山东省临沂市张里乡中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析

山东省临沂市张里乡中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Findinginformationintoday’sworldiseasy.The

________ishowyoucantelliftheinformationyougetisusefulornot.A.knowledge B.ability C.competition D.challenge参考答案：D句意为：当今世界找信息很容易，但困难的事是你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。A.知识；B.能力；C.竞赛。challenge挑战，艰巨任务。又如：Shelikesherjobtobeachallenge.她喜欢艰巨的工作。答案为D项。

2.-Haveapicnicthisweekend?_____I'dliketogooutforarest.A.Idon'tthinkso

B.I'mafraidnot

C.Icouldn'tagreemore

D.Ibelievenot参考答案：C3.Withallthetasksfinishedaheadoftime,shefeltagreatweight

hermind.A.pickedup B.endedup C.takenoff D.putdown参考答案：C4.Wemust_______oilwithcoalasafuel

A.substitute

B.replace

C.taketheplaceof

D.givewayto参考答案：B解析：本题意为“我们必须用煤替换油来做燃料”givewayto意思为“让路，让步”。replaceBwith/byA(以A代B)；substitute的常用的句型为substituteAforB(以A代B)5.Somewesternpoliticiansaresaying______Chinaismanipulatingexchangerate（操控汇率）,andthisis______Idisagree.A.that;why

B.what;howC.what;what

D.that;where参考答案：D考查表语从句。第二处划线的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词，“Idisagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where，表语从句“whereIdisagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。故选D。6.Tomisaboy________Ifindhardto________.A.whose;please

B.that;bepleasedC.who;bepleasing

D.whom;please参考答案：D7.---Howlongwillyoustayhere?---Idon’tknow.________.A.Nevermind. B.That’sOK.

C.Itdoesn’tmatter. D.Itdepends.参考答案：D8.Everyone,whetherrichorpoor,isborn

soweare

beforethelaw.A.equal;equal

B.equal;equally

C.equally;equally

D.equally;equal参考答案：D【详解】考查词性辨析，句意：每个人，无论贫富，都生而平等，在法律面前都是平等的。equally平等地；equal平等的。第一个空修饰动词born要用副词，第二个空位于系动词are的后面要用形容词做表语，故选D。【点睛】修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子要用副词。9.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,______,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.when

B.while

C.which

D.where参考答案：B10.Hesaidtousthathe____theteacher’sinstructions.

A.mustfollow

B.followed

C.follow

D.musthavefollowed参考答案：B略11.Ifateacherisjustinterestedinhisteachingbutdoesn’t_____students,heisnotagoodteacher.A.argueabout

B.discussabout

C.dreamabout D.careabout参考答案：D略12.---Doyouknowthegirlinred?---Sheseemsto______meatlastmonth’sparty.ButI’mnotsure.A.introduceto

B.beintroducing

C.beintroducedto

D.havebeenintroducedto参考答案：D13.Thereason_____hewasabsentwas_____hewasillandunabletogotoschool.

A.which;that

B.why;because

C.which;because

D.why;that参考答案：

14.-I’mgladthatwehavefinishedthistasksuccessfully.-

.Thereisstillalotofworktobedonehere.A.Youcansaythatagain

B.It’shardtosayC.I’dratheryoudidn’t

D.Farfromit参考答案：D考查交际用语。A.Youcansaythatagain你说得对。B.It’shardtosay很难说。C.I’dratheryoudidn’t我宁愿你没有做。D.Farfromit远非如此。句意：——我很高兴我们成功地完成了这项任务。——远非如此，这里还有很多工作要做。故选D。15.Notonly_______givepeoplerelaxationandpleasure,butalso_______increasetheirknowledgeoftheworld.A.cantravel;itcan

B.travelcan;canitC.cantravel;canit

D.travelcan;itcan参考答案：A16.InShangri-la,thepeacefulworld,

whohaddiscoveredhowtostayyoungforever.A.didpeoplelive B.livedpeople C.peoplelived D.werelivingpeople参考答案：B17.---_______?

---It'sSeptember10th.A.Whattimeisit?

B.What'stheweatherlike?C.Whatdayisittoday?

D.Whatisthedatetoday?参考答案：D【详解】考查特殊疑问句。句意：—今天几号了？—今天是九月10号。根据答句“It'sSeptember10th.”可知前句应该询问具体日期，应该使用whatisthedatetoday?C想询问星期几。A项询问时间，D项询问天气。故选D项。18.Thereason_______hewaslatewas_______hemissedthebus.A.why,that

B.why,because

C.that,why

D.because,why参考答案：A二、填空19.选词填空electric,electronic,electrical①Iboughtanew________bikeyesterday.②Lotsofstudentshavean________dictionary.③Herfatherisan________engineer.参考答案：①electric②electronic③electrical20.Thiskindofwoodcan_________________(制成)finepaper.参考答案：bemadeinto三、阅读理解21.Bothwarm-bloodedandcold-bloodeddesertanimalshavewaystoescapethedesertheat.Warm-bloodeddesertanimals,suchasratsandmice,restduringtheday,oftenstayingincoolundergroundburrows.Atnighttheysearchforfood.Animalsthatareoutduringtheday,suchascold-bloodedlizardsandsnakes,areactiveonlyforshortperiods.Astheirbodytemperaturerises,thesereptiles（爬行动物）moveintotheshadeinordertocooldown.Intheearlyevening,whenthesungrowsweaker,thereptilesbecomemoreactiveandbegintheirsearchforfoodagain.Gettingenoughwatertosurviveisamajorproblemforalldesertanimals.Somedesertanimals,likedesertbirds,managetofindwaterholes.Otherdesertanimals,suchasthekangarooratandtherelatedjerboa,getwateronlyfromthefoodthattheyeat.Becausetheseanimalseatmainlydryseeds,theymustsurviveonatinyamountofwater.Mostdesertshaveonlyasmallnumberoffrogsandtoadsbecausetheseanimalsmustbenearwatertosurvive.Yeteventhesecreatureshaveadapted(适应)todesertconditions.Whensmallamountsofwatercollectintemporarystreams,thedesert-livingfrogsandtoadsbecomeactive.Afterarainfall,theylaytheireggs.Theeggsgrowintotadpolesinafewdaysandintoadultsinjustfourweeks.Whenthepuddles(水坑)dryup,theadultfrogsortoadsdigintotheground.Theirmetabolism(新陈代谢)slows,andtheystaybeneaththegrounduntilthenextrain,whichmaybeasgoodasayearaway.Untilthen,theirbodilyactivitiescontinueatareducedrate.Thecamel—oftencalledtheshipofthedesert—isoneofthemostsuccessfuldesertanimals.Camelscangoforlongperiodswithoutwater,buteventuallytheymustdrink.Whenwaterbecomesavailabletothemafteralongdrought,theymaydrink95litersofwaterormore.Whenwaterisnotavailable,whathelpscamelssurvivethedesertheatisthefatstoredintheirhumps(驼峰).Acamel’shumpcontainsabout12kilogramsoffat.Fatisrichinhydrogen.Asthefatisdigested,hydrogenfromthefatcombineswithoxygenintheairthatthecamelbreathes.TheresultisH2O,orwater.Eachkilogramoffatthatacameldigestsproducesaboutaliterofwater.

41.Desertanimalsareusuallymoreactiveatnightbecause_____.A.itiscooleratnight

B.itiseasiertofindwaterC.theylikethedark

D.theyarelesslikelytobeattackedatnight42.Whichofthefollowingdesertanimalscangetwateronlyfromthefood?A.Thecamel.

B.Thekangaroo.

C.Thefrog.

D.Therat.43.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Allthedesertanimalsrestduringtheday.B.Allthedesertanimalsdon’trestduringtheday.C.Cold-bloodeddesertanimalsareoutmostoftheday.D.Noneofthecold-bloodeddesertanimalsgooutduringtheday.44.Thetitleforthispassagecouldprobablybe_____.A.HotDeserts

B.DesertAnimalsC.HowDesertAnimalsGetWater

D.WaysToEscapetheDesertHeat45.Theunderlinedword“burrows”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby_____.A.holes

B.caves

C.rooms

D.openings参考答案：41.A.由文中第一段第一句可知，他们是为了躲避沙漠白天的酷热。42.B.由第二段最后一句可知答案。43.B.注意此项为部分否定。由第一段可知“并不是所有沙漠动物白天不活动”。

45.A.burrow（狐狸、兔子等在地下所掘的）洞穴;hole洞、孔、坑；cave(山崖边的)穴洞，（地下的）天然大穴洞。22.ItiswellknownthatEinsteinwasthefatherofthefamousTheoryofRelativity.ButdoyouknowitowesagreatdealtoMarits,Einstein’sformerwife?In1896,17-year-oldEinsteinwenttoZurichtostudyphysics.TherehemetagirlfromHungary.Theystudiedinthesameclass.ThesameinterestbroughtthetwotogetherandtheyoungmanfellinlovewithMarits.In1903,whenEinsteinwas24yearsold,hemarriedMarits,whowas4yearsolderthanhe.Aftertheirmarriage,Einsteindevotedhimselftotheresearchofthegreattheory.Togiveherhusbandmorehelp,Maritsgaveupherownwork,andbecameagoodwifeandassistant.Shetriedherbesttoencouragehimwheneverpossibleandshewassurethatherhusbandwouldsucceed.Theyoftendiscussedthetheorywhilewalkingoutsideorsittingtogetherintheroom.Theyevendiscusseditintheirletterswhenoneofthemwasawayfromhome.In1914,theEinsteinmovedtoBerlinandsettledthere.Atthattime,Einstein’stheoryprovedtobecorrectandhehadbecomefamousallovertheworld.Maritswasveryproudofhimandhissuccess.ButitwasnotlongbeforetheFirstWorldWarbrokeout.Maritsaswellashertwosons,whowereallonholidaysinSwitzerland,couldn’tcomebacktoBerlin.ThewarnotonlystoppedEinstein’sworkbutbrokeupthewarm,happyfamily.In1919,EinsteinandMaritshadtogetdivorc