广州市高三英语词汇竞赛题-Jan 10th

学年广州市高三英语词汇竞赛（2018-01）EnglishVocabularyCompetitionforSenior3（完成时间：40-45分钟；满分：100分）选择最佳答案(1x40=40)1.TheChinese________forcrisisconsistsoftwowords—WeiJi,theformermeaningdangerandthelatterreferringtoopportunities.A.expression B.impression C.explanation D.information2.Nowadayssomeprotectiveparentswantto________theirkidsfromeverykindofdanger,realorimagined.A.spot B.dismiss C.shelter D.distinguish3.IfIfindsomeonewholookslikethesuspect,my________reactionwillbetotellthepolice.A.physical B.immediate C.sensitive D.sudden4.Fearingunemployment,almostonemillionpeoplesatChina'scivilserviceexaminationinordertoget________jobs. A.proper B.suitable C.generous D.secure5.Thistelephonebillis______amistake.ItsaysIowe3milliondollars. A.accidentally B.purposefully C.obviously D.formally6.Agoodteachershouldleavesometimeforthestudentsto________theinformationtheyreceiveinclass. A.introduce B.receive C.digest D.accept7.Thephotographerneedstochargeupthedigitalcameraeverydayasitsbattery________quickly. A.shutsup B.endsup C.runsout D.turnsout8.Johnworkedhardathislessonsandgained________toafamousuniversity. A.permission B.admission C.agreement D.freedom9.ThepopulationofAfricais________sorapidlythatexpertsfeartheremaybefoodshortagesinsomeregions. A.expanding B.stretching C.extending D.spreading10.Helendevotedherself________toherresearchandbecameatopscientistinthefieldofappliedphysics. A.seriously B.extremely C.strictly D.entirely11.TheUSwillstop______togreenclimatefundsbecausetheyfeeltheyarepayingtoomuch.A.attaching B.contributing C.opposing D.referring12.Whenyou______moneyfromthebank,comparesyoursignaturewiththeoneinitsfilestoseeifitisauthentic.A.deposit B.dismiss C.remove D.withdraw13.Plansareunderwayforanew______attheairport.A.carriage B.harbour C.strait D.terminal14.Unfortunately,bythetimetheambulancearrivedhewas______.A.unbearable B.uncomfortable C.unconsciousD.unemployed15.Theproposalwas______astooconservativebythecommittee.A.declined B.rejected C.refused D.resisted16.Amonghermany______areloyalty,courage,andtruthfulness.A.virtues B.varieties C.victories D.victims17.Cheneyiseveryone’simageofa(n)______policeman:sixfeet,220poundsandslowthinking.A.typical B.initial C.mature D.merciful18.Thespreadof______areasendangerswildlife.A.disaster B.suspension C.urban D.remote19.Alotofthecommentswereapparently______andgeneral.A.specific B.vague C.constructiveD.fair20.Weknowthattasteinartisa(n)______matter.A.impressive B.objective C.persuasive D.subjective21.Theprintedwordisno______forpersonaldiscussionwithagreatthinker.A.substitute B.consideration C.provision D.allowance22.Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto______betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.A.raise B.promote C.heighten D.increase23.Inchildren’smindstheSpringFestivalis______withnicefoodandpresents.A.connected B.joined C.combined D.associated24.To______thesuccessintheWorldCup,theChineseteamhavebeenpractisingveryhardoverthepastfewmonths.A.insure B.assume C.ensure D.secure25.Thesoldierwas______ofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.A.scolded B.charged C.accused D.punished26.He’swatchingTV?He’s______tobeclearinghisroom!A.known B.supposed C.regarded D.considered27.Ifyoususpectthattheillnessmightbeseriousyoushouldnot______goingtothedoctor.A.putoff B.holdback C.putaside D.holdup28.Heseemedtohavecometoaroadblockinsolvingtheproblem,sohesimply______ whatevercameintohishead.A.putaside B.putaway C.putback D.putdown29.TheFrenchpianistwhohadbeenpraisedveryhighly______tobeagreatdisappointment.A.turnedup B.turnedin C.turnedout D.turneddown30.Peoplecouldhardly______theirangerwhentheyfoundmillionsofdollarsof publicfundshadbeenusedtobuildluxurioushousesforcityofficials.A.holdback B.drawback C.holdover D.holdup同义词选择从A、B、C、D中选出可替换句中画线部分的最佳选项。31.Allthetime,thecaptaintriedtopreserveourgoodspiritsbytellingstoriesandtalkinghopefullyaboutwhatwewoulddowhenwegotbacktoEngland. A.protect B.refresh C.keep D.content32.Theysaidthatthepainterswerecarelessandtheirpaintingswereridiculous. A.rigid B.absurd C.fantasticD.boring33.Hedeniedtakingmoney,butwewereskeptical.A.significant Bsure C.remarkableD.doubtful34.Youcanjudgeamanbyjustafewremarks.A.words B.sound C.rawD.meetings35.Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.A.fragrant B.ornate C.abnormal D.fragile36.Thequalityandnumberofacity'spublicroadsofferanexcellentmeansofgaugingitsprosperity.A.protecting B.enriching C.tracing D.judging37.IntheUnitedStatestherearenumerousfederal,stateandlocalprogramsaimedatcombatingairpollution.A.fighting B.limiting C.prohibiting D.avoiding38.Tennamesweredeletedfromthelistofthoseinvitedtoattendtheconference.A.suggestedfor B.absorbedfrom C.removedfrom D.includedin39.Adog'ssenseofsmelliskeenerthanthatofahumanbeing.A.moreinteresting B.moreacute C.moreappropriateD.moreuseful40.Theflowersonthetablewereamanifestationofthechild'sloveforhismother.A.demonstration B.(an)explanation C.combination D.satisfaction阅读理解(3X10=30)(A)Thebrainisaseeminglyendlesslibrary,whoseshelveshouseourmostpreciousmemoriesaswellasourlifetime'sknowledge.Butisthereapointwhereitreachescapacity?Theanswerisno,becausebrainsaremoresophisticated（复杂）thanthat.Insteadofjustcrowdingin,oldinformationissometimespushedoutofthebrainfornewmemoriestoform.Previousbehavioralstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformationcanleadtoforgetting.Butinanewstudy,researchersdemonstratedforthefirsttimehowthiseffectoccursinthebrain.Indailylife,forgettingactuallyhasclearadvantages.Imagine,forinstance,thatyoulostyourbankcard.Thenewcardyoureceivewillcomewithanewpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).EachtimeyourememberthenewPIN,yougraduallyforgettheoldone.Thisprocessimprovesaccesstorelevantinformation,withoutoldmemoriesinterfering.Andmostofusmaysometimesfeelthefrustrationofhavingoldmemoriesinterferewithnew,relevantmemories.Considertryingtorememberwhereyouparkedyourcarinthesamecarparkyouwereataweekearlier.Thistypeofmemory(whereyouaretryingtoremembernew,butsimilarinformation)isparticularlyvulnerabletointerference.Whenweacquirenewinformation,thebrainautomaticallytriestoincorporate（合并）itwithinexistinginformationbyformingassociations.Andwhenweretrieve（检索）information,boththedesiredandassociatedbutirrelevantinformationisrecalled.Themajorityofpreviousresearchhasfocusedonhowwelearnandremembernewinformation.Butcurrentstudiesarebeginningtoplacegreateremphasisontheconditionsunderwhichweforget,asitsimportancebeginstobemoreappreciated.Averysmallnumberofpeopleareabletorememberalmosteverydetailoftheirlife.Whileitmaysoundlikeanadvantagetomany,peoplewiththisrareconditionoftenfindtheirunusualabilityburdensome.Inasense,forgettingisourbrain'swayofsortingmemories,sothemostrelevantmemoriesarereadyforretrieval.Normalforgettingmayevenbeasafetymechanismtoensureourbraindoesn'tbecometoofull.41.Whathavepastbehavioralstudiesfoundaboutourbrain?A.Itscapacityactuallyknowsnolimits.B.Itgrowssophisticatedwithpractice.C.Itkeepsourmostpreciousmemoriesuntillife'send.D.Newinformationlearnedpushesoldinformationout.42.Whatisthebenefitofforgetting?A.Itfreesusfrompainfulmemories.B.Ithelpsslowdownouragingprocess.C.Itfacilitatesouraccesstorelevantinformation.D.Itpreventsoldinformationfromformingassociations.43.Whatistheemphasisofcurrentstudiesofmemory?A.Whenpeopletendtoforget.B.Whatcontributestoforgetting.C.Hownewtechnologyhindersmemorycapacity.D.Whylearningandforgettingarecomplementary.44.Whatdopeoplefindabouttheirrareabilitytoremembereverydetailoftheirlife? A.Itaddstotheburdenoftheirmemory. B.Itmakestheirlifemucheasier. C.Itcontributestotheirsuccessinlife. D.Itconstitutesarareobjectofenvy.45.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutforgetting? A.Itcanenlargeourbraincapacity. B.Ithelpsgetridofnegativememories. C.Itisawayoforganizingourmemories. D.Itshouldnotcauseanyalarminanyway.(B)Thatwastwoyearsafterherfather'sdeathandashorttimeafterhersweetheart—theonewebelievedwouldmarryher—haddesertedher.Afterherfather'sdeathshewentoutverylittle;afterhersweetheartwentaway,peoplehardlysawheratall.Afewoftheladieshadthenervetocall,butwerenotreceived,andtheonlysignoflifeabouttheplacewastheNegroman—ayoungmanthen—goinginandoutwithamarketbasket."Justasifaman—anyman—couldkeepakitchenproperly,"theladiessaid;sotheywerenotsurprisedwhenthesmelldeveloped.Itwasanotherlinkbetweenthegross,teemingworldandthehighandmightyGriersons.Aneighbor,awoman,complainedtothemayor,JudgeStevens,eightyyearsold.

"Butwhatwillyouhavemedoaboutit,madam?"hesaid.

"Why,sendherwordtostopit,"thewomansaid."Isn'ttherealaw?""I'msurethatwon'tbenecessary,"JudgeStevenssaid."It'sprobablyjustasnakeoraratthatservantofherskilledintheyard.I'llspeaktohimaboutit."

Thenextdayhereceivedtwomorecomplaints,onefromamanwhocameintimiddeprecation."Wereallymustdosomethingaboutit,Judge.I'dbethelastoneintheworldtobotherMissEmily,butwe'vegottodosomething."ThatnighttheBoardofAldermenmet—threegraybeardsandoneyoungerman,amemberoftherisinggeneration."It'ssimpleenough,"hesaid."Sendherwordtohaveherplacecleanedup.Giveheracertaintimetodoitin,andifshedoesn’t..."

"Dammit,sir,"JudgeStevenssaid,"willyouaccusealadytoherfaceofsmellingbad?"Sothenextnight,aftermidnight,fourmencrossedMissEmily'slawnandslunkaboutthehouselikeburglars,sniffingalongthebaseofthebrickworkandatthecellaropeningswhileoneofthemperformedaregularsowingmotionwithhishandoutofasackslungfromhisshoulder.Theybrokeopenthecellardoorandsprinkledlimethere,andinalltheoutbuildings.Astheyrecrossedthelawn,awindowthathadbeendarkwaslightedandMissEmilysatinit,thelightbehindher,andheruprighttorsomotionlessasthatofanidol.Theycreptquietlyacrossthelawnandintotheshadowofthelocuststhatlinedthestreet.Afteraweekortwothesmellwentaway.

Thatwaswhenpeoplehadbeguntofeelreallysorryforher.Peopleinourtown,rememberinghowoldladyWyatt,hergreat-aunt,hadgonecompletelycrazyatlast,believedthattheGriersonsheldthemselvesalittletoohighforwhattheyreallywere.NoneoftheyoungmenwerequitegoodenoughforMissEmilyandsuch.Wehadlongthoughtofthemasapicture,MissEmilyaslenderfigureinwhiteinthebackground,herfatherasilhouetteintheforeground,hisbacktoherandclutchingahorsewhip,thetwoofthemframedbytheback-flungfrontdoor.Sowhenshegottobethirtyandwasstillsingle,wewerenotpleasedexactly,butvindicated;evenwithinsanityinthefamilyshewouldn'thaveturneddownallofherchancesiftheyhadreallymaterialized.46.WhatdidtheNegromanpossiblydointhefamily?A.Hewasanadoptedson.B.Heworkedasaservant.C.Hekeptthefamilyalive.D.Hehelpedkillthesnakesandrats.47.Whatdidtheladiesmeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2?A.Menweregoodatcleaningkitcheninaproperway.B.TheNegromanseemedtokeepthekitchenproperly.C.Menwerenotabletomanagethekitchenwell.D.Menwereverylikelytomakeakitchensmelly.48.WhatwastheattitudeofJudgeStevenstowardsthecomplaintsinitially?A.Heremainedneutralwithoutgivingsuggestions.B.Heconsidersthecomplaintsunreasonable.C.HethoughtitwastheNegromantoblame.D.Hethoughttheyweretrivialandcouldbeeasilysolved.49.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?A.FourmentriedtosowsomethinginEmily’slawnaftermidnight.B.Emilyprobablynoticedsomeonescrossonherlawn.C.Thefourmentriedtofindoutwherethesmellcame.D.Thesmellwasfinallygotridofbythefourmen.50.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Emily’sgreatauntwasdrivencrazybyherfather.B.Emilylookeddownupontheyoungmenwhowerenotrich.C.Emily’sfamilywastoodistinguishedtobeappreciated.D.Emily’sfatherhadsetlotsofbarriersforherpursuers.第二卷（满分30分）选词填空（1.5X20=30）请用所给的词完成短文，每个词只能用一次。所给的词中有两个是多余的。(A)A.relaxB.slavesC.survivedD.distractedE.diseaseF.fastG.dividedH.affordableI.controlJ.accessibleK.drawingL.companionHello,Mr.Wi-Fi.Lifewithoutyouisnexttoimpossible.We’rehappytosingyournamefrommorningtillevening,sometimestilldawn.ThoughIknowyouhelpme,sometimesyou’remakingmedothingswith1attention.ManytimesIpromisemyselfthatI’llkeepinmyfeelingstowardsyou,butyou’re2mecloserandcloser…You’veenteredbothmyhomeandmyworkplace.You’rejustawindowforourentertainmentandinformation.Butwepeoplearen’tsatisfiedonlywiththewindow.Soweopenallourdoorsforyou.Isthisa(n)3orsomekindofattachment?Ifthisisanillness,isitcurable?Andifthisisanattachmentwillyoucommitmetothelifelongtogetherness?Can’tyoutakeafewdaysoffsothatbothyouandIcan4?You’reapoison—notaslowonebutasuper5poisonwhichholdsourmindandmakesusdancetoitstune.Nowadaysyou’reso6thatanyonecanbuyandmakeyouour7.You’llneverbebotheredaboutourhealthbutwe’llalwaysbeconcernedaboutyour“health”.Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbealone.Ifyouwerearealpersonmadeoffleshandbloodwouldweloveyouthesame?You8uswithyournumeroustalentsandweevencan’tgetridofyou.We’reallyour9.SometimesIwonderhowpeopleinthepreviousgenerations10,butiftheydidwhycan’twe?(B)methodsB.placeC.sickD.stolenE.trueF.replacedG.missedH.cruelI.charactersJ.fearedK.tell L.tallTalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthesefairiesarethefriendly,people-loving1thatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare2andcausemuchhumansuffering.Thisis3inthetalesabouttheChangeling.These__4___thestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows___5___andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatheisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.Itwasthen__6___thatthefairieshadcomeandstolenthebabyawayand__7___thehumanbabywithafairyChangeling.Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended__8___.However,hopewasnotlostevenifthebabyhadbeen__9___.Inthosecasestherewasoftenawaytogettherealbabyback.Youcould__10___theChangelingonthefire—thenitwouldriseupthechimney,andyouwouldhearthesoundoffairies’laughterandsoonafteryouwouldfindyourownchildsafeandsoundnearby.附加题：Reading：（2.5X4=10）Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.‘It’siniquitous,’theysay,‘thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustry(ifwecancallitthat)shouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it’stheconsumerwhopays…’Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc.,fromanadvertisement.Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.Woul