoestothecinema,doeshe?.Letsgoswimming,shallwe?.Letusgoswimming,willyou?.Dontbelatenexttime,willyou?★祈使句的反义疑问句除“Lets……shallwe?”之外，其余用willyou。little/few/hardly/rarely/seldom否定词(反义部分用肯定)13.hope的用法比较特殊，可以说hopetodo，但不能说hopesb.todo，这是可以用hope+(that)从句的结构来表示。Hope后不可以加todo只有wishsb.todotrain(v.)training(n.)培训，训练dowellin二begoodatworkout猜出，squash壁球high height身高heavy weight(n.)weigh(v.)8AUnit2WhizzKid1.expect(v.)expectsth./sb.e.g.(1.)Farmersexpectagoodharvest.(2.)Illexpectyouforsupperat6p.m.sharpexpecttodosth./expectsb.todosth.e.g.(1.)Heexpectstofinishtheprojectinaweek(2.)Doyouexpectmetostayforanotherweek?expectthat……(从句)2.business[C]公司*startanewbusiness[U]生意*HewenttoBeijingonbusiness(goto……onbusiness出差)Howisyourbusiness?————Quitgood.*Althoughheismyfriend,businessisbusiness(公事公办)businessman——businessmenbusinesswoman——businesswomen来源：网络转载3.similar(a.)类似的besimilarto和……差不多4.different(a.)不同的bedifferentfrom与……不同differently(ad.)不同的difference［C］［U］不同之处e.g.(1.)Teenagersalwaysthinkthattheirparentsdifferentopinionsfromthem.(2.)Canyoutellmethedifferencebetweenthetwowords?(3.)Infact,thesetwobooksarequitesimilar.Youcanchooseeitherofthem.(either……or)5.successful(a.)成功的successfully(ad.)成功地success(n.)成功agreatsuccesssucceed(v.)成功succeedin+n.(doing)Heisasuccessfulwriter.Hehassuccessfulpublishedmorethan20novels.Lastmonthhesucceededinholdinghisfirstpaintingshow.Nowondersomanypeopleadmirehisgreatsuccess..mustbe把握程度强(肯定是…)e.g.Afteradayshardwork,youmustbetired.否定式cantbe……(不可能是……)e.g.Hecantbeathomenow.Becauseheisonabusinesstrip.oneofthe……(1.)Thisisoneofthemostexpensivedressesinourshop.(2.)Yesterdaywasoneifthecoldestdaysoftheyear.(3.)Oneofthelongestriversintheworldliesinthiscountry.oneof+最高级+名词复词top表示顶级的，不用最高级.puton(wear)(1.)Itsraininghardoutside,youdbetterputonyourcoat.(2.)Janeiswearinganewdress.wear已经穿上puton指动作.一般现在时Meaning1)经常性的习惯动作：Wendyalwaystalksaboutbusinessoverbreakfast.2)自然界中的客观事实或真理：Thesunrisesintheesat.3)表示人的心理活动或表示客观属性的动词：believe/love/hate/belongto/contain…*Thebookcontainssixchapters.Seructure:主语［I,you,we,they］一律动词原形.(否)dont+动原.单三［he,she,it］动词后加s或es.(否)doesnt+动原.TimeAdverbials:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,never…10.luckily(adv.)lucky(adj.)幸运的【反】unluckily不幸的unlucky(adj.)uck(n.)运气1)Youareluckenoughtogetthefirstprize.2)Fourisusuallyregardedasa(an)unluckynumber.3)Luckily,shewasathomewhenIcalledonher.4)Tomwasupset,becausehehadbadluckallweek.11.sell(v.)(sold,sold)卖sale(n)卖sales(n./a.)销售的asalesmanager1)Thesoldoutalltheticketsby5p.m.2)Imsorrysir.Thisvaseisnotforsale.(beforsale可以买卖的)来源：网络转载3)Igotthiscoatonsale,itsverycheap.(beonsale打折)12.manager(n.)/manage(v.)管理mangetodosth.=succeedindoing=beabletodo1)Itsrainingheavily.Hetiredtogetthereontime.2)Itsrainingheavily.Hemanagedtogetthereontime.做到了.beresponsiblefor对…负责responsible(a.)负责responsibility(n.)责任*Teacherwouldliketogivetheworktothoseresponsiblestudents..discuss(v.)——talkoven(about)sth.讨论discussion(n.)Letsdiscusstodayswork.二Letshaveadiscussionabouttodayswork.discussaboutsth.x可以说haveadiscussionaboutsth.15.overbreakfast=during/atbreakfast16….gotoschoolinourfamilycar.}bycarbuybusbytrain}只跟交通工具17.makephonecallsto…18.onthewayto/ononeswayto...在去…的路上。home,here,there不+to19….butsomeoftheworkisboringboring(a.)——(sth.)bored(a.)——(sb.)20....achieve…gradein…21.Ineverfailanexam.fair(v.)失败fairtodosth.二benotabletodo未能成……failure(n.)失败Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Hefailedtopasstheexam,didnthe?Hewasunhappytoday,wasnthe?fair二notpass1)Hefailedtheexam.Hedidntpasstheexam.2)Hefailedtopasstheexam.Hewasntabletopasstheexam.22.Thedrivercollectsmefromschool.collectsb.二picksb.up接送某人23.returnto……(1.)Afterthemeeting,hereturnedtothefactory.(2.)YoudbetterreturnthebookstothelibrarybeforeFriday.returnto---come/gobackto返回give…backto归还24.attendaclub/attendschool/attendameeting/alecturejointhearmy/thedancinggroup/thepartytakepartinafootballmatch/awritingcontestattend强调出席，人到场了join加入某长期的组织或团体，成为其中一员takepartin参加某个具体的活动或比赛25.assist(v.)---helpassistant(n.)---helper26.continue(v.)(1.)continuedoingsth=goondoing=keepdoing(2.)workon…介词on在这里表示“某方向”来源：网络转载27.seldom(adv.)——notoften,rarely几乎很少，几乎不(l.)Hesseldomlateforschool,ishe?(2.)ItseldomsnowsinShanghai.doesntit?28.need做情态动词，只能用于否定或疑问句，后只跟动词原形*Youneedntcleanmyoffice*NeedIcleanyouoffice?need用于肯定句，要用行为动词need：后跟名词或动词todo形式1)Heneedsalotofmoneytobuildthehouse.Hedoesntneedalotofmoneytobuildthehouse.Doseheneedalotofmoneytobuildthehouse.Whatdoesheneedtobuildthehouse?2)Theyneededtothinkitover./(Theydidntneedtothinkitover)Didtheyneedtothinkitover?Whatdidtheyneedtodo?<1.>Tomdoesntneedtogotherebyhimself.<2.>Sheneedstoraisesomemoneytodothisproject.<3.>Theoldladyneedsgoodmedicalcame.29.spend,cost,pay,take,buy区另1|sb.spendmoney/{timeonsth.{(in)doingsth.sth.costsb.moneysb.paymoney+forsth.Ittake(s)sb.time+todotooksb.buy+sth.+for+money.1)Shespent2hoursfinishingthiswork.Ittookshe2hourstofinishthiswork.2)Hespend50yuanonthebook.Thebookcosthe50yuan.Hepay50yuanforthebook.Hebuythebookfor50yuan.8AUnit3Dealingwithtrouble.deal[v.](dealt,dealt)Dealwithsth./sb.处理*Howdoyoudealwiththetrouble/oldbooks?*Whatdoyoudowiththeoldbooks?.happen[v.]发生，碰巧*Afunnythinghappenedyesterday.1)Sth.happentosb.某人发生了某事Didyouhearwhathappenedtopeteryesterday?2)happentodosth..碰巧，不巧做了某事Ihappenedtoseehimyesterday.*happen(偶然发生)takeplace(经安排后发生)Whendidtheexplosionhappen?Whenwilltheweddingtakeplace?*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthelastthreeyears.(弓I导现在完成时)3.keepquiet*Theyarehavinganimportantmeeting.Letsgoupstairsquietlysonobodywillnoticeus.来源：网络转载4.wait[v.]waitfor*Whoareyouwaitingfor?*Theyarewaitingfortheirteacher.waiter/waitress5.suddenly[adv.]sudden[adj.]*Weareallsurprisedathissuddendeath.6.argue[v.]争吵，争论(argued,argued,arguing)*Listen,theyarearguingloudly.Arguewithsb.Argueaboutsth.*PeterarguedwithMaryaboutthebestplaceforaholiday.Argument[n.]<C>争论，论据，论点*Theyhadalongargumentabouttheissue.*argument,disagreement,arrangement,management,achievement,movement,excitement7.twowomentourists/twomendoctorstwogirlstudents/twoboystudentstwofemaleelephants/twomalelionstwoappletrees只有以man、woman构成的复合名词在变成复数时，前后两个名词都要变为复数。8.hold[v.](held,held)holdout伸出，端出/holdameeting开会/holdup举起/holdon(电话)别挂断/holdonesbreath屏住呼吸9.crowd[n,]<C>人群crowded[adj.]1)Isawacrowdofpeoplerunningaroundthebuilding2)Therewerecrowdsofpeopleatthetheatre.3)Weshouldtakecareofourbelongingsincrowdedplaces.4)NajingRoadWalkWayisoneofthemostcrowdedstreetinShanghai.5)Thehalliscrowdedwithaudience.10.stare[v.]/[n.]盯，凝视(stared,stared,staring)stareatsb.盯着某人看1)Itsrudetostareatotherpeople.2)Theteacherstareatsomestudentsiftheyareabsent-minded.11.goon发生，继续1)Whatsgoingon?二Whatshappening?2)Ifhegoesonlikethis,hewilllosehisjob.3)Althoughitwaslateatnight,hewasstillgoingonwatchingTV.4)Theywentonwiththeirdiscussionuntil9p.m.*goonwith+n.12.movethroughthecrowdacrosstheriverthroughthecityacrosstheroadthroughtheforestacrossthepipethroughthetunnelthrough指从某个物体的内部空间通过，贯穿。Across指从某个物体的表面穿过13.steal[v.](stole,stolen,stealing)*Shewantedtostealmoneyfromhisfathersdrawer.*rob(robbed)robsth.ofsb.robbery/robber14.notice[v.]注意Inoticedthathestolethepurseatthewoman.Inoticedhimwaitinghimoutside.(noticesb.doing)Inoticedhimentertheroom.(noticesb.do)来源：网络转载notice[n.]通知，布告thenoticeonthewallnoticeboard15.Wewereinthebookstore,buyingpostcards.*Manyparentsstoodoutsidetheschoolgate,waitingfortheirchildren.*Theboysatthere,crying.*Helayonthebed,thinkingabouttheproblem.现在分词作为伴随动词，补充当时状态16.follow[v.]*YougofirstandIwillfollowyoulater.follow[adj.]二next接着*Thechildwassickintheevening,butonthefollowingdayheseemedtobewellagain.17.hurry[v.]赶快(hurried,hurried,hurrying)*Donthurry,wearenotlate.*Hurryup,orwellbelatefortheplane.*Look,heishurryingtothemeetingroom.hurry[n.]仓促，匆忙inahurry*Im(not)inahurrytochangemyjob.hurried[adj.]hurriedly[adv.]*hurriedwork仓促的工作*leavehurriedly/leaveinahurry18.abroad[adv.]上(船，火车，飞机)*theywentabroadtheship.*Theboatisreadytoleave.Allaboard.abroad[adj.]海外，国外*Shewillstudyabroadnextyear.19.strange[adj.]奇怪的1)Strangely,Ihaveneverseenthattelevisionshowbefore.2)Donttalktostrangers.3)Sorry,IdontknowwherethebookhereisbecauseImalsoastrangerhere..afraid[adj.]害怕的Beafraidof(doing)sth./beafraidtodosth.*Manypeopleareafraidofsnakes.*Hewasafraidoffailingintheexam.*Dontbeafraidtoaskforhelp.*Areweontime?Imafraidnot..pickup捡起，拿起*Dontthrowtherubbishontheground,please.代词放在介词短语中*Myfatherusuallypickmeupafterschool.*WhenItravelledinAmerica,IpickedupsomeAmericanEnglish..report[v.n.]报告*Hereportedatheft.*Hewroteareportabouttheaccidents.reporter[n.]报告人，记者23.theft[n.]偷窃案thief[n.](pl.)thieves24.*Itjustleftafewminutesago.Ithasbeenawayforafewminutes.25.detail[n.]<C>资料，详细情况*Letsdiscussthedetailsofourarrangement.Indetail详细地*Letsdiscussindetail.来源：网络转载26.putthephonedown*Putdowntheoldpicturesfromthewall.Putdown放下putupyourhandsputup举起putoutthefireputout扑灭putontheplaynextweekputon上演putoffthesportsmeetingputoff延期27.Aswegotoff geton/gooff(bus,ferry,train,plane……)getinto/getoutoff(car,taxi)getto至U达getreadyfor准备getup起床getback回来28.seesb.doing/do(sth.)Seesb.doing看见某人正在做某事Seesb.do1)看见某人经常做某事2)看见某人做某事的过程(多用于瞬间动词)同性质词语：hear,notice,find,watch……Didyouoftenseehertakeawalkaftersupper?Isawthemangointothebankatthetime.WeheardTomsingingintheroomwhenweentered.Didyouhearhimsaysorrytotheteacher?29.Helookedworried.Look为感官动词，则后跟形容词(同small,taste,feel,sound……)但是如果后面还有……atsb./atsth.时，为普通行为动词，这时需要以副词修饰。Thelittleboylookedsadlyatthebrokenvase,helookedreallysad.Thewomanlookedhappilyatherson.30.Welldone!做得好！praisesb.forwhathedid31.Isaidaswewalkedby.As用法：as=when*Ashewasachild,heenjoyedswimming.Hedoesntrunasfastasme.像……——样Heworksasaphysicsteacher.作为Asshehasnocar,itsnoteasyforhertogetthere.因为Walkby经过8AUnit4Numbers,Everyone’slanguage1.atleast最少atmost最多2.inancienttimes在古代3.inmanydifferentways用很多不同的方法4.count[v.]数(counted,counted,counting)*countable[adj.]可数的uncountable[adj.]不可数的Mileisacountablenounwhileisanuncountablenoun.*countless[adj.]无数的5.intens十进制6.Greek(s)a./n.希腊的，希腊人Greece希腊来源：网络转载Roman(s)a./n.罗马的，罗马人Rome罗马Egyptian(s)a./n.埃及的，埃及人Egypt埃及Indian(s)a./n.印度的，印度人India印度7.invent[v.]发明invention[n.]＜C＞发明产物＜U＞发明inventor[n.]发明家1)Theinventionoftelephonemadeiteasierforustocommunicate.2)Bellisinventoroftelephone.3)PrintingwasoneofthegreatestinventorsintheancientChina.4)Whoinventedthelight?Edison..develop[v.]发展，开发(developed,developed,developing)Chinahasdevelopedalotrecently.*developanideaHedevelopedhisbusinessthreeyearsago.Chinaisstilladevelopingcountry.(发展中的)Americaisalreadyadevelopedcountry.(发达的)development[n.]<U>发展developer[n.]开发者.calculatingmachines计算器calculating[n.]用于计算的calculate计算calculation[n.]<C>计算结果<U>计算calculator计算机1)Theteachersaskedthestudentstocalculatethewidthofthestreet.2)Yourcalculationshowsthatthecompanydidntmakeanyprofit.3)Abacuswasanancientcalculatingtoo!4)Wearenotallowedtousecalculatorsinamathsexam..abacus[n.]算盘anabacusabacuses.accurate[adj.]精准的=correctaccurately[adv.]*inaccurate[adj.]二incorrect.electronic[adj.]电子的*electron[n.]电子electric[adj.]发电的，有电的，带电的electrical[adj.]与电有关的，电气的electricity[n.]电*electrician电工1)Wecanbuyalltheelectricalappliancesatthesupermarket.2)Ourlifewillbeveryinconvenientwithoutelectricity.3)Anelectronicdictionarycanhelpuslookupthenewwordsveryfast.4)Howmanyelectrickettlesdoyouhave?5)Myfatherisanelectricalengineer.6)Theair-conditionerdoesntworkbecauseofanelectricalfault.Weneedanelectriciantorepairit.7)Electricbicyclesmakepeopletoridefaster.8)Ifyouarecareless,youmaygetanelectricshock!.percentage[n.]<C>百分比percent[a./n.]百分比，百分之一1)Morethan90percentofthestudentspassthetest.2)Tellmethepercentageoftheboysofyourclass..powerful[adj.]强大的powerless[adj.]无力的power[n.]<U>能力，力量，电力，动力，权力*Computeraremorepowerfulthanabacusesincalculating..flash[n.]闪现，一瞬间inaflush=likelightning.whole[adj.]完整的来源：网络转载Thedifferencebetween‘alland‘whole:1)all和whole都可用于表示整体的单数名词之前，但限定词的位置不一样，all在前，whole在后。Allthecity/thewholecity2)all和whole都可以加复数名词allthestudents/wholeofthestudentswhole+介词+复数名词3)whole一般不能修饰可数名词，all可用于各种情况。17.living[adj.]活的(只能在名词前做定语)alive[adj.]活的(只能在名词后做表语)1)Shehasnolivingrelatives.2)Itisoneofthelivinglanguages,.3)Althoughheisseriouslyinjured,heisstillalive.4)Thelivingaremoreimportanttoustothedead.18.amazing[adj.]令人兴奋的amazed[n.]使人惊奇的amaze[v.]使人惊奇&巾&70巾0八十[爪]惊奇1)Heamazedallhisclassbywinningthegoldmedal.2)ThisisoneofthemostamazingstoriesIveeverheard.3)Thelittleboylookedathisimageinthemirrorinamazement.4)Itmadeustooamazedtosayaword/5)Whatanamazingfilm!19.solve[v.]findananswerto解决solution[n.]<C>解决方案Itsdifficulttofindasolutiontothisproblem.(thekeytothedoor,theanswertothequestion,thewayto……,theentrancetothebuilding)20.而51四3匕n[m]<。>指令8AUnit5Lookitup1.Maysfatherboughtherabook.Maysfatherboughtabookforher.*buy/make/do...forsb.*pass/give/send/deliver/show...tosb.2.lookup查阅*lookupthewordinthedictionary*lookforwardto……希望*打0女£0「查找*lookat看*lookafter照顾*lookout小心*lookback回顾3.Dinosauralldiedoutsuddenly.die(v.)死亡(瞬间动词) death(n.)dead(a.)*Hediedthreeyearsago.*Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears..everywhere每个地方anywhere任何地方*Youcantgetitanywhereelse.*Letsgoanywherethatisquite.somewhere在某个地方*Comeandseemethan.Wellgooutsomewhere.nowhere没有哪儿.harm[U]n.危害v.损害。对……有害doharmtosb./sthn.Thedroughtdidalotofharmtothecrops.doanyharmt。…来源：网络转载v.Dontharmyoureyesbyreadinginthesun.Doctorssaysmokingharmsourhealth.a.Doctorssaysmokingisharmfultoourhealth.Thisdogseemsfierce,butitisharmless.(harmful/harmless,useful/useless,hopeful/hopeless,careful/careless,thoughtful/thoufhtless)e.g1).Ihaveneverharmedanybody..Dontbeafraid.Theinsectisharmlesstopeople..Drinkingtoomuchbeerisharmfultoourhealth.4).Themedicinedoesnoharmtoheart.beharmfulto=bebadfor.gentlea.温和的文雅的(gentler,thegentlest)gentlyad.(moregently,themostgently)I.Maryisaverygentlegirl.Shealwaystalksgently.2.Shegentlyrefusedtoacceptthegifts..fiercea.闪猛的，愤怒的(fiercer,thefiercest)fiercelyad.(morefiercely,themostfiercely)fiercedogs/wind/attacks/argument.assmallaschickensas...as和…一样的中间只能用adj./adv.的原级TimisastallasI./TimrunsasquicklyasI.否定句时，要根据时态确定，加相应的助动词。Timisntastalll/TimdoesntrunasquicklyasI.*as...as>thesame+n.+asSomedinosaursareassmallaschickens.Somedinosaursarethesamesizeaschickens.*Thisbayisasheavyasthatone.Thisbayisthesameweightasthatone.eavebehind留下，丢下Dontleavemebehind.suddenlyad.突然suddena.1.Ourarmymadeasuddenattackontheleft.2.Thelightswentoutsuddenly..amusementpark游乐场二funfairamuse(v.)amused(a.)amusing(a.)好玩的，令人发笑的1.Itissuchanamusingstorythatallofusareamused.2Thechildlookedattheclowninamusement.3.Hisanswertothatquestionamusedusverymuch.4.Toeverybodysamusement,theactorfellfromthestage..befamousfor/befamousas*Shanghaiisfamousforitsnightviews.Shanghaiisfamousasashoppingparadise.*Mickymouseisfamousasacartooncharacter.WaltDisneyisfamousforhiscartooncharacter..charactern.性格[U]n.[C]电影，故事中的人物1.Sheisagirloffinecharacter.2.Whichcartooncharacterdoyoulikebest?.createv.创建，创立creativea.创作的，有创造性的creativelyad.有创造性地来源：网络转载creatorn.[C]创建者1.Anartistshouldcreatebeautifulthings.2.Somestudentsmayhavedifficultyinusinglanguagecreatively.3.ThecreatorofthisnewladiesfashionisaFrenchman.4.Theysucceededincreatinganewwayofdrawing..afterleavingschool...介词+动名词1)Hewenttoschoolwithouthavingbreakfast.2)bydoing*3)lookforwardtodoingsth.16.Whilehewasworking*While+进行时1)…whilewewerehavingdinner....whilemotherwascooking....WereyouhavingabathwhenIcalledyouyesterday?(when之后可以用任何时态，如果给出进行时，首选while)17.thinker[C]思想家n.thought[C]想法n.thoughtful(a.)thoughtless(a.)1)DiogeheswasoneofthegreatesrthinkersinGreece.2)Itsthoughtfulofyoutobooktheroominadvance.3)Junesfirstthoughtwastogoaway.4)Forestfiresmaybecausedbythoughtlesspeople.18.teachv.(taught,taught)*teachsb.sth.Heteachesusmaths.*teachsb.todo.../teachsb.howtodo*teachoneself19.*thewaytodoo...+is+todo...1)Thewaytokeephealthyistohaveabalanceddiet.2)Thewaytoachievehighgradesistobehardworking.3)Thewaytomakefriendsistobehonestfirst.20.seesbdoing强调当时正看到某人在做某事seesb.do看见某人经常做某事或看见某人做事的全过程1)Didyouseeherrunoutofthebank.2)Ifyouwalkpasthiswindowthistimeeveryafternoon,youcanseehimpaint.3)IsawJimrepairinghiscarwhenIgetthere.21.evenhappier在even/far/still/much/abit/alittle之后多用形容词比较级*Hedidmuchbetterinhisexam.*Todayisabithotter.*Thisbookisfarmoreexpensive..Ihavethreedaughters.Oneisanurse,anotherisateacherandthethirdisaworker..Dontwalkonthissideoftheroad,walkontheotherone..Thischemicalispoisonous.Theothersarepoisonoustoo..Ihavetwopens.Oneisblue,theotherisblack..Theyareverydifferentfromoneanother..Thisdictionaryisbetterthantheothers/theother..WestudyothersubjectsbesidesChinese..MayIhaveanotherapple?.Thesecupsareclean,theothersaredirty..Ihavetwopens.Oneiswhiteandtheothertwoarered.来源：网络转载.Wouldyoulikeanothercupofcoffee?.Ihavethreeskirts.Oneiswhiteandtheothertwoarered..WestudyChinese,Maths,Englishandsomeothersubjects..IdontwantthisT-shirt.Pleaseshowmeanotherone..BettyandJohnhavecomeback,buttheotherstudentsintheclassarenthereyet.8AUnit6Nobodywins(I)1.lost(a.)-丢失的，迷失的.Igotlostintheforests..Thepaper-cuttingisalmostalostart..Youmaygotothelostpropertytohaveacheck.lose(v.)(lost,lost).Sheloseherbaywhenshetookthetaxi..losesbstemper.2.runoutof-finish,useup1)Wererunningoutofbeerathome.3.land(n.v.)*apieceofland*land-takeoff4.closeto-near,notfarawayinspace,timeorrelation1)Thechurchisclosetoourhome.(adj.)2)Weliveclosetothechurch.(adv)close(adj.adv.)靠近，靠近地close(v.)关闭closed(a.)关着的(openv.a.打开，开着的)5…..thereweredoors-eachtwostoreyshigh.……thereweretwo-storey-highd00rs.eg.一座八米长的桥桥长八米Thisisaneight-metre-longbridge.Thebridgeiseightmetres10ng.6.furniture[U]*apieceoffurniture/asetoffurniture7.besimilarto-bedifferentfrom8.theearth/themoon/thestar/thesun/inspace9.looklike+n.lO.Followingthemwasahugemonster(倒装句)二ahugemonsterwasfollowingthem•Onthetopofthemountainisachurch.•Behindthedoorisaboy.11.except/besides/exceptthatexcept除…之夕卜besides除…之外，还有exceptthat除…之外(唯一跟句子的短语)1)EverybodyishereexceptTom.2)Thailandisaniceplaceforholidaysexceptthatitisabithot.3)WhatlanguagecanyouspeakbesidesEnghlish?4)TherearethreeotherpeopleatthemeetingbesidesMr.White.12.Ithoughtfast(adj./adv)hard,high,early,late,close…本身既是形容词又是副词•Theworkisreallyhard,Thebuildingishigh.•Theyareworkinghard「Hecanjumpveryhigh.来源：网络转载Illcatchtheearlytrain.Hecometoschoolearly.Dontbelatenexttime.Dontcomelatenexttime.•Theshopisclosetomyhome「Iliveclosetomyschool..反问疑问句：1)Hecouldhardlybelievewhathesaw,couldhe?2)Hewasunhappytoday,wasnthe?3)Thisproblemcanbesolvedbytheboy,cantit?4)Idontthinkshewillcometomorrow,willshe?.replyv.n.1)Haveyourepliedhisletter?2)Iaskedhimifhewouldcome,buthegavenoreply.same：answer15.Itisturethatwearewearealiens.structer：Itis+adj.+that+sentence这简直令人难以置信他获得了第一名。Itisunbelievablethathegotthefirstprize.很显然那天你误解了他的意思。Itisclearthatyoumisunderstandher.16.Whycantwebefriends?Why+negativesentence1)Whydontyougowithus?17.dosomebodyafavour帮某人一个忙e.gCouldyoudousafavourtosendthee-mailtohim?18.Youllbethelastonetodiesb.+be+the+序数词+todosth.某人第几个做某事Ourteacherisalwaysthefirstonetocomeandthelastonetoleave.Hewasthesecondtofinishworkinthisgroup.19.turntowards/turntosb.Yourfriendsaretheonesyoucanturntowhenyouareintrouble.turndown/turnupturnon/turnoffturnouttobe...Hiswordsturnedouttobetureatlast.最后显现出20.planv.n.(planned)(planning)plantodosth./onesplanistodo21.trustv.n.相信1)Youcanttrustthosesalesmen,theyllsayanythingtoselltheir.2)Whathehaddonelosthisfriendstrust.22.Iknowwhoyouare.(objectiveclause)keepthesentenceinastatementorderexcepttwosentences:1)Theteacherasekedmewhatmynamewas.2)HewantedtoknowwhereIlived.3)Themanageraskedthecustomerifheenjoyedthedinner.4)Theengineeraskedwhatwasthematterwiththemachine.frightenv.使…害怕frightenedn.感到害怕frighteninga.令人害怕的8AUnit7NobodyWins(II)来源：网络转载1.ataspeedof.../atapriceof.../atacostof..以..速度/价格/代价2,cause(v.n)*Smokingcanbeabigcauseoflungcancer*Smokingmaycauselungcancer3.weigh(v.)称..重量weight(n.)重量*Thebagistenkilosheavy*Howheavyisthebag?(How后跟形容词或副词)*Howmuchdoesthebagweigh?*Whatstheweightofthebag?4.letsbdosth*Theteacherlettheboycleantheclassroomafterschool.Ilethimhaveabreakfortenminutes.5.Afterhissupper,Gorklaydownonhisbedandtellasleepalmostimmediately.1)lie(v.)躺；坐落于；位于[lay,lain,lying]说谎[lied,lied,lying]*Helayonthegrassandenjoyedthesunshine.Thechurchliesabouttenmilestotheeastofthecity.Heliedtothemabouttenmilestotheeastofthecity.Theboypromisedhewouldnttellalieanymore.(n.)lay(v.)放置，下蛋[laid,laid,laying]*Motherwaslayingthetablewhenlgothome.Thehenhaslaidtwoeggstoday2)fallasleep[fell,fallen]睡着了(gotosleep)Feelsleepy[felt,felt]感到很困的，想睡的6.Becauseitwasinaplasticcase,themagentcouldnotattractit.at什act(v.)吸引*Lastnightsconcertwasabletoattractabigcrowdattraction(n.)吸引人的，引人入胜的*Shewearsveryattractiveclothesattraction(n.)吸引力，吸引人的事物*PurpleMountisoneoftheattractionsinNanjing.1)Amagentcanattractthingsmadeofmetal.2)Picturescanmakethestorymuchmoreattractive.3)Internetbecomesagreatattractiontopeopleallroundtheworld.7,Weretooweaktoopenthedoor.weak(adj.)脆弱的，不牢固的.反义词：strong(adj.)强壮的，强大的too...todo…太..以致于不能做…(表示否定含义)Werenotstrongenoughtoopenthedoor.Weresoweakthatwecantopenthedoor.Thebagwastooheavyfortheboytocarry.Thebagwasntlightenoughfortheboytocarry.Thebagwassoheavythattheboycouldntcarryit.8.momentslater=afterawhile过了一会儿，片刻之后*Itlookerprettyfineatfirst,butmomentslater,itstartedtorain.Anhourlater,allthepeopleweresavedbytherescuemen.9.wakeup/wakesb.up(wake,woke,woken).aim(v.n.)瞄准，目标来源：网络转载*Hisspeechaimsatmakingpeopleknowtheimportanceofkeepingourearthclean.Theaimofhisspeechistomakepeopleknowtheimportanceofkeepingourearthclean.noise(n.)[u]muchnoise/alittlenoisenoisy(adj.)noisily(adv.)[noisier,noisiest]Thereistoomuchnoiseformetohearyourvoice.Thestudentsaretalkingnoisilyabouttheplan.Thecrowdbecamenoisierthanbeforewhentheyheardthebadnews..bringsb.doing=makesb.do=causesb.todo.attack(v.n.)攻击，袭击.damage(v.n.)破坏.Among/between*betweenAandB.Yourefinished(adj.)完蛋了，完成了二Youaredonefor.17.onebyone=oneafteranother*Studentsweretoldtogointotheroomonebyone18.Dontpanic.panic是动词，意为害怕、恐慌、惊恐(paniced,paniced,panicing)19.tofreedomfreedom(n.)[u.]自由freely(adv)自由地free(adj.)自由的，空闲的，免费的Heregainedfreedomafterhelefttheprison.Willyoubefreethisafternoon?Pleasefeelfreetoaskifyouwantanyinformation.Hewishedhewouldbeabirdflyingfreelyinthesky.20.safety(n.)safe(adj.)safely(adv.)save(v.)Adoctorsjobistosavepeopleslives.[onesjobistodosth.]Asapublicplace,safetyisthemostimportantforahotel.Obeyingthetrafficrulescanhelpyoukeepsafe.Atlast.theplanelandedsafetyontheground.Generallyspeaking,itissafertoswimintheswimmingpoolthaninariver.21.WhathappenedtoGork?*Somethingunusualhappenedtohimyesterday.Ihappenedtohavethisbook.22.Ahugefigurewasmovingsilentlytourards.silently(adv.)=quietlysilent(adj.)=quietsilence(n.)[u.]=quietnessTherewasnothingbutsilenceinthehugehouse.Theboykeptsilentwhenhewasaskedthequestion.Hewalkedsilentlyupstairsinorderthatnobodywouldnoticehim.8BUnit1Trees.pollution(v.) makethingsdirtyorunhealthypollution(n.)*Pollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsoftodayssociety来源：网络转载*Thefactoriesarentallowedtoletoutdirtywaterforitmaypollutetheriver*Treesarethoughtaspollutionfighters.fight(v.n.)争斗，斗争Fight(against)sb/sthfighter(n.)斗士fighteragainstsb/sth3.scientist(n.)科学家science(n.)科学4.collect(v.)收集*Heusedtocollectstampswhenhewasayoungboy*Thedustmencollecttherubbishonceaday*Myfatherusuallycollectsmeafterschoolcollection(n.)收藏品5.SheisinterviewingDoctorRerview(v.n)interviewer(n.)interviewee(n.)trainer---trainee./emplover——employee6.beinterestedin*Heistellingastorytothechiddrenwhichinteresthemalot.*Tomtakesgreatinterestinstampscollection.*Apersonwiththeinterestsuausllyliveinahappylife.Interested(a.)*beinterestedin+n./doingsth7.live(v.)生活(a.)alivefootballmatchalive(adj.)living(adj.)lively(adj.)life(n..)Whentheboywasfoundatlast.hewasstillalive.Wemustleartalivinglanguagenotadeadone.Theyoungareusuallylivelyandactive.8.ontheearth二intheworld当earth作为地球时.前加“the”space前不加“the”9.good.文中为n.用处二use*Iamonlytellingyouthisforyourowngood.*Whatgoodisitrepaintingifyouarethinkingofmoving？10.1)make....+adj.makeushealthy/makeitlighter.make….+n..WeallmadeMaryourmoniton.班长make....+dosth.makemefinishitinanhour.2)lessnoisy*Thisbagischeaperthanthatone.*Thissbagislessexpensivethanthatone.11else通常位于疑问词或nothing.nobody.noone.something.anything等不定代词之后*Whatelsedidhesay?*Doyouwantanythingelse.Sir? Thanksnothingelse.12.woods(n..)apieceofwoodwoods=forestwooden(a..)heend=finally.atlastattheendof+time/place14.1)suppose(that)+asentence*Scientistsupposethatlargedinosaurslivedinswamps.2)enjoy+n./doingsth.来源：网络转载3)breathe(v.)呼吸Beoutofbreath气喘吁吁Takeadeepbreath做一次深呼吸.thank...for+n./doingsth*Thankforyourhelp*Tduce(v.)Production(n.)生产过程theproductionofcarsProduct(n.)产品well-madeproductscostmore制作精美的产品比一般贵.enoughoxygen/time/money…Enough+n(+todo…)Adj+enough(+todo…).keepsb/sth+adj.保持…处于某种状态Imsorrytokeepyouwaitingfors010ngKeepsb/sth+doing让..一直做某事19.TreesnotonlycleantheairbutalsocoolitTreescooltheairandcleanitaswell20.natural(a.)nature(n.)naturally(adv.).know/learn/eatalot.alot跟v.后alotoftrees/water=lotsoftrees/water.v+alot表程度alotof=lotsof+n.(单，复，不可)表数量.begin(v.)begintod。….二begindoing…beginning(n.)atthebeginningof…在。。。开始.warn.(v.)——givesb.noticeofsth.Dangerousmayhappen.warnsb.ofsth./warnsb.(not)todosth.Theteacherwarnedtheboysofthedeepwaiter.Shewarnedherhusbandofthedangerofdrivingsofast.Thepolicemanwarnedtheboynottoplayfootballinthestreets.warning(n.)tect....frome/against.1)Youshouidputonmoreclothestoprotectyourselfagainst/fromcold.2)Stection(n