中考英语复习阅读专题：推断隐含含义之段落

推断隐含意义之段落任务一：什么是段落推断题?定义：推断隐含意义之段落题大多是指从某一个段落中能推断出某一结论。这就要求我们对某一段落中的内容及作者思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推论出蕴含在文章某一段落中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义。常见的设问方式：1.Whatcanwelearn/inferfromParagraph2...?2.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that...3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraph?4.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat...题干中通常含有_______,_______,_______,________,________,________,________等标志性词语。任务二：如何解推断隐含意义之段落题？Passage1:Closeyoureyes.Trytobringbackamemoryoftakinganexaminyourworstsubjectwithyourstrictestteacher.Probablyyourememberlookingatthepaper,feelingyoudidn’tknowanyoftheanswers.Yourheartwasbeatingfast...ApaperinNaturereportsthataone-timeonlinemindsetexercise(思维模式训练)improvedthewayyoungpeoplethoughtaboutstressfuleventsandtheiruncomfortableresponses(反应).Theexercisecouldbeputintofurtheruse.Itcouldbespeciallymadeforathletesorofficeworkersinthefuture.Onceithasbeenfullytested,theexercisecouldbereadyforuseinhighschoolsandcollegesnationwide.Theresearchersdon’tjustwantyoungpeopletorethinkaboutstress;theywantadultstorethinkaboutyoungpeople.“Ourstudiessuggestthatwemightnotteachyoungpeoplethattheyaretooweaktogetoverdifficulties,butthatwemight,instead,providethemwithresourcesandguidancesothatyoungpeoplecanshowtheirskillsandcreativityindealingwithbigproblems,”theywriteinthepaper.1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexercise?A．Itisnowhelpingteenagersnationwide.B．Itisespeciallyhelpfultoofficeworkers.C．Itaimstohelpteenagersgetbettergrades.D．Itcanchangestudents’responsestoproblems.SummarySummary推根究源小妙招第1招:______________________________________某些段落推断题往往针对段落中的事实或者细节而设置，因此可以根据题干及选项中的关键词语在原文中定位，然后根据原文内容进行正确的正确的推理和判断。配题训练1：IonceheardofXiaohuanggoufromoneofmyclassmates.Afterlearningaboutit,Itoldmydadaboutitsuseandpurpose.Xiaohuanggouisatechfirm(科技公司)whichhassetupmanyintelligentwaste-managementrecyclingbinsacrossthecountry.Thebinshelppeoplesort(分类)andrecycletheirwaste.Peoplecanthrowawayobjectstheynolongerneedintothebins.Theintelligentbinswillthenweightheobjectsandgiverewards(奖励)topeople.Thentherewardscanbespentonproductsfromthecompany’sapp,onlinegamesordonatedtocharities(做慈善捐助).ConsideringthatthereweremanytextbooksthatIdidn’tneedanymore,bothmydadandIthoughtitwasagoodideatothrowthemintotheintelligentbins.Astheintelligentbinscansortthem,itwouldbemorehelpfulandeasierforworkerstoprocess(处理)thegarbage.However,manypeoplemightjustthrowrubbishawaywithoutsortingit.Thismakesitdifficulttoprocessthegarbage,andmuchofitwillbeputintolandfills(垃圾场)insteadofbeingrecycled.Butbyencouragingpeoplewithrewards,IthinkthatXiaohuanggoumayraisepublicawareness(提升公众意识)ofgarbagesorting.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutXiaohuanggou?A.ThewriteronceheardofXiaohuanggoufromoneofherteachers.B.Therewardscanbespentonproductsfromthecompany’sapp.C.Therubbishwithoutsortingmakesgarbageprocessingeasier.D.Therewardsmayraisepublicawarenessofgarbagesorting.SummarySummary推根究源小妙招第2招:_________________________________________通常转折词后才是作者要表达的观点，易设考点。常见转折关联词有：_________________________________________________________等等。Peoplearesurprisedtohearthis.“Theythink,‘Idon’tneedtodrive,andthebusinessdoesn’tneedtobuildastore,sotherewillbelesspollution,’”saysNuriaProst,anenvironmentalscientist.“Infact,onlineshoppingiswasteful.Italsoaddstoairpollution.”2.Accordingtothepassage,NuriaProst______.A.lovestoshoponlineverymuch B.sellsproductsonanonlinestoreC.doesn’tliketodrivetowork D.payscloseattentiontoenvironment配题训练2：Sendingatextmessage，forexampletotellwheretomeetsomeone，isasimpleandeffective（有效的），peopleusuallyonlyincludethekeyinformationinatextmessage.Textmessagingisalsoacheapformofcommunicationandtherefore，itisespeciallywelcomedbyyoungpeople.However，therearestrongargumentstosuggestthattextmessaginghasanegativeinfluenceonhowwecommunicate.Onedownsideisthatthereisatendencyforpeopletousetextmessagesasanexcusetogetoutofconversationswhichmightbeuncomfortabletohaveeitherface﹣to﹣faceoronthephone.What'smore，peopleincreasinglytextwhiletheyarewithotherpeople，suddenlybreakingoffaconversationandfocusingontheirphonescreens.However（另类的）languageoftextmessages，suchasabbreviated（缩写的），hasmadeagenerationofyoungpeopleunabletospellorformcorrectsentences.Inmyview，textmessaginghasimprovedcommunicationconsiderablyanditishighlyuseful，forexample（联系）someoneinaverynoisyplace.Itisanecessarypieceoftechnology.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Textmessagesmayneedtoincludemoreinformation.B.Textinghashelpedtoimprovewrittencommunication.C.Face﹣to﹣faceconversationsmaybeinterruptedbytexting.D.Teachersshouldtellstudentshowtousetextmessagescorrectly.TimeforTimeforreview第一招：_______________________________________________第二招：_______________________________________________当堂检测：Nappingcanhelpbabiesandyoungchildrenlearnbetter.Also,itcanstopolderpeoplesuffering(遭受)frommemoryloss.InAmerica,itisashameforpeopletoadmit(承认)thattheydotakeanap.Theysupposenappingshowstheyareweakorshortofenergy.Thatonlychildren,theveryold,sickorlazypeoplenapisawidely-acceptedopinion.However,thatmaybechanging.Manyofficesnowoffernappingrooms,andnappingcafesareappearinginmanyU.S.cities.UnlikeAmerica,nappingispartofanormal,everydaylifeinotherpartsoftheworld.Forexample,Chinaisgenerallyconsideredasalandofnappers.Researchersfoundnearly60percentofoldChinesepeopletookanapafterlunchandmostofthemnappedforaboutanhour.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewhotookanhour-longnapdidmuchbetteronmentalteststhanthosewhodidnotnaporwhonappedforlongerperiods.Itseemsthatthemosthelpfulnaplastedforaboutanhour.ButDr.MichaelTwerymentionsthatanhour-longnapmaybetoolongforyoung,healthyadults.1．Whatcanweknowaboutnapfromthepassage?A．Onlytheone-hournappergroupfinishedtheirmentaltest.B．Chinahasthemostyoungnappersinthewholeworld.C．Peopleshouldbebetterpreparedtogetagoodnap.D．MoreandmoreAmericansareacceptingnapping.Laughterisverymuchsomethingwedowithothers.Studieshaveshownthatweare30timesmorelikelytofindsomethingfunnywhenwearewithothersthanwhenwearebyourselves.Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Weneedtofeelcomfortableintheircompany.That’swhyitcanbedifficulttolaughinthepresenceofstrangers.Laughterisalsoverycontagiousandoneperson’slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople.Butoftenwhatmakesusjoininisthefearofstandingoutandbeingdifferent.Welaugh,evenifwedon’treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.Whentheheadteachertellsajoke,forexample,youlaugh,eventhoughlateryoumightwonderifthejokewasreallythatfunnyatall.()2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Morefunnythingshappenwhenwearewithothers.B.It'sdifficulttobuildupconnectionswithstrangers.C.Welaughsometimesbecauseofsocialneeds.D.Powerfulpeoplearemorelikelytobefunny.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisingly

sharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceas

likely

tohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunempl