外国投资者并购境内企业规定

RecentevolutionsonIPRinChinaShiJiayou(AssociateProfessorinRenminUniversityofChina,PhDofParisIandofRenminUniversity)ChinaSymposium,Singapore,Jan.302008Chinesecourtshandle52,437IPRcasesduringfiveyears

Chinesecourtsatalllevelsheard54,321andconcluded52,437casesofcivillawsuitsconcerningIPRatfirstinstancefrom2002to2006.Con’tInlinewiththeprinciplesofcomprehensiveIPRinfringementcompensation,courtsatalllevelshavebeengraduallyincreasingtheamountofcompensation.Foreign-relatedcasesDuringtheyearsfrom2002to2006,China'scourtshavesettled931foreign-relatedIPRcases,withanaverageannualincreaseof48.29%.

Con’tCon’tProvisionsforForeignInvestorstoMergeandAcquireDomesticEnterprises(M&ARules)

《外国投资者并购境内企业规定》8August,2006promulgatedbysixministriesThenewM&ARules,whichtakeseffectonSeptember8,2006,replacetheoldM&ArulesinChinathatwerepromulgatedin12,2003(InterimProvisionsforForeignInvestorstoMergeandAcquireDomesticEnterprises)Article12(IP)Whereaforeigninvestorintendstoobtaintheactualcontrollingpowerofadomesticenterpriseitplanstotakeover,andifanyimportantindustryisconcerned,orifithasanimpactonormayhaveanimpactonthenationaleconomicsecurity,oritwillleadtothetransferoftheactualcontrollingpowerofadomesticenterprisewhichholdswell-knowntrademarkorahistoricChinesebrandname,thepartiesconcernedshallfileanapplicationwiththeMinistryofCommerce.

Ifthepartiesconcernedfailtodoso,whileitstakeoverhashadormayhaveaseriousimpactonthenationaleconomicsecurity,theMinistryofCommercemay,jointlywiththerelevantdepartments,demandthepartiesconcernedtoterminatethetransactionortransfertherelevantequities/assetsortakeothereffectivemeasurestoeliminatethetakeover’simpactonthenationaleconomicsecurity.QuestionsImportantIndustry:sensitiveindustry? (List?Orcatalogueofindustries)Nationaleconomicsecurity:

appreciationMOFCOM/Localgovernment:poweroflastsayWell-knowntrademark:morethan800(2006)AhistoricChinesebrandname(中华老字号企业):morethan2,000:procedureofqualification?TrademarkLaw(revisedin2001)Article14Accountshallbetakenofthefollowingfactorsinestablishmentofawell-knowntrademark:(l)reputationofthemarktotherelevantpublic;(2)timeforcontinuoususeofthemark;(3)consecutivetime,extentandgeographicalareaofadvertisementofthemark;(4)recordsofprotectionofthemarkasawell-knownmark;(5)anyotherfactorsrelevanttothereputationofthemark.JudicialinterpretationsSince2001,theSupremeCourthasreviewedandamended18judicialinterpretations,whichinvolvepatents,trademarks,copyrights,newplantvarieties,integratedcircuitdesign,technicalcontracts,unfaircompetition,computernetworkdomainnames,intellectualpropertycrime,pre-trialprovisionalmeasures,IPRpropertypreservationmeasures,casejurisdictionandtrialdivision.InterpretationonSomeIssuesConcerningtheApplicationofLawintheTrialofCivilCasesInvolvingUnfairCompetition(2007)《最高人民民法院关于于审理不正正当竞争民民事案件应应用法律若若干问题的的解释》TheinterpretationonSomeIssuesConcerningtheApplicationofLawintheTrialofCivilCasesInvolvingUnfairCompetitionhasbeenpromulgatedbytheSupremePeople’sCourtonJanuary12,2007andcomeintoforceasofFebruary1,2007.“well-knowncommodities”Commoditiesshallnotbeaffirmedas““well-known””,providedthattheyareonlyfamousoutsidetheterritorybutnotwithintheterritoryofChina.enterprisenameorpersonalnameThenameofenterpriseorpersonalnamewhichshallbeprotectedaccordingtolawhasbeenextendedtothebusinessnameofanenterpriseorthepennameorstagenameofanynaturalperson.TradesecretsInterpretationprovidesthatthenamelistofcustomersamongtradesecretsshallgenerallyrefertothename,address,contactinformation,tradinghabits,tradingintent,andtradingcontentsofcustomersthatconsistofthespecificclientinformationdifferentfromrelevantpublicinformation.TradeSecretUnavailabilitytothePublic--CommercialValueandPracticalApplicability--ConfidentialityMeasuresReverseengineeringInaccordancewithInterpretation,itislegitimateformanagerstoobtainbusinesssecretsbywayofreverseengineering.Nevertheless,itstressesthatreverseengineeringwillnotbeagooddefenseforatradesecretinfringementclaimwherethetradesecrethasbeenobtainedinanirregularwaybefore.CivilliabilitiesRemediesforInfringementofTradeSecretTheremediesforinfringementoftradesecretundertheInterpretationincludeinjunctivereliefanddamages.InjunctiveReliefDamages(i)lostprofitsincurredbythetradesecretownerduetosuchinfringement;or(ii)unjustbenefitobtainedbythedefendantduringsuchinfringement;or(iii)reasonableroyaltywhereneitherlostprofitsnorunjustbenefitorsomecombinationofthetworemediesareapplicable;or(iv)commercialvalueofsuchtradesecretwherethetradesecrethasbeenknowntothepublicduetosuchinfringement.JurisdictionAccordingtotheInterpretation,ingeneraltheintermediatecourtshavejurisdictionoveranyunfaircompetitionclaims.LaborContractLawof2007Thislawcontainsprovisionstoregulatebothemployersandemployeesontradesecretsandintellectualpropertyconfidentialityrelatedissues.LaborContractLawArticle23Employersandemployeesmayincludetermsintheirlaborcontractrelatingtotheconfidentialityofbusinesssecretsandintellectualproperty.Inlaborcontractswhichcontainconfidentialityobligations,employerandemployeemayagreeonthecompetitionrestriction.Aftercancellationorterminationofthelaborcontractandduringtheperiodofrestrictedcompetition,compensationshallbepaidonamonthlybasis.Employeeswhobreachtheclausesrestrictingcompetitionshallpayliquidateddamagestotheemployerinaccordancewiththeagreementthereof.Con’tArticle24Personnelsubjecttorestrictionsincompetitionshallbelimitedtoseniormanagement,seniortechniciansandotherindividualswithobligationsofconfidentiality.Thescope,areaandtermoftherestrictionshallbeagreeduponbetweentheemployerandtheemployeeandshallnotbeinviolationoflaws,rulesandregulations.Theterm,inwhichtheemployeeswhoaresubjecttorestrictionsoncompetitioninworkingforacompetingbusinesswhichproducesthesameproductsorservices,orstartsabusinessforthesameproductsorservices,shallnotexceedtwoyears.Con’tArticle90Ifaworkerterminateshisemploymentcontractinviolationofthislaworbreachesobligationsofconfidentialityorrestrictionsoncompetitionstipulatedinhis/heremploymentcontract,andifsuchviolationorbreachcauseslossestohisemployer,hewillbeheldliablefordamages.CHINTv.Schneider(2007)ThejudgmentoftheChineseIPinfringementcaseinthefirstinstancewithhighestdamageclaimwasrenderedinWenzhou,ZhejiangprovinceonSeptember,292007.SchneiderElectricS.A,theworldleaderinthelowervoltageelectricproductsbusiness,wasorderedbyWenzhouIntermediatePeople’sCourttoceasepatentinfringementandpay3.33billionRMBasdamagestoaChineseprivate-ownedenterpriseCHINTGroup.Con’’tSchneiderinsistedthatthepatentclaimedbyCHINTshouldbeinvalidandalsofiledaninvalidationrequestagainstCHINT’spatentwiththePatentReexaminationBoardofSIPOduringthelitigationprocess,which,however,wasrefusedbytheBoard.Con’’tSchneiderwasnotsatisfiedwiththejudgment.SchneiderhasalreadyappealedagainsttherefusalofthePatentReexaminationBoardwithBeijingNo.1IntermediatePeople’’sCourt.ButtheCourthasnotyetrenderedthefinaljudgment.Pfizerv.HuiruiInOct.2007,aBeijingcourtorderedalocalbio-technologycompanytopay200,000yuanincompensationtoPfizerProducts,Inc.fortrademarkinfringement.TheBeijing-basedcompany,namingitselfasHuirui(sameasPfizer’’sChinesetradename)biotechnologiesCo.Ltd.andprominentlyusedthenameonitswebsitetopromotesalesofitsproduct..9、静夜四无无邻，荒居居旧业贫。。。12月-2212月-22Friday,December23,202210、雨中黄叶叶树，灯下下白头人。。。08:11:5908:11:5908:1112/23/20228:11:59AM11、以以我我独独沈沈久久，，愧愧君君相相见见频频。。。。12月月-2208:11:5908:11Dec-2223-Dec-2212、故人江海别别，几度隔山山川。。08:11:5908:11:5908:11Friday,December23,202213、乍见见翻疑疑梦，，相悲悲各问问年。。。12月月-2212月月-2208:11:5908:11:59December23,202214、他乡乡生白白发，，旧国国见青青山。。。23十十二二月月20228:11:59上上午午08:11:5912月月-2215、比比不不了了得得就就不不比比，，得得不不到到的的就就不不要要。。。。。。十二二月月228:11上上午午12月月-2208:11December23,202216、行动动出成成果，，工作作出财财富。。。2022/12/238:11:5908:11:5923December202217、做前前，能能够环环视四四周；；做时时，你你只能能或者者最好好沿着着以脚脚为起起点的的射线线向前前。。。8:11:59上上午8:11上上午午08:11:5912月月-229、没有有失败败，只只有暂暂时停停止成成功！！。12月月-2212月-22Friday,December23,202210、很多事事情努力力了未必必有结果果，但是是不努力力却什么么改变也也没有。。。08:11:5908:11:5908:1112/23/20228:11:59AM11、成功就是是日复一日日那一点点点小小努力力的积累。。。12月-2208:11:5908:11Dec-2223-Dec-2212、世间成事事，不求其其绝对圆满满，留一份份不足，可可得无限完完美。。08:11:5908:11:5908:11Friday,December23,202213、不知香积积寺，数里里入云峰。。。12月-2212月-2208:11:5908:11:59December23,202214、意志坚强强的人能把把世界放在在手中像泥泥块一样任任意揉捏。。23十二二月20228:11:59上上午08:11:5912月-2215、楚楚塞塞三三湘湘接接，，荆荆门门九九派派通通。。。。。。十二二月月228:11上上午午12月月-2208:11December23,202216、少少年年十十五五二二十十时时，，步步行行夺夺得得胡胡马马骑骑。。。。2022/12/238:11:5908:11:5923December202217、空空山