河南省驻马店市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

驻马店市2024~2025学年度第一学期期末质量监测高一英语试题本试题卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后，监考老师只收答题卡。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写（涂）在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第Ⅱ卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答，在试题上作答，答案无效。3.考试结束，监考教师将答题卡收回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthemannow?A.Inthelivingroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthegarden.2.HowwasFredfeelinginthemorning?A.Surprised.B.Sad.C.Excited.3.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisawriter.B.Sheisareporter.C.Sheisanurse.4.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$5.B.$10.C.$15.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Leavingahotel.B.Bookingatrip.C.Askingaboutflightprices.第二节（共15题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacar.7.Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersdecidetosee?A.Anactionmovie.B.Acomedy.C.Acartoonmovie.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Auntandnephew.C.Motherandson.9.Howoldistheman'smothernow?A.45yearsold.B.56yearsold.C.60yearsold.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomandothepresentjob?A.Shecanlearnsomeskills.B.Hercompanypaysverywell.C.Shelivesnearherworkplace.11.Whichstrangejobdoesthewomanprefer?A.Adogfoodtaster.B.Anicecreamtaster.C.Ahoteltestsleeper.12.Howmanystrangejobsdoesthemanmention?A.Three.B.Five.C.Two.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdidthewomandowiththethief?A.Shefoughtwithhim.B.Shedidasheasked.C.Shepretendednottoseehim.14.Whatdidthethiefsteal?A.Anecklace.B.Somemoney.C.Nothing.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Keepadog.B.Callthepolice.C.Fitahomealarmsystem.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A.Sheispuzzled.B.Sheisbrave.C.Sheisfrightened.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WheredidGeorgeparkhiscar?AAtasquare.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Onanarrowstreet.18.Whatwasthetimewhenhegotoutofhiscar?A.At4:20pm.B.At3:30pm.C.At5:00pm.19.WheredidGeorgeputhiskeys?A.Inhiscar.B.Inhispocket.C.Onthebench.20.WhywasGeorgeunabletoseehiscaratfirst?A.Someonestoleit.B.Itwasbehindanothercar.C.Hewenttoawrongplace.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATopFourArtificialIntelligenceTrendsPersonalandGenerativeAIThroughwideuseofChatGPT3,theresearchershavediscoveredthepoweroflanguagemodelsandtheirrolesinreal-world,real-timehandwritingofmarketinginformation.PersonalandGenerativeAIwillusethelatestdevelopmentsindeeplanguagenetworksandadvancesinimageprocessingtocreatemessagesforthecustomers’uniqueonlinecharacters.EdgeAIEdgeAI,representshighlydevelopedcomputingtechnology.Edgecomputingenablesreal-timeprocessing,bringinganalysis(分析)closertothedatasource.Despiteitsyoungage,EdgeAIprojectsamarketsizeofmorethan$3billionby2027,andgainspowerbecauseitreducesenergyuselargelythroughlocalanalysisanddealswithprivacyissues.InternetSafetyAITheaveragedatadamagecostintheUnitedStatesin2023was$9.44million.Since51%ofworkersworkremotely,AIwillbeimportantinguardingagainstInternetrisks.Advancedsystemswillalsomakeserversandsoftwareeasierwhileprovidingcloud-basedservices,real-timestaffmonitoringandthreatdiscovery.Low-Code/No-CodeAIBy2026,80%ofallnewusersintheno-code(无代码)areawillbeusinglow-codeAIoptimization(优化).Thischangetowardincreasednon-technicalparticipationinAIpromisestopopularizeitsuseacrossdifferentindustriesandcompaniesofallsizes.Projectmanagersmaymakereal-timedataanalysissimplewhiledoingAIoptimizationthankstono-codeplatformslikeSwayAI.1.WhichAIbestsuitsusersinlanguageprocessing?A.EdgeAI. B.PersonalandGenerativeAI.C.InternetSafetyAI. D.Low-Code/No-CodeAI.2.WhatisakeyfeatureofInternetSafetyAI?A.Monitoringdanger. B.Analyzingimages.C.Conductingcomputing. D.Usinglowcode.3.Whatdothefourtrendshaveincommon?A.Theyhavebeenfullydeveloped. B.Theydealwithprivacyproblems.C.Theydoreal-timedataprocessing. D.Theyarewidelyusedinindustries.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了人工智能的四大趋势及其主要应用领域【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“PersonalandGenerativeAIwillusethelatestdevelopmentsindeeplanguagenetworksandadvancesinimageprocessingtocreatemessagesforthecustomers’uniqueonlinecharacters.(个性化生成AI将利用深度语言网络的最新发展和图像处理的进步，为客户的独特在线角色创建消息)”可知，最适合语言处理的是个性化生成AI。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Since51%ofworkersworkremotely,AIwillbeimportantinguardingagainstInternetrisks.Advancedsystemswillalsomakeserversandsoftwareeasierwhileprovidingcloud-basedservices,real-timestaffmonitoringandthreatdiscovery.(由于51%的员工远程工作，人工智能将在防范互联网风险方面发挥重要作用。先进的系统还将使服务器和软件更容易，同时提供基于云的服务、实时员工监控和威胁发现)”可知，网络安全AI的一个重要特点是监测危险。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThroughwideuseofChatGPT3,theresearchershavediscoveredthepoweroflanguagemodelsandtheirrolesinreal-world,real-timehandwritingofmarketinginformation.(通过广泛使用聊天GPT3，研究人员发现了语言模型的力量及其在现实世界中的作用，实时手写的营销信息)”根据第二段“Edgecomputingenablesreal-timeprocessing,bringinganalysis(分析)closertothedatasource.(边缘计算允许实时处理，将分析靠近数据源)”和第三段“Advancedsystemswillalsomakeserversandsoftwareeasierwhileprovidingcloud-basedservices,real-timestaffmonitoringandthreatdiscovery.(先进的系统还将使服务器和软件更容易，同时提供基于云的服务、实时员工监控和威胁发现)”以及第四段“Projectmanagersmaymakereal-timedataanalysissimplewhiledoingAIoptimizationthankstono-codeplatformslikeSwayAI.(得益于SwayAI等无代码平台，项目经理可以在进行AI优化时简化实时数据分析)”可知，这四大趋势的共同点是它们都涉及实时数据处理。故选C。BAspeopleage,theyoftensharecommondesires:toremainintheirownhomes,tomaintaintheirindependenceforaslongaspossible,andtorelyonfamilyandfriendsforsupportwhennecessary.Thisconcept(概念)ofstayingintheirhomeastheyageisknownas“aginginplace”.However,manyolderadultsandtheirfamilieshaveconcernsaboutsafetyanddailyactivities.WhenWeakleylived400milesfromher82-year-oldgrandmother,JanetDibkey,whowaslivingaloneandshowingearlysignsofmemoryloss,thelongdistanceandlackofcarebroughtWeakleyconstantworry.JanetDibkeyisamongmorethan90%ofolderadultswhowanttospendtheirlateryearsintheirownhomes.Weakleyisoneofmorethan53millionAmericansasacaregiver.SheisalsoaresearcherhelpingolderAmericansmaintainindependencethroughcommunicationtoolsandtechnology.Createdinpartnershipwithcaregiversandotherexperts,WeakleydesignedtheInteractiveCarePlatform,orI-Care,toconnectolderadultsexperiencingmentaldisabilitytotheirfamilymemberswholiveapartforsupportincompletingtheseimportantdailyactivities,suchasmanagingmedicine,payingbillsontimeandrememberingtoattendappointments.I-Carehasahomepagethatlistsweatherconditions,upcomingeventsandrecentcaregivermessages,andacalendarthatcanbechangedbyboththecarereceiverandcaregiver.Besides,thereisamessagingcenterwherecarepartnerscansendmessagesandmakevideocallsandagoalssectionwhereindividualscantrackbrainhealthbehaviorssuchasexerciseandcognitive(认知)engagement.“Dr.Weakley’screativeworkisveryexcitingbecausesheisusingtechnologytosupportfamiliesinwaysthatarebothpracticalandmeaningful.Itaddressessocialisolationandlonelinessinthecarereceiverandstressandworryinthecaregiver,whichisimportantforwell-beingindailylifeforbothpeoplewithmemorylossandtheirfamilies,”areporterfromUSATodaysaid.4.Whatdowelearnaboutolderpeopleaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theyaren’tconcernedaboutsafety. B.Theyonlydependonfamilyforcare.C.Theyprefertostayintheirhomes. D.Theydon’thaveenoughdailyactivities.5.WhywasWeakleyworriedabouthergrandmother?A.Hergrandmotherwantedtoliveonherown.B.Hergrandmothersufferedfromaseriousdisease.C.Shecouldn’tliveuptohergrandmother’sexpectations.D.Shecouldn’tlookafterhergrandmotherforlivingfar.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesI-Care?A.Itensuresthesafetyofolderpeople. B.Itprovideseffectivemedicaltreatment.C.Itpreventsmemorylossofoldermembers. D.Itbenefitsbotholderpeopleandtheirfamilies.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.I-CareHelpingOlderAdultsAgeinPlace.B.NewTechChangingtheLifeofOlderPeople.C.I-CareReducingtheStressoftheElderlyPeople.D.NewTechTreatingOlderAdultsforMemoryLoss.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Weakley利用技术帮助老年人在家中独立生活，并减轻他们家庭的照顾负担。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Aspeopleage,theyoftensharecommondesires:toremainintheirownhomes,tomaintaintheirindependenceforaslongaspossible,andtorelyonfamilyandfriendsforsupportwhennecessary.(随着人们年龄的增长，他们通常会有一个共同的愿望：尽可能长时间地留在自己家里，维持独立性，并在必要时依靠家人和朋友的支持)”可知，老年人更喜欢留在他们自己的家里。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhenWeakleylived400milesfromher82-year-oldgrandmother,JanetDibkey,whowaslivingaloneandshowingearlysignsofmemoryloss,thelongdistanceandlackofcarebroughtWeakleyconstantworry.(当Weakley住在离她82岁独居并显示出记忆力减退早期迹象的祖母JanetDibkey400英里远的地方时，长距离和缺乏护理让Weakley不断担心)”可知，Weakley担心祖母是因为她住得太远，无法照顾自己的祖母。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Createdinpartnershipwithcaregiversandotherexperts,WeakleydesignedtheInteractiveCarePlatform,orI-Care,toconnectolderadultsexperiencingmentaldisabilitytotheirfamilymemberswholiveapartforsupportincompletingtheseimportantdailyactivities,suchasmanagingmedicine,payingbillsontimeandrememberingtoattendappointments.(与护理人员和其他专家合作，Weakley设计了互动护理平台，即I-Care，将有精神障碍的老年人与远离的家人连接起来，支持完成诸如管理药物、按时付款和记住出席约会等重要日常活动)”，以及第四段“I-Carehasahomepagethatlistsweatherconditions,upcomingeventsandrecentcaregivermessages,andacalendarthatcanbechangedbyboththecarereceiverandcaregiver.Besides,thereisamessagingcenterwherecarepartnerscansendmessagesandmakevideocallsandagoalssectionwhereindividualscantrackbrainhealthbehaviorssuchasexerciseandcognitiveengagement.(I-Care有一个主页，上面列出了天气状况、即将发生的事件和最近的护理人员消息，以及一个可以由照护者和被护理者双方更改的日历。此外，还有一个信息中心，护理伙伴可以在这里发送消息和进行视频通话，还有一个目标部分，个人可以跟踪大脑健康行为，如锻炼和认知参与)”可知，I-Care不仅可以帮助老年人完成日常事务，还可以减轻家人的压力，对老年人及其家人都有好处。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容和第五段““Dr.Weakley’screativeworkisveryexcitingbecausesheisusingtechnologytosupportfamiliesinwaysthatarebothpracticalandmeaningful.Itaddressessocialisolationandlonelinessinthecarereceiverandstressandworryinthecaregiver,whichisimportantforwell—beingindailylifeforbothpeoplewithmemorylossandtheirfamilies,”areporterfromUSATodaysaid.(“Weakley博士的创造性工作非常令人兴奋，因为她正在使用技术以既实用又有意义的方式支持家庭。它解决了被照顾者的社会孤立和孤独，以及照顾者的压力和担忧，这对失忆症患者及其家人的日常生活都很重要，”《今日美国》的一名记者说)”，可知，文章主要讲述了Weakley博士设计的I-Care互动护理平台如何帮助老年人在家中养老，并减轻家人的压力。因此，A选项“帮助老年人在家中养老的I-Care”最能作为本文标题。故选A。CAfairypenguin,alsoknownasalittlepenguin,livesonthecoastalareasofsouthernAustraliaandNewZealand.Fairypenguinsareimportanttotheecosystembecausetheyeatfish,whichbenefitstheocean’sfoodchainbalance.Theyalsohelpfertilize(施肥)thelandwiththeirwaste,whichhelpsplantsgrow.Butpollutioncausesathreattothem.Plasticwasteintheoceancanharmthepenguinsbygettingcaughtaroundtheirnecksorinstomachs,leadingtoinjuryordeath.Plasticpollutionisagrowingprobleminouroceans,anditishavingaseriousimpactonthehealthofsealife,includingpenguins.Thedigestionofplasticwastecanleadtohungerandotherhealthproblems.Studieshavefoundthatpenguinshavedigestedplasticwastesuchasbottlecapsandfishinglines.Plasticdebris(碎片)canbemistakenbypenguins,asitcanresemblefoodinsize,shapeandcolor.Onceeaten,theplasticremainsintheirstomachs,causingblockages,whichcanimpactthepenguins’overallhealth.Plasticwastecanalsoaffectthebehavioroffairypenguins.Studieshaveshownthatplasticpollutioncanhaveaneffectonthenormalbehaviorofpenguins,leadingtodecreasedfoodintakeandreducedreproductivesuccess.Thedigestionofplasticwastehasalsobeenfoundtocausestressinpenguins,leadingtochangedbehaviorandadecreasedabilitytocopewithotherstress.Todealwiththeissueofplasticpollutionconservation(保护)workhasbeendonetoprotectthepenguins.Theseeffortsincludeprotectingtheirhabitats,reducingpollution,cleaningthebeachandeducatingpeopleabouthowtheycanhelp.Scientistsarealsoworkingtobetterunderstandtheimpactsofclimatechangesotheycandevelopmoreeffectiveways.Someeffortshavealreadyhadsuccess,suchasreducingoilpollutionandprotectingbreedingsites.However,thesearefarfromenough.Wemusttakeearlyactiontoreducepollutionandaddressclimatechange,notjustforthepenguins,butforallsealives.8.Whichstatementaboutfairypenguinswilltheauthorprobablydisagreewith?A.Theyareendangeredanimals. B.Theycontributetoplantsgrowing.C.Theymightgetinjuredbyplasticwaste. D.Theyhelpkeeptheocean’sfoodbalanced.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resemble”inparagraph2mean?A.Cutoff. B.Looklike. C.Dependon. D.Crashinto.10.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2and3?A.Theeffortsmadetoprotectpenguins. B.Thewaystosolveplasticpollution.C.Thecausesofplasticwasteintheocean. D.Theeffectsofplasticpollutiononpenguins.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theeffortsmadehaven’tyetgotgoodresults.B.Moreeffortsneedtobedonetoprotectpenguins.C.Someconservationwaysaredifficulttocarryout.D.Theimpactsofclimatechangehaven’tbeenunderstood.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是仙女企鹅面临的塑料污染威胁及其影响，以及为保护这些企鹅和海洋生态系统所采取的措施。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Fairypenguinsareimportanttotheecosystembecausetheyeatfish,whichbenefitstheocean’sfoodchainbalance.Theyalsohelpfertilize(施肥)thelandwiththeirwaste,whichhelpsplantsgrow.Butpollutioncausesathreattothem.Plasticwasteintheoceancanharmthepenguinsbygettingcaughtaroundtheirnecksorinstomachs,leadingtoinjuryordeath.(仙女企鹅对生态系统至关重要，因为它们以鱼为食，有助于维持海洋食物链的平衡。此外，它们的排泄物还能为土地施肥，促进植物生长。然而，污染对它们构成了威胁。海洋中的塑料垃圾可能会缠绕在企鹅的脖子上或进入它们的胃里，造成伤害甚至导致死亡)”可推知，作者可能不同意的一点是仙女企鹅是濒临灭绝的动物。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Plasticdebris(碎片)canbemistakenbypenguins(企鹅可能会错认塑料碎片)”和“foodinsize,shapeandcolor(食物的大小、形状和颜色)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“企鹅可能会错认塑料碎片，因为它在大小、形状和颜色上都像食物”，划线词表示“像”，和looklike意思相近。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Plasticpollutionisagrowingprobleminouroceans,anditishavingaseriousimpactonthehealthofsealife,includingpenguins.Thedigestionofplasticwastecanleadtohungerandotherhealthproblems.(塑料污染在我们的海洋中是一个日益严重的问题，它对包括企鹅在内的海洋生物的健康产生了严重影响。塑料垃圾的消化会导致饥饿和其他健康问题)”和第三段“Plasticwastecanalsoaffectthebehavioroffairypenguins.Studieshaveshownthatplasticpollutioncanhaveaneffectonthenormalbehaviorofpenguins,leadingtodecreasedfoodintakeandreducedreproductivesuccess.(塑料垃圾也会影响小企鹅的行为。研究表明，塑料污染会影响企鹅的正常行为，导致食物摄入量减少，繁殖成功率降低)”可知，第二段和第三段的主旨是塑料污染对企鹅的影响。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Someeffortshavealreadyhadsuccess,suchasreducingoilpollutionandprotectingbreedingsites.However,thesearefarfromenough.Wemusttakeearlyactiontoreducepollutionandaddressclimatechange,notjustforthepenguins,butforallsealives.(一些努力已经取得了成功，比如减少石油污染和保护繁殖地。然而，这些还远远不够。我们必须尽早采取行动，减少污染，应对气候变化，这不仅是为了企鹅，也是为了所有的海洋生物)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出需要做更多的努力来保护企鹅。故选B。DEducatedisamemoir(回忆录)byTaraWestover,awomanwhogrowsupastheyoungestofseveninaruralIdahoMormoncommunity.Sheandherbrotherswereallbornathomeandarehomeschooled,andherparentsaredeeplydoubtfulaboutthegovernment.Herfatherfearsthatpubliceducationstandardsarejustbrainwashing.Thestoryistoldinthreeparts.PartOnedetailsherchildhood.Westoverdescribesherfather’sradicalization(激进).InPartTwo,WestovergoestocollegeatBYU.ShedescribesthecultureshockofbeingconfusedaboutwhattheHolocaust(大屠杀)was.Thenshehastolearnabouthistoryandstrugglesthroughherfirstromanticrelationship.FinallyinPartThree,WestovergoestoCambridgeforherPhD,attemptstofaceherfamilyissuesandbringsusuptodatewithherlifenow.Educatedisanattractivebookonvariouslevels.AsapersonaljourneyforWestover,it’ssuccessful.WestovergoesfromreceivinglittleeducationtoeventuallygettingherPhDatCambridge.Asastory,it’sunique.Westover’sexperiencesmakeforadifferentviewpoint.Andasareader,it’sinterestingtoconsiderhowherviewsareshaped.Tobehonest,inthebeginningEducatedwasnotonmyreadinglistuntilitbecamearealhit.It’shighlypersonalandnotatopicIamparticularlyinterestedin.IfeelthatperhapsWestoverwrotethisbooktoosoon.Itseemslikethestorywe’rereadingistheoneshe’sbuiltonpurposetomakesenseofeverythingthathappenedtoher.Iimagineshestillhasalongerjourneytoreallyprocessitallandwhatitmeans.And,whenthebookconcludes,thingsarelargelyunsolvedwithherfamily.However,Westover’sstoryofstrugglehasinspiredalotofreaders,includingme.Besides,fromthisbookIhaveabetterunderstandingthateducationisreallyanimportantprocessofself-discovery—ofdevelopingasenseofselfandwhatyouthink.12.WhyareTaraandherbrothershomeschooled?A.Theycan’taffordtogotoschool. B.Therearen’tschoolsinthecommunity.C.Theirparentsdon’ttrustthegovernment. D.Theirparentsarewelleducatedtoteachthem.13.WhatcanweknowaboutTaraWestoverfromEducated?A.Shehasahappychildhood. B.She’sawardedherPHDatBYU.C.Sheoncesufferedcultureshock. D.Shehastroublegettingonwithothers.14.Whatmayfirstcausetheauthortochoosethebook?A.Itisquiteenjoyedbyreaders. B.Itstopicattractstheauthor.C.Thestoryisveryinteresting. D.Itscontentisnewtotheauthor.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisbook?A.Uncertain. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Subjective.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《你当像鸟飞往你的山》这本书以及作者的阅读感受。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sheandherbrotherswereallbornathomeandarehomeschooled,andherparentsaredeeplydoubtfulaboutthegovernment.(她和她的兄弟们都在家里出生，在家接受教育，她的父母对政府深表怀疑)”可知，塔拉和她的兄弟们在家上学因为他们的父母不信任政府。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InPartTwo,WestovergoestocollegeatBYU.ShedescribesthecultureshockofbeingconfusedaboutwhattheHolocaust(大屠杀)was.(在第二部分中，韦斯特弗去了杨百翰大学。她描述了对大屠杀是什么感到困惑的文化冲击)”可知，塔拉·韦斯特弗曾经遭受过文化冲击。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tobehonest,inthebeginningEducatedwasnotonmyreadinglistuntilitbecamearealhit.(老实说，一开始《你当像鸟飞往你的山》并没有出现在我的阅读清单上，直到它成为一本真正的畅销书)”可知，这本书深受读者的喜爱让作者选择这本书。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tobehonest,inthebeginningEducatedwasnotonmyreadinglistuntilitbecamearealhit.It’shighlypersonalandnotatopicIamparticularlyinterestedin.IfeelthatperhapsWestoverwrotethisbooktoosoon.Itseemslikethestorywe’rereadingistheoneshe’sbuiltonpurposetomakesenseofeverythingthathappenedtoher.Iimagineshestillhasalongerjourneytoreallyprocessitallandwhatitmeans.And,whenthebookconcludes,thingsarelargelyunsolvedwithherfamily.However,Westover’sstoryofstrugglehasinspiredalotofreaders,includingme.Besides,fromthisbookIhaveabetterunderstandingthateducationisreallyanimportantprocessofself-discovery—ofdevelopingasenseofselfandwhatyouthink.(老实说，一开始《受教育的人》并没有出现在我的阅读清单上，直到它成为一本真正的畅销书。这是非常私人的话题，不是我特别感兴趣的话题。我觉得也许韦斯特奥弗写这本书写得太早了。我们读到的这个故事似乎是她故意编造出来的，好让发生在她身上的一切都有意义。我想她还有更长的一段路要走，才能真正理解这一切以及它的意义。而且，当这本书结束时，她与家人的关系基本上没有得到解决。然而，韦斯特弗的奋斗故事激励了包括我在内的许多读者。此外，从这本书中，我更好地理解了教育实际上是一个重要的自我发现的过程——培养自我意识和你的想法)”可知，作者说明了这本书的一些不足之处以及书带给作者的启发，即作者对这本书持客观态度。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Critical(批判性)thinkingisavaluableskillthatisrelatedtotheabilitytoanalyzeinformation.Whilesomepeoplemayhaveanaturalinclination(倾向于)towardscriticalthinking,itisgenerallynotaninbornability.___16___.Researchsuggeststhatcriticalthinkingcanbeimprovedovertimeandisanecessarypartofproblem-solvingforchildren.Childrenarebornwithcuriositythatdrivesthemtoquestionandanalyzetheworld,andbeginsearlyinlife.___17___.Thissimplequestionshowsthenaturalinclinationtowardscriticalthinkingthatexistsinallhumans.Youngchildrenhaveanunsatisfiedcuriosityabouttheworldaroundthem,constantlyseekingexplanationsandunderstanding.___18___.Aschildrengrow,theirquestioningbecomesmoreawkward.Toddlers(蹒跚学步者)mayaskbasic“why”questionsaboutimmediateobservations.___19___.Thisprocessshowcasesthedevelopmentofcriticalthinkingskillsasthebraindevelops.Byteens,teenagersarecapableofreasoningandcanengageindeeperquestioning.So,howshouldwehelpthemdevelopstrongercriticalthinkingskills?___20___.Byprovidingthoughtfulanswersandinspiringfurtherexploration,adultscanhelpstrengthencriticalthinkingskills.Creatinganenvironmentwherequestionsarewelcomedandvaluedhelpschildrendevelopconfidenceintheirabilitytothinkcriticallyandseekknowledgeindependently.Byrecognizinganddevelopingtheseinnatetendencies,parentsandeducatorscanhelpchildrendevelopstrongcriticalthinkingskillsthatwillservethemwellthroughouttheirlives.A.ChildrenaremakingdecisionsB.ItisanaturalpartofourdailylivesC.Itrequireseffort,practiceandthedevelopmentofasetofskillsD.ThisdesiretoquestionandlearnisabasicfeatureofhumannatureE.Parentsandeducatorsplayanimportantroleinchildren’snaturalcuriosityF.Fromthemomentchildrenbegintospeak,oneoftheirfavoritewordsis“why”G.Butolderchildrenbegintoexploremoredifficultcause-and-effectrelationships【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.G20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述批判性思维并非天生能力，儿童天生具有好奇心，其批判性思维会随成长发展，还介绍了帮助孩子培养批判性思维的方法。【16题详解】上文“Whilesomepeoplemayhaveanaturalinclination(倾向于)towardscriticalthinking,itisgenerallynotaninbornability.(虽然有些人可能天生倾向于批判性思维，但它通常不是一种与生俱来的能力)”指出批判性思维不是天生的。C选项“Itrequireseffort,practiceandthedevelopmentofasetofskills(它需要努力、实践和一系列技能的培养)”进一步说明批判性思维需要后天的努力和培养，与上文逻辑紧密相连，解释了不是天生能力后该如何获得它。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Childrenarebornwithcuriositythatdrivesthemtoquestionandanalyzetheworld,andbeginsearlyinlife.(孩子们天生就有好奇心，这种好奇心驱使他们质疑和分析世界，而且这种情况在生命早期就开始了)”强调孩子的好奇心。F选项“Fromthemomentchildrenbegintospeak,oneoftheirfavoritewordsis‘why’(从孩子们开始说话的那一刻起，他们最喜欢说的词之一就是‘为什么’)”具体体现了孩子因好奇而爱问“为什么”，是对上文孩子好奇心的具体举例说明。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Youngchildrenhaveanunsatisfiedcuriosityabouttheworldaroundthem,constantlyseekingexplanationsandunderstanding.(年幼的孩子对周围的世界有着永不满足的好奇心，不断寻求解释和理解)”阐述了孩子的好奇心特点。D选项“Thisdesiretoquestionandlearnisabasicfeatureofhumannature(这种质疑和学习的欲望是人性的一个基本特征)”对上文孩子的好奇心进行总结升华，指出这是人性的基本特征。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Toddlers(蹒跚学步者)mayaskbasic‘why’questionsaboutimmediateobservations.(蹒跚学步的孩子可能会针对眼前的观察提出基本的‘为什么’问题)”说明了幼儿提问的特点。G选项“Butolderchildrenbegintoexploremoredifficultcauseandeffectrelationships(但年龄较大的孩子开始探索更复杂的因果关系)”与上文形成对比，体现出随着孩子成长，提问内容的变化，展示了批判性思维的发展。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“Byprovidingthoughtfulanswersandinspiringfurtherexploration,adultscanhelpstrengthencriticalthinkingskills.(通过提供深思熟虑的答案并激发进一步的探索，成年人可以帮助加强批判性思维能力)”强调了成年人在孩子批判性思维培养中的作用。E选项“Parentsandeducatorsplayanimportantroleinchildren’snaturalcuriosity(家长和教育工作者在孩子的天生好奇心方面起着重要作用)”引出下文成年人的作用，点明了家长和教育工作者的重要角色。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Paulwasbornintoapoorfamily,buthewasoneoftheluckyboyswhoreceivedagood___21___withthehelpofhiscommunity.Sowhenhegraduatedfromuniversity,he___22___tobecomeateacherandfollowedhishearttohelpothers.Oneday,PaulaccidentallyfoundJack,a10-year-oldboy,___23___aroundashoppingcenteraimlessly.LearningthatJackdroppedoutofschoolbecauseofhismother’s___24___health,whichusedupnearlyalltheirmoney,Pauldecidedto___25___.Paulcontactedthecommunity,which___26___toprovideJack’sfamilywithnecessaryhelp.Thecommunitystaff___27___Jack’smothersmalljobs,likecleaningupthesidewalksinexchangefor___28___.Besides,Paulhadbeennagging(唠叨)abouttheimportanceofeducation.___29___,Jackagreedtoreturntoschool.Onthedaybeforeschool,JackvisitedPaul.LookingatPaulwith____30____eyes,Jackexpressedhisdeepestthanks,“Sir,Iwantyoutoknowhow____31____youare.InowbelievethatIcan____32____abovetheterriblesituationanddowhatseemsimpossible.That’sallbecauseofyour____33____help.”Thingswouldhaveplayedoutso____34____ifPaulrefusedtohelp.Luckily,thisisabeautifulstory!Loveislikethesun.Itwarmstheheart,brightensthesoulandhelpsaboywalktowardsabetter____35____.21.A.reputation B.experiment C.education D.operation22.A.decided B.happened C.hurried D.checked23.A.showing B.driving C.flying D.hanging24.A.special B.poor C.awesome D.previous25.A.backoff B.calmdown C.givein D.stepin26.A.promised B.attempted C.stopped D.refused27.A.taught B.showed C.told D.offered28.A.inspiration B.recognition C.pay D.respect29.A.Obviously B.Normally C.Secretly D.Eventually30.A.watery B.sharp C.sleepy D.anxious31.A.wonderful B.confident C.peaceful D.honest32.A.appear B.rise C.wait D.maintain33.A.intelligent B.energetic C.generous D.slight34.A.perfectly B.exactly C.differently D.slowly35.A.school B.future C.job D.lifestyle【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.D30.A31.A32.B33.C34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在社区的帮助下接受了良好教育的Paul在大学毕业后决定成为一名教师，跟随自己的心去帮助别人，在他的帮助下因贫困辍学的Paul走出困境，重返校园。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：保罗出生在一个贫穷的家庭，但他是幸运的男孩之一，在社区的帮助下接受了良好的教育。A.reputation名声；B.experiment实验；C.education教育；D.operation手术。根据下文“hegraduatedfr