大学英语第2册 第1单元

bustling(L2)adj.

(aplace)fullofpeopleandverybusyandlively繁忙的，熙熙攘攘的abustlingcity/porthustleandbustle

n.

busyandnoisyactivity忙乱嘈杂；喧闹e.g.Sheistiredofthehustleandbustleofcitylife.她对都市生活的喧闹繁忙厌倦了。Languagefocusbustlev.(+adv./prep.)

todothingsinahurriedandbusyway

匆忙地做成

Thorabustledabouttheflat,gettingeverythingready.

2.n.

busyactivity繁忙

Isatinacafé,watchingthe(hustleand)bustleofthestreetoutside.

bustling

adj.繁忙的，熙攘的

Thisusedtobeabustling(=fullofbusyactivity)townbutalotofpeoplehavemovedawayoverrecentyears.

Nanjingisabustlingcity.attachsth(tosth)(L7)1）tofastenorjoinonethingtoanother把…固定，把…附上（反）detache.g.Attachthecoupontothefrontofyourletter.

把优惠券附在信的正面。e.gDetachthecouponandreturnitassoonaspossible.将优惠券撕下后尽快寄回。认为…有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等）；重视attachimportance,significance,value,weight,etc.(tosth)中译英：我认为这项研究十分重要。Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.见附件PleasecheckthefileattheattachmentIenclosed.

或者说Pleasefindthefileattheattachment.

Pleasefindattached/enclosedphotos另附照片，请查tender

adj.

1)LITERARYyoung

Hewassentofftoboardingschoolat

thetenderageofseven.

2)gentle,caringorsympathetic温柔的，关心的

atenderlook/smile

Whatyouneedissometenderlovingcare.

你需要的是一些关爱。

tender-hearteda.verykindandsympathetic软心肠的

Mymotheristender-hearted.

…topositionthekeyjustso(L14) topositionthekeycarefullytofitintothenarrowkeyslotnotintheleast(L15):

notatall Someonedon’tintheleastappreciatetheMarilynMonroekindofbeauty.

中译英：他一点也不担心英语听写。

HeisnotintheleastworriedabouttheEnglishdictation.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesounds(thekeymade)ashedidthosefewtimes(whenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot).(L15)translation:钥匙声响给他带来的快乐也许并不亚于他偶尔碰巧将钥匙塞进槽口时的快乐。大学时代朋友小酌给我们带来的快乐也许并不亚于工作以后加薪带来的快乐。outofthedrinkswehadincollegewithfriendsWeprobablygotasmuchpleasure

as

wedidafterbeingemployedwhenwegotapay-raise.findone’sway(L17):reachadestinationnaturally;arriveat It’shardtofindyourwayaroundwhengoingtoanewcity.

这些过度花钱的坏习惯已经渗透到了大学校园。Thosebadhabitsofover-spendingmoneyhavefoundtheirwayintocampus.initial(L22):

oforatthebeginning,first(a.,usedonlybeforen.)Theinitialsorrowturnedintotheangerwhenheknewtherealreasonofhisfather’sdeath.theinitialissueofamagazine杂志的创刊号theinitialletteroftheword我最初的反应是婉言谢绝这个邀请。(p14I.1.5)Myinitialreactionwastodeclinetheinvitation.派生词initiate(v.)

发起initiative

(n.)

主动性，积极性initially

adv.

inthebeginningInitially,yes.Butnotinthelongrun.initiativen.首创精神；主动行为；进取心onone’sowninitiative:doneaccordingtoone’sownplanandwithouthelp（主动地）Hediditonhisowninitiative.taketheinitiativeby/indoingsth

采取主动，主动做某事assistPattern:assistsb.todosth.assistsb.with/insth.assistsb.indongsth.YouwillberequiredtoassistProfessorSmithtoprepare/inpreparing/withareport.Sheemployedawomantoassistherwiththehousework.Weassisthiminhisdifficulty.我们帮助他解决困难。await(L25):(fml)waitfor(P14.I.1.9) Therearemanychallengesawaitingus,ourAmericanpeopleinthenextcentury.

“Await”isafairlycommonwordinformalwriting,butyoudonotusuallyuseitinconversation.Insteadyouuse“waitfor”awaitVSwait这两个词都是动词，又都有“期待”、“等候”之意，但用法有所不同，它们的区别如下：（一）await是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，大都是抽象名词，如：decision,reply,arrival,announcement，approval等；；wait一般作不及物动词用，waitfor的宾语一般是人或事物。

Weawaityourreplywithkeeninterest.

我们殷切地等着你们的回音。

Ihavebeenwaitingforherforanhouratthebusstop．我在公共车站等候她已一小时了。（二）await之后接名词或动名词；wait之后接动词不定式。例如：

Weshallawaithearingfurtherfromthem．

Weshallwaittohearfurtherfromthem．我们在静候他们进一步的消息。

Weawait（orwaitfor）yourreply．

Wewaitfor（不能用await）youtoreply．

(三）当await的主语是没有生命的事物而宾语是人时，await表示beinstore或lieinwaitfor之意。如：

Onarrivingattheguesthouse，hefoundatelegramawaitinghim．

Littledidherealizewhatasurpriseawaitedhimathome．

Aheartywelcomewillawaityou．请注意，Timeandtidewait（s）fornoman（岁月不待人）的wait既可以加s，亦可不加s。

insert(L24)plugin/plungeinsertthepluginasocket/connectionpanel(plugin)somewhat(L24)atouchof/alittle/abit有所触动面露嗔色语带谐谑略带困意besomewhatmovedlooksomewhatdispleasedspeaksomewhatjokinglyfeelsomewhatdrowsysomewhat:tosomedegree,alittleIwassomewhatrelievedtofindthathewasthere.somewhatof+N.:akindof,ratherSheissomewhatofanartist.(有点艺术才能）Thecakewemadewassomewhatofafailure.（不太成功）expectantly(L25)

拭目以待waitandsee,waitexpectantlyonoccasion（L25）:nowandthen

(P14.I.1.2) Theheavypressureinthecitymadehimgotothecountrysideonoccasionforarelaxation.

Iwasusuallytheonlyforeignparticipant,althoughonoccasionIbroughtotherAmericansinasguests.frownVi.皱眉，表示不悦（或不赞同）(at,on/upon)

Peterfrownedatthenoisecomingfromtheboy’sbedroom.

皮特听到从男孩房间里传出的吵闹省皱起了眉头。

Herparentsfrownedonherearlymarriage.

她的父母不赞成她早婚。n.皱眉，不悦

Inoticedaslightfrownofdisapprovalonhisface.Translationpractice

欣逢佳节

onthehappyoccasionofthefestival际此盛会

ontheoccasionofthegrandgathering值此举国欢庆之际

ontheoccasionofthenationalcelebratingneglect(L26)辨析：neglect/overlook★(

)children/animalneglectfailtotakecareofsb/sth没有照看好★e.g.Weshouldnot()suchaseriousoffence.overlooktoseesthwrongorbadbutdecidetoignoreit(对不良现象等）视而不见ignore:paynoattentiontosb./sth.onpurpose,orasifsth.hasnothappened Hecompletelyignoredallthesefactsasiftheyneverexisted.neglect&ignore

neglect:givetoolittleattentionorcareto Theinvestmentturnedouttobeafailureandthemanagerwasaccusedofneglectinghisduties.neglect

neglect

givetoolittleattentionorcareto

侧重于表示给与很少重视

ignore

paynoattentiontosb.orsth.onpurposeasifsthhasnothappened.故意不重视

Davidgivetoomuchattentiontohisbusiness,neglectinghisfamily.

neglectone’sduty/one’sstudy/one’swork

Isaid“Hello”,buhejustignoredmeandwalkedon.

ignoretrafficregulations/myadvice/theircriticisme.g.Thesefactsthrownewlightonthematter.要更好的说明此事，我们需要更可靠的证据。Tothrowmorelightontheissue,weneedmorereliableevidences.Thesefactsthrewnewlightonthematter.throw/cast/shedlighton

provideanexplanationforitorinformationwhichmakesiteasiertounderstand阐明某事；使人了解某事；使某事显得非常清楚withafewexceptions

L34e.g.Withafewexceptionshisnovelsareimmediatesuccesses.除了少数几本以外，他的小说都一炮走红。withoutexception

这部电影除了开头和结尾其他场景都是以中国为背景的。AllthismovieissetinChinawiththeexceptionofthebeginningandthefinalscenarios.withtheexceptionof

爱德华·诺顿娜奥米·沃茨

withtheexceptionof

without

exception

所有学生都必须参加英语考试，无一例外。AllstudentswithoutexceptionmusttaketheEnglishexamination.破例makeanexceptionWedon’tusuallyacceptlateapplications,butsinceyouweresosickI’llmakeanexception.(P14I.1.10)ultimate

a.1)finalorlast;basic

theultimateobjective最终目标

theultimatetruth最终真理

anultimateprinciple基本原理

2)

mostextremeorimportantbecauseeithertheoriginalorfinal,orthebestorworst:

TheultimatedecisionaboutwhotoemploylieswithAndrew.注意：

像ultimate,extreme,absolute这些表示“终极，极端”含义的词语，已经没有比较级和最高级了。

n.sborsththatacommentorstatementdoesn’tapplyto

例外WiththeexceptionofJohn,everyonewastired.Mostchildrenlikesweets,butthereissomeexceptions.Thereisanexceptiontothisgrammaticalrule./Thiscaseisanexceptionto

therule.Studentsmustanswerallthequestions;Icanmakeno

exception.(butinyourcase,Ican

makeanexception.)Snowthislateintheyearisexceptional.

（不寻常的，少有的，）‘She’sbeenexceptionally

goodtome.（异乎寻常地，特别地）exceptiondesirablea.worthwantingorhavingorachieving

值得向往/拥有的，合乎需要的，称心的

Thisisadesirableresidencefortheold.Itismostdesirablethatyoushouldbothcome.desirous

a.havingawishforsth.;wanting

Peopleallovertheworldaredesirousofpeace.Theyaredesirousofrestoringrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.

proceed

Pattern:proceedto/withsth.

proceedtodosth.vi.1)begintodo开始做，进而做

Thetalksproceededinafriendlyatmosphere.Let’sproceedtothenextitemontheagenda.

让我们进入下一个议程。

Hislawyershavedecidednottoproceedwiththecase.Pleaseproceedwithyourwork.

2)continuetodo(尤指打断后）继续进行，继续做）

Wethenproceededtodiscusstheproblem.Youneedn’tstopspeakingwhensomeoneenterstheroom;pleaseproceed.accomplish(L41):

managetodo Ifyouworkhardandnevergiveup,youwillabsolutelyaccomplishyourgoaloflife.大功告成！Missionaccomplished!induecourse（L43):

atthepropertime;eventually在适当的时候

e.g.Bepatient.Youwillgetyourpromotioninduecourse.离开办公室时我们只是被告知委员会将会在适当时候考虑我们的申请。(P14.I.1.14)Allweweretoldbeforeleavingtheofficewasthatthecommitteewouldconsiderourapplicationsinduecourse.veryseriousordangerous有危机的，严峻的

AsthesituationinIraqbecamecritical,theUNSecretary-Generalappointedaspecialrepresentativetotackleit.critical(L48)veryimportant重要的

Whetheryoumaymeetthedemandsofthecustomerswillbecriticaltothesuccessofthiscampaign.makeupfor弥补L52Nothingcanmakeupforthelossoffeelingsbetweenlovers.Diligencecouldmakeupforthelackofexperience.中译英：勤奋可以弥补经验的不足。p14.I.1.8alone I’drathernotgotodanceonmyown.Idowishyou’dcomewithme.onone’sown(L38)withoutanyone’shelp Althoughherfatheristhepresidentofthatfirm,sheinsistedgettingthejobonherown(/byherself/herself).P17.III.3,6inretrospectL59

P14.I.1.4“retro-”back,backward向后“pro-”forward向前progressive前进的，进步的retrogressive

倒退的，后退的

prospect

可能性，希望Hissuccessisinprospect(likelytohappen).retrospect回顾，回想facilityn.abilitytodosth.easilyandwell;(pl.)equipment,aids,etc.whichmakeiteasytodothings熟练,灵巧;设备,设施ShespeaksEnglishwithfacility.(熟练地）Hisfacility

forlanguagesisastonishing.

aphonewith

amemoryfacilityTheylackthemostelementarysanitary/recreationalfacilities.(表示设施时常用复数）facile

a.

notdifficult,easy

Itwasafacilevictory.这是一个轻取得胜利。Heisamanwithfacilepen(tongue).他是一个笔头快的人（能说会道的人）。facilitate:vt

makesth.easyComputersfacilitateindustrialautomation.somuchsothat:

L68

tosuchanextent Someparentsspoiltheirchildrensomuchsothattheyneveraskthemtodoanyhousework.

他很想上大学，连做梦都想。Heislongingforgoingtocollegesomuchsothatheevendreamsaboutit.continuous:

itindicatesanactioncarryingonwithoutstoppingorinterruption（连续的）

Thebrainneedsacontinuoussupplyofblood.continual&continuous(L70)

continual:

itdescribesseparateactionswhicharerepeatedoveraperiodoftime（经常的）

Recentlytheyoungcouplehavehadcontinualargumentswitheachotherbecauseoftrifles.sth.thatholdsahighplaceamongcompetingclaims重点，优先权

Theproposalsdeservesupportastheygiveprioritytotheneedsofchildren.sth.thatonemustdobeforeanythingelse最重要的事

Earningenoughmoneytomaintainhisfamilyisahigh/firstpriorityforhimduringthisperiod.priority

(L79)putinthefirstplace/placebeforeeverythingelseThisprojecthaspriorityoverallothers.比…有优先权NowadaysstudentsusuallygiveprioritytoEnglishandcomputerstudies.Banksnormallygiveprioritytolargebusinesseswhendecidingonloansenjoypriorityin

在…方面享受优先权Officialbusinessrequirementsobviouslytake/havepriorityoverpersonalrequests(=Officialbusinessmatterswillbedealtwithfirst).harborvt.1)keepsth,secretlyinone’smind怀有

He'sbeenharboringagrudge(dislike)againsthereversincehispromotionwasrefused.Weharbornoillusionsabouthim.

我们对他不抱幻想。2)toprotectsomeoneorsomethingbad,especiallybyhidingthemwhenthepolicearelookingforthem包庇；窝藏

to

harboracriminal

n.海港，港湾

Ourhotelroomoverlookedaprettylittle

fishingharbour.

comparable

a.thatcanbecomaredwithsth

比得上的，可比的(patible:sththatexistorworkinagreementtogetherorwith

another可相融的，相协调的，一致的），bothcanbefollowedbytheprep.

WithOurhouseisnotcomparablewithyours.Oursisjustasmallhutwhileyoursisapalace.Hisworkiscomparablewiththeverybest.Hisdeedswerenotcompatiblewithhiswords.Doyouthinkthatreligioniscompatiblewithscience?pickupL901）learn/acquire（无意）学到，获得他从机场的宣传册上学到了几句英文。HepickedupafewEnglishfromthepamphletsintheairport.2)pickuphealth

恢复3）pickupsignal

接收4）pickupspeed

增加paretw