微电子专业外语2

专业外语姓名：陈军宁蔺智挺时间：二○一三年三月BasicMOSDevicePhysicsWethenidentifytheparasiticcapacitancesofMOSFETs,deriveasmall-signalmodel,andpresentasimpleSPICEmodel.注意parasitic,derive,SPICEDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitParasitic,derive,…Parasitic英音：[,pærə'sitik]美音：[,pærə'sɪtɪk]寄生的

derive英音：[di'raiv]美音：[dɪ'raɪv]取得,得到

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitSPICESPICE（Simulationprogramwithintegratedcircuitemphasis）是最为普遍的电路级模拟程序，各软件厂家提供提供了Vspice、Hspice、Pspice等不同版本spice软件，其仿真核心大同小异，都是采用了由美国加州Berkeley大学开发的spice模拟算法。.subcktnandopab....end

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsWeassumethatthereaderisfamiliarwithsuchbasicconceptsasdoping,mobility,andpnjunctions.注意doping,mobility,andpnjunctionsDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitdoping,mobility,…doping[英][ˈdəupiŋ][美][ˈdopɪŋ]n.(半导体)掺杂(质)，加添加剂[填料]

mobility英音：[məu'biliti]美音：[mo'bɪlətɪ]迁移率pnjunctionspn结

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitsoastoBasicMOSDevicePhysicsBeforedelvingintotheactualoperationoftheMOSFET,weconsiderasimplisticmodelofthedevicesoastogainafeelingforwhatthetransistorisexpectedtobeandwhichaspectsofitsbehaviorareimportant.注意delvinginto,soastoDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitdelvinginto,soasto…delvingintodelve[delv]vi.钻研；探究；挖Delvingintobooks

啃书本soasto以便

Thetestquestionsarekeptsecret,soastopreventcheating.

试题必须保密,以防作弊。

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsShowninFig.2.1isthesymbolforann-typeMOSFET,revealingthreeterminals:gate(G),source(S),anddrain(D).Thelattertwoareinterchangeablebecausethedeviceissymmetric.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsWhenoperatingasaswitch,thetransistor"connects"thesourceandthedraintogetherifthegatevoltage,VGis”high”andisolatesthesourceandthedrainifthegatevoltage,VGis”low”.VGDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitInotherwordsinotherwords换句话说Inotherwords,shemustgiveupsinging.换言之,她必须放弃唱歌。inaword总之Inaword,Ican'tgooutasIhavemanythingstodo.总而言之,我不能出去,因为我有许多事情要做。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsWhatisresistancebetweenSandDwhenthedeviceison(oroff)?Howdoesthisresistancedependontheterminalvoltages?注意dependonDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitdependondependon依赖；依靠Hisfamilydependonhim.他的一家人全靠他养活。取决于（某人或某事）Theamountyoupaydependsonwhereyoulive.你付钱多少取决于你住在哪里。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitdependondependent依靠的；依赖的dependent是depend的形容词形式。dependenton取决于（某事物）Thesuccessoftheshowisalwaysdependentontheweather.演出能否成功总是取决于天气情况。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsCanwealwaysmodelthepathbetweenSandDbyasimplelinearresistor?Whatlimitsthespeedofthedevice?Fig.2.2showsasimplifiedstructureofann-typeMOS(NMOS)device.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsFabricatedonap-typesubstrate(alsocalledthe"bulk"orthe"body'),thedeviceconsistsoftwoheavily-dopednregionsformingthesourceanddrainterminals,aheavily-doped(conductive)pieceofpolysilicon(oftensimplycalled"poly")operatingasthegate,andathinlayerofsilicondioxide(SiO2)insulatingthegatefromthesubstrate.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitFabricated，

heavily-doped，

polysiliconfabricated制造，组装；伪造，捏造（fabricate的过去分词）fabricatedProduct

加工制品fabricatedstructure

装配式结构heavily-doped高掺杂polysilicon[pɔli'silikən][晶体]多晶硅DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitsilicondioxidesilicondioxide二氧化硅nativesilicondioxide

天然二氧化硅silicondioxideetching

二氧化硅腐蚀silicondioxidemasking

二氧化硅掩蔽DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsTheusefulactionofthedeviceoccursinthesubstrateregionunderthegateoxide.NotethatthestructureissymmetricwithrespecttoSandD.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsThedimensionofthegatealongthesource-drainpathiscalledthelengthL,andthatperpendiculartothelengthiscalledthewidth,W.注意：dimension;perpendiculartoDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitPerpendicular,dimensionperpendicular[英][ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ][美][

ˌpə:pənˈdɪkjəlɚ]Theleftwingdippeduntilitwasperpendiculartotheground.左翼下垂至与地面成90度角。dimension

[英][diˈmenʃən][美][

dɪˈmɛnʃən,daɪ-]尺寸；面积，范围；[物]量纲；[数]次元，度Thisaddsanewdimensiontoourwork.这给我们的工作增添了新的内容。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsSinceduringfabricator,theS/Djunctions"side-diffuse'',theactualdistancebetweenthesourceandthedrainisslightlylessthanL.注意：

Since;fabricator;side-diffuseDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitSince一．Since作为介词，后接某一确定的时间点，主句谓语动词是持续性动词，常与现在完成时态、现在完成进行时态或过去完成时态连用。例如：1、Heleftthevillagein1982andIhaven’tseenhimsincethen.1982年他离开这个村子，从那以后我再没见过他。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitSince二．Since作为副词，表示从过去以来、以后或到现在的情形或状态，常与现在完成时态连用。例如：Helefthometwoweeksagoandwehaven’theardfromhimsince.他两周前离开了家，到现在我们一直没有他的消息。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitSince三．since引导原因状语从句作为连词，since可引导原因状语从句，表示因为；既然；鉴于：Hedidn’tcomesincehewasbusy.他因为忙，所以没有来。四．Since引导时间状语从句Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.自从他来到我们学校，他学习非常努力。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitFabricatior，

side-diffusefabricator[

ˈfæbrikeitə

]n.

捏造者；制作者；假造者；杜撰者side-diffusediffuse[英][diˈfju:s][美][

dɪˈfjuz]四散的；散开的；冗长的；累赘的DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsToavoidconfusion,wewrite,Leff=Ldrawn-2LD,whereLeffisthe"effective"length,Ldrawnisthetotallength,andLDistheamountofsidediffusion.注意：

avoid;where;amountofDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitavoid从意思上看，可表示“避开”或“躲避”(keeponeselffrom)某人或某物；也可表示“防止”(prevent)某事的发生。如：Ithinksheisavoidingme.从用法上看，其后可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但是不能接不定式作宾语。如：他避而不答我的问题。正：Heavoidedansweringmyquestions.误：Heavoidedtoanswermyquestions.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitamountofanamountof相当数量的;一些该词组后面要接不可属名词,和anumberof不一样如:agreatamountofintelligence.非常聪明theamountof"...的量"如:theamountofmoney钱数theamountofprofit利润额还是修饰不可属名词

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsAswewillseelater,Leffandthegateoxidethickness,tox,playanimportantroleintheperformanceofMOScircuits.注意：

playanimportantroleinDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitplayanimportantrolein在...中起重要作用Computersplayanimportantroleinscienceandtechnology．Play(s)animportantrole/part

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsConsequently,theprincipalthrustinMOStechnologydevelopmentistoreducebothofthesedimensionsfromonegenerationtothenextwithoutdegradingotherparametersofthedevice.注意：

thrust;degrading;parametersDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitthrust,degradthrust[英][θrʌst][美][

θrʌst]

vt.&vi.猛推；逼迫；延伸n.刺；推力；[军]突击；[地]逆断层degrad[英][diˈɡreid][美][

dɪˈɡred]vt.降低，贬低；使降级；降低……身分；使丢脸

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitparameter[英][pəˈræmitə][美][

pəˈræmɪtɚ]

n.

[数]参数；<物><数>参量；限制因素；决定因素Thereisplentyofscopeforexperimentation,providedweremainwithintheparametersofthebudget.

只要我们不超过预算,可以试验的方面是很多的。

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsIftheMOSstructureissymmetric,whydowecallonenregionthesourceandtheotherthedrain?注意：

symmetric

adj.相称性的，均衡的DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitThethreemaintypesofCMOSprocessesare:·n-wellCMOSwhichusesap-typesubstrate.AswithNMOStechnology,theNMOStransistorsareformedbydiffusingn-typematerialintothesubstrate.ForthePMOStransistors,awellofn-typeisdiffusedinthesubstrateandthep-typediffusionthendefinesthedrainandsourceofthePMOStransistors.ThistypeiscompatiblewithNMOStechnologyasitusesap-typesubstrate.·p-wellCMOSwhichusesann-typesubstrate.PMOStransistorsareformedbydiffusingp-typematerialintothesubstrate.ForNMOStransistorsawellofn-typeisdiffusionfollowedbyap-typediffusionwithinthewell.Thistechnologyisnotaspopularasn-wellCMOSasitincompatiblewithNMOSfabrication.·TwintubCMOSwhichusesbothn-typeandp-typewellsinalightlydopedsubstrate.课上作业BasicMOSDevicePhysicsThisbecomesclearifthesourceisdefinedastheterminalthatprovidesthechargecarriers(electronsinthecaseofNMOSdevices)andthedrainastheterminalthatcollectsthem.注意：

inthecaseof;asDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitinthecaseofincaseof[简明英汉词典]adv.假设,万一

ForUseOnlyinCaseofFire灭火专用inthecaseof[简明英汉词典]adv.在...的情况InthecaseoflearningChinese,misconceptionspersist.在中文文的学习方面，有些人还是存有错误观念。

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitasas用作连词引导时间状语从句as与when，while有区别：用when时，从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生；用while时，从句的动作为一过程，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生；用as时，主句和从句的动作同时发生，具有延续的含义。Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitasas用作连词引导原因状语从句

as，because，since都可以表示因果关系，连接原因状语从句，含义是"因为，由于"，但它们有区别：because表示的语气最强；as一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化；since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作"既然"。

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitasas作连词引导让步状语从句as与although，however等都可以引导让步状语从句，含义是"虽然，尽管"，但它们有区别：although主句中不能再用but，但可以用yet；as引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；however引导让步状语从句时，它的后面可跟形容词或副词。Strangeasitmayseem,nobodywasinjuredintheaccident.这次意外虽然显得令人不可思议，却没有人受伤。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsThus,asthevoltagesatthethreeterminalsofthedevicevary,thesourceandthedrainmayexchangeroles.Theseconceptsarepracticedintheproblemsattheendofthechapter.注意：attheendofDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitattheendofintheend意思是终于；intheendof意思是在……结束的时候bytheendof意思是到…为止attheendof意思是在……末端/终点/结尾Intheend,wefoundthehouse.我们终于找到了那所房子。Iamalltiredintheendoftheday.一天下来我筋疲力尽。Letmeknowbytheendoftheweek.这个周末前给我回音。DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsWehavethusfarignoredthesubstrateonwhichthedeviceisfabricated.Inreality,thesubstratepotentialgreatlyinfluencesthedevicecharacteristics.注意：

thusfar;substrate;potentialDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitthusfar;potentialthusfarasthus这样,因此,这样一来thusandthus这样这样;如此这般thusfar至今,于今,到现在为止,到此为止thusmuch这么多;到这里为止potential[英][pəˈtenʃəl][美][

pəˈtɛnʃəl]

潜在的,潜力,电位Theboyhasgreatpotential这个男孩非常有潜质DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsThatis,theMOSFETisafour-terminaldevice.SinceintypicalMOSoperationtheS/Djunctiondiodesmustbereverse-biased,weassumethesubstrateofNMOStransistorsisconnectedtothemostnegativesupplyinthesystem.注意：

reverse-biased;assumeDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitassumeassume后面直接跟宾语，用法三例：assume+n

如Wecannotassumeanythinginthiscase.2.assume+某人+tobe...

如assumehimtobeinnocent3.assume(that)+宾语从句

如assume(that)heisinnocentDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsForexample,ifacircuitoperatesbetweenzeroand3volts.V(sub,noms)=0.Theactualconnectionisusuallyprovidedthroughanohmicp+region,asdepictedinthesideviewofthedeviceinFig.2.3.注意：

ohmic;asdepictedin;thesideviewDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitohmic,asdepictedin,thesideviewohmic

adj.欧姆的，以欧姆测定的asdepictedin

depict[英][diˈpikt][美][

dɪˈpɪkt]描绘，描画；asshowninthesideview侧视图DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsFromasimplisticviewpoint,thePMOSdeviceisobtainedbynegatingallofthedopingtypes(includingthesubstrate),butinpractice,NMOSandPMOSdevicesmustbefabricatedonthesamewafer,i.e.,thesamesubstrate.注意：

negating;i.e.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitnegating,i.e.negate[英][nɪˈgeɪt][美][

nɪˈɡet]

vt.取消，使无效；否定，否认；使作废i.e.i.e.是拉丁文idest的缩写，它的意思就是“那就是说，换句话说”，等同于“thatis，inotherwords”，目的是用来进一步解释前面所说的观点。

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuiti.e.e.g.是拉丁文exempligratia的缩写，它的意思是“举个例子，比如”，等同与“forexample”,目的就是用几个例子来说明前面的观点。

etc.它是etcetera的缩写，意思是“等等”，相当于“andsoon”

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuiti.e.e.g.和etc.不能出现在同一句话中，因为e.g.是表示泛泛的举几个例子，并没有囊括所有的实例，其中就已经包含“等等”，如果再加一个etc.就画蛇添足了，

Writinginstructorsfocusonanumberofcomplexskillsthatrequireextensivepractice(e.g.,organization,clearexpression,logicalthinking,etc.)

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsForthisreason,onedevicetypecanbeplacedina"localsubstrate;'usuallycalleda"well”.Inmostoftoday'sCMOSprocesses,thePMOSdeviceisfabricatedinann-well.注意：

processes过程(process的名词复数)；工序；做事方法；工艺流程DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsNotethatthen-wellmustbeconnectedtoapotentialsuchthattheS/DjunctiondiodesofthePMOStransistorremainreverse-biasedunderallconditions.注意：

underallconditions所有条件下DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsInmostcircuits,then-wellistiedtothemostpositivesupplyvoltage.Forthesakeofbrevity,wesometimescallNMOSandPMOSdevices"NFETs"and"PFETs”,respectively.注意：

forthesakeof,respectivelyDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitforthesakeofHearguesforthesakeofarguing.

他是为争辩而争辩。

forthesakeof有比较强的目的性，可以说是：为了

asaresultof单纯指某原因造成某结果

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitrespectively各自（respectively）指的是两个或以上人或事按照预先描述过的顺序出现。比如：Bobby,NicoleandDarenworered,greenandbluecoats,respectively.List1List2Bobbyworearedcoat.Nicoleworeagreencoat.Darenworeabluecoat.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitrespectivelyList2中的事物是按照list1中的顺序出现的。这种做法可以避免写多个短句子，同时也使逻辑显得清晰。通常，respectively在句子的末尾出现，它总是强调事物出现的顺序，否则没有必要使用。错误用法1放错位置，放在了所指的名词的前面Incorrect:Equations2,6canberespectivelylinearizedas:……(equationsgiven)…Correct:Equations2,6canbelinearizedas:……(equationsgiven)…,respectively.DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitrespectivelyIncorrect:Theweightsofthetwoexpertsarerespectively0.600and0.400.19Correct:Theweightsofthetwoexpertsare0.600and0.400,respectively.错误用法2加了等于没加，即使不加这个词，也可以从句子中获得各自对应顺序的信息

DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsFig.2.4indicatesaninterestingdifferencebetweenNMOSandPMOStransistors:whileallNFETssharethesamesubstrate,eachPFETcanhaveanindependentn-well.注意：

whileDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsThisflexibilityofPFETsisexploitedinsomeanalogcircuits.ThecircuitsymbolsusedtorepresentNMOSandPMOStransistorsareshowninFig.2.5.注意：

flexibility，exploited，useDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitflexibility，exploited

flexibility[英][ˌfleksɪˈbɪlɪtɪ][美][

ˌflɛksəˈbɪlətɪ]

n.柔韧性，机动性，灵活性exploitvt.开采；开拓；利用（……为自己谋利）；剥削近义词advantage得益，获利DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuituseusedto是“过去曾经...”的意思，后接动词比如：Heusedtobeateacher。他曾经是一名教师Iusedtogoswimmingonceaweek。我曾经每周都去游泳beusedto是“习惯...”的意思，后接名词Heisusedtogettingupearly.他习惯了早起Maryisusedtoherhusband‘sbadtemper.Mary习惯了她丈夫的坏脾气DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitusegetusedto强调的是由“不习惯”到“习惯”的这个过程，而“beusedto”所强调的只是“习惯了”这个状态DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsThesymbolsinFig.2.5(b)containallfourterminals,withthesubstratedenotedby"B"(bulk)ratherthan"S"toavoidconfusionwiththesource.注意：

avoid+n/-ingDesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsThesourceofthePMOSdeviceispositionedontopasavisualaidbecauseithasahigherpotentialthanitsgate.注意：

asavisualaid作为视觉辅助DesignofAnalogCOMSIntegratedCircuitBasicMOSDevicePhysicsSinceinmostcircuitsthebulkterminalsofNMOSandPMOSdevicesaretiedtogroundandVdd,respectively,weusuallyomittheseconnectionsindrawingFig.2.5(a).注意：

omit;indrawingFigxxD