能源与动力工程专业英语词汇

专业名称动力工程及工程热物理：PowerEngineeringandEngineeringThermophysics工程热物理:ThermalPhysicsofEngineering•动力工程:PowerEngineering;DynamicEngineering热能工程:ThermalEngineering（ThermalEnergyEngineering制冷与低温工程:RefrigerationandCryogenic[（kraia'd3EniklEngineering流体机械及工程:FluidMechanicsandEngineering热能动力工程:ThermalEnergyandDynamicEngineering能源与动力工程学院:SchoolofEnergyandPowerEngineering热力学thermodynamics.adiabaticprocess[,asdio'baetik]绝热过程.aerodynamics[ieroodai'naemiks]空气动力学，空气动力学专家,n,adj空气动力学的.buoyancy['boionsi,'bujon-]浮升力.compressibility压缩性.gasdynamics气体动力学.hydraulics[hai'dn）liks]水力学.hydrostatics],haidrg'slaeliks]流体静力学.opensystem开口系统.reversibleprocess]。'v/snbol]可逆过程.thermodynamicsequilibrium],ikwg'hbriom]热力平彳野.viscous['viskos]粘性的.inviscid[m'visid]无粘性的.thermodynamics、thermodynamicproperty热力学、热力性质.entropy['entropi悯.enthalpy[en*03elpi]^intemalenergy内能.potentialenergy势能.kineticenergy动能.work功.mechanical/shaftwork机械功/轴功.flowwork流动功.specificvolume比容24.cycle循环25.Saturatedtemperature/pressure/liquid/vapor「sae仔sreitid]饱和温度/压力/液体/蒸汽26.subcooledliquid过冷液体27.quality（蒸汽干度28.drysaturatedvapor干饱和蒸汽29.superheatedvapor过热蒸汽.thefirst/secondlawofthermodynamics热力学第一/二定律.thelawoftheconservationofenergy能量守恒定律.reversible/irreversibleprocess可逆/不可逆过程.pressuredrop压降.heatexchanger热交换器.entropyproduction嫡产[Wntrpi].coefficientofperformance性能系数.refrigeratingcapacity/effect制冷量.Carnotcycle卡诺循环/nit/.refrigeratingefficiency制冷效率.equationofstate状态方程41.idealgasconstant理想气体常数42.isotherm等温线43.triplepoint三相点45.cryogenic低温学[,krai'd^enik]least-squarefitting最小二乘法specificheat/specificheatcapacity比热/比热容.azeotropicmixture共沸混合物zi:'tropik].zeotropicmixture非共沸混合物.dewpoint（temperature露点（温度[dju:point][dupoint].isentropiccompression/process等嫡压缩/过程[aisenlropik].condenser冷凝器.evaporalor蒸发器.expansionvalve膨胀阀.throttlingvalve节流阀.compressor压缩机.compressordisplacement压缩机排气量.volumetricefficiency容积效率59.single-stage/two-stage/double-stage/compoundcompression单/双级压缩60.intercool/intercooler中间冷却（器61.intermediatepressure中间压力62.pressureratio压力比insulatingmate®温材料流体力学.流体力学fluidmechanics.动力粘度absolute/dynamicviscosity.速度梯度velocitygradient英［gredint凑［gredint］.运动粘度kinematicviscosity英［kn'mtk］美［kn'mtk］英［vskst］美［vskasti］5|白努力方程BernouHiEquation英［bnu:liikwein］.体积流量volumetricflowrate.质量流量massflowrate.层流laminarflow.紊流turbulence/turbulentflow.雷诺数Reynoldsnumber.摩擦力friction/frictionalforce.摩擦系数coefficientoffriction.微分方程differentialequation.阻力dragfor豉resistance.阻力系数dragcoefficient传热学.热传递heattransfer.热传导thermalconduction.热对流thermalconvection.热辐射thermalradiation.层流底层laminarsublayer.过渡层bufferlayer,缓冲区或人，bufferdinner自助餐buffet英[bAfitl.强迫对流forcedconvection.自然/自由对流natural/freeconvection.稳态导热steady-stateconduction.导热系数thermalconductivity.热阻thermalresistance.（总传热系数（overallheattransfercoefficient.表面积surfacearea.串联series系列.并联parallel英「p&rolel]并行,Parallelcomputing并行计算.接触热阻contactthermalresistance.（对数平均温差（logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference[.loga^idmik].顺流parallelflow.逆流counterflow.相变phasechange.冷库coldstorage热库thermalreservoir/heatbath.边界条件boundarycondition.黑体辐射blackbodyradiation.辐射力emissivepower.维恩位移定律Wien9sdisplacementLaw26.半球发射率hemisphericalemittance[.hemi'sfenkl].吸收率absorptance英[nb'so:ptnns]28.透射率transmittancetnens，mims]n.播送；发射；传动；透明度；29.反射率reflectance.漫射辐射diffuseradiation.（充分发展的层流/紊流fullydevelopedlaminar/turbulentflow湿空气.湿空气学psychrometries.干空气dryair.湿空气moistair.大气压barometricpressure.热力学温标thermodynamictemperaturescale.含湿量humidityratio.比熔specificenthalpy英［en*0aelpi］.比烯specificentropy英［entrpi］.绝对湿度absolutehumidity.饱和含湿量saturationhumidityratio英［s赳freijh］英［reipu］.相对湿度relativehumidity.热力学湿球温度thermodynamicwet-bulbtemperature.分压力partialpressure.总压totalpressure.通用气体常数universalgasconstant16.湿球/干球温度dry-bulb/wet-bulbtemperature17.蛤湿图psychrometricchart制冷空调集中/分散供冷central/decentralizedcooling英［difsentrlaizd］锅炉boiler往复/螺杆/离心/涡旋式压缩机/冷水机组reciprocating/helicakotary（或screw/centrifugal/scrollcompressor/waterchillerunit吸收式制冷/冷水机组absorptionrefrigeration/waterchillerunit热回收heatreclaim/recovery冷却塔coolingtower空气/水冷却冷凝器air-cooled/water-cooledcondenser蒸发式冷凝器ev叩orativecondenser净正吸入压力/压头netpositivesuctionpressure/head.供/回干管mainsupply/returnline.二/三通阀two/three-wayvalve.平衡阀balancingvalve.一次/二次冷冻水系统primary/secondarychilledwatersystem.备用泵sparepump.疏水器、存水弯、水封trap.水/冰蓄冷water/icethermalstorage.空气/水/地源热泵air/water/groundsourceheatpump.定/变风量constant/variableairvolume.经济器economizer.静/动压static/dynamicpressure.毛细管capillarytube英[k'pilri].全封闭压缩机hermeticallysealed/hermeticcompressor英[h3：'metik].半封闭式压缩机semi-hermetic/semi-hermeticallysealedcompressor.直接膨胀directexpansion.离心/轴流式风机centrifugal/axialfan英Oksi1].立管riser英['raiz].内/外平衡式热力膨胀阀internally/externallyequalizedthermostaticexpansionvalve.吸/排气管suction/dischargeline.电磁阀solenoidvalve美「solmid].恒压阀constantpressurevalve.迎风面积/速度facearea/velocity.（一拖多分体式空调器airconditioner.水环热泵waterloopheatpump.能效比energyefficiencyratio.变容压缩/压缩机positivedisplacementcompression/compressor.速度/动压式压缩/压缩机velocity/dynamiccompression/compressor.流量系数flowcoefficient.水锤waterhammer.闸阀gatevalve.球阀ballvalve.蝶阀butterflyvalve.平衡阀balancingvalve.安全阀safety/reliefvalven.救济;减轻,解除;安慰;浮雕.止回阀check/backflowpreventionvalveboiler锅炉.airheater空气预热器.auxiliary辅助的，辅机［o:g'ziliri］.baretube光管.blast［英］［bla:st］鼓风.blowdown排污.capacity［英］［k'paesti］出力.cogenerator热电联产机组.compressor压缩机.combustion燃烧.condenser凝汽器.counterflow逆流.criticalpressure临界压力.dieseloil柴油gasoline,gaslene,gas,petro（英，汽油©drainage疏水、排水设备，排水系统.drum汽包.economizer［^］［i:*kDnmaiz］省煤器.excessair［英］［ik'ses］过量空气.extendedsurface扩展受热面19fn鳍片、肋片、散热片、翅片.fluegas烟气.fluid（-bed流化床（fluidizedbed［英］［'flu:idaizd.furnace炉膛.fouling污垢，击球出界（羽毛球［英］「faul皿.generator发电机.header联箱、集箱，集管.hopper［英］［hop（r］斗、料斗.mil1磨煤机（pulverizer［英］「pAlvraiz］.motor汽车、马达、电动机.platen屏、管屏［美］［'plaetn］.Prandtlnumbers普朗特数.pressureloss压力损失.regenerator回热器，蓄热器,再生器［英北n'd3en,reit］.Reynoldsnumbers雷诺数34.slag结渣美［slaeg］35.sootblower吹灰器美[su:tbTur]steamlineblowing蒸汽管路吹洗superheater过热器.turbine汽轮机.suction真空，负压steamturbine蒸汽轮机.gasturbine燃气轮机.backpressure背压.blower送风机、吹灰器.boundarylayer边界层.chimney英[\fimni]烟囱、烟道、烟筒.coolinglower冷却水塔.coupling连接，连接法兰，耦合.criticalspeed临界转速.cylinder圆筒、汽缸.head汽包封头、扬程、水头impeHer叶轮、推进器、压缩器.largeturbine-generatorunit大型汽轮发电机组.non-destructivetesting(NDT无损检验.digital-controlledmachine数控机床.fixedblade固定叶片，导向叶片.operationalspeed运行转速.outingcasing夕卜缸nnercasing内缸58.rigidcoupling刚性连轴器solidcoupling59.rotor转子6O.stressconcentration应力集中.two-shiftoperation两班制运行.wake尾流ThermalPowerPlant:热电厂.automaticcontrolsystem:自动控制系统.boilerfeedpump:锅炉给水泵feedpump:给7K泵.chamber:燃烧室/ei/.circulatingwater:循环水.checkvalve:止回阀，逆止阀.non-returnvalve:逆止阀，止回阀.controllingvalve:控制阀，调节阀.coolingwater(CW:冷却水.cycleefficiency:循环效率.dataprocessingsystem:数据处理系统1l.de-aerator［英］『eireit］除氧器.de-aeratortank:除氧水箱.desuperheater:减温器.desuperheaterspraywater:喷水减温.drainpump:疏水泵.full・load:满负荷.governingsystem:调速系统（governing:调节，调整.heat-transfercoefficient:换热系数.isolatingvalve:隔离阀20.1oadrejection:甩（抛负荷.mainsteam:主汽.motorizedisolatingvalve:电动隔离阀23.lubricatingoil:润滑油24.nuclearplant:核电厂25.orifice:［orifis］?L,口，孔板.pipework:管路.powerstation:电厂.pressurereducingvalve:减压装置.reliability:安全性，可靠性.reliefvalve:安全阀.runningspeed:运行转速.sealing:密封，封闭，焊封.self-sealing:§密封的34.stainlesssteel:不锈钢35.stopvalve:断流阀，截止阀36.strainer:滤盆，滤器，滤网，拉紧装置37.supercriticalplant:超临界机组38.synchronizer:英］「snjkrnaiz］同步器，同步机，同步装置.throttle:节流阀［美］/'。皿山喉咙,气管,vt.&vi.扼杀，压制;勒死，使窒息;使节流.turbine-generatorunit:汽轮发电机组.ultra-supercritical:超超临界英］［Altr］［美］「Altr］.vacuum:真空.vent:通道,通风口.actuator:/aiktjueite/执行机构.brake:闸,制动器.damper:［美］「daempr］挡板，调节风门.distributedcontrolsystem(DCS分散控制系统.dislurbance:干扰，扰动.feedbackcontrol:反馈控制.forceddraught(FDfan:送风机［英］dra:ft/.furnacepurge:炉膛吹扫.governorvalve:调节阀induceddraught(IDfan:弓|风机.make-uppump:补水泵.overheating:过热，超温56.preamp:前置放大器/'priasmp/57.primaryairfan:一次风机58.sensor:传感器59.shutdown:停机，停炉，停运，关机关闭;倒闭，停工，停业，停播。60.slowdown:减速61.startup:启动.transfbrmer:/tr£ens'fo:m(r/变压器.trip:跳闸，旅行，出行，使犯错误，绊倒.hotstart:热态启动.warmstarl:暖态启动，半热态启动inadvertenttrip:误动作［美］［jnd'v:tn:t］adj不经意的,出于无心的;疏忽的，漫不经心的;粗心大意；intemalcombustionengine:内燃机.alternator:交流发电机.bearing:轴承;bear忍受.compressionratio:压缩比，压缩率.dieselengine:柴油机.piston:活塞.reactionengine:喷气式发动机.reciprocatingengine:/n,sipr,keitiq］往复式发动机，往复的，来回的,交替的.sparkplug:火花塞.stroke:冲程，行程.vibrate:振动，摇摆［美］］vai,bret/.commissioning:［k'mijnq］试车,试运行，启动.grid:电网.megawatt:［megwa:t］兆瓦特.airconditioning:空调.absorbent:吸收剂，能吸收的，.absorptionrefrigeration:吸收式制冷.ambient:周围的.centrifugalcompressor/sentrifjugaol］/:离心式压缩机.reciprocatingcompressor彳主复式压缩机.rotarycompressor:/roteri/涡旋式压缩机.screwcompressor:螺杆式压缩机.condenser:冷凝器.coolingcoil:［英］［koil］冷去［］盘管heatingcoil:力口热盘管.evaporator:蒸发器.expansionvalve:膨胀阀93fIter:［英］［filt⑴过滤器.HVAC(heating,ventilationandairconditioning:英［ventile炉n］供热，通风与空调.hotwaterboiler:热水锅炉.humidity:湿度，潮湿，湿气.induceddraft:弓|风.moisture:潮湿，湿气.naturalconvection:自然对流.returnduct:回风管道.returnoutlet:回风风口.reversingvalve:换向阀.supplyduct:送风管道.supplyoutlet:送风风口l()5.ventilation:通风英LventTle®］l()6.fuelcell:燃料电池l()7.geothermal:/ji(:outhermal］/地热1()8.intensity:强度.renewableenergy:可再生能源1lO.solarpower:太阳能111.tidalenergy:潮汐能［美］/'taidl/112.velocity:速度113.windmill:风车114.1imestone:/laimslone/石灰石115.dessication:/e/干燥116.scrubber:洗涤塔117.sorbent:吸附剂1stlaxial「史ksi1］轴向的2blade［bleid］叶片3case/casing［keis］壳体4centrifugal［sen'triQug1］离心的5chamber［4t|eimb］室6diffuser［di4fju：z］扩压器7discharge[dis，®:d3]流量;排出，卸货8draft[dra:用吸出，通风9generator［4d3enreit］发电机水(力的lOhydraulic/hydrofhai'dro:1ik］llimpelle巾m，pel］叶轮,推进器12machinery［mJi:nri］机械13mixed-flow混流的顺流14parallelflow/concurrentflow逆流15counterflow/reverseflow16crossflow(cross-flow交叉流17passage「psesid3］流道18pressure［€pref］压力19pump［pAmp］泵20runner［4rAn］转轮，叶轮，流道，赛跑者21rotor［€rut］转子22shaft［「a:fU传动轴23spiral［4spair1］螺旋形的24stator［4steit］定子25suction［lSAkfn］吸入（出26turbine「t:bain］水轮机，透平，涡轮机27tubular「Uu:bjul］管状的28vane［vein］叶片29volute［v€lju:t］螺旋形，涡形的，蜗壳30wheel［hwi:l］水轮31wicket］'w汰it］导叶;小闸门32Axial/mixed-flow/centrifugal/volutepump轴流/混流/离心/旋流泵33Kaplan/Francis/bulb/tubular/Peltonturbine轴流（转桨式，卡普兰/混流/灯泡/贯流/水斗（冲击式水轮机34Hydraulicmachinery/pump/turbine水力机械/水泵/水轮机35Pumpturbine水泵水轮机36Spiral/volutecasing蜗壳37Volute/runnerchamber蜗壳室/转轮室38Drafttube/bend/cone/elbow尾水管/弯管/泄水锥/肘管39elbow肘/弯头/弯管40draftfan引风机cone圆锥，锥41Diffuservane扩压叶片42Diffusingpassage扩压流道43Stayvane固定导叶44Wicketgate活动导叶45Pressure/suctionside压力/吸力侧46Suctioneye吸入孑L47Suctionheight吸出高度48Volutesuction涡形吸入室49Volutethroal蜗壳喉部50Volutetongue蜗壳隔舌2nd1Cascade[kaes*keid]叶栅2Lift/resistance[ri*zistns]force升力/阻力3Pitch(wise节距(方向的4Span(wise翼展(方向的5Stream(wise流线(方向的6Chord[lo:d]弦，弦长7Chordlength弦长8Chord-spacingratio叶栅稠密度9Velocitytriangle速度三角形10Absolute/relativevelocity绝对/相对速度IPeripheraHpoYiforol]/Circumferential[so^mfaYenjol]velocity圆周速度peripheral,外围的，次要的；Circumferential:圆周的12Tangential[taen'd3enJbll/axial/radialvelocity切向/轴向/径向速度[英]「reidiol]13Velocitycirculation速度环量14Meridional[m^ridionoljchannel子午（轴面流道15Meridionalvelocily子午（轴面速度16Angularvelocity['aeijgjub]角速度17Revolutionspeed]jevo'lujon]转速18Specificspeed[spi'sifik]比转速19Bladeangle叶片安放角20Flowangle水流角21Incidence/attackangle入射角/攻角22Tipclearance叶片外缘间隙，外径间隙，齿顶间隙23Inlet/outletedge进出口边3rd&4thHead水头2Cavitation空化，空穴，气蚀3Cavitationerosion/damage空蚀英Lk&vi'teybni'rou;pn]4Sanderosion泥沙磨损5Eddy/vortex涡英「edi]/「vo:teks]6Vortexcore涡带7Opening开度8No/over/partialload空载/过载/部分载荷9Hydraulicthrust水推力lOPressurepulsation[pAl'seiJh]压力脉动脉搏，悸动，脉动ITorque/moment转矩/力矩瞬间,时刻；英止:k]重要,紧要;[物]力矩12Viscosity粘度美[vi'skasiti]13Dynamic动力学（的14Kinematic运动学（的[,kini'maet汰]15Vibration振动16Transient［4traensint］瞬态的17Resonance［4reznns］共振18Amplitude［岳mphlju:d］幅值英19Frequency频率20Waterhammer水锤21Power/output功率/出力22Operatingcondition工况23Runaway飞逸逃走的，逃亡的；私奔的;失去控制的24Characteristic特性25Performance性能26Rated定价的，额定的英［Yeitid］27Inertia［iun:Ji］惯性28Penstock英「penstnk］压力钢管、水阀门、水渠6th1Continuousmedium连续介质2Body/Surfaceforce体积力/表面力3Compressible［km'presbl］可压缩的4Capillarity［,ksepi'kerti］毛细（管现象5Surfacetension表面张力6Fluiddynamics/kinematics流体动力学/运动学7Aerodynamics[,8rudai'nae空气动力学miks]8Statics英「staetiks]静力学Conservationofmass质量守恒[,konsfve(fn]lOEuler/Lagrangefl'greid3]欧拉/拉格朗日11Streamline/surface/tube流线/流面/流管12Palhline迹线13Steady/Unsteady定常/非定常14Integral/Differential积分/微分[,difTenJ1]15Material随体导数derivative[di4rivtiv]16Divergence[dai*v ns]散度convergence收敛17Curl旋度，卷曲18Bemoulliequation[b:'nu:li]伯努利方程19Irrotationalflow无旋流[，什WteiJn1]20Potentialflowfpu'enj1]有势流21Velocitypotential速度势22Streamfunction流函数23Complexpotential复势['kompleks]24Vorticity[v3：'tisti]涡量25Vortexdynamics涡动力学26Singlephaseflow单相流27Axisymmetric轴对称流flow[,eeksisi4metrik]28Constitutive['k9nstitju:tiv]本构方程equation29Tensor英「tens(H张量3()Strainrate应变率31Normalstress正应力32Shearstress剪切应力33Newtonian[nju:'tunin]牛顿流体fluid34Themiodynamics[,0:mudai热力学'naemiks]35Definitecondition定解条件36Initialcondition初始条件37Boundarycondition边界条件38Adhesioncondition粘附条件[英]dhi：3n]39Noslipcondition无滑移条件40Rotation有旋性41Dissipation[disi^eijn]耗散性42Diffusivity[,difju:sivti]扩散性43Similaritylaw相似律44Geometricsimilarity几何相似45Mechanicalsimilitude力学相似Mechanicssimilarity46Dimensionless/Non-dimensi无量纲onal47Reynolds[*renldz]number雷诺数48Froude[fru:dlnumber弗劳德数49Strouhal[struhael]number斯特劳哈尔数50Euler/Machnumber欧拉数/马赫数51Modeltest模型试验52Turbulence[,t:bjulns]湍流53Laminar「laemin]层流54Statistical[st'tistik1]统计理论theory55Ensemble[er)4s3r)bl]集合平均average56Turbulentkinetic[kifnetik]湍动能energy57Producingrate生成率58Dissipationrate耗散率59Turbulivity[t:bju'liviti]湍流度60Reynoldsstress雷诺应力61Transportequation输运方程62Isotropy[ai'sotrpi]各向同性63Energyspectrum「spektnm]能谱64Turbulentclosedmode湍流封闭模式65Wallfunction壁面函数66Eddyviscositymodel涡粘模型67Coherent[kou'hioront]拟序（相干结构structure68Boundarylayer边界层69Adversepressuregradient逆压梯度/反压力梯度70Viscousfriction[英][viskos,frikjsn]粘性摩阻71Reverseflow回流72Perfectgas理想气体idealgas73Stateequation状态方程74Density/Temperature密度/温度75Gasconstant/konstnnt]气体常数76Heatconduction[konyAkJbn]热传导77Specificheatcapacity/ratio比热容/比热比78Internalenergy内能79Enthalpy[en40aslpi]^80Entropy[€entrpi]嫡81Adiabatic[,aedi'bastik]绝热的82Isentropy[4isentrpi]等嫡83Acoustic[€ku:stik]velocity声速84Subsonic/Transonic/Supersonic/Hypersonic压/跨/超/高超音速85Stagnation[st«g4neijh]滞止86Criticalparameter临界参数87Velocitycoefficientf,kuffijntl速度系数88Shockwave激波89Compressionwave压缩波90Anemometry[，史ni'momilri]测速法91Visco(simetry[vis，komitri]粘度测定法92Flowvisualization[,vizjulai'zeifn]流动显示930ilsmoke/filmvisualization油烟/油膜显示940rifice[,orifis]meter孔板流量计95Wind/watertunnel风/水洞96Shocktube激波管97Towing[*tuir)]tank拖拽水池98Rotatingarmbasin[*beisn]旋臂水池99Pressuretap英[taep]测压孔1()()Manometer[m'nomit]压力计101Anemometer],seni'momit]流速计102Velocimetry[,ve,lsimitri]速度测量学103LaserDopplerf'dopl]Velocimetry多普勒激光测速法104ParticleImageVelocimetry粒子图像测速法105Flowmeter流量计106Vorticitymeter涡量计107Sensor/transducer传感器[traenz^djurs]108Continuity[,konti4nju:iti]连续性方程equation109Momentum/energyequation动量/能量方程[英][m'mentm]110Nonlinear[non4lini]非线性111Partialdifferentialequation偏微分方程112Convectiondiffusion对流扩散方程equation113DirectNumericalSimulation直接数值模拟114Finitedifferencemethod有限差分法115Finitevolumemethod有限体积法116Finiteelementmethod有限元法117Conservationform守恒形式118Grid/meshgeneration网格生成119(UnStructuredgrid(非结构化网格12()Gridindependence网格无关性121Differencescheme差分格式122Secondorderaccuracy二阶精度123Elliptic[i4liptik]equation椭圆型方程124Parabolic[,paer4bolik]equation抛物型方程125Hyperbolic[,haip'bolik]equation双曲型方程Consistency[kn'sistnsi]condition相容条件127Implicit[im4plisit]scheme隐式格式Explicit[ik'splisit]scheme129Residual[ri，zidjugl]残差130Parallelf'paerolel]computing并行计算131Cluster「klASto]机群Pre/postprocessNormalMaihematicalSymbolsandReadings1/2 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