临床技能影像模拟考试

临床技能影像模拟考试第1题请用中文回答第2题请用中文回答第3题请用中文回答第4题

请用中文回答第5题请用中文回答第6题请用英文回答第7题请用英文回答第8题请用英文回答第9题请用英文回答第10题请用英文回答11.名词解释（中文作答）

Monteggiafracture12.简答（中文作答）

5Psignofosteofascialcompartmentsyndrome13.骨折并发症14.切开复位的指征15. 断肢（指）再植禁忌证16.transurethralresectionsyndromeafterendoscopicresectionoftheprostateoccursbecauseof__?A.airembolismduringtheprocedureB.bloodlossfrompostoperativeirrigationC.absorptionofirrigantD.relaxationoftheurethralsphincterfromspinalanesthesia17.Prostatecanceroccursmostcommonlyinwhichzoneoftheprostate?A.centralzoneB.urethralzoneC.transitionalzoneD.perioheralzone18.前列腺增生和神经源性膀胱功能障碍的鉴别有赖于

A.B超

B.静脉尿路造影

C.尿流动力学检查

D.放射性核素扫描19.正常人直肠指诊不能触及

A．前列腺

B.精囊

C.骶骨岬

D.子宫颈20.患者，男，35岁。左腰部受伤后出现腰痛。体检：血压125/90mmHg，P80次/分，左肾区叩痛（+），腹膜刺激征（-）。尿常规检查：RBC5-10个/HP。该患者最主要的诊断是

A．肾挫伤

B.肾部分裂伤

C.肾全层裂伤

D.肾蒂损伤21.开放性气胸最主要的诊断依据是什么？A．胸部锐器伤B．胸壁伤口，存在气胸体征C．火器伤，弹道进入胸腔D．胸部损伤，呼吸困难，纵隔摆动E．呼吸时伤口有气体出入22．闭合性肋骨骨折，出现下列哪项提示可能合并张力性气胸？A．伤侧肺呼吸音减弱B．伤侧肺有啰音C．伤侧胸部剧痛D．伤侧皮下气肿E．伤侧胸腔积液23.胸部损伤下述哪种情况为剖胸探查手术适应征：A：气胸肺萎陷超过30%B：多根多处肋骨骨折C：胸部爆震伤D：进行性血胸E：损伤性窒息发绀严重24.Whichribsareeasiertobefractured？1-3ribs4-7ribs8-10ribs11-12ribse.allribs25.Whichiswrongaboutlungcancer?A.Histologicallyismostcommonlyasmallcellcarcinoma.B.SpreadviathebloodstreamtothebrainandboneC.IsoftenanasymptomaticfindingonachestX-rayD.MayhaveanormalchestX-rayE.Operationistheprincipletreatment26.RightoptictractinjurywillcausevisualfielddefectA.oneeyeblindnessB.lefthomonymoushemianopiaC.homonymousquadrantichemianopiaD.diplopia

E.bitemporalhemianopia27.whichoneisthemostimportantsignofthedamageofpyramidaltract？

A.ParalysisB.MuscleatrophyC.PathologicalreflexpositiveD.MusculartensionincreaseE.Anesthesia28.一男孩,一月前下午放学时家人发现左眼裂变小,继之右上睑也下垂,晨起时正常。来诊时检查:双上睑轻下垂,瞳孔等大,对光反射正常,令其反复做睁闭眼动作后,上睑下垂加重,最可能的诊断是

A.动眼神经麻痹

B.先天性眼睑下垂

C.周期性麻痹

D.重症肌无力

E.多发性硬化29.下列关于胸部皮节的体表标志不正确的描述为

A.胸骨角平面为T2B.乳头平面为T3C.脐平面为T10D.腹股沟为T12～L1E.肋骨下缘为T630.以下哪项不是蛛网膜下腔出血典型的临床表现：

A.剧烈头痛、呕吐

B.脑膜刺激征阳性

C.偏瘫

D.血性脑脊液

E.动眼神经瘫

31.

EachofthefollowingheartsoundsmayoccurshortlyafterS2(diastolicphase)EXCEPT:()

A.

Openingsnap

B.

AustinFlintmurmur

C.

Ejectionclick

D.

mitralvalvestenosismurmur

32.

Eachofthefollowingstatementsregardingthedescriptionsofthesecondheartsoundistrue,EXCEPT:()

A.

SeverepulmonarystenosisisassociatedwithasoftenedP2

B.

DelayedclosureofthepulmonaryvalvewithinspirationcontributestophysiologicsplittingofS2

C.

FixedsplittingofS2istheauscultatoryhallmarkofatrialseptaldefect

D.

FixedsplittingofS2istheauscultatoryhallmarkofventricularseptaldefect

33.

WhichofthefollowingECGfindingsisrevealedinapatientexperiencinganacuteanteriortransmuralMI?()

A.

NormalECGatpresentationand3hourslater

B.

STelevationinleadsV2–V5

C.

HyperacuteTwavesinleadII,III,aVF

D.

STdepressioninleadsV2–V5

34.

Conditionsmaymimicthepainofmyocardialischemia.EXCEPT:()

A.

Esophagealspasm

B.

Costalchondritis

C.

Herpeszoster

D.

Bronchiectasis

35.EachofthefollowingcongenitalheartdiseasesisprobablyreferredtointerventionaltherapyEXCEPT:()

A.ASDB.PDA.C.VSDD.Mitralvalveregurgitation

36.A35-year-oldwomanpresentswitha2-dayhistoryofcoughproductiveofgreen-yellowsputum.Shecomplainsoffever,chills,anddyspnea.Onphysicalexamination,T39.4℃RR26/minBp110/65mmHgP125/min.Examinationofthelungsrevealsincreasedfremitusanddullnessattherightposteriorbase.Cracklesandbronchialbreathsoundsareaudibleattherightbase.Gramstainofthesputumrevealsgram-positivecocciandnumerousneutrophils.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?()A.RightupperlobepneumoniaB.RightlowerlobepneumoniaC.RightmiddlelobepneumoniaD.Rightpleuraleffusion37.A60-year-oldmanpresentstoyourofficewithan80-pack-yearhistoryofcigarettesmoking.Hecomplainsofsomedyspneaonexertion.Hehasanasthenicbodyhabitusandpursed-lipbreathing.Hehasanincreasedanteroposteriorthicknessofthethorax.Lungexaminationrevealsdecreasedfremitus,hyperresonanceonpercussion,anddiminishedbreathsounds.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?()A.BronchiectasisB.AsthmaC.EmphysemaD.Pleuraleffusion38.Massivehemoptysismeans()A.Lessthan100mlofbloodlostina24hourperiod

B.Morethan100mlto500mlofbloodlostina24hourperiod

C.Morethan100mlofbloodlostina24hourperiod

D.Morethan500mlofbloodlostforthewholeepisodeorin24hourperiod39．动脉血气分析pH7.47，PaCO230mmHg，BE-2.1mmol/L。表示：

A．正常范围

B．代谢性碱中毒

C．呼吸性酸中毒

D．呼吸性碱中毒

E．代谢性酸中毒40.诊断ALI时应：

A.PaO2/FiO2＞300B.200＜PaO2/FiO2≤300C.200≤PaO2/FiO2＜300D.PaO2/FiO2≤200E.PaO2/FiO2≤10041、Whichoneisnotthemainsideeffectsofanti-thyroiddrugs?()A.rashB.hepaticdysfunctionC.agranulocytosisD.hypertension42、A36-year-oldfemalecomplainsofpalpitations,fatigue,heatintolerance,sweating,andinsomnia.Onphysicalexam,herskinismoistandsheistachycardic.Thereisadiffusethyroidglandenlargementandproptosis.Whichofthefollowinglabvalueswouldyouexpectinthispatient?()A.IncreasedTSH,FT3andFT4B.DecreasedTSH,increasedFT3andFT4C.IncreasedTSH,decreasedFT3andFT4D.DecreasedTSH,FT3andFT443、Whichofthefollowingsisnotmacrovasculardiseaseofdiabetesmellitus.()A.AnginapectorisB.StrokeC.MyocardialinfarctionD.Diabeticnephropathy

44、Whichofthefollowingisusedasthediagnosticcriterionfordiabetesmellitusuptonow?()

A.GlucosuriaB.BloodglucoseC.HbA1cD.Cpeptide45、Whichisthecommonestclinicalmanifestationofprimaryaldosteronism?（）

A.moonfaceB.hypertensionandhypokalemiaC.buffalohumpD.osteoporosis46、Stomachpatterncansometimesbeseeninpatientswith()A.BiliaryobstructionB.PyloricobstructionC.IntestinalobstructionD.Cardiaobstruction47、Frogbellyisaspecialmedicaltermusedtodescribethepresenceofwhichofthefollowingconditions?()A.PneumoperitoneumB.IntestinalgasretentionC.AscitesD.Obesity

48、Abdominalwallsuperficialveindilatationcanbeseeninpatientswith()A.InferiorvenacavaobstructionB.LivercirrhosisofearlystageC.LivercystsD.Liverabscess49、Whichoneofthefollowingisnottheetiologyofascites?（）

A.cirrhosisoftheliverB.tuberculousperitonitisC.malignanttumorD.intestinaltuberculosis50、ThevolumeofgasthatweneedtoinjectintothegastricpouchofSengstaken-BlakemoretubeisA.>500mlB.<100mlC.100-150mlD.200-300ml51、Followingpictureisasmearofthebonemarrowunderoilmicroscopevision.Combiningwiththehistory,themostlikelydiagnosisofthispatientis().A．MMB．AML-M3C．ALL-L1D．ALL-L2E．AML-M252、Thedepthofsternapunctureislessthan().

A.1cm53、慢性粒细胞白血病患者，白细胞计数500×109/L，巨脾，出现左上腹剧痛，其诊断最可能的是（）。

A.胃穿孔

B.脾梗死、脾周围炎

C.胰腺炎

D.肾绞痛

E.胆囊炎