2016高考英语动词时态语态复习课件-图文

EnglishBasic

verbTenses(时态)

&Voices(语态）时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时，将来完成时一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态呼应问题。3、延续性动词和终止性动词的用法区别。4、及物动词（vt.)的被动语态。5、某些以主动形式表被动意义的动词的用法。1)表经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如always,often/usually/frequently,sometimes,every…,

at…,onSundays/….

动词的时态（Tenses)Fillintheblanks.I_____(study)hard

abroadeverydayandI_____(get)alongwellwithmyroommates,butsometimesI_____(miss)myfamilies.studygetmiss.一.一般现在时

(ThePresentIndefinite)Correctthesentence.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun._______2)表客观事实、普遍真理。注意：主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it或单个的人名、单个的事物名称）谓语动词+s/es,其余人称作主语谓语动词用原形.movesTheshopwillcloseat9:00p.m._____3)表示按计划、规定，时间表将要发生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/终止性动词，常与时间状语连用．Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes.

closes一般现在时的典型例句ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell­educated.Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgothere.3.Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyouwritetome.注意一些特殊的连词until,assoonas,themoment,immediately;aslongas,unless…4.Therecomesthebus.汽车来了

Theregoesthebell.铃响了二.现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)

2)

表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。We___________(have)

Englishclassnow.arehavingShe___________(learn)pianounderMr.Smithatpresent.islearning1)

表示现在这个时刻(指说话时)正在发生的事情。

Translatethesentence.这个女孩老是在公共场所高谈阔论。Thegirlis

alwaystalkingloudinpublic.★进行时态与always,often/usually/frequently/constantly/allthetime等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或说话人赞叹或厌恶等感情色彩.3)现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作,多用于位移/终止性动词,如:come,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.I____________(leave)tomorrow._____you_______(stay)heretillnextweek?amleavingArestaying4.现在进行时可以表示现在不断发展变化的事情。It’slateAutumn.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.Correctthesentence.AllthestudentshereisbelongingtoNo.1MiddleSchool.________belong(1)表心理状态、情感的动词：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,agree,mean,need(2)表存在的状态动词：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬间动词：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(4)感官动词：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look。【注意】

一般情况下，下面4类动词无进行时态：

现在进行时典型句型Heisalwaysaskingmethesamequestion.That‘sboring！2.----Doyouworkhere？

--—No，I'mjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretarycomes.现在进行时和一般现在时的比较

①暂时性动作和经常性动作

Thecomputerisworkingperfectly.

计算机运转得很好。（暂时）

Thecomputerworksperfectly.

计算机运转很好。（一直如此）

②持续性动作和短暂性动作

Thebusisstopping.

车停了下来。（渐渐地）

Thebusstops.车停了。（迅速）

③暂时性动作和永久性动作

Sheislivinginthecountry.

她现在住在农村。（暂时）

Shelivesinthecountry.

她住在农村。（永久）

④有感情色彩和没有感情色彩

Heisdoingwellatschool.

他在学校表现很好。（赞扬）

Hedoeswellatschool.

他在学校表现很好。（一般事实）三.现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense)

1).现在完成时表示从过去开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词.常与表一段时间的状语连用,如:sofar,upto/tillnow,lately/recently,in/during/overthelast/past…,since…,for…

等．He__________(live)inGuiyangoverthepast6years.haslived2).说话前发生的一次或多次的动作，成为了一种经历，表示过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有:just,already,yet,

ever,never,once，twice，manytimes等.We____________(finish)ourlunchalready.______youever______(try)thismethod?

havefinishedHavetried注意：Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.

Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.非延续性/瞬间/终止性动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用于完成时态中，即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

如：begin/start,find,see,marry,buy，borrow,return,die,get等。（错）（对）Let’spractice1.Daniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.2.Theboysaretired.They_______________(justplay)aballgame.3.IwenttoEgyptin1986.Thenin2004Iwentthereagain.I__________(be)toEgypttwice.haslivedhavejustplayedhavebeensince和for

填空since+______,用来说明动作起始时间for+_______,用来说明动作延续时间。

Ihavelivedhere____atleast

twentyyears.

Ihavelivedhere____Iwasborn.

时间点时间段forsince现在完成时典型句型Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore.Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.3.In(over)thepast10years,ourschoolhavechangedalot.4.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenthere.5.Howardisoneofthemostfamousexplorerstheworldhaseverknown.语篇填空

Welcometoourschool.I’dliketointroduceyouplansforourschool.Alotofwork1____________(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary2________________(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.1.由时间状语inthepastfewyears可知。2.根据isreadyforuse可推出。hasbeendonehasbeencompleted

固定的特殊句型：

1).Itis(hasbeen)+一段时间+since-clause.2)This

(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(现在完成时).

Tips:

Multiplechoice

---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.A.painted B.hadpainted C.havebeenpainting D.havepaintedNowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshe_______yet.

Ahadconsidered,hadn’tdecided Bhasbeenconsidering,hasn’tdecidedCconsidered,didn’tdecide Disgoingtoconsider,won’tdecideCB四.现在完成进行时表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。强调的是“从过去到现在一直在进行”。其时间的判定由具体的时间段或上下句的语境决定。Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderB句意：既然露西失业了，她一直在考虑返校读书，但她还没有定下来。解析

现在完成时和现在完成进行时都表示动作从过去开始，但现在完成时可表示事件或动作刚结束，而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续。

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的对比：

_______________________________________________past&pastpastnowfuture_______________________________________past&pastpastnowfuturePPT:havedonehavebeendoingPPCTLiJia__________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia________________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.)

hasread

hasbeenreading

五.一般过去时

(TheSimplePastTense)

1.表过去发生了的动作或存在的状态。常与表过去的时间连用。如yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,theotherday等。I__________(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountrysideseveralyearsago.Spent注意：2.表示说话人始料未及的事情，要用一般过去时。Ididn’tknowitwasyou.Ineverexpectedyouwouldbringmeagift.一般过去时的典型例句Heoftensangwhenhewasaboy.2.----Edward，youplaysowell.ButIdidn'tknowyouplayedthepiano.3.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.IstudiedFrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t.(T/F)thought过去时和现在完成时HehaslivedinBeijingforfouryears.他在北京住了四年了。（现在仍住那儿）HelivedinBeijingforfouryears.他曾在北京住了四年。（现在不住那儿了）1.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.2.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.

句1从句谓语动词为状态动词句2从句谓语动词为终止性动词自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。自从我生病以来，他屡次给我写信。

Itisoneyearsincehebeganlivingthere.Itisoneyearsincehelivedthere.若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作结束或状态结束时算起”。Itishalfamonthsincehewasastudent.Ihaven’theardanynoisesinceIslept.

高考题点击：1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!A.promises B.promised C.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.A.married B.didn’tmarry C.wasnotmarrying D.wouldmarry说明：until

修饰的动词必须是延续性动词并且为肯定形式，表示该动作一直持续到until后的时间为止；终止性动词只能用在否定句中，表示直到此时该动作才开始。BB3.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t._________Dthought(1)Duringthesummerof2010she___________(travel)inEurope.wastraveling五.过去进行时

Thepastcontinuoustense规则1：过去某一时刻或某一阶段内正在进行或频繁发生的动作.

(3)I____________(wonder)ifyoucouldgivemealift.waswondering★规则3：过去进行时可以表示委婉语气.(2)ImetDianawhileI____________(shop)thismorning.规则2：某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，常用于由when/while,as引导的时间状语从句中.wasshopping仅限于wonder，want,hope等，用于提出请求。5.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.A.read…wasfalling B.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell说明：一般来说在复合句中的两个动作，延续性的动作大都用进行时，短暂性的动作用一般时，表示在某个动作进行的过程当中另一个动作发生了。B七.过去完成时(haddone)表示过去的过去，即过去某个时间或动作之前

发生的事情或存在的状态。

表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况

(过去的过去）

IhadstayedinBeijingforthreeyearsby2003.

当我去到机场时,他已经走了.WhenIgottotheairport,_____________________.他说他之前读过这本书.Hesaid______________________.Bytheendoflastmonthwehaveviewedscoresofwebsites.hehadalready

lefthehadread

thebookbeforehad7.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost8.—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.

A．went

B．aregoing

C．havegone

D．hadgoneBD六.过去完成时

(ThepastperfectTense)表示过去的过去，即过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事情或存在的状态。Wearrivedearlierthanwe_______________(expect).hadexpected规则2：表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、承诺等。常用had

hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected(＋that…/to

do)或用上述动词的过去式接不定式完成式表示，即：hoped/planned…＋to(have

done)。Theyhad

been

learningabroadfor6yearstilllastmonth.Bob__________________(serve)inthearmybeforehebecameajournalist.七.过去完成进行时

Thepastperfectcontinuoustense结构：hadbeen+v-ing表示过去某个时间或动作之前一直进行的事情。hadbeenservingTheemployer_________________(interview)alltheemployeesnextWednesday.

ProfessorSmith____________________(lecture)onmoderndramatonight.

Thedarkcloudsis/wasgathering.There________________(be)astorm.willinterview八.一般(过去)将来时(TheSimple/PastFutureTense)1.表示(过去)将来/要发生的动作或存在的状态。will/would+v.isgoingtolecture2.表(过去)计划、安排、打算、预测将要做某事。am/is/are(was/were)goingto+v.is/wasgoingtobeTheywillsay/saidgoodbye,littleknowingthey____________________never___________(meet)again.He____________________(apologize)tomewhensomeonegaveasuddenblowonhisshoulder.will(would)/are(were)meet/tomeet3.am/is/are(was/were)

to

do

sth.表按计划、安排(过去)即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等.wasabouttoapologize4.am/is/are(was/were)abouttodosth.(when…)“正/就要做某事”（不与具体时间连用）I______________(enjoy)thebeautifulsunshinebathinFloridathisweekend.We______________________(accomplish)theservicetaskinthiscommunitybeforenextSaturday.willbeenjoying九.将来进行时

TheFutureContinousTense表将来某个时间正在进行的动作。will

be

+v-ingwillhaveaccomplished十.将来完成时

TheFuturePerfectTense表将来某个时间已经完成的事情。will

have

+v.pp状语从句中的时态1.---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.A.get B.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.A.havesurvived B.aretosurvive C.wouldsurvive D.willsurviveAB3.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsnameunlessitwillincludeacountrythatishometoone-fifthofmankind.________4.Japanwillneverberecovered/restoredevenifitwillreturnDiaoyuIslandstoChina._______5.Theharderyouwillstudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.doesdoes

含有状语从句的主从复合句时态主将从现。其它主从复合句中时态的呼应1.Idon’tthink___________________________.他（将）通过（了）驾驶测试。2.TheWhitesexpected___________________________Tonny

能出国深造。hewillpass(passed)thedrivingtestTonnycouldstudyfurtherabroad主句为一般现在时，（宾语）从句可为任何时态；主句为过去时，（宾语）从句跟相应的过去时态。1.LeaveitwithmeandI_____whatIcando.A.seeB.seeingC.amseeing D.willsee2.Pleasegivebloodifyoucanorsomelives______.A.scareaway B.couldscareawayC.scaredawayD.toscareawayDB在祈使句＋and/or/…＋陈述句句型中，陈述句中只能用will/情态动词＋动词原形。Remember下列句型Itis(has

been)/was

＋一段时间＋since…(did/had

done)

This(That/It)is/wasthefirst(second…)timethat…＋have(has)done/had

done

This(That/It)is/wastheonly…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

done

This(That/It)is/wasthebest/finest/mostinteresting…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

doneWehadno

soonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Hardly/Scarcely_____webeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.=Thebusstartedas

soon

aswewereseated.hadHardly/scarcely…过去完成时+when…一般过去时Nosooner…过去完成时+than…一般过去时2.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.A.ischanging B.haschanged C.willhavechanged D.willchangeA3._____mysisterthreetimestodaybutherlinewasalways

busy.

A.I’dphoned B.I’vebeenphoning

C.I’vephoned D.IwasphoningC4.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduate B.willhavegraduatedC.graduates D.istograduate5.It____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe,willknow B.is,willknowC.willnotbe,know D.is,knowCC6.By

thetimeJanegetshome,heraunt_______forLondontoattend

a

meeting.A.willleaveB.leaves C.willhaveleftD.left7.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.A.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleftCBRemember:by…“到……为止”句子用完成时态。8.---Oh,it’syou!I____you.---I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognize9.AThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.wastravellingB.travelledC.hadbeentravellingD.wastotravelA10.WhenIwasatcollegeI___threeforeignlanguages,butI___allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoken;hadforgottenD.hadspoken;haveforgotten11.---Ihaven’theardfromHenryforalongtime.---Whatdoyousuppose____tohim?A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.hadhappened12.Jack___apostmanforaboutsixyears.A.hasbecomeB.hasturnedC.haschangedD.hasbeenBCD动词的语态(voices)

动词语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。动词谓语部分结构：be

+

v.pp

动词时态语态一览表(以do为例）时态主动被动一般现在时do/does现在进行时am/is/aredoing现在完成时have/hasdone一般过去时did过去进行时was/weredoing过去完成时haddone一般将来时willdo将来完成时willhavedoneam/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendone及物动词(vt.)有被动语态，不及物动词(vi.)或短语无被动语态.

比较：rise是不及物动词；raise是及物动词。

Thepricehasbeenrisen.

Thepricehasrisen.

Thepricehasraised.

Thepricehasbeenraised.

Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.

Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.

(错)(对)(错)(对)(错)(对)

1、对于这个问题，关注很少。Littleattention

waspaid

tothisproblem.2、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。Groupdiscussionshouldbeencouragedinclass.3、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。Itisreportedthatanewroadwillbebuilthere.4、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。Measuresshouldbetakentostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.主动和被动

getdone1).Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.2).Hegotinjuredwhilesearchingforthelostboyinthewoods.

3).Trytoavoid_____________(受伤害）

whilebeinginlovewithothers.

gettinghurt4).Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_____（pay）bythehour.paid 二、 主动形式

表

被动意义1.连系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep+adj.

构成系表结构,主动表被动。Thesteelfeelscold.Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.Theyogurtinthefridge______________(已经变质）.hasgonebad

2.表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如:begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等主动表被动。Workbeganat7o’clockthismorning.Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.3.need/want/requiredoing,beworthdoing,betoblame主动表被动。Theequipmentinthecorner________________(需要修理).requiresrepairingIfeelitisyourhusbandwho______(blame)forthespoiledchild.Theman_______(blame)fortheaccidenthasbeenpunished.

Whodoyouthink____forthefailureoftheirmarriage?A.toblameB.tobeblameC.istoblameD.istobeblamed

Cistoblame toblame Theclothwasheswell.

Hisbookdoesnotsell.4.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如

read,write,act,iron,draw,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,shut,dry,eat,drink.这类动词

一般

不单独使用，常有well,easily等修饰语。Haveatest!1、I’llgivethebooktohimassoonashe________(come)back.2、Hasthebaby________cryingyet?(stop)3、Idon’tknowwhetherMother__________metoBeijingnextmonth.(take)4、She_______onhercoatandwentout.(put)comesstoppedwilltakeput5、“Whataretheydoing?”“They__________readyforthesportsmeeting.”(get)6、Theboyaskedhismother________himgoandplaybasketball.(let)7、I’msorrytokeepyou____________foralongtime.(wait)aregettingtoletwaiting8、Mr.Yu_____________(teach)usmathssince1982.9.Thewindowsofourlab___________(clean)onceaweek.10、Ourteacher___________(join)thepartytwentyyearsago.11、She___________(work)inthisfactoryfortenyears.hastaughtarecleanedjoinedhasworked12.ItisthefirsttimethatI____________(visit)thecity13.Nosooner______he________(enter)theofficethanthetelephonerang．14.ItismysecondtimethatI________________(see)thisbook.havevisitedhadenteredhaveseen15.I_____________(do)myhomeworkwhenUFOarrived.16.WhileI______________(sleep),myfathercamein.17.Workhardandyou_______________(succeed)，wasdoingwassleepingwillsucceed=Workinghard,youwillsucceedpartthree动词变三单：

动词第三人称单数的变化规则：

①、一般情况下，词尾加s，如；like----likes,want----wants.

②、以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es，如，watch---watches,go---goes。

③、以y结尾的归两大类：

★元音+y要加s，如play----plays

★辅音+y要变y为i+es如study---studies动词ing变化规则1.通常在动词后加ing。如play→playing2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e加ing。如make→making

3.以辅元辅结尾的动词，双写末尾字母，再加ing。如run→running,cut,begin,shut4.以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。如lie→lying

注：travel/quarrel可双写l，也可不双写。如travel→travelling/traveling5.Refer–referring,prefer,occur动词过去式变化:

[1]e,ie

结尾的动词,直接加d:smile--smiled;.died;tied..

[2]一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:

(1)对单音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed.stopped;planned;

(2)对双音节单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed.如:preferred(重读在fer前);admitted;referred;4]y结尾的情况:

元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed:played;enjoyed.

辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed:worried;studied.(2015·江苏高考)Therealreasonwhyprices________(be),andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.

(2015·湖南高考)Asyougothroughthisbook,you________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.

were

willfind3.(2015·湖南高考)HemusthavesensedthatI________(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”4.(2015·湖南高考)Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but________(hold)backthankfullybytheshopwindow.waslookingwasheld5.(2015·北京高考)—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes.We________(treat)wellbyourhosts.6.(2015·北京高考)Inthelastfewyears,China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.

weretreated

hasmade7.(2015·重庆高考)—IsPetercoming?—No,he________(change)hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.8.(2015·重庆高考)Inmyhometown,thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheat________(cut).changedhasbeencutverb（谓语）tense（时态）voice（语态）subject-verbagreement（主谓一致）non-verb（非谓语）element（成分）logicalsubject（逻辑主语）relation（关系）1.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourdestination.（2008年广东高考）2.China_________(be)famousforteaproductionsinceancienttimes.(2013年惠州模拟）3.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_______(close)mybookandwalkedaway.(2008年广州一模)4.Thechild_______________(take)goodcareofbyGrandmaWanginthepast2years.closedhasbeenresultshasbeentaken5.Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”6.Thecomputer________(use)forthispurposeisprogrammedtobefriendly.7.Hetried