种演讲技巧英文

21Secrets

toBecomingAGoodSpeakerKai-FuLeeManagingDirectorMicrosoftResearch,ChinaWePresentEveryDay!Notjustconferencetalks….ProductgroupmeetingsBillG/TABmeetingsPreambletoademoConvinceaproductgrouptobeinterestedPresentpatenttoalawyerPresentagroupresultatoffsite“Elevator”talksButI’mnotgoodatit….Presentationskillscanbeacquired.Examples:BillGatesKai-FuLeeWhatYou’llLearnToday:CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.WhatisCommunicationSkills?Verbal(wordsspoken)Vocal(tone,range,appeal,credibilityofvoice)Visual(physicalappearance,clothing,gestures,eyecontact)7%38%55%Communication

Skills“Withouteffectivedelivery, aspeechofthehighestmentalcapacity canbeheldinnoesteem.

Witheffectivedelivery, evenonewithmoderateabilitiesmay surpassthoseofthehighesttalent.”

--Cicero

“Themanwhocanthinkanddoesnotknow howtoexpresswhathethinks isatthelevelofhimwhocannotthink.”

--PericlesTheImportanceofCommunicationSkillsCommunicationSkills=Fake?MostimportantfactorisPASSION!Ifyou’repassionate,yourvocal&visualskillswillcomenaturally.Passioncouldcomefromsubject,experience,orenvironment.“Thereisjustonesurecureforbadspeeches– Gettrulyexcitedonthesubject,and99percent ofthefaultsofyourspeakingwilldisappear.”

--RobertMontgomeryButthereareskillstobelearned.Likereading,writing,typing….Mustlearnthis,ifyouwantyourworktobeunderstood!VerbalSkillsBesimpleandclear!Don’tramble.Stoptothinkifyouneedto.Exampleone:DanQuaylecelebratesdemocracy:Exampletwo:DanQuayletryingtosay

“Amindisaterriblethingtowaste”VerbalSkillsSpeakingisnotlikewriting!!!Usesimplewords.Don’tusecomplexsentences.Canyouunderstandthis:Don’tuseambiguouswordsinspeech.VocalSkillsProject&resonateyourvoice.No“UM”sand“ER”s.(Pauseinstead).Silenceisatool(Todrawattention).VocalSkillsPlayyourvoicewithpitchandtempo.Toamplifyapoint,slowdown,speakloudly,exaggerateinotation,pauseintherightplaces.“Youareright.Iamwrong”––StalintoTrotsky“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry”--JohnF.KennedyBADEXAMPLE:“Iwelcomethiskindofexamination,becausepeoplehavetoknowwhethertheirpresidentisacrook.Well,I’’mnotacrook.””--RichardM.NixonDon’tuseiteverywhere!VocalSkills:Samemessage;manywaystodeiverJohnKennedy:“Youneedtocontributetoyourcountry”’’“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry”.Quaylevs.BensonDebate:Quayle:"IhaveasmuchexperienceintheCongressasJackKennedydidwhenhesoughtthepresidency."Answer1:“JackKennedyisbetterthanyou.”Answer2:"Senator,IservedwithJackKennedy.

IknewJackKennedy.JackKennedywasafriendofmine.Senator,you'renoJackKennedy.“VocalSkills:EnthusiasmPassion&Enthusiasm!Ifyou’renotpassionate,whyshouldwecare?Example:MartinLutherKingIhaveadream.Thatoneday

Thisnationwillriseup

Liveuptothetruemeaningtoitscreed:Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evidentThatallmenarecreatedequal.VisualSkillsVisualSkills–THEmostimportantAppeartrustworthy&respectful.USElection1960waswononvisualskills.ComponentsofVisualSkillsEyesBodyHandsFaceVisualSkills–EyesLookforwardataudience(trust)Don’tshifteyeballs;don’’tlookincorner.Don’tlooktoomuchatcomputerscreenoryournotes.Lookatpeople’sfaces(noteyes)3-6secondsperperson.Shiftrandomly.Nod,smile,usefacialexpression.VisualSkills–BodyStandupwhentalking.Walkaround=informal.Don’t:Rock,shake,leantoomuch.VisualSkills–HandsGesturecomplementstalk.Shouldcomenaturally,withoutthinking.Makesuretheymatch!NeedtoexaggeratealittleEspeciallywithlargeaudience.Don’tfidgetorputinpocket.Videotapewholetalk&watch.VisualSkills–FaceShowemotion!Mostofthetime:“Icarealotaboutthis.””“Ireallybelieveinthis.”“Ilovemywork.”Sometimes(inresponsetoquestions).“ThisisthemostoutrageousthingI’veeverheard.”“Iwillhavenothingtodowiththis.”WhatYou’llLearnToday:CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.PreparingtheTalkAlwaysOVERPREPARE!!!!!Preparationincludes:Researchingthebackground.Organizingthetalk.Writingtheslides.Rehearsingthetalk.Lastminutethings….ResearchingtheBackgroundWhenyou’reinvited,findout:Howlongisthetalk?What’sthetopic?(Saynoifyoudon’tcareaboutthetopic).Who’stheaudience.Onceyousayyes,youareCOMMITTEDtodoagreatjob.OrganizingtheTalkYou’rethesalesman.Firstlessonforsalesmen:“Tellthemwhatyou’regoingtosay.Sayit.Tellthemwhatyousaid”Verysimilartoyourpaper!TheCentralMessage(it)Peoplewillnotremembereverything.HaveONEclearwalk-awaymessage.Whatdoyouwantpeopletorememberin3months?Theanswertothequestion:

“Howwasthetalk?”Repeatit!TheOpeningSaysomethingprovoking!Givea(veryshort)outline/overview.TheSubstanceLogical.Convincing.Helpthemrememberthemessage!Anticipatedoubts&removethem.SmoothtransitionsDon’tlosetheaudienceOKtore-orderthesub-topics.Keeprepeatingthemessage!TheEndingEndwithaBANG!Repeatthemessage.Saythankyou.WritingtheVisuals(PowerPoint)Prepation(80%time)Firstprepareoutline(recommend:Word).Thenmodifyoutlinefor:Logiconvincing,flow,transitions….ActualSlideWriting(20%time)Shouldcomealmostdirectlyfromtheoutline.UseofVisuals(PowerPoint)Visualsonlysupportyourtalk.Spendmoretimeonyourtalk!Simpleandclear1idea;3sub-concepts;<=6lines.Readable–Big&color-coordinated.Don’treadfromtheslides!WhatifTalkisComplexDon’tlosepeople.Usegrayedoutoutline.Ifideaiscomplex:Tryreallyhardtoavoidcomplexslides,but…Ifyoumustuseit,uselayers(preventread-ahead&lackoffocus).Remembertochangeslidesforprinting.Example….Ifyoumustusecomplexlayers…

agoodexampleContentServerProxyServerClients3.returncontent1.openconnection&sendrequestContentre-authoringClient/UserprofilesAdaptationschemesNetworkmonitoringCaching&pre-fetchingmanagement2.retrievecontent2.retrievecontent3.retrievenetworkdata,user/clientprofiles4.performadaptation5.returncontent1.openconnection&sendrequestUseofDemos/MultimediaKeepsthetalkinteresting.Don’toverdoit.Shouldbetiedtocontent.Ordering:2,N,N-1,N-2,….3,1RehearsingYourTalkRecord&listentoeverytalkatleasttwice!Record:Best:PowerPointfeatures.OK:Taperecorder.Mustdosometime:VideoAskexperiencedspeakertocritique.Improve:Style,logic,timingperslide.GettheTimingRight!Runningoutoftimeisadisaster.Writehowmuchtimeshouldremainoneachslide.Afteryou’remoreexperienced….Nolongernecessarytorecord.Everynewtalkstillmustberehearsed.Bringnotesifyouaren’tconfident.JustBeforetheTalk…….Preparesomethingmatchingtheoccasion.Makesureyou’renottootired:Getenoughsleepthepreviousnight.Drink3cupsofcoffee!WhatYou’llLearnToday:CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.DeliveringtheTalkOvercominglanguagebarrier.Overcomingnervousness.ArtofGoodOpening&ending.HumorAudienceparticipationOvercomingLanguageBarrierPerfectEnglishnotnecessary.Knowyourlimitations.Don’tusefancywords,complexsentences.Don’ttakeanychanceoflookingsilly.OKtobringcheatnotes!Outline&ScriptAlwaysmakeanoutline.PowerPointnotes;WordOutline.Don’thavetouseit.ItmaybebesttoREADaspeech.Noexcusenottobefluent!(practice!)Don’tstareatpaper.(Memorizeitifyou’reprefer).OvercomingNervousness“Dothethingyoufearandthedeathoffeariscertain.”--RalphWaldoEmersonHidingNervousnessItispossibletohidenervousness!Don’tlettheshakingshow!Makeafist;holdthelectern.Speakloudly.Takeadeepbreath.Lookatafriendlyface.Lookabovepeople’sheads.ArtofGoodOpening&EndingOpeningSaysomethingrelevanttotheoccasion.Needtoresearchbackgroundbeforethetalk.Ending“Ifyourememberonlyonethingfromthistalk,thenyoushouldrememberXXX”.HumorGoodhumor:Respectful.Relevant(betteryet:original).Short.Planyourjokes:Rememberwhatworked.Useitagain!HumorHowtotellajoke?Setup(peopleshouldknowajokeiscomingup).Pauseafterclimax(punchline).Moveonnaturallyifnoreaction!AudienceParticipationBestwayforpeopletoremember!AskaudienceaquestionAnticipatetheiranswer(s)!RespondwithsomethinginterestingANDrelevant.BeYourselfLearntheskills;don’tcopythestyles.Youmustbeyourselftobecredible.Manystylescouldbeeffective:BillGates––BrillianttechnologistSteveBallmer–PowerfulsalesmanSteveJobs––PassionateevangelistWhatYou’llLearnToday:CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.Q&AQ&Aisyourchanceto:Amplifyyourpoints.Increaseyourcredibility.DealingwithQuestionsEasyQuestionsAmplifyyourpoints!HardQuestionsNoneedtoanswerdirectly.Butdon’thide!NarrowQuestionsTakeoffline.Q&A–GivingAGoodAnswerRespectthelistenerRightbodylanguageRepeatthequestionCompleteifpeoplecannothear.Paraphrasetohelpamplifyyourpoint.Ifpeoplearetooshy,youstart!Don’targueordismissaquestion.21Secrets#1Anybodycanlearntogiveagoodtalk.21Secrets#2Don’tgiveatalkunless

you’repassionate.21Secrets#3Usesimpleandclearwords.21Secrets#