英语语言学树型图详细讲解

英语语言学树型图详细讲解英语语言学树型图详细讲解英语语言学树型图详细讲解资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月英语语言学树型图详细讲解版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：树形图详细讲解1.Indicatethecategoryofeachwordinthefollowingsentences.a)Theoldladysuddenlyleft.DetANQualVb)Thecarstoppedattheendoftheroad.DetNVPDetNPDetNc)Thesnowmighthaveblockedtheroad.DetNAuxAuxVDetNd)Heneverappearsquitemature.NQualVDegA2.Thefollowingphrasesincludeahead,acomplement,andaspecifier.Drawtheappropriatetreestructureforeach.a)fullofpeopleAPAPNfullofpeopleb)astoryaboutasentimentalgirlNPNPPPDetNPNPDetANastoryaboutasentimentalgirlc)oftenreaddetectivestoriesVPQualVNPANoftenreaddetectivestories

d)theargumentagainsttheproposalsNPNPPPDetNPNPDetNtheargumentagainsttheproposalse)movetowardsthewindowVPVPPPDetNmovetowardsthewindow3.Drawphrasestructuretreesforeachofthefollowingsentences.a)Thejetlanded.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetNPstVThejetlandedb)Marybecameveryill.InflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVAPDegAMarybecameveryill

c)Whatwillyoutalkabout?

CPNPCSNInflNPInflVPVPNPVPNWhatwillyouetalkabouted)Theapplemighthittheman.SNPVPDetNAuxVNPDetNTheapplemighthitthemanORInflP(=S)NPInflVPDetNVNPDetNTheapplemighthittheman

e)Heoftenreadsdetectivestories.SNPVPNQualVNPANHeoftenreadsetectivestoriesORInflP(=S)NPInflVPPresNQualVNPANHeoftenreadsetectivestories4.Thefollowingsentencescontainmodifiersofvarioustypes.Foreachsentence,firstidentifythemodifier(s),thendrawthetreestructures.a)Afrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplane.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVNPDetANAfrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplane

b)Ahugemoonhungintheblacksky.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVPPPNPDetANAhugemoonhungintheblackskyc)Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeeting.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVPPPNPDetNAnunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeetingd)Aquaintoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPPstVPPANPNPDetANAquaintoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill5.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainconjoinedcategories.Drawatreestructureforeachofthesentences.

a)Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.InflP(=S)NPVPNAuxVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsORInflP(=S)NPVPNInflVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsb)Helenputonherclothesandwentout.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentout

ORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutc)Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPresVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatistics

d)Thedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancamein.SSCONSNPVPNPVPDetNVAdvDetANVAdvThedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancameine)Crusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt.SNPVPCPNVCSSCONSNPVPNPVPNAuxVDetNAuxVCrusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatfunctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.a)YouknowthatIhatewar.SNPVPCPNVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewar

ORCPCInflP(=S)NPInflVPCPNPresVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewarb)HesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover.SNPVPCPNVCSNPVPCPNVCSNPVPDetNVLAHesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover

c)Gerrycan’tbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.SNPVPNVPNPCPAuxNegVNPCSDetNNPVPNVNPDetANGerrycannotbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam

d)ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.SNPVPCPNVLACSNPVPDetNVNPNPNDetNChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Roycee)Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.SNPVPCPDetNVPCSVPNPVPNVNPNThechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings7.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawthedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesentences.

a)Theessaythathewrotewastoolong.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSDegPNPInflVPNVNPNTheessayhewrotethatwastoolongSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSDegPNPNPInflVPNNPstVNPNTheessaythathewroteewastoolong

b)Thedogthathekeepsbites.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVCInflSPresNPVPNVNPNThedoghekeepsthatbitesSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVCSNPNPInflVPNNPresVNPNThedogthathekeepsebites

c)Herbertfoundthemansheloved.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNCSNPInflVPNPNVNHerbertfoundthemanshelovedwhoSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNSCNPInflVPNPNPNVNNHerbertfoundtheman(whom)shelovede

d)Thegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithmajorsinlinguistics.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCInflSNNPVPPPNQualVPNPVPNThegirlheoftenquarrelswithwhommajorsinlinguisticsSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCSNNPNPInflVPPPNNQualVPNPVPNThegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithemajorsinlinguistics

8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvetheinversiontransformation.Givethedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesesentences.a)Wouldyoucometomorrow?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPAdvPNInflVAdvyouwouldcometomorrowSurfacestructureCPCSVPNPAdvPInflNInflVAdvwouldyouecometomorrow

b)Canyoupassmethenewspaper?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPNPNPNInflVNDetNyoucanpassmethenewspaperSurfacestructureCPCSVPInflNPNPNPNInflVNDetNCanyouepassmethenewspaper

c)Shouldthestudentsreporttheincident?

DeepstructureCPCSVPNPNPDetNInflVDetNthestudentsshouldreporttheincidentSurfacestructureCPCSVPInflNPNPDetNInflVDetNshouldthestudentsereporttheincident

d)Whatdidyoueatforlunch?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPPPNPNPNInflVPNNyoudideatwhatforlunchSurfacestructureCPNPCSVPInflNPPPNPNPNNInflV