2020考研英语一真题及解析可编辑

--2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Eveniffamiliesdon'tsitdowntoeattogetherasfrequentlyasbefore,millionsofBritonswillnonethelesshavegotasharethisweekendofoneofthatnation'sgreattraditions;theSundayroast.__1__acoldwinter'sday,fewculinarypleasurescan2it.Yetaswereportnow,thefoodpolicearedeterminedourhealth.Thatthis__3__shouldberenderedyetanotherguiltypleasure__4__todamageourhealth.TheFoodStandardsAuthority(FSA)has__5__apublicwarningabouttherisksofacompoundcalledacrylamidethatformsinsomefoodscooked__6__hightemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshould__7__crispingtheirroastpotatoes,spurnthin-crustpizzasandonly__8__toasttheirbread.Butwhereistheevidencetosupportsuchalarmistadvice?__9__studieshaveshownthatacrylamidecancauseneurologicaldamageinmice,thereisno__10__evidencethatitcausescancerinhumans.Scientistssaythecompoundis"__11__tobecarcinogenic"buthavenohardscientificproof.__12__theprecautionaryprinciple,itcouldbearguedthatitis__13__tofollowtheFSAadvice.__14__,itwasrumoredthatsmokingcausedcancerforyearsbeforetheevidencewasfoundtoprovea__15__.Doubtlessapieceofboiledbeefcanalwaysbe__16__uponSundayalongsidesomesteamedvegetables,withouttheYorkshirepuddingandnowine.Butwouldlifebeworthliving?__17__,theFSAsaysitisnottellingpeopletocutoutroastfoods__18__,buttoreducetheirlifetimeintake.However,their__19__riskscomingacrossasexhortationandnannying.Constanthealthscaresjust__20__withnoonelistening.1.[A]In [B]Towards [C]On [D]Till2.[A]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concern4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C]compelled [D]guaranteed5.[A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]canceled6.[A]under [B]at [C]for [D]by7.[A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D]avoid8.[A]partially [B]regularly [C]easily [D]initially9.[A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A]secondary [B]external [C]inconclusive [D]negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]Onthebasisof [B]Atthecostof [C]Inadditionto [D]Incontrastto13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]Asusual [B]Inparticular [C]Bydefinition [D]Afterall15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C]connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]Tobefair [B]Forinstance [C]Tobebrief [D]ingeneral18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C]gradually [D]carefully19.[A]promise [B]experience [C]campaign [D]competition20.[A]followup [B]pickup [C]openup [D]endupSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）Text1AgroupoflabourMPs,amongthemYvetteCooper,arebringinginthenewyearwithacalltoinstituteaUK"townofculture"award.Theproposalisthatitshouldsitalongsidetheexistingcityofculturetitle,whichwasheldbyHullin2017andhasbeenawardedtoCoventryforzoz1.CooperandhercolleaguesarguethatthesuccessofthecrownforHull,whereitbroughtin£220mofinvestmentandanavalancheofarts,outnottobeconfinedtocities.Britain'town,itistruearenotpreventedfromapplying,buttheygenerallylacktheresourcestoputtogetherabittobeattheirbiggercompetitions.Atownofcultureawardcould,itisargued,becomeanannualevent,attractingfundingandcreatingjobs.SomemightseetheproposalasaboobyprizeforthefactthatBritainisnolongerbeabletoapplyforthemuchmoreprestigioustitleofEuropeancapitalofculture,asough-afterawardbaggedbyGlasgowin1990andLiverpoolin2008.AcynicmightspeculatethattheUKisonthevergeofdisappearingintoanendlessfeverofself-celebrationinitsdesperationtoreinventitselfforthepost-Brexitworld:aftertownofculture,whoknowsthatwillfollow-villageofculture?Suburbofculture?Hamletofculture?Itisalsowisetorecallthatsuchtitlesarenotacure-all.Abadlyrun"yearofculture"washesinandoutofaplacelikethetide,bringingprominenceforaspellbutleavingnolastingbenefitstothecommunity.Thereallysuccessfulholdersofsuchtitlesarethosethatdoagreatdealmorethanfillhotelbedroomsandbringinhigh-profileartseventsandgoodpressforayear.Theytransformtheaspirationsofthepeoplewholivethere;theynudgetheself-imageofthecityintoabolderandmoreoptimisticlight.Itishardtogetright,andrequiresaremarkabledegreeofvision,aswellascooperationbetweencityauthorities,theprivatesector,community.groupsandculturalorganisations.Butitcanbedone:Glasgow'syearasEuropeancapitalofculturecancertainlybeseenasoneofcomplexseriesoffactorsthathaveturnedthecityintothepowerofart,musicandtheatrethatitremainstoday.A"townofculture"couldbenotjustabouttheartsbutabouthonoringatown'speculiarities-helpingsustainitshighstreet,supportinglocalfacilitiesandaboveallcelebratingitspeopleandturnitintoaction.21.Copperandhercolleaguearguethata"townofculture"awardwould___.A.consolidatethetowncitytiesinBritainB.promotecooperationamongBrain'stownsC.increasetheeconomicstrengthofBrain'stownsD.focusBrain'slimitedresourcesonculturalevents.22.Accordingtoparagraph2,theproposalmightberegardedbysomeas______..A.asensiblecompromiseB.aself-deceivingattemptC.aneye-catchingbonusD.aninaccessibletarget23.Theauthorsuggeststhatatitleholderissuccessfulonlyifit______A.endeavortomaintainitsimageB.meetstheaspirationofitspeopleC.bringsitslocalartstoprominenceD.commitstoitslong-termgrowth24.“Glasgow”ismentionedinParagraph3topresent______A.acontrastingcaseB.asupportingexampleC.abackgroundstoryD.arelatedtopic25.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheproposal?A.SkepticalB.ObjectiveC.FavorableD.CriticalText2Scientificpublishinghaslongbeenalicencetoprintmoney.Scientistsneedjoumalsinwhichtopublishtheirresearch,sotheywillsupplythearticleswithoutmonetaryreward.Otherscientistsperformthespecialisedworkofpeerreviewalsoforfree,becauseitisacentralelementintheacquisitionofstatusandtheproductionofscientificknowledge.Withthecontentofpaperssecuredforfree,thepublisherneedsonlyfindamarketforitsjournal.Untilthiscentury,universitylibrarieswerenotverypricesensitive.Scientificpublishersroutinelyreportprofitmarginsapproaching40%ontheiroperations,atatimewhentherestofthepublishingindustryisinanexistentialcrisis.TheDutchgiantElsevier,whichclaimstopublish25%ofthescientificpapersproducedintheworld,madeprofitsofmorethan£900mlastyear,whileUKuniversitiesalonespentmorethan£210min2016toenableresearcherstoaccesstheirownpubliclyfundedresearch;bothfiguresseemtoriseunstoppablydespiteincreasinglydesperateeffortstochangethem.Themostdrastic,andthoroughlyillegal,reactionhasbeentheemergenceofSci-Hub,akindofglobalphotocopierforscientificpapers,setupin2012,whichnowclaimstoofferaccesstoeverypaywalledarticlepublishedsince2015.ThesuccessofSci-Hub,whichreliesonresearcherspassingoncopiestheyhavethemselveslegallyaccessed,showsthelegalecosystemhaslostlegitimacyamongitsusersandmustbetransformedsothatitworksforallparticipants.InBritainthemovetowardsopenaccesspublishinghasbeendrivenbyfundingbodies.Insomewaysithasbeenverysuccessful.MorethanhalfofallBritishscientificresearchisnowpublishedunderopenaccessterms:eitherfreelyavailablefromthemomentofpublication,orpaywalledforayearormoresothatthepublisherscanmakeaprofitbeforebeingplacedongeneralrelease.Yetthenewsystemhasnotworkedoutanycheaperfortheuniversities.Publishershaverespondedtothedemandthattheymaketheirproductfreetoreadersbychargingtheirwritersfeestocoverthecostsofpreparinganarticle.Theserangefromaround￡500to$5,000.Areportlastyearpointedoutthatthecostsbothofsubscriptionsandofthese“articlepreparationcosts”hadbeensteadilyrisingatarateaboveinflation.Insomewaysthescientificpublishingmodelresemblestheeconomyofthesocialinternet:labourisprovidedfreeinexchangeforthehopeofstatus,whilehugeprofitsaremadebyafewbigfirmswhorunthemarketplaces.Inbothcases,weneedarebalancingofpower.26.Scientificpublishingisseenas“alicencetoprintmoney"partlybecause________[A]itsfundinghasenjoyedasteadyincrease.[B]itsmarketingstrategyhasbeensuccessful.[C]itspaymentforpeerreviewisreduced.[D]itscontentacquisitioncostsnothing.27.AccordingtoParagraphs2and3,scientificpublishersElsevierhave________[A]thrivedmainlyonuniversitylibraries.[B]gonethroughanexistentialcrisis.[C]revivedthepublishingindustry.[D]financedresearchersgenerously.28.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesuccessofSci-Hub?[A]Relieved.[B]Puzzled.[C]Concerned[D]Encouraged.29.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphs5and6thatopenaccessterms________[A]allowpublisherssomeroomtomakemoney.[B]renderpublishingmucheasierforscientists.[C]reducethecostofpublicationsubstantially.[D]freeuniversitiesfromfinancialburdens.30.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsthescientificpublishingmodel?[A]Trialsubscriptionisoffered.[B]Labourtriumphsoverstatus.[C]Costsarewellcontrolled.D]Thefewfeedonthemany.Text3Progressivesoftensupportdiversitymandatesasapathtoequalityandawaytoleveltheplayingfield.Butalltoooftensuchpoliciesareaninsincereformofvirtue-signalingthatbenefitsonlythemostprivilegedanddoeslittletohelpaveragepeople.ApairofbillssponsoredbyMassachusettsstateSenatorJasonLewisandHouseSpeakerProTemporePatriciaHaddad,toensure"genderparity"onboardsandcommissions,provideacaseinpoint.HaddadandLewisareconcernedthatmorethanhalfthestate-governmentboardsarelessthan40percentfemale.Inordertoensurethatelitewomenhavemoresuchopportunities,theyhaveproposedimposinggovernmentquotas.Ifthebillsbecomelaw,stateboardsandcommissionswillberequiredtosetaside50percentofboardseatsforwomenby2022.ThebillsaresimilartoameasurerecentlyadoptedinCalifomia,whichlastyearbecamethefirststatetorequiregenderquotasforprivatecompanies.Insigningthemeasure,CaliforniaGovernorJerryBrownadmittedthatthelaw,whichexpresslyclassifiespeopleonthebasisofsex,isprobablyunconstitutional.TheUSSupremeCourtfrownsonsex-basedclassificationsunlesstheyaredesignedtoaddressan"important"policyinterest,BecausetheCalifornialawappliestoallboards,evenwherethereisnohistoryofpriordiscrimination,courtsarelikelytorulethatthelawviolatestheconstitutionalguaranteeof"equalprotection".Butaresuchgovernmentmandatesevennecessary?Femaleparticipationoncorporateboardsmaynotcurrentlymirrorthepercentageofwomeninthegeneralpopulation,butsowhat?Thenumberofwomenoncorporateboardshasbeensteadilyincreasingwithoutgovernmentinterference.AccordingtoastudybyCatalyst,between2010and2015theshareofwomenontheboardsofglobalcorporationsincreasedby54percent.Requiringcompaniestomakegendertheprimaryqualificationforboardmembershipwillinevitablyleadtolessexperiencedprivatesectorboards.ThatisexactlywhathappenedwhenNorwayadoptedanationwidecorporategenderquota.WritinginTheNewRepublic,AliceLeenotesthatincreasingthenumberofopportunitiesforboardmembershipwithoutincreasingthepoolofqualifiedwomentoserveonsuchboardshasledtoa“goldenskirt"phenomenon,wherethesameelitewomenscoopupmultipleseatsonavarietyofboards.Nexttimesomebodypushescorporatequotasasawaytopromotegenderequity,rememberthatsuchpoliciesarelargelyself-servingmeasuresthatmaketheirsponsorsfeelgoodbutdolittletohelpaveragewomen.31.TheauthorbelievesthatthebillssponsoredbyLewisandHaddadwills________[A]helplittletoreducegenderbias.[B]poseathreattothestategovernment.[C]raisewomen'spositioninpolitics.[D]greatlybroadencareeroptions.32.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheCaliforniameasure?[A]Ithasirritatedprivatebusinessowners.[B]ItiswelcomedbytheSupremeCourt,[C]ItmaygoagainsttheConstitution.[D]Itwillsettlethepriorcontroversies.33.TheauthormentionsthestudybyCatalysttoillustrate____[A]theharmfromarbitraryboarddecision.[B]theimportanceofconstitutionalguarantees.[C]thepressureonwomeninglobalcorporations.[D]theneedlessnessofgovernmentinterventions.34.Norway'sadoptionofanationwidecorporategenderquotahasledto____[A]theunderestimationofelitewomen'srole.[B]theobjectiontofemaleparticipationonboards.[C]theentryofunqualifiedcandidatesintotheboard.[D]thegrowingtensionbetweenlaborandmanagement.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?[A]Women'sneedinemploymentshouldbeconsidered.[B]Feasibilityshouldbeaprimeconcerninpolicymaking.[C]Everyoneshouldtryhardtopromotesocialjustice.[D]Majorsocialissuesshouldbethefocusoflegislation.Text4LastThursday,theFrenchSenatepassedadigitalservicestax,whichwouldimposeanentirelynewtaxonlargemultinationalsthatprovidedigitalservicestoconsumersorusersinFrance.Digitalservicesincludeeverythingfromprovidingaplatformforsellinggoodsandservicesonlinetotargetingadvertisingbasedonuserdata,andthetaxappliestogrossrevenuefromsuchservces.ManyFrenchpoliticiansandmediaoutletshavereferredtothisasa“GAFAtax,"meaningthatitisdesignedtoapplyprimarilytocompaniessuchasGoogle,Apple,FacebookandAmazon-inotherwords,multinationaltechcompaniesbasedintheUnitedStates.ThedigitalservicestaxnowawaitsthesignatureofPresidentEmmanuelMacron,whohasexpressedsupportforthemeasure,anditcouldgointoeffectwithinthenextfewweeks.Butithasalreadysparkedsignificantcontroversy,withtheUniteSatestraderepresentativeopeninganinvestigationintowhetherthetaxdiscriminatesagainstAmericancompanies,whichinturncouldleadtotradesanctionsagainstFrance.TheFrenchtaxisnotjustaunilateralmovebyonecountryinneedofrevenue.Instead,thedigitalservicestaxispartofamuchlargertrend,withcountriesoverthepastfewyearsproposingorputtinginplaceanalphabetsoupofnewinternationaltaxprovisions.ThesehaveincludedBritain'sDPT(divertedprofitstax),Australia'sMAAL(multinationalantiavoidancelaw),andIndia'sSEP(significanteconomicpresence)test,tonamebutafew.Atthesametime,theEuropeanUnion,Spain,Britainandseveralothercountrieshaveallseriouslycontemplateddigitalservicestaxes.Theseunilateraldevelopmentsdifferintheirspecifics,buttheyarealldesignedtotaxmultinationalsonincomeandrevenuethatcountriesbelievetheyshouldhavearighttotax,evenifinternationaltaxrulesdonotgrantthemthatright.Inotherwords,theyallshareaviewthattheinternationaltaxsystemhasfailedtokeepupwiththecurrenteconomy.Inresponsetothesemanyunilateralmeasures,theOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)iscurrentlyworkingwith131countriestoreachaconsensusbytheendof2020onaninternationalsolution.BothFranceandtheUnitedStatesareinvolvedintheorganization'swork,butFrance'sdigitalservicestaxandtheAmericanresponseraisequestionsaboutwhatthefutureholdsfortheinternationaltaxsystem.France`splannedtaxisaclearwarning:Unlessabroadconsensuscanbereachedonreformingtheinternationaltaxsystem,othernationsarelikelytofollowsuit,andAmericancompanieswillfaceacascadeofdifferenttaxesfromdozensofnationsthatwillproveburdensomeandcostly.36.TheFrenchSenatehaspassedabillto_____[A]regulatedigitalservicesplatforms.[B]protectFrenchcompanies'interests.[C]imposealevyontechmultinationals.[D]curbtheinfluenceofadvertising.37.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatthedigitalservicestax_____[A]maytriggercountermeasuresagainstFrance.[B]isapttoarousecriticismathomeandabroad.[C]aimstoeaseinternationaltradetensions.[D]willpromptthetechgiantstoquitFrance.38.Thecountriesadoptingtheunilateralmeasuressharetheopinionthat_____[A]redistributionoftechgiants'revenuemustbeensured.[B]thecurrentinternationaltaxsystemneedsupgrading.[C]techmultinationals'monopolyshouldbeprevented.[D]allcountriesoughttoenjoyequaltaxingrights.39.ItcanbelearnedfromPara5thattheOECO'scurrentwork_____[A]isbeingresistedbyUScompanies.[B]needstobereadjustedimmediately.[C]isfacedwithuncertainprospects.[D]needstoininvolvemorecountries.40.Whichofthefollowingmightbethe.besttitleforthistext?[A]FranceIsConfrontedwithTradeSanctions[B]FranceleadsthechargeonDigitalTax[C]FranceSays"NO"toTechMultinationals[D]FranceDemandsaRoleintheDigitalEconomyPartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthefistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Eyefixactionsarebrief[B]Toomucheyecontactisinstinctivelyfelttoberude[C]Eyecontactcanbeafriendlysocialsignal[D]Personalitycanaffecthowapersonreactstoeyecontact[E]Biologicalfactorsbehindeyecontactarebeinginvestigated[F]Mostpeoplearenotcomfortableholdingeyecontactwithstrangers[G]Eyecontactcanalsobeaggressive.Inasocialsituation,eyecontactwithanotherpersoncanshowthatyouarepayingattentioninafriendlyway.Butitcanalsobeantagonisticsuchaswhenapoliticalcandidatetumstowardtheircompetitorduringadebateandmakeseyecontactthatsignalshostility.Here'swhathardsciencerevealsabouteyecontact:41.________________Weknowthatatypicalinfantwillinstinctivelygazeintoitsmother'seyes,andshewilllookback.Thismutualgazeisamajorpartoftheattachmentbetweenmotherandchild.Inadulthood,lookingsomeoneelseinapleasantwaycanbeacomplimentarysignofpayingattention.Itcancatchsomeone'sattentioninacrowdedroom,"Eyecontactandsmile"cansignalavailabilityandconfidence,acommon-sensenotionsupportedinstudiesbypsychologistMonicaMoore.42.________NeuroscientistBonnieAugeungfoundthatthehormoneoxytocinincreasedtheamountofeyecontactfrommentowardtheinterviewerduringabriefinterviewwhenthedirectionoftheirgazewasrecorded.Thiswasalsofoundinhigh-functioningmenwithsomeautisticspectrumsymptoms,whomaytendtoavoideyecontact.Specificbrainregionsthatrespondduringdirectgazearebeingexploredbyotherresearches,usingadvancedmethodsofbrainscanning.43.________Withtheuseofeye-trackingtechnology,JuliaMinsonoftheHarvardKennedySchoolofGovernmentconcludedthateyecontactcansignalverydifferentkindsofmessages,dependingonthesituationWhileeyecontactmaybeasignofconnectionortrustinfriendlysituations,it'smorelikelytobeassociatedwithdominanceOFintimidationinadversarialsituations.Whetheryou'reapoliticianoraparent,itmightbehelpfultokeep'inmindthattryingtomaintaineyecontactmaybackfireifyou'retryingtoconvincesomeonewhohasadifferentsetofbeliefsthanyou,"saidMinson.44.________Whenwelookatafaceorapicture,oureyespauseononespotatatime,oftenontheeyesormouth.Thesepausestypicallyoccurataboutthreepersecond,andtheeyesthenjumptoanotherspot,untilseveralimportantpointsintheimageareregisteredlikeaseriesofsnapshots.Howthewholeimageisthenassembledandperceivedisstillamysteryalthoughitisthesubjectofcurrentresearch.45.________Inpeoplewhoscorehighinatestofneuroticism,apersonalitydimensionassociatedwithself-consciousnessandanxiety,eyecontacttriggeredmoreactivityassociatedwithavoidance,accordingtotheFinnishresearcherJariHietanenandcolleagues.Ourfindingsindicatethatpeopledonotonlyfeeldifferentwhentheyarethecentreofattentionbutthattheirbrainreactionsalsodiffer-"Amoredirectfindingisthatpeoplewhoscoredhighfornegativeemotionslikeanxietylookedatothersforshorterperiodsoftimeandreportedmorecomfortablefeelingswhenothersdidnotlookdirectlyatthem.PartCTranslationDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)FollowingtheexplosionofcreativityinFlorenceduringthe14thcenturyknownastheRenaissance,themodernworldsawadeparturefromwhatithadonceknown.ItturnedfromGodandtheauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurchandinsteadfavouredamorehumanisticapproachtobeing.RenaissanceideashadspreadthroughoutEuropewellintothe17thcentury,withtheartsandsciencesflourishingextraordinarilyamongthosewithamorelogicaldisposition.46.With（thegapbetween）thechurch'steachingsandwaysofthinkingbeingeclipsedbytheRenaissance,thegapbetweenthemedievalandmodernperiodshadbeenbridged,leadingtonewandunexploredintellectualterritories.DuringtheRenaissance,thegreatmindsofNicolausCopernicus,JohannesKeplerandGalileoGalileidemonstratedthepowerofscientificstudyanddiscovery.47.Beforeeachoftheirrevelations,manythinkersatthetimehadsustainedmoreancientwaysofthinking,includingthegeocentricviewthattheEarthwasatthecentreofouruniverse.Copernicustheorizedin1543thatinactualfact,alloftheplanetsthatweknewofrevolvednotaroundtheEarth,buttheSun,asystemthatwaslaterupheldbyGalileoathisownexpense.Offeringupsuchatheoryduringatimeofhightensionbetweenscientificandreligiousmindswasbrandedasheresy,andanysuchhereticsthatcontinuedtospreadtheseliesweretobepunishedbyimprisonmentorevendeath.GalileowasexcommunicatedbytheChurchandimprisonedforlifeforhisastronomicalobservationsandhissupportoftheheliocentricprinciple.48.DespiteattemptsbytheChurchtostrong-armthisnewgenerationoflogiciansandrationalists,moreexplanationsforhowtheuniversefunctionedwerebeingmade,andataratethatthepeople-includingtheChurch-couldnolongerignore.Itwaswiththesegreatrevelationsthatanewkindofphilosophyfoundedinreasonwasborn.TheChurch'slong-standingdogmawaslosingthegreatbattlefortruthtorationalistsandscientists.ThisveryfactembodiedthenewwaysofthinkingthatsweptthroughEuropeduringmostofthe17thcentury.49.Asmanytookonthedutyoftryingtointegratereasoningandscientificphilosophiesintotheworld.TheRenaissancewasoveranditwastimeforanewera-theAgeofReason.The17thand18thcenturiesweretimesofradicalchangeandcuriosity.Scientificmethod,reductionismandthequestioningofChurchidealswastobeencouraged,aswereideasofliberty,toleranceandprogress.50.SuchactionstoseekknowledgeandtounderstandwhatinformationwealreadyknewwerecapturedbytheLatinphrase'sapereaude'or'daretoknow',afterImmanuelKantuseditinhisessayAnAnswertotheQuestion:WhatisEnlightenment?Itwasthepurposeandresponsibilityofgreatmindstogoforthandseekoutthetruth,whichtheybelievedtobefoundedinknowledge.SectionIVWritingPartA51.Directions:TheStudentUnionofyouruniversityhasassignedyoutoinformtheinternationalstudentsanupcomingsingingcontest.Writeanoticeinabout100words.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyournameinthenotice.PartB52:Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthepicturebelow.Inyouressay,youshould:1)Describethepicturebriefly;2)Interprettheimpliedmeaning,and3)Giveyourcomments2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）答案及解析SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)今年完形填空的难度较前两年略难，虽然话题不难理解，但不易把握上下文的线索。需要对文章内容有全面和精准的把握才能做好。主要内容讲的是虽然烤肉之类的食品是会对健康带来危害，我们对这些健康方面的危言耸听也不可过度恐慌。属于比较生活的话题。下面我们一起来看一下答案及解析。1.【答案】COn【解析】此处考察介词词义辨析。Onacoldwinter'sday意思是在一个寒冷冬日。介词on后加具体的某一天；in后加一段时间，例如inwinter，in2002；toward表方向，不与时间搭配；till意思是直到，例如tilltomorrow，tillnextweek，与句意不符。故正确答案为on。2.【答案】Amatch【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析。文章的首段首句提到：即使家庭成员不太可能经常坐下来一起吃饭，但数百万英国人将在这个周末参加这个国家最伟大的传统活动之一：星期日烤肉。Onacoldwinter'sday,fewculinarypleasurescan__2__it.在一个寒冷的冬日，很少有什么乐趣与之匹配。match匹配。express表达。satisfy满足，满意；确信；符合。influence影响。3.【答案】Benjoyment【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。上文说到星期日烤肉是一项开心的活动。后文Yet进行语义转折：然而正如现在报道的那样，食品卫生部门认为这种3会导致另一种有罪的快乐4损害我们的健康。enjoyment乐趣与上文pleasures和下文anotherpleasures互为关联信息。patience耐心，耐性。surprise惊喜。concern关心。4.【答案】Dguaranteed【解析】此处考察非谓语动词做后置定语的用法。空格所在句指出：这种快乐会导致另一种有罪的快乐4损害我们的健康。guaranteed有保证的，一定的，填入空格处意为：这种快乐会导致另一种有罪的快乐，肯定会损害我们的健康。intensified增强，加剧；privileged享有特权，专用，特许；compelled强迫。5.【答案】Aissued【解析】此处考察词义辨析。TheFoodStandardsAuthority(FSA)has__5__apublicwarning...食品标准管理局一项公开的警告...issued发表，发布，发出；received接收，接到；ignored忽视，忽略；canceled取消。issuedapublicwarning发出一项公开的警告符合文意。6.【答案】Bat【解析】此处考察介词辨析。insomefoodscooked__6__hightemperatures.under在...下面；for为了；因为；对于；by在…旁边;通过;由于;经过。7.【答案】Davoid【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。7空句首thismean代词this指代上文高温炙烤的食物里会有化学复合物有害人体身体健康。所以下文提出建议人们应该7炸土豆，不吃薄皮披萨并且...7空同时也与reject构成语义并列的关系，故avoid正确。forget忘记；regret 后悔；finish完成。8.【答案】