《新编英语演讲与辩论》课件Chapter 10

Chapter10ExtendingtheArgument目录CONTENT01Warm-upQuestions02RolesandResponsibilitesofMG&MO03Extension04SpeechLinesforMemberSpeakers05ExercisesWarm-upQuestionsAWhataretheresponsibilitiesoftheMG&MO?BHowtomakeagoodextension?Whatarethetwomethodsofextension?CWhatarethepitfallsinaMemberspeech?RolesandResponsibilitesofMG&MORefutetheargumentmadebythepreviousspeaker;Defendthecaseoftheiropeningteambriefly;Provideoneormorelinesofnewargumentshelpfultotheirgeneraldirection;Beconsistentwiththeiropeningteam.ExtensionExtensionMethods01Presentinganewlineofargument;02Addingdepthtotheopeningteam’sanalysis.PitfallsinMakingExtentions01Failuretoestablishanidentity;02Knifing;03Burntturf.SpeechLinesforMemberSpeakersCommonSpeechLinesSofar,wehaveheardthetophalfteamsdiscussatlength...Wewouldliketomoveonto...Ouropeningteamsaidthat...,andI’dliketoadd...Consideringwhatmyopeningteamsaidbefore…,Iwouldliketopropose…Whatweintendtodoinourextensionistodiveintodeeperanalysisandshowyou...I’dliketospecialize...opinionfromtheperspectiveof...Togobacktowhat…wassayingearlier,Iwouldliketoadd…Asithasbeenbroughttousbeforein…,wethink…ExercisesExercise1:

PracticingExtensionReadthefollowingarticle

anddothetwoexercises.(1)

Listthemajorargumentsinthearticleagainststandardizedtests.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)

Workinpairs.Discussandwritedownthepossibleextensionsthatcanbedevelopedtotheargumentsinthearticle,usingthetwomethodsofextensioninthetext:presentinganewlineofargumentandaddingdepth.PresentinganewlineofargumentAddingdepth123Exercise2:

ConstructingExtensions(1)

Readthefollowingflowsheetofthefirsthalfofthedebateonthemotion“ThisHousewouldsupportAffirmativeActionforwomeninlegislature.”Reviewthetwoextensionmethodsdiscussedinthetextandconstructtwoextensionspeeches.(2)

Workinpairs.OnestudentplaystheroleoftheMemberofGovernmentandtheothertheMemberoftheOpposition.PresentyourMemberspeechestoeachotherinaclearandcompellingway,usingoneofthetwomethods.PrimeMinisterLeaderoftheOppositionDefinitionofAffirmativeActionforwomeninlegislature:afixedminimumnumberofseatsinparliamentinstateswithdemocraticelectoralsystemsacrosstheworld.Necessity:Qualifiedwomenwhodeservetobeelectedareunjustlyexcludedfromthepoliticalsystembystructuralandculturalbarriers.Effectiveness:ProvidingwomenwiththeopportunitytoserveinparliamentwilleventuallydisprovetraditionalassumptionthatwomenareunfittoGovernment.AffirmativeActionforwomeninlegislatureisahigh-riskproposition.Itisincompatiblewiththebasicprinciplesofdemocracy.Itshouldbelefttothevoterstodeterminewhetheracandidateisqualified.TheGovernmentpolicyisunfairbecauseiteffectivelypunishesmalecandidatessimplyforbeingmale.DeputyPrimeMinisterDeputyLeaderoftheOpposition1)Refutation:①

Unfair?Wearenotdistortingasystemthatisfairbutactuallycorrectinganimbalanceinanunfairsystem.②Voterstodeterminewhichcandidatesarequalified?Theelectorateisnotalwaysreliable;Male-centricnetworksandstructuralbarriersinthepoliticalsystem.2)BuildingoneffectivenessThepolicywouldmobilizemorefemalestoparticipateinpoliticalactivity.Refutation①Achievingtheidealofgreaterfemalerepresentationinlegislaturesdoesnotjustifylegislatingdiscriminationintheelectoralsystem.②Changednatureofpoliticalsystem;disassociationwiththatstructurecanoftenprovidegreaterpoliticaladvantage.2)Thepolicywo