上外课件：Unit 01-A (第六册,英语综合教程,外教社)

Unit1

TechnologyinReverse

TextExplanationPartIAbouttheAuthorRobertJacobSamuelson(bornDecember23,1945)isacontributingeditorofNewsweekandTheWashingtonPostwherehehaswrittenaboutbusinessandeconomicissuessince1977.Hiscolumnsappearinbothpublications.HisarticlesalsoappearintheLosAngelesTimes,TheBostonGlobe,andotherinfluentialnewspapers.TextStructureSection1:

Paragraph1Section2:Paragraphs2-4Section3:Paragraph5Section4:Paragraph6Section5:

Paragraph7Section6:Paragraph8Section7:Paragraph9Section8:Paragraphs10-11TextAnalysisInPara1theauthordefines"retardedtechnology.InPara2-4hecomparese-bookswith"old-fashioned"booksinanattempttoshowthedisadvantagesoftheformer.Para5offersathirdexamplethatprovesthat"retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively".Para6expressestheauthor'sdoubtaboutthepro-technologytheory.Para7classifiestechnologicalinnovationsaseitherusefulorwasteful.Parag8exploresthereasonwhypeoplearefrivolousaboutretardedtechnology.Para9implieshowpeopledenytheirfrivolity.Para10-11providetheconclusionParagraph1Bycontrast,retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively.Worse,itencouragesustodothingsthatdon'tneeddoingatall.Ithasmade

waste

respectable,elaborate,alluringandevenfun.retard(v.)slowthegrowthordevelopmentof,causetomovemoreslowlyoroperateataslowerrateColdweatherretardsthegrowthofthecrops.寒冷的天气妨碍了庄稼生长。Lackofsunretardsplantgrowth.光照不足则植物生长缓慢。retarded(adj.)relativelyslowinmentaloremotionalorphysicaldevelopment

efficiently(adv.)inanefficientmannerefficient+ly---efficientlyantonym:deficientlyThepolicehandlethetrafficveryefficiently.警察把交通管得井井有条。Inordertoefficientlymanagesuchextensivequantityofdata,theprogramofferanotherexcitingnewfeature.为了高效地管理这么大量的数据，程序提供了另外一个令人激动的新特征。effective,efficienteffective:有效用的。Histeachingwasnotveryeffective.他的教学效果不好。//Thenewinterestratebecomeseffectivenextmonth.新的利率下个月开始生效//Thismedicine,takenintime,canbeveryeffective.这种药如果及时吃会很有效。//Myheadacheismuchbetter.Thosetabletsreallyareeffective.我的头疼好多了，那些药片的确很有效。efficient:效率高的，(可指人)。Heneedsanefficientsecretary他需要一个高效率的秘书。//Thedieselengineishighlyefficient.这台柴油机效率很高。//Ourefficientnewmachinesaremuchcheapertorun.我们高效率的新机器开起来要便宜得多。respectable(adj.)characterizedbyproperbehaviororconventionalconduct;worthyofrespect//deservingofesteemandrespect//largeinamountorextentordegreeIt'snotrespectabletobedrunkonthestreet.在大街上醉倒是不体面的。Heisarespectableman.他是个受人尊敬的人。Westillhavearepsectableamountoffoodsupply.我们的食物还相当充足。elaborate(v.)adddetails,astoanaccountoridea;clarifythemeaningofanddiscourseinalearnedway,usuallyinwriting;(adj.)markedbycomplexityandrichnessofdetail;developedorexecutedwithcareandinminutedetailOrthodoxChristianchurchesoftenhaveelaboratesteeples.传统的基督教堂都有精致的尖塔。Thecurtainshadanelaboratepatternofflowers窗帘上绘有精美的花卉图案。Whatyou'vetoldmeofyourplansoundsmostinteresting;wouldyoucaretoelaborateit?你给我讲的这个计划很有意思，你能详细地谈一谈吗？alluring(adj.)activeorexcitingYetanotherofPluto'salluringfeaturesisitsbizarreatmosphere.冥王星另一诱人的特色，是其诡异的大气层。IfNature'sparadisesoundsalluring,makeapointofvisitingSouthIsland.如果大自然中的天堂听起来让你觉得有吸引力，那么别忘了到南岛去玩一玩。Paragraph2Ontheonehand,youcanbuya$900or$9,000book-readingcomputerthatyoucanfeedwith$20discsofyourfavoritebooks.Ifyoutakeittothebeach,itgetscloggedwithsand.Ifitslipsoffthekitchencounter,itsamshes.boom(n.)astateofeconomicprosperity;(v.)growstrongerTheeconomywasbooming.Theaftermathofthewarwasnotaboom,butaruraldepression.战争的结果不是繁荣和兴旺，而是农村经济的不景气。Thebabyboomcreatedabulgeinschoolenrollment.生育高峰造成学校入学人数的暴涨。customized(adj.)madeaccordingtorequirements;madeaccordingtothespecificationsofanindividualThecompanyprovidescustomizedprocessingofvariousexternalaccessories.本公司对外提供定制加工各种配件。Thewordcustomizedreferstoaproduct/servicewhichismadetoacustomer'sspecification.“定做”一词指的是按照顾客要求的规格制作产品或提供服务。swell

(adj.)verygoodorpleasant;(v.)increaseinsize,magnitude,number,orintensityHereisanswellideaofretardedtechnology!Addalittleoiltothepan,continuetobakeuntiltheeggsinsidethecakeswell.在锅里加一点油，继续烘烤直到里面的鸡蛋膨胀开来。cumbersome(adj.)difficulttohandleoruseespeciallybecauseofsizeorweight;notelegantorgracefulinexpressionIt'srathercumbersomehavingtocarryallthesecasesaround.把这些箱子都带着走动是件相当麻烦的事。Yourarticleistoocumbersome.Lopoffthoserepeatedandemptywords.你的文章太冗长了。把那些重复的，空洞的话都删掉。clogbecomeorcausetobecomeobstructed;impedethemotionof,aswithachainoraburdenDon'tclog(up)yourmindwithuselessinformation.不要让你的头脑被无用的讯息所阻碍。"Additonally,"besuretouseskin-careproductsthatwon'tclogyourpores.另外“你要确定你用的护肤产品不会堵塞你的毛孔。”smashbreakintopieces,asbystrikingorknockingover;hitviolentlyIncaseofemergency,smashtheglasscoverandpressthebutton.遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃罩并摁下按钮。TheBeatleshadmoresmashhitsthananyrockbandinhistory.披头四是有史以来出最多畅销歌曲的摇滚乐队。Paragraph3Ontheotherhand,youcanbuyanold-fashionedbook.Ifyoudon'tlikeit,youcanstopreadingwithouthatingyourselfforeverbuyingit.Lostingitisnotatraumatizingevent.fragiledurableexistingforalongtime;verylonglastingItcallsforadurablesolutioninthearea.在该地区需要一个持久的解决方法。Wemustmakeadurablepeace.我们必须缔造持久的和平。

PresidentBushstressedonceagainthatwhilehewouldliketoseetheviolenceend,anycease-firemustbedurableandrespectedbyall.布什总统再次强调，虽然他希望暴力冲突结束，但是任何停火必须是能够持久的，而且受到所有各方的尊重。traumatize(v.)inflictatraumaupontrauma(n.)anyphysicaldamagetothebodycausedbyviolenceoraccidentorfractureetc.//anemotionalwoundorshockoftenhavinglong-lastingeffectsOkwellhaveyouthoughtabouthowthiscouldtraumatizeBenandCarol?好吧！你有没有想过这会伤害本和卡罗尔的心？Thesepeoplehastheserioustraumaduetotheearthquake.这些人因为地震受到严重的精神创伤。Paragraph4Thepro-technologycomebackisthatcomputerswillsomedaycompressentirelibrariesontochipsordiscsand,thereby,openvastvistasofinformationtoalmostanyone.Finally,there'scommonsense:domostpeoplereallyneedaccessto,say,theentirecollectionoftheNewYorkPulblicLibrary?compressmakemorecompactbyorasifbypressing;squeezeorpresstogetherTheyusedanaircompressortotakeinatmosphericair,compressit,andforceitintothecabin.他们用一台空气压缩机把大气中的空气吸进来，加以压缩，然后送入船舱。Itcanbeusedtocompressapackage,makingmorecargofitinacarrier.它可以用来压紧包裹，使得一件行李中装进更多的东西。vistathevisualperceptofaregionHecouldseethroughthewindowsavistaofgreenfields.透过窗户他可以看到碧绿的田野风光。Thisdiscoveryopenupnewvistaofresearchforbiologist.这一发现为生物学家展示了新的研究前景。Thedaysstretchoutinanendlessvista.时日在无穷的展望中延展着.arithmetic(n.)thebranchofpuremathematicsdealingwiththetheoryofnumericalcalculations,算术(adj.)relatingtoorinvolvingarithmeticOthermathematicsbranches:Algebra代数,Geometry几何,

Calculous

微积分,simultaneously(adv.)atthesameinstantOnlyhumanshaveabrainbigenoughtodothissimultaneouslyanddoitwell.只有人类的脑袋够大，同时去做这多样东西，而且做得很好。Everythingintheuniverseexistsatonetimesimultaneously.宇宙中的一切在一个时间内同时存在。Thismakespeoplealmostreceiveinformationsimultaneouslyorintime.这使人们几乎得以同时或即刻收到讯息。terminalelectronicequipmentconsistingofadeviceprovidingaccesstoacomputer;hasakeyboardanddisplay终端；stationwheretransportvehiclesloadorunloadpassengersorgoods终点"DatasentbetweentheTerminalserverandtheclientcanbeencryptedforsecurity."终端服务器和客户端之间发送的数据可以加密以确保安全。YourTerminalServerclientlicensenumberiscurrentlybeingusedbyanotheruser.你的终端服务器客户许可证目前正在被另一个用户使用。bottleneck(n.)thenarrowpartofabottlenearthetop;anarrowingthatreducestheflowthroughachannel;(v.)slowdownorimpedebycreatinganobstructionHislazinesshasbottleneckedoureffortstoreformthesystem..Howeveritisthebottleneckthatrestrainsmedicalimageapplicationinclinicalpractice.accesstherighttoenter;therighttoobtainormakeuseofortakeadvantageofsomething(asservicesormembership);awayofenteringorleavingCheckyouraccesspermissionsonthisresource.检查您对该资源的访问权限。Thiswizardwillletyouchangeaccesstoasharedfolder.使用该向导可更改对共享文件夹的访问权限。Thisresortiseasilyaccessiblebyroad,railandair.Paragraph5Insteadofa10-centpressreleasethattooktwodaystoprepareand29centstomail,Igeta$4.50tapethatcost$2tomailandtwomonthstoprepare.ToviewthemwouldrequirefindingaVCRandwastingfiveto10minuteswatching.bombardthrowbombsatorattackwithbombs;addresswithcontinuouslyorpersistently,asifwithabarrageThereportersbombardthepresidentwithquestionsabouthiseconomicpolicy.新闻记者提出许多有关经济政策的问题围攻总统Thenewjournalisbombardedwithlettersofcriticismfromthesubscribers.订阅者的批评信使这份新杂志感到措手不及。promotionaloforrelatingtoservingaspublicity;oforrelatingtoadvancementPerhapsIcouldsendyousomepromotionalmaterialonHangzhou.也许我可以给你寄一些介绍杭州的旅游资料。Bettyproposedanewpromotionaladcampaignthatshouldboostsales.贝蒂提出了一个新的可以推进销售的奖励性广告活动。tosstheactofflippingacoin;tothrowsomethingcarelesslytossandturn翻来覆去难以入睡；辗转反侧Iwouldtossthemintothesea.我会把它们统统地扔进大海。Let'stossupwhoplaysfirst.我们来掷硬币决定谁先玩吧。Elsewhere,itisatoss-up.在别处，这是碰运气的事。Paragraph6Iamnotabouttoarguethatalltechnologyisbad.Oursisaneraofconspicuoustechnologicalupheaval.Butthepurportedgainsofnewtechnology--risingincomes,greaterproductivity--seemtoeludeus....thecomputerrevolution,whosefullbenefitswillsoonburstuponus.conspicuousobvioustotheeyeormind;withoutanyattemptatconcealment;completelyobviousHewasconspicuousamonghiscolleagues.他在同事中是出类拔萃的。Thebuildingisconspicuousforitsstyle.这个建筑风格独特，很显眼。Onlyunderthedualguidanceofschoolandfamilycanconspicuouseffectsbeachieved.只有在学校和家长的双重引导下,才能产生显著的效果。upheavalastateofviolentdisturbanceanddisorder(asinpoliticsorsocialconditionsgenerally);aviolentdisturbanceMassunemploymentmayleadtosocialupheaval.大批失业会导致社会动乱。ItwasfacedwiththegreatestsocialupheavalsinceWorldWarll.它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。Manyyearsago,Johnsonfacedamajorupheavalinhislife.许多年前，约翰逊遭遇生命中的剧变。purportedcommonlyputforthoracceptedastrueoninconclusivegroundsApurportedbiographyofhimisafake.“所谓的有关他的传记是伪造的。”Theletterpurportedtobefromthegovernor.据称,该信来自州长。purport(v.)proposeorintendHisplansarenotwhattheypurporttobe.他的计划并不如他们所声称的那样。eludeescape,eitherphy