园林景观专业英文词汇

园林景观专业英语词汇规划planning草图sketch;roughmap平面plan剖面section立面elevation透视perspective示意图diagram容积率coverage城市设计urbandesign;civicdesign区域规划regionalplanning步行轴pedaxis总体规划generalplanning;masterplanning分区规划districtplanning近期建设规划immediateplan城市详细规划detailedplanning控制性详细规划controldetailedplanning修建性详细规划siteplan居住区规划residentialdistrictplanning城市化urbanization城市生态urbanecology可持续发展sustainabledevelopment历史文化名城保护规划PlanofPreservationofHistoricCities旧城改建urbanredevelopment开发区developmentarea城市化水平urbanizationlevel城市群agglomeration城镇体系urbansystem卫星城satellitetown城市基础设施urbaninfrastructure居民点settlement市municipality;city生态基础设施ecologicalinfrastructure牧场pasture市域administrativeregionofacity商业区commercialdistrict行政中心administrationcenter商业街commercialstreet科技园technologicalregion校园规划campusplanning城市中心区urbancenterdistrict居住单元flat历史地段historydistrict民政区域civildistrict水警区watersguarddistrict居住区规划residentialdistrictplanning护林区rangerdistrict工业区industrialdistrict林木种子公园treeseedorchard快速公路thruway城市美学urbanesthetics游憩空间esplanade系统工程systemsengineering城市更新理论urbanrenewaltheory绿地/绿化带greenbelt绿化覆盖率percentageofgreenerycoverage绿地率ratioofgreenspace工厂绿化landscapingwithinfactory广场绿化landscapingofsquare居住区绿化landscapingofresidentialarea谷底植栽场improvedvegetation&wildlife公共建筑绿化landscapingaroundpublicbuilding室内绿化indoorgarden城市绿化urbanvirescence城市绿化系统urbangreenspacesystem公共绿地publicgreenspace专用绿地specifiedgreenspace防护绿地greenbuffer建筑空间architecture剧院showplace;theater茶楼(馆caff;teashop专卖店monopolisticshop博物馆museum电影院cinema;moviehouse商场emporium;shoppingmall体育馆palaestra青少年宫callanhouse;children’spalace图书馆library棋牌室relaxationroom健身房gymnasium书店bookstore客厅parlor阳台balcony浴室bathroom合院式建筑courtyardbuilding餐厅dining-room;dininghall入口entrance厨房kitchen屋顶roof小孩房kidroom儿童游乐室/玩具室dollhouse起居室livingroom门廊porch更衣室changeroom休息室pavilion私家花园privategarden居民resident共享地带sharedzone工人房servantshall比例scale元素element会议中心conferencecenter园林景观viewofthegarden乔木arbor灌木shrub铺石bandstone地下车库carparkbellow曲线形铺地curvedpavingbands庭园cartilage;Garth标志牌(signcourtyardidentificationsign庭院courtyard瀑布fall步道footpath园桥gardenbridge园林gardenandpark草本植物herbage藤本植物liane蔓本植物liana砌石naturalcutstone铺地pave亭,阁pavilion榭paviliononterrace植被planting花坛plantingbeds大广场plaza栈道deckpromenade灯柱polelights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场smallsquare小水景smallwaterfeature林荫树shadetrees楼storiedbuilding小溪流stream行道树streettrees踏石steppingstone踏步terracesteps木制平台timberdeck草坪turf;grass园廊veranda空地void水景waterscape园墙wallingarden滨水地区waterfront茶亭teahouse木亭logcabin遮阳亭shadestructure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retainingwall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula常用的景观英文1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行&人行MAINENTRANCEGATE/GUARDHOUSE(FORVEHICLE&PEDESTRIAN2.次入口/岗亭(车行&人行2NDENTRANCEGATE/GUARDHOUSE(FORVEHICLE&PEDESTRIAN3.商业中心入口ENTRANCETOSHOPPINGCTR.4.水景WATERFEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINIAMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1WELCOMINGFEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBERDECK(VIEWING8.竹园BAMBOOGARDEN9.漫步广场WALKWAYPLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUTDOORCAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2GRANDWELCOMINGFEATURE-212.木桥TIMBERBRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPEWATERFALL'SGROTTO/VIEWINGTERRACE14.吊桥HANGINGBRIDGE15.休憩台地(低处LOUNGINGTERRACE(LOWER16.休憩台地(高处LOUNGINGTERRACE(UPPER17.特色踏步FEATURESTEPPINGSTONE18.野趣小溪RIVERWILD19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'SPLAYGROUND20.旱冰道SLIDE21.羽毛球场BADMINTONCOURT22.旱景DRYLANDSCAPE23.日艺园JAPANESEGARDEN24.旱喷泉DRYFOUNTAIN25.观景台VIEWINGDECK26.游泳池SWIMMINGPOOL27.极可意JACUZZI28.嬉水池WADINGPOOL29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'SPOOL30.蜿蜒水墙WINDINGWALL31.石景雕塑ROCKSCULPTURE32.中心广场CENTRALPLAZA33.健身广场EXERCISEPLAZA34.桥BRIDGE35.交流广场MEDITATINGPLAZA36.趣味树阵TREEBATTLEFORMATION37.停车场PARINGAREA38.特色花架TRELLIS39.雕塑小道SCULPTURETRAIL40.(高尔夫轻击区PUTTINGGREEN41.高尔夫球会所GOLFCLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCEPAVINGTOUNIT43.篮球场BASKETBALLCOURT44.网球场TENNISCOURT45.阶梯***/种植槽TERRACINGSEATWALL/PLANTER46.广场MAINPLAZA47.森林、瀑布FORESTGARDENWATERFALL48.石景园ROCKERYGARDEN49.旱溪DRYSTREAM50.凉亭PAVILION51.户外淋浴OUTDOORSHOWER52.拉膜结构TENSILESTRUCTURE53.台阶STAIR54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING(GOLFCAR55.健身站EXERCISESTATION56.晨跑小路JOGGINGFOOTPATH57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY/SIDEWALK58.人行漫步道PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场WATERFALLANDDANCINGFOUNTAIN(ENTRYPLAZA60.特色入口ENTRYFEATURE61.石景广场ROCKERYPLAZA常用造价英语词汇估算/费用估算:estimate/costestimate;估算类型:typesofestimate;详细估算:是偏差幅度最小的估算,definedestimate;设备估算:equipmentestimate;分析估算:analysisestimate;报价估算:roposalestimate;控制估算:controlestimate;初期控制估算:interimcontrolestimate/initialcontrolestimate批准的控制估算:initialapprovedcost核定估算:checkestimate首次核定估算:firstcheckestimate二次核定估算:productioncheckestimate人工时估算:manhourestimate材料费用/直接材料费用:materialcost/directmaterialcost设备费用/设备购买费用:equipmentcost/purchasedcostofequipment散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用:bulkmaterialcost/purchasedcostofbulkmaterial施工费用:constructioncost施工人工费用:laborcost/constructionforcecost设备安装人工费用:laborcostassociatedwithequipment散装材料施工安装人工费用:laborcostassociatedwithbulkmaterials人工时估算定额:standardmanhours施工人工时估算定额:standardlabormanhours标准工时定额:standardhours劳动生产率:laborproductivity/productivityfactor/productivityratio修正的人工时估算值:adjustedmanhours人工时单价:manhoursrate施工监督费用:costofconstructionsupervision施工间接费用:costofcontructionindirects分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用:subcontractcost/fieldsubcontractcost公司本部费用:homeofficecost公司管理费用:overhead非工资费用:nonpayroll开车服务费用:costofstart-upservices其他费用:othercost利润/预期利润:profit/expectedprofit服务酬金:servicegains风险:risk风险分析:riskanalysis风险备忘录:riskmemorandum未可预见费:contingency基本未可预见费:averagecontingency最大风险未可预见费:maximumriskcontingency用户变更/合同变更:cilentchange/contractchange认可的用户变更:approvedclientchange待定的用户变更:pendingclientchange项目变更:projectchange内部变更:internalchange批准的变更:authoriedchange强制性变更:mandatorychange选择性变更:optionalchange内部费用转换:internaltransfer认可的预计费用:anticipatedapprovedcost涨价值:escalation项目费用汇总报告:projectcostsummaryreport项目实施费用状态报告:projectoperationcoststatusreport总价合同:lumpsumcontract偿付合同:reimbursiblecontract预算:budget02.1总论2.0001园林学landscapearchitecture,gardenarchitecture2.0002造园学gardenmaking,landscapegardening2.0003环境园艺学environmentalhorticulture2.0004观赏园艺学ornamentalhorticulture2.0005园林艺术gardenart2.0006园林美学gardenaesthetics2.0007园林建筑学gardenarchitecture2.0008园林建筑gardenbuilding2.0009园林工程gardenengineering2.0010园林植物landscapeplant2.0011观赏植物ornamentalplant2.0012盆景miniaturelandscape,penjing2.0013园林gardenandpark2.0014园林学史historyofgardenarchitecture2.0015园林规划gardenplanning,landscapingplanning2.0016园林设计gardendesign2.0017园林机具设备gardeningmachine2.0018园林管理gardenmanagement2.0019园林生态landscapeecology2.0020绿化greening,planting2.0021环境绿化environmentalgreening2.0022绿地面积greenarea2.0023绿地率ratioofgreenspace2.0024城市绿化覆盖率urbangreencoverage2.0025工厂绿化factorygreening,factorygarden-ing2.0026街道绿化streetgreening,streetplanting2.0027车行道绿化drivewaygreening2.0028分车带绿化dividingstripegreening2.0029人行道绿化sidewalkgreening2.0030群众绿化massplantingmovement2.0031郊区绿化suburbangreening2.0032公路绿化highwaygreening2.0033铁路绿化railwaygreening,railwayplanting2.0034堤岸种植bankplanting2.0035阳台绿化balconygreening2.0036窗台绿化window-sillgreening2.0037屋顶绿化roofgreening2.0038垂直绿化verticalgreening2.0039攀缘绿化climbergreening2.0040桥头绿化bridgeheadgreening2.0041花园garden2.0042专类花园specifiedflowergarden2.0043花园村gardenvillage2.0044园林城市landscapegardencity2.0045蔷薇园rosegarden2.0046松柏园conifergarden2.0047球根园bulbgarden2.0048宿根园perennialgarden2.0049假山园rockgarden,Chineserockery2.0050狩猎场huntingground2.0051街心花园streetcrossingcentergarden2.0052小游园pettystreetgarden2.0053水景园watergarden2.0054铺地园pavedgarden2.0055野趣园wildplantsbotanicalgarden2.0056野生植物园wildplantsgarden2.0057乡趣园rusticgarden2.0058盆景园penjinggarden,miniaturelandscape2.0059动物园zoo,zoologicalgarden2.0060墓园cemeterygarden2.0061沼泽园bogandmarshgarden2.0062水生植物园aquaticplantsgarden2.0063学校园schoolgarden2.0064室内花园indoorgarden2.0065芳香花园fragrantgarden2.0066盲人花园gardenfortheblind2.0067公园park,publicpark2.0068城市公园citypark,urbanpark2.0069区公园regionalpark2.0070儿童公园childrenpark2.0071体育公园sportspark2.0072森林公园forestpark2.0073纪念公园memorialpark2.0074烈士纪念公园martyrmemorialpark2.0075综合公园comprehensivepark2.0076文化公园culturalpark2.0077文化休憩公园culturalandrecreationpark2.0078中央公园centralpark2.0079天然公园naturalpark2.0080海滨公园seasidepark,seabeachpark2.0081古迹公园historicsitepark2.0082河滨公园riversidepark2.0083湖滨公园lakesidepark2.0084路边公园roadsidepark,streetpark2.0085娱乐公园amusementpark2.0086雕塑公园sculpturepark2.0087休憩公园recreationpark2.0088疗养公园sanatoriumpark2.0089国家公园nationalpark2.0090邻里公园neighborhoodpark2.0091特种公园specialpark2.0092植物园botanicalgarden2.0093植物公园abeledplantspark2.0094高山植物园alpinegarden2.0095热带植物园tropicalplantsgarden2.0096药用植物园medicalplantsgarden,herbgarden2.0097绿地greenspace2.0098公共绿地publicgreenspace2.0099单位绿地unitgreenarea2.0100城市绿地urbangreenspace2.0101街道广场绿地streetandsquaregreenarea2.0102居住区绿地residentialquartergreenarea2.0103防护绿地greenareaforenvironmentalprotection2.0104郊区绿地suburbangreenspace2.0105街坊绿地residentialblockgreenbelt2.0106附属绿地attachedgreenspace2.0107生产绿地productiveplantationarea2.0108苗圃nursery2.0109风景landscape,scenery2.0110自然景观naturallandscape2.0111人文景观humanlandscape,sceneryofhumanities2.0112草原景观prairielandscape2.0113山岳景观mountainlandscape,alpinelandscape2.0114地理景观geographicallandscape2.0115湖泊景观lakeview2.0116郊区景观suburbanlandscape2.0117地质景观geologicallandscape2.0118喀斯特景观karstlandscape2.0119植物景观plantslandscape,floralandscape2.0120中国古典园林classicalChinesegarden2.0121中国传统园林traditionalChinesegarden2.0122中国古代园林ancientChinesegarden2.0123中国山水园Chinesemountainandwatergarden2.0124帝王宫苑imperialpalacegarden2.0125皇家园林royalgarden2.0126私家园林privategarden2.0127江南园林gardenontheYangtzeDelta2.0128西方古典园林westernclassicalgarden2.0129英国式园林Englishstylegarden2.0130中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinesestylegarden2.0131意大利式园林Italianstylegarden2.0132西班牙式园林Spanishstylegarden2.0133法兰西式园林Frenchstylegarden2.0134勒诺特尔式园林LeNotre’sstylegarden2.0135文艺复兴庄园Renaissancestylevilla2.0136洛可可式园林Rococostylegarden2.0137巴洛克式园林Baroquestylegarden2.0138庄园manor,villagarden2.0139廊柱园peristylegarden,patio2.0140绿廊xystus2.0141迷阵maze,labyrinth2.0142灵囿LingYouHuntingGarden2.0143灵沼LingZhaoWaterGarden2.0144灵台LingTaiPlatformGarden2.0145阿房宫E-PangPalace2.0146上林苑Shang-LinYuan2.0147未央宫Wei-YangPalace2.0148洛阳宫LuoyangPalace2.0149华清官Hua-QingPalace2.0150艮岳GenYueImperialGarden2.0151圆明园Yuan-MingYuanImperialGarden2.0152颐和园Yi-HeYuanImperialGarden,SummerPalace2.0153承德避暑山庄ChengdeImperialSummerResort2.0154苏州园林Suzhoutraditionalgarden2.0155悬园HangingGarden2.0156英国皇家植物园RoyalBotanicalGarden,Kewgarden2.0157凡尔赛宫苑VersaillesPalacePark2.0158枫丹白露宫园FontainebleauPalaceGarden02.3园林艺术2.0159景view,scenery,feature2.0160远景distantview2.0161近景nearbyview2.0162障景obstructivescenery,blockingview2.0163借景borrowedscenery,viewborrowing2.0164对景oppositescenery,viewinoppositeplace2.0165缩景miniaturescenery,abbreviatedscenery2.0166漏景leakingthroughscenery2.0167框景enframedscenery2.0168尾景terminalfeature2.0169主景mainfeature2.0170副景secondaryfeature2.0171配景objectiveview2.0172夹景vistaline,vista2.0173前景frontview2.0174背景background2.0175景序orderofsceneries2.0176景点featurespot,viewspot2.0177仰视景观upwardlandscape2.0178俯视景观downwardlandscape2.0179季相景观seasonalphenomena2.0180气象景观meteorologicaldiversityscenery2.0181视野visualfield2.0182秋色fallcolor,autumncolor2.0183园林空间gardenspace2.0184开敞空间wideopenspace,widespace2.0185封闭空间enclosurespace2.0186意境artisticconception,poeticimagery2.0187苍古antiquity2.0188空灵spaciousness,airiness2.0189动观in-motionviewing2.0190静观in-positionviewing2.0191视错觉visualillusion2.0192园林艺术布局artisticlayoutofgarden2.0193对称平衡symmetricalbalance2.0194不对称平衡asymmetricalbalance2.0195左右对称bilateralsymmetry2.0196辐射对称radialsymmetry2.0197透景线perspectiveline2.0198轴线axis,axialline2.0199主轴mainaxis2.0200副轴auxiliaryaxis2.0201暗轴hiddenaxis,invisibleaxis2.0202树冠线skyline2.0203园林色彩艺术artofgardencolors2.0204单色谐调monochromaticharmony2.0205复色谐调compoundchromaticharmony2.0206对比色突出contrastcolorsaccent2.0207近似色谐调approximatecolorsharmony2.0208暖色warmcolor2.0209冷色coolcolor2.0210色感colorsense2.0211城市绿地系统规划urbangreenspacesystemplanning2.0212绿地系统greenspacesystem2.0213公共绿地定额publicgreenspacequota2.0214公共绿地指标publicgreenspacenorm2.0215绿地布局greenspacelayout2.0216吸引圈attractivecircle2.0217吸引距离attractivedistance2.0218有效半径effectiveradius2.0219绿地资源greenspaceresource2.0220绿地效果greenspaceeffect2.0221绿地规划程序planningprocedureofthegreenspace2.0222空间规划spaceplanning2.0223形象规划imageplan2.0224实施规划implementaryplan2.0225必要生活空间necessarylivingspace2.0226余暇生活空间leisuretimelivingspace2.0227利用频度usagefrequency2.0228树种规划planningoftreesandshrubs2.0229绿地类型typeofgreenspace2.0230环状绿型annulargreenspace2.0231块状绿地greenplot2.0232点状绿地greenspot2.0233放射状绿地radiategreenspace2.0234楔状绿地wedge-shapedgreenspace2.0235缓冲绿地buffergreenspace2.0236防音绿地noiseproofgreenspace2.0237科学景观论scientificlandscapetheory2.0238园林保留地reservegarden2.0239公园规划parkplanning2.0240园林总体规划gardenmasterplanning2.0241总平面规划siteplanning2.0242园林分区gardenzoning2.0243安静休息区tranquilrestarea2.0244儿童活动区childrenplayingspace2.0245儿童游戏场childrenplayground,playlot2.0246体育运动区sportsactivitiesarea2.0247野餐区picnicplace2.0248散步区pedestrianspace2.0249群众集会区massmeetingsquare2.0250观赏植物区ornamentalplantsarea2.0251观赏温室区displaygreenhousearea,displayconservatoryarea2.0252草坪区lawnspace2.0253绿荫区shadetreesection2.0254历史古迹区historicalrelicsarea2.0255青少年活动区youngstersactivitiesarea2.0256诱鸟区birdsanctuaryarea2.0257钓鱼区fishingcenter2.0258野营区campsite2.0259游人中心visitorscenter2.0260服务中心servicecenter2.0261探险游乐场adventureground2.0262文化活动区culturalactivitiesarea2.0263道路系统approachsystem,roadsystem2.0264环形道路系统circularroadsystem2.0265方格形道路系统latticedroadsystem2.0266放射形道路系统radiateroadsystem2.0267自然式道路系统informalroadsystem2.0268规整式道路系统formalroadsystem2.0269混合式道路系统mixedstyleroadsystem2.0270园林规划图gardenplanningmap2.0271园林规划说明书gardenplanningdirection2.0272城市公园系统urbanparksystem2.0273公园分布distributionofparks2.0274公园类型parktype,parkcategory2.0275公园间距distancebetweenparks2.0276公园形式parkstyles2.0277游览区excursionarea,open-to-publicarea2.0278非游览区no-admittancearea2.0279办公区administrativearea2.0280服务区servicecenter2.0281动休息区dynamicrestspace2.0282静休息区staticrestspace2.0283娱乐演出区entertainingperformanceplace2.0284主要入口mainentrance2.0285次要入口secondaryentrance2.0286人流量visitorsflowrate2.0287车流量vehicleflowrate2.0288公园道路parkroad2.0289公园水陆面积比率land-waterratio2.0290游人容纳量visitorscapacity2.0291风景资源调查landscaperesourceevaluation2.0292风景学scenicology2.0293风景规划landscapeplan2.0294风景设计landscapedesign2.0295游览路线touringroute2.0296旅游资源tourismresource2.0297旅游地理tourismgeography2.0298旅游地质tourismgeology2.0299历史名城famoushistoricalcity2.0300文化名城famousculturalcity2.0301文化遗址ancientculturalrelic2.0302天然博物馆naturalopenmuseum2.0303风景地貌naturalgeomorphology2.0304造型地貌imaginativegeomorphologicfiguration2.0305风景区scenicspot,scenicarea2.0306风景名胜famousscenery,famousscenicsite2.0307特异景观风景区specificnaturalscenesarea2.0308民族风俗风景区scenicspotofminoritycustoms2.0309高山风景区alpinescenicspot2.0310海滨风景区seabeachscenicspot2.0311森林风景区forestscenicspot2.0312高山草甸风景区alpinetundralandscapespot2.0313峡谷风景区valleyscenicspot2.0314江河风景区riverlandscapedistrict2.0315湖泊风景区lakeroundscenicspot2.0316温泉风景区hotspringscenicspot2.0317瀑布风景区waterfallscenicspot2.0318禁伐禁猎区regionforbiddentotreecuttingandhunting2.0319封山育林区regionclosedforafforestation2.0320天池风景区craterlakescenicspot2.0321自然保护区natureprotectionarea2.0322科学保护区protectionareaforscientificresearch2.0323天然纪念物naturalmonument2.0324生物圈保护区biosphereprotectionarea02.5园林设计2.0325园林设计师landscapearchitect,gardendesigner2.0326园址测量图gardensitesurveymap2.0327地形图topographicmap,contourmap2.0328种植设计plantingdesign2.0329地形改造设计topographicalreformdesign2.0330种植大样图detailplantingdesign2.0331造价分析costanalysis2.0332园林形式gardenstyle2.0333规整式园林formalgardenstyle2.0334非规整园林informalgardenstyle2.0335几何式园林geometricgarden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