贺羽江名词性从句

贺羽江名词性从句

NounClause概念：

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

引导词：名词性从句的连接词分为从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。█从属连词that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；█

if/whether有词义，在从句中不担任成分。█连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which有词义，在从句担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语或定语。█连接副词when,where,why,how有词义，在从句中担任成分作状语。

词形词义在从句中作的成分从属连词thatXXwhether/if是否X连接代词what(ever)（无论）什么，所…的主、宾、表、定which(ever)（无论）哪个那些主、宾、表、定who(ever)（无论）谁（主格）主、宾、表whom(ever)（无论）谁（宾格）宾语whose(ever)（无论）谁的（所有格）定语连接副词when(ever)（无论）什么时候时间状语where(ever)（无论）在哪里地点状语why为什么原因状语how(ever)（无论）怎样，怎么方式状语语序问题1.Heasked____foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid1、名词性从句都用

，即把引导词放在从句开头，后边采用

结构。陈述语序“主语+谓语”2.感叹句变为宾语从句，也应用

。陈述语序2.Youcanhardlyimagine___whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited

主语从句(subjectclause)概念：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句位置：通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式 主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。连接词：that,whether,

what(ever),which(ever),who(ever),

whom(ever),whose

when(ever),where(ever),why,how,how(ever),howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfarHehasarrived.Thissurprisedusalot.Thathehasarrivedsurprisedusalot.Itsurprisedusalotthathehasarrived.That引导的主语从句

1)that不作成分，无词义，仅起连接作用，不能省略.Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.2)为了使句子保持平衡，常用__来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到_____，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。后面it由it作形式主语的几种情况。1)It+系动词+名词/形容词+that从句。常用的名词：afact,apity,goodnews,nowonder,nosurprise,etc.常用的形容词：natural,strange,important,obvious,likely,necessary,certain,etc.①Itisnowonderthathe’smadesomuchprogress.②Itisapitythatyoudidn’tattendthelectureyesterday.③Itisstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.④Itislikelythattherewillbeaheavyraintomorrow.2)It+vi.+that从句常用的不及物动词：seem(似乎；看上去),happen,occurtosb.碰巧⑤IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenshecalled.⑥Itseemsthatyoudidn’tlikeher.3)It+be+过去分词+that从句常用的过去分词：reported;said;considered;thought(有人认为);decided⑦Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad.⑧ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.注意：1).It+be+suggested/advised/ordered+that从句.从句常用：should+do,should可省。

①Itwassuggestedthatthey(should)starttheprojectthenextmonth.2).注意区分it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句②Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.③Idon’tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.

④Itwasakindwomanthatmymotheris.完成句子①据报道，那个国家正遭到恐怖分子的袭击。

countrywasundertheterroristattack.②你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。

youmissedthefilm.Itwasreported

thatItisapitythat③学生学好英语很重要。

astudentlearnsEnglishwell.④据说他在地震中丧生了。

hewaskilledintheearthquake.⑤看起来他们将要赢得这场比赛。

theywillwinthegame.ItisveryimportantthatItissaidthatItseemsthat2.whether引导的主语从句1)whether引导的主语从句，意为“是否”，不作句子成分，仅起引导作用。Whetherthesportsmeetwillbeheldisnotcertainnow.2)可用形式主语it替代真正的主语从句。Itwasnotclearwhetherthecompetitionwouldbeputoff.注意：1)if表示“是否”不能用于句首；而whether可以放在句首也可放在句尾。①

It’snotsureifhewillsucceed.2)whether后无ornot时可与if互换。②

Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.3)已确定的事由that引导;

没决定的事由whether引导.③Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.④Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.用if或whether填空1._______thecompanywillbuyheramobilephonehasnotbeendecided.2.Thequestionis_______hewillhelpus3.Iworryabout_______Ihurtherfeelings.4.Iwonder________hewillattendthemeetingornot.5._____youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.WhetherWhetherWhetherWhetherIf3.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever,whom,whomever等.Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.Whicheverofusfulfilshistaskfirstwilllendahelpinghandtoothers.Whicheverbookyouchoosedoesn’tmattertome.注意：which(ever)引导主语从句时需要限定一个有限的、较小的范围，意为“哪一个”

what(ever)引导主语从句时指在一个较广的范围内进行选择或者根本没有范围，意为“所…的”。①

Youcanusethemoneytobuywhateveryoulike.

②Ihavethreearticlesofnewclothing.Youcanborrowwhicheveryoulike.选词填空（who/whom/whose）①

______willgototheconcertisnotknown.②_______weshouldturntoforhelpwhenintroubleisevident(明显的).③_______watchwaslostisunknown.将下列定语从句转化为主语从句④Anyonewhoseesthenewschoolcan’thelpfeelingexcitedaboutthegreatachievementwe’vemade.

can’thelpfeelingexcitedaboutthegreatachievementwe’vemade.⑤Anythingthatyouwanttodoisfinewithme.

isfinewithme.WhoWhomWhoseWhoeverseesthenewschoolWhateveryouwanttodo

whatever(=anything+定语从句)whoever(=anyonewho)4.连接副词when(ever),where(ever),how(ever),why,

howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar等.Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howlongwewilldiscussmustbeagreedon.完成句子：这本书销量如何取决于作者本人。

dependsonitsauthor.我们在哪儿开会无所谓。

havethemeetingmakesnodifference.我们很长时间没有见面是因为她已去国外工作。

eachotherforalongtimeisthatshehasgonetoworkabroad.还没决定何时举行我们的运动会。

holdoursportsmeethasn’tbeendecidedyet.

HowthebookwillsellWhereweshallWhywehaven’tmetWhenweshall2.名词从句作主语，用单数动词。①

Whetherwewillgoonwiththeworkdependsontheweather.两个以上的主语从句出现时，谓语动词用复数形式。①

Whenandwheretheyhadthepartywasunknown②Whentheyhadthepartyandwheretheyhaditwereunknown.

主语从句中应该注意的问题：1.主语从句的语序要用陈述语序。①whichcaryouwillchoosetobuymakesnodifferences.②whowillbeourEnglishteacherisnotdecided.I.在下列各句空格中填入what或that：1.________youaredoingseemsverydifficult.2.________Tomwillrefusetheofferisunlikely.3.________theprisonerescapedbythebackdoorisquiteclear.4.Heisgreatlyinterestedin____theteacherteaches.5.Theywillbeverythankfulfor________youcangivethem.6.Thestudentalwayspaysattentionto_________theteacherssay.WhatThatThatwhatwhatwhat1._________wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._______weneedismoretime.3._______madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.

选择填空what,whatever,who,whoeverWhateverWhatWhoWhoever【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。Whetherif,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.Whatthat引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”。将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。Whoever主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。remain7.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.8.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。have在“Itisrequested/ordered/suggested+that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。(should)makeIII.用适当的单词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。1.______hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.2.________wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.3.Itisapity_____wewon’tbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummerholidays.4._______sheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.5._______hecamefromstillpuzzlesallofus.6.Ithappened_____Isawhimyesterday.7.Itdoesnotmakeanydifferencetome______youdo.ThatWhetherthatWhetherWherethatwhat1.____wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A.Anyone B.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who2.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.

A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which3.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.What B.That C.This D.Which4.___IneedismoretimeA.ThatB.WhatC./D.Which高考链接5.____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.If B.Whether C.That D.Where6.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,___