大学高级英语(1)修辞格

修辞格汇总2022-4-27PAGEPAGE3一、词语修辞格simile明喻① Telephonepolesand20-inch-thickpinescrackedlikegunsasthewindssnappedthem.② …,andblowndownpowerlinescoiledlikeblackspaghettiovertheroads③ Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.④ ...amemorythatseemedphonographic⑤ MostAmericanrememberMarkTwainasthefatherof...⑥ oneblinkedbeforethemasoneblinksbeforeamanwithhisfaceshotaway.⑦ acrazylittlechurchjustwestofJeannette,setlikeadormer-windowonthesideofabareleproushill;…⑧ …asteelstadiumlikeahugerattrapsomewherefurtherdowntheline.⑨ Youlookliketheyoungramatthetimeofbutting.⑩ “Gettingtheconstructiongoingwaslikeconductinganorchestra,”Mortensonsays.⑪ GonewasthefiercefervorofthedayswhenBryanhadsweptthepoliticalarenalikeaprairiefire.⑫ TheoratorialstormthatClarenceDarrowandDudleyFieldMaloneblewupinthelittlecourtDaytonsweptlikeafreshwindthroughtheschoolsandlegislativeofficesoftheUnitedStates,metaphor暗喻① thelastthisintermezzocametoanend…② …ontheirlowsidestheyburythemselvesswinishlyinthemud.③ MarkTwain MirrorofAmerica④ sawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight...⑤ mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart⑥ Allwouldresurfaceinhisbooks...thathesoakedup...⑦ Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemand...⑧ ...theepidemicofgoldandsilverfever...⑨ Twainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfame...⑩ MarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwritingmuscles...⑪ TheDuchessofCroydonkeptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind.⑫ Hervoicewasawhiplash.⑬ Wecanbattendownandrideitout⑭ Windandrainnowwhippedthehouse.⑮ ItisthatofaPresbyteriangrinning.⑯ Thecrowdseemedtofeelthattheirchampionhadnotscorchedtheinfidelswiththehotbreathhisoratoryasheshouldhave.⑰ accusedBryanofcallingforadueltothedeathbetweenscienceandreligion.⑱ ThenthecourtbrokeintoastormofapplausethatsurpassedthatforBryan.⑲ HerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica,thecenterofitsmostlucrativeandcharacteristicactivity,…⑳ Andoneandalltheyarestreakedingrime,withdeadandeczematouspatchesofpaintpeepingthroughthestreaks.Whenithastakenonthepatinaofthemillsitisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.andabubbleofhappinessroseupsoforcefullythathecouldn’tkeepittohimself.

Agrinsmoldered,thenignitedatthecenterofhisthickbeard.Theairhadthefresh-scrubbedclaritythatonlycomeswithaltitude.BeyondKorpheK2,theicepeaksoftheinnerKarakoramknifedrelentlesslyintoadefenselesssky.（（3）metonymy借代，转喻...hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickaxesynecdoche提喻Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead...personification拟人① Thehurricanetorethreelargecargoshipsfromtheirmooringsandbeachedthem.② Amomentlater,thehurricane,inonemightyswipe,liftedtheentireroofoffthehouseandskimmedit40feetthroughtheair.③ …itseizeda600,000-gallonGulfportoiltankanddumpedit3.5milesaway.④ Americalaughedwithhim.⑤ ...toliterature'senduringgratitude...⑥ Thegraveworldsmilesasusual...⑦ Bitternessfedontheman...⑧ Americalaughedwithhim.⑨ Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife.⑩ BeyondKorpheK2,theicepeaksoftheinnerKarakoramknifedrelentlesslyintoadefenselesssky.transferredepithet移就① Apartmentsthereheldahurricanepartytowatchthestormfromtheirspectacularvantagepoint.② Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulder.③ Theobesebodyshookinanappreciativechuckle.④ Duringhisvisitshehadkeptrespectfuldistancefromthemosque,andKorphe’sreligiousleader.hyperbole夸张① WhatIalludetoistheunbrokenandagonizingugliness,thesheerrevoltingmonstrousness,ofeveryhouseinsight.② HerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica,…,theboastandprideof therichestandnationeverseenonearth③ Herewaswealthbeyondcomputation,almostbeyondimagination.④ …sotheyhavethemostloathsometownsandvillageseverseenbymortaleye.⑤ ...cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand...endlesssummeroffreedom...⑥ Thecastofcharacters...-acosmos.⑦ Thetrialthatrockedtheworld⑧ HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld.oxymoron矛盾修饰法DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,"victoriousdefeat."euphemism委婉语① …amotleybandofConfederateguerrillaswhodiligentlyavoidedcontactwiththeenemy.② ...men'sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggleirony反语① Hiroshima—the“liveliest”cityinJapan② Iawardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.③ Whenithastakenonthepatinaofthemillsitisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.④ Itisasifsometitanicandaberrantgenius,uncompromisinglyinimicaltoman,haddevotedallingenuityofHelltothemakingofthem.(hyperbole)⑤ Itisincrediblethatmereignoranceshouldhaveachievedsuchmasterpiecesofhorror.⑥ …untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcenturysarcasm讽刺，挖苦①Obviously,iftheywerearchitectsofanyprofessionalsenseordignityintheregion,theywouldhaveperfectedachalettohugthehillsides—achaletwithahigh-pitchedroof,tothrowofftheheavywintersnows,butstillessentiallyalowandclingingbuilding,widerthanitwastall.②Myfriendtheattorney-generalsaysthatJohnScopesknowswhatheisherefor,"Darrowdrawled."Iknowwhatheisherefor,too.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotry(顽固)are,anditisamightystrongcombination.③Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.④Theylikeitasitis:besideit,theParthenonwouldnodoubtoffendthem.ridiculeWordsoractionsintendedtoevokecontemptuouslaughteratorfeelingstowardapersonorthing愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事① Afterpainfullydesigninganderectingit,theymadeitperfectintheirownsightbyputtingacompletelyimpossiblepenthousepaintedastaringyellow,ontopofit.② Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassisted...③ Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.④ Bryanmoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.pun双关①DARWINISRIGHT–INSIDE.allusion典故IimaginedthestoriesofordinaryblackpeoplemergingwiththestoriesofDavidandGoliath,MosesandPharaoh,theChristiansinthelion'sden,Ezekiel'sfieldofdrybones.Litotes语轻意重法间接肯定法)Thecountryitselfisnotuncomely,despitethegrimeoftheendlessmills.二、结构修辞格parallelism排比① IchosetorunforthepresidencyatthismomentinhistorybecauseIbelievedeeplythatwecannotsolvethechallengesofourtimeunlesswesolvethemtogether-unlessweperfectourunionbyunderstandingthatwemayhavedifferentstories,butweholdcommonhopes;...② DidIknowhimtobeanoccasionallyfiercecriticofAmericandomesticandforeignpolicy?Ofcourse.DidIeverhearhimmakeremarksthatcouldbeconsideredcontroversialwhileIsatinchurch?Yes.DidIstronglydisagreewithmanyofhispoliticalviews?Absolutely.③ ThemanImetmorethantwentyyearsagoisamanwhohelpedintroducemetomyChristianfaith,

amanwhospoketomeaboutourobligationstoloveoneanother;tocareforthesickandliftupthepoor.HeisamanwhoservedhiscountryasaU.S.Marine;whohasstudiedandlecturedatsomeofthefinestuniversitiesandseminariesinthecountry,andwhoforoverthirtyyearsledachurchthatservesthecommunitybydoingGod'sworkhereonEarth-byhousingthehomeless,ministeringtotheneedy,providingdaycareservicesandscholarshipsandprisonministries,and reachingouttothosesufferingfromHIV/AIDS.④Likeotherpredominantlyblackchurchesacrossthecountry,Trinityembodiestheblackcommunityinitsentirety-thedoctorandthewelfaremom,themodelstudentandtheformergang-banger.Likeotherblackchurches,Trinity'sservicesarefullofraucouslaughterandsometimesbawdyhumor.anticlimax反高潮“Seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,atownknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters”.antithesis对比① OncertainlevelsoftheAmericanrace,indeed,thereseemstobeapositivelibidofortheugly,asotherandlessChristianlevelsthereisalibidoforthebeautiful.② TheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow③ ...betweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare.④ ...aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever⑤ Therockslookedmorelikeanancientruinthanthebuildingblocksofanewschool.⑥ Longafterallthoseramsaredeadandeatenthisschoolwillstillstand.⑦ ...thatwemayhavedifferentstories,butweholdcommonhopes;thatwemaynotlooktheandwemaynothavecomefromthesameplace,butweallwanttomoveinthesamedirection...⑧ I'vegonetosomeofthebestschoolsinAmericaandlivedinoneoftheworld'spoorestnations.⑨ Thechurchcontainsinfullthekindnessandcruelty,thefierceinte