Unit+12+Section+A+(Grammar+Focus-4c)【知识建构+备课精研】 九年级英语 （人教新目标Go+For+It!）

SectionA(GF-4c)Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.TeachingObjectives语言知识:能够熟练运用过去完成时描述生活中发生的事情。01学习能力:掌握过去完成时的用法。02文化意识:无论生活中发生什么，培养积极面对的心态。03思维品质:能运用目标语言有条理的谈论过去发生的事情。04Lead-in1Presentation3Homework6GrammarFocus2Exercises

4Summary

5Contents01LeadinGametimeMr.Zhenwasdead.Therearethreecriminalsuspects(嫌疑人).Doyouknowwhokilledhim?Let’sfindthemurdertogether.Gametimethreecriminalsuspects(嫌疑人)Gametime7:107:00

Mr.Hereacheshishome.Mr.Zhenleaveshome.7:407:30Mr.Zhengetstotheoffice.

nowMr.Sacomestohisoffice.8:508:55

Mr.Zhengetstothecafe.Mr.Baigetstothecafe.TimeLineGametimeBeforeIreachedMr.Zhen’shome,hehadleft.Mr.Zhen先离开leaveleftleft

先发生

过去完成时

后发生

过去时

7:00Mr.Zhenleaveshome.now7:10

Mr.Hereacheshishome.GametimeWhenIcametoMr.Zhen’soffice,Hehadarrived(arrive)there.Mr.Sa先到办公室

先发生

过去完成时

后发生

过去时

arrive-arrived-arrived7:407:30Mr.Zhencomestohisoffice.Mr.Sagetstotheoffice.nowGametime8.55BythetimeIarrivedatthecafe,Mr.Zhenhadgotthere.

先发生

过去完成时

后发生

过去时

get-got-got/gotten

Mr.Zhen先到咖啡厅8:50Mr.Zhengetstocafé.Mr.Baigetstothecafé.nowMr.BaiwasLying.Policefoundthecoffeeispoisonous(有毒的).Mr.Baiisthemurder.02GrammarFocusGrammarFocusWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.BythetimeIgotbacktoschool,thebellhadrung.BeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.IwasabouttogouptomyofficewhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.AsIwaswaitinginlinewiththeotherofficeworkers,Iheardaloudsound.PastPerfectTense(过去完成时态）1.方框里是什么语法？2.其基本结构是：had+过去分词含义：基本结构：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。助动词had+V-edGrammarFocusPastPerfectTense主句为过去完成时，从句是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前。Let’slearnmoreaboutit.过去完成时由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词”构成过去的过去过去某时现在将来过去完成时从过去之前的某个时间点到过去的某个时间点为止（先发生）（后发生）1.过去完成时的构成2.过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示某动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。GrammarFocus3.过去完成时的句式类型肯定句：主语＋had＋过去分词＋…否定句：主语＋hadn’t＋过去分词＋…一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋过去分词…？

(Yes,主语＋had./No,主语＋hadn’t.)特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had＋主语＋过去分词＋…？GrammarFocus1.由时间状语来判定(1)by+过去的时间点。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。(2)bytheendof+过去的时间点。到...为止(3)before+过去的时间点。在...之前过去的过去，先发生4.过去完成时的判断依据GrammarFocus(1)宾语从句中:当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句中。如：Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.她说她以前看过这电影。看电影是在她说之前做的。4.过去完成时的判断依据GrammarFocus2.由“过去的过去”判定(2)状语从句:在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。2.由“过去的过去”判定火车离开发生在我到达车站之前。4.过去完成时的判断依据GrammarFocus注意：before,after引导的时间状语从句中，由于before和after本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧接着发生，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Afterheclosedthedoor,helefttheclassroom.他关上门，离开了教室。4.过去完成时的判断依据GrammarFocus2.由“过去的过去”判定5.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时：强调“过去的过去”；一般过去时：强调过去某一特定的时间。 ①Theyhadarrivedat

thestationbyten

yesterday.

他们昨天十点前就到车站了。

②Theyarrivedatthestationatten

yesterday.

他们昨天十点到了车站。 1.时间状语不同GrammarFocus2.在过去的时间中，哪个先发生，哪个后发生。在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。Shewas

veryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleased

withher,too.Shehadjustwon

thefirstinthecompositioncompetition.

5.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别GrammarFocus时态概念常见的时间状语例句一般过去时在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。yesterday,lastweek,ago,justnow等Thefilmstartedtenminutesago.现在完成时过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响。just,never,ever,sofar,already,since,for等Thefilmhasalreadystarted.过去完成时在过去某个时间或动作之前就已发生的动作，即表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。bythetime+从句；bytheendoflast+时间段；before+过去时间状语等Bythetimetheyarrivedatthecinema,thefilmhadstarted.过去完成时与一般过去时、现在完成时的用法区别GrammarFocus现在完成时此处的情境强调“离开”的动作对现在的影响：公交车已经离开，现在已不在公交车站，故用现在完成时。Thebushasalreadyleft.过去完成时此处的情境强调“我到达车站时，公交车已经离开”，即表示“公交离开”的动作发生在“到达车站”之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。WhenIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.一般过去时此处的情境强调“公交离开”的动作是五分钟前发生的，故用一般过去时。Thebusleftfiveminutesago.GrammarFocusGrammarFocusWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.BythetimeIgotbacktoschool,thebellhadrung.BeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.IwasabouttogouptomyofficewhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.AsIwaswaitinginlinewiththeotherofficeworkers,Iheardaloudsound.表示即将发生的动作1.wasabouttodo是什么意思？2.wasabouttodo...when...是什么意思？beabouttodo,bedoing等表示即将或正在做某事时，常用when引导从句表示突然发生的动作。用法：表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。Weareabouttofinishourhomework.注意：在含有beabouttodo的句子中，不能再加时间状语。Wrong:Themedicalteamisabouttostartrightnow.Right:Themedicalteamisabouttostart.GrammarFocusbeabouttodosth.拓展：begoingtodosth.

Itisgoingtorainsoon.快要下雨了。He'sgoingtobuyacar.他打算买一辆车

（有这方面的计划，最后买不买不知道）。1)表示将要发生的事情或打算要进行的动作。Thefootballmatchwillbeputoffifitrainstomorrow.2)在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句一般不用begoingto，而常用will（第一人称用shall）。GrammarFocusbegoingtodosth03PresentationMakesentencesusingbythetimeorbefore.1.Timwentintothebathroom.Marygotup.______________________________________________________________2.Thecoffeebecamecold.Iputcreaminthecoffee.______________________________________________________________3.Theteachercollectedthemathhomework.Igottoschool.______________________________________________________________BythetimeMarygotup,Timhadalreadygoneintothebathroom.BeforeIcouldputcreaminthecoffee,thecoffeehadbecomecold.BythetimeIgottoschool,theteacherhadcollectedthemathhomework.4a4.Icompletedtheworkformyboss.Theworkdayended.______________________________________________________________5.Themoviestarted.Iarrivedatthecinema.______________________________________________________________6.Mymotherfinishedmakingtheapplepie.Igothomefrommylanguagecourse.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihadcompletedtheworkformybossbeforetheworkdayended.ThemoviehadalreadystartedbeforeIarrivedatthecinema.BythetimeIgothomefrommylanguagecourse,mymotherhadfinishedmakingtheapplepie.Makesentencesusingbythetimeorbefore.4aFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.rushoutforgetarriveatgointoshowupfindoutBythetimeIarrivedattheparty,everyoneelse_______already_________.2.Whenheputthenoodlesintoabowl,herealizedhe_____________toaddthegreenbeans.3.Bythetimemymothercamebackfromthemarket,Ialready______________thedoortogoformypianolesson.hadshownuphadforgottenhadrushedout4b4.Beforeshegottotheairport,she_____________abouttheearthquake.5.Whenshe__________themovietheater,sherememberedshehadforgottentofeedherdog.6.Beforeshegotachancetosaygoodbye,he____________thebuilding.arrivedathadgoneintohadforgottenFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.4brushoutforgetarriveatgointoshowupfindoutWritetwotruestatementsandonefalsestatementaboutyourdayyesterday.Thenaskyourclassmatestoguessthefalsestatement.BythetimeIleftforschoolinthemorning,_______________.Bytheendoftheschoolday,___________________________.Bydinnertime,I_____________________________________.4c04Exercises（）1.Bytheendof1976,manybuildings_____builtinthecity.

A.havebeen

B.have

C.hadbeen

D.will（）2.We_________theworkbysixyesterdayevening.

A.finishedB.wouldfinish

C.hadfinishedD.hadbeenfinishedExercise一、单项选择（）3.Thatdinnerwasthemostexpensivemealwe___.A.wouldhaveB.havehadC.hadneverhadD.hadeverhad（）4.HanMeitoldmeshe_____lunch,soshewasveryhungry.Ahashad

Bhasn'thave

Chavehad

Dhadn'thad从未吃过还没有吃Exercise二、用括号中动词的正确时态填空。1.Hesaidhe__________(see)themoviealready.2.Whenhegottothecinema,themovie__________(be)onfortwentyminutes.3.AfterJim____________(finish)allhishomework,hewenttobed.4.We________________(learn)20Englishsongsbytheendoflastmonth.5.She________(arrive)before7o’clocklastnight.Exercisehadseenhadbeenhadfinishedhadlearned/learntarrived三、翻译下列句子1.当他到达学校的时候，老师已经开始上课了。______________________________________________________________________2.当我出来的时候，我爸爸已经离开家了。

_____________________________________________________3.在汤姆拿书包以前我把门锁上了。_________________________________________________________4.我爸爸告诉我他去过北京两次了。_________________________________________________________Bythetimehegottoschool,theteacherhadalreadystartedteaching.WhenIgotouts