2018年浙江高考英语试题-(有详细答案)

/9绝密★启用前2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（ 浙江卷）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 35分）第一节（共 10小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字） rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens ’greatnessisunchallengedRemovinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂） ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spatrutlyethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.Ittlyth’atshipsawrritings rodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butitalsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress .A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliteratureWhatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'anenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts（收银台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.z.x.xkTheindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑） thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.B.Recyclethewastematerial.C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.Whatdoestheword “headwinds"inparagraph2referto?A.Bansonplasticbags.B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.C.Headachescausedbygarbage.D.Plasticbagshungintrees.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?A.Theyarequiteexpensive. B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Plastic,PaperorNeither B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironmentC.RecycleorThrowAway D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControlCAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（装配线） onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith “achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.then,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.zxx.kThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的） energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济） isachancetokeepAmericanstrength. “Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury. ”Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?A.ToexplainAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar.B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericancruel.tuC.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica ’sroadsystem.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy. B.Environmentalproblems.

C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A.Ambiguous. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.31Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房产）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.32__Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag..33Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.GHereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit36tohavetoomuch?I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso38ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodomyhomework,andIhadtodoit39WhenIgotintocollege,things40.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis41therewasnosenseof42todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilitlaterbecame 43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44mystudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothepointwhereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmyworkalone.OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47alotofmoneyrunningasideline（副业）.Sincehisregularjobwas48,Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe51thejob,hewouldlosehis52toworkandsucceed.So,try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa 54thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska55persontodoit.36.A.tue B.fairC.strangeD.possible37.A.rememberB.admitC.understandD.expect38.A.watchedB.loved.C.CoachedD.played39.A.allastB.rightawayC.ofcourseD.mattered40.A.happendB.repeatedC,changedD.mattered41.A.extraB.difficult.C.valuableD.limited42.A.dutyB.achievementC.urgencyD.direction43.A.burdenB.reliefC.riskD.habit44.A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling45.A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff46.A.metB.helpedC.treatedD.hired47.A.raisingB.wastingC.demandingD.making48.A.safeB.importantC.boringD.rewarding49.A.luckilyB.hardlyC.hopefullyD.simply50.A.childhoodB.collegeC.townD.business51.A.quitB.foundC.acceptedD.kept52.A.heartB.chanceC.driveD.way53.A.savingB.fillingupC.givingupD.trading54.A.messageB.storyC.sayingD.fact55.A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.kind第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容( 1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshehadn 'tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,itwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmumshome65dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.英语试题参考答案第二部分阅读理解21.C22.D23.A24.D25.A26.D27.A28.B29.B30.C31.G32.F33.E34.B35.C第三部分语百运用36.D37.A38.D39.B40.C41.A42.C43.D44.A45.B46.A47.D48.C49.D50.B51.A52.C53.B54.C55.B56.dishes57.who/that58.it59.visiting60.wasshocked61.havebecome62.affordable63.higher64.weight65.for第四部分写作[W1作者通过亲里螳历团娥们：照有太多时同就会推延您事情,时1可紧追反而酷合理安排时磔巴・««!好.[d^U A皿口惠安的；B.国公平的：C5gM值橙的;6明的皿时幽，旬意：曲科龄值,但是汽弯的时1句太多可能;会杷事情做好归用帝.可吟,表示作者的暖间，故选N【小建2]海亚的词.从remembeHE博；B.mdgt承认：C.understands；D.expect窥堡.此处衰示回忆起逋中时自己的生活r装希回i混漫「即nomberbide.故透缸【小题打考直动词.A.watched^:巴g；U83dlM动曲；口playE阮，比处指白从我送行国怵体育镭恃后多瞬I间在竽校，标迸行体M8SO即sport,舐©【力中54】不*H^SiS,4]last*后：B.rightawa泣刻,马上：仁Msurse当粗；口.nnatttred国为在比制葩后,在索傲柞业的时间就少了，鬲以在家时必须马上写作业.下直demyschcc!wbEiEEM归值阖了提示t卸SB.1小葩5]辜直为瓯A.happ«r^cJ^；BJ陀收工E重整；C.dinged改至：口mame调氮大竽生活靶蠲中生活不一样,东以说发生了at室.国擀常识透匚【小超61姐喀君母.儿。V谶先的；Bd淅CultQ逢的；匚¥疝油油饰械：CUiEiZ育限的.此处版大学里在许宏会外的时同，改选％用密刀等管给血A.dutyfl盛：8L就所加――山谶；C.urgencyjfc»；D.direrfi□访问.大学里漫M身上做作用曲蒙迫融，与高中时抓蕖时间暂作业形成对比，故选C【小卷8】专有官词.4burtfen^FS；B.re旭饿济：C.nskHfe:D.而抒?匀恨.出于不意苕骂昨业.褥以后来就落成了峥的习懊.故选Etd1®）热吉动词*儿pu（hingft;B.taking*;C.settingifcH;D.Big等％与上支的v*i”咏应,粗郡或嶂的习情后，蝴怀断地把学习往后腐,越隆趋通,粮崩常识也可知得至.故选A.[小炉1。】H动议痘乱从hangingout桂出,瘴去星处；B.stayingupl^ffl;Gjogging步：D.showingoTO^.用密山能ateight可知是篇被r既处持柞业等到量后黑校完成,故选B.【小期1】考至丽.A.mctil见；B,helpedrtfih；C.tm0或附；D.hired；■用.此地哂基厅以朝的同学,此6句也超凡【小我32]”浙司.A,wising举起；6.vesting；匚《小髀"叫要笊：D.m前叫轩得.此光振I番胤业得了ir帝隹，,珪WE*eEB.ey.SE选口.【小题13】■甘臣护.容祝A-⑻辰金的：BJrnporUn序要的：Cboring无（S的：D.rewarding因为他的常规工作呈无疑的,赧乂作者it议螂明业作为全薇工作.故港C.【小杷4】考至附曲A."制洋温的；B.h时w几乎不：匚hQpefm・希望地：5$而内箱型也朋友应如西好有这个工作.很御单他就会有太多无聊的时沮L相相旬帝司）M*h5]青重名况A,5ldhoM童用时期：民s附吹学;Ctownmi：D.Esin统而业.礴会大物一择因知I太多的时他而不忙榭»■,与上交内容呼应.故造B.【小黑16】考查初词.A白加放拜:fl.founds;C.accepted^;也上叩1保持.如果践fc拜工作r就会失去工作和血的动力.与作看的造设峥应.故选KE瞩17]**名鼻Ahwn心脏；B.chanEl聋；C.driv遒动力;Q恻y方法此处描如果也放天工作,就失去了拿迫弹.就会失去工祚新成功的动力.赛水.动力3故选JPJ'fflB]—腼A.wingW;&filinguE;Ggivingup岫；口Hading交易.SA:血」ff自己ft起来,故选仇[小魅19]普受名询.ArriMsa并港息；氏31ory莓事；Gsayrng语泊；口JaG安突.此处僭/youwantsoirHEngdone-a5Ka51persontodo4地旬,SEi&C*【小题次】卷堂先塞溜.A3rMi小心flS；5匕5y忙碌的：匚「回心怔可H的：D.ki汕善瓯L此处指如黑存程御某事.谴世居的人表曲.七程力人会抓索灯向宸麻,不加人只会抱延町间.刘满耽

（^r*Fr］本文=于GnfI◎mDidcenwiS呆2。。叵午前夕,介维了Cherie*CticiiEF在英国小说方面的鹿姿击献和:黑运.郭晌.【小也1］ttlJTI理解占R*度据黑物（打当时情况的，器号rgMuJywantedtvd<jil 口dlly.Th<?Htrdrri'ptjwried-printingpowjsst川tnitsflirty究aq喀tr>eliteracy（氏字）ratemtriWacdwmunder5U粕.Mjnyworxsofnettenapp»red*vi!hcwtirenameso：theauthors..NcwxH^.tfirthemostpirt.wereloOkrfuponas?illyirTunoral.orjustplArnbad.m才福稔* .件晶上没有作事名宇.小洲斌认为整段期的不正亲幼.・无价值可WIJ&C.「」逊/】利我中.根况5cxensorwtnessitunenjiengeoid?'jefi^h^ie&DKJten^jv^jifrjf；EJJiu.忸惬牝MonaL$a相比显为了通明匚相HgDiugns在英国小说方面的重要建和Um匕钻在绘面方面的重雾性髭一样的,故送口.【小典”可中E通通,梅必立中对Cgrir口;及K忤晶5国小睨JC上主要懂的痴写.和nd后Mtasthe200thinn^rMryQthtibinhapproatne$-tiispossible-andimport9nttorourownculture-iounderstandhowhemadghtmsei;alasingone口」如本由1号于£hart«口壮的£际上DO冏的哧kr由此可知伟宏亏本文黑为了纪念球植悻大的作东.故送，t点畤】拄理期渐理要事在理解嗯才的墓瓶上.做出Mist和曲宫拄理期渐理要事在理解嗯才的墓瓶上.做出Mist和曲宫.从曲曲反惠忠和东星的重思.也就墨通也辽中的文字信«,上卜建修书写出和物妁规匾存此等日用的f揖面出作者沿为百生菱戊始于慝y理有.丰文推理刎断迂的考话；工•篦佗.，」、苣［要求判断国小曲」啦.rtUEM-SJJ^ejm^^Tft^nobodywarnedtoooitprtrfM<nn事斤.Thest?am-poweredprintingpr«4wmMillmrt5eartyvtmgy：thalit&ratypt©mEnr；：anrtwasu^d&r50%.iNcve,s.war白lookeduponassidy,immorjiorjustpUinbad,可K］当IfJ用触底北雷■后,人『门刀字军怅，小潴被认为卷出R的TIE疑的,N无61■可向工性密件*坷作目的HS总配.小雷3判断不也可作旧的，用宦次中为Omis口小”5；SJ（作汴在光国小逸史上■仁性60施可,和女・OJEsSlkd、tiit?ZOCLhdunnver^diyof1n5t>irtf»3方「3。1一，itthpuisiWe-dfid11ilptJiTdn1TuiuuruwfICjuIIu：e-luund«rbld^diiDwhemjdehimsei^nlistingon甘，可知本;［写于mjdehimsei^nlistingon甘，可知本;［写于Ch2H口壮的‘海法Ng底甲前”.由此rr货与青可苞立星力了电冷这位伟士的汴冢.【解柝】文章分析了几种IB物会的使用睛况，里鸟毂透成了环身词典，尽菅能裳容嘉回收,但生产和运给病集更多的彘舞，吊凄谓奏者使用耐用可■翼使用的蛮子.【小箕工】织方理解聚!•银磨第一段oneofStein,sjobsgdefending3nindustrybehindiheplasticshoppngt«gw和第二段aa5tiu-bigrnaker?jreiiinngthenlistsikeSteintomakethecaseThattheirproductsarenotasbddforthepJjnet整mostpeoplej$与uee.可知曳聚版生产商JM豪田加5㈤n超为了证明旭【物产品并不徐大察殴人想搬的丹喀对地球有喜.是对重料知余用的矫尊粕争论.故选t小国2】词义耐塞，上文介绍在焊多美国大师望料袋Iff装用.看到这种册伏r重科钱生产镯及用我s5崎内科学;«为了证期也怕的产^并不像大安被人想重的那样沟地琼有害.组口与.逆风”期也怕的产^并不像大安被人想重的那样沟地琼有害.组口与.逆风”.郑ES坐粗翁书』,用的现状JEfIBansonplasfkbmp.改造「4湮3】谀节理解塞一根搪帚四段Hmever.longer-layingreu5dbl«bagsoftenrequiremoreenergytoe/K上可