新视野大学英语2读写教程第三版课文练习参考答案

/16Therearealotofpeoplewhobehaveirrationally,causingproblemstothemselvesaswellastoothers.It'shardtoanalyzetheexactcausesbehindirrationalbehavior,butweknowthatitisamannerofbehaviorthatisnotbasedonlogicandreasoning.Irrationalbehavioriscausedbyvariousfactorsbuttwostandout.Thefirstmainfactorthatcontributestoirrationalbehaviorisuncontrolledemotions.Irrationalpeopletakeoffenseorgetangrybeforetheactualsituationoccurs.Theybecomeanxiousandexpressexaggeratedemotionssuchascryingandshouting.Theyhaveunrealisticexpectations,expectingeveryonetolikethemandifsomeonedoesnot,theyfeelangryandneglected.Itisfairlycommonforpeopletoshowsuchsignsofirrationality.Toomuchstresscanalsoleadtoirrationalbehavior.Infact,thesedays,stressisthemajorcauseofphysicalaswellasmentalproblems.Stresscreatesfeelingsofanger,irritationandfrustration.Forinstance,whenyouspendastressfuldayintheoffice,itmakesyouanxious.Youstartreleasingyourfrustrationorstressbyscreamingatyourfamilymembersforsmallreasonslikeabadlypreparedmeal.Thatdayyoufeeleverythingiswrong.Insummary,uncontrolledemotionsandtoomuchstresscanresultinirrationalbehavior.Tobehaverationallyisnotaneasyjobbecausethebehaviorisinternalized.However,todiscoverthesourceofyourirrationalitywillhelpyoubehavemorerationally.Translation9极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保留需要的部分、用最简单的话来说，极简的生活方式，就是生活得越简单越好 ,直到获得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是身体上的：这样的生活方式会减轻压力，带来更多自由时间．并增强幸福感、极简主义者会说．他们生活得更有意义了，更从容了，极简的生活方式让他们着眼于生活中更重要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅游和体验。当然，极简主义并不意味着拥有物质财富从本质上来讲有什么不对。现在的问题似乎在于，我们往往太重视所拥有的东西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热情、个人成长，以及帮助他人的愿望。极简主义除了在我们的口常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于很多创意领域，包括艺术、建筑、没汁、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时尚、摄影和文学等。10NationalHappinessIndex(NHI)isanindexthatmeasureshowhappypeopleare.Itisalsoatoolthatmeasuresthelevelsofeconomicdevelopmentandpeople'slivelihoodandhappinessinacountryorregion.WiththefastgrowthofChineseeconomy,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenpayingmoreandmoreattentiontopeople'slivingqualityandtheincreaseofhappinessindex.Thegovernmentstressesimprovementofitspeople'slivelihood,strivingtoimprovetheireconomicconditionsandmeettheirgrowingmaterialandculturalneeds.Currently,theChinesegovernmentadvocatestheunleashingofmorereformdividends,withtheaimofofferingmorerealbenefitstoitspeople.AllthesemeasureswillcombinetoeffectivelyincreasetheNHIofourpeople.Unit6TextBUnderstandingthetext2C2.B3.D4.A5.D6.B 7.A 8.DCriticalthinking3Liketolookgoodinother ’seyes.TendtohavespendinghabitMakethemfeelhappy.WanttobeinfashionFrustrated.BoredConfusedStunnedDon’tknowwhichoptiontheywantmost.Seemtothemthereisneverthebestoption.Wanteverythinglesttheymissa “perfect”one.Humanbeingsaregreedybynature.Manybelieve“Themore,thebetter”.Mostpeoplearetoomaterialistic.Notreallyagoodthing.Makepeoplegreedierandmorematerialistic.Makepeopleexhaustedtomakedecisions.Discourageappreciation.Wordsinuse41.concerning2.specified3.controversy4.rendered5.enforced6.distribute7.highlighted8.implication9.penetrating10.subtract13/16Expressionsinuse51.playedarole2.turnedout3.aredepressedabout4.settlefor5.rushedinto6.outofcontrol7.transferredto8.relyonSentencestructure6The more carefullyhethoughtaboutit,thecleareritbecametohimthatthiswasajobforsomeonewithexperience.The more exerciseyoudo,themoreenergeticyouwillbecome,theeasieryoureverydaytaskswillseem.The more interestingtheplotis,themoreappealingthefilmwillbecometotheaudience.Sentencestructure7Heisnormallyaquietperson,butwhenitcomestosports,hebecomesacompletelydifferentman.WhenitcomestocomputersandtheInternet,allthestudentsbecomeexcited,eacheagertosaysomethingabouthisexperience.AFrenchmanmaybereadytostartachatwithastrangeronatrainorinacaf e,butwhenitcom(FrenchseemtobemorecautiousthantheBritish.Collocation8consciouseffort2.winningstrategy3.limitedchoice4.remotestidea5.temporarypain6.primaryroleCplexdecision9.limitedchoices10.consciouseffort11.naturallyprejudiced12.accumulatingevidenceUnit7TextBReadingskills:11.C2.B3.B4.AUnderstandingthetext21.D2.C3.A4.C5.D6.A 7.B 8.CCriticalthinking3*Similarities:family-oriented,busywithhousechores,cookmeals,takecareofchildren,cleanrooms,dolaundry*Helpandsupportthehusband*educationandbehavechildrenmorally*Maintaintheorderofhome.*Keepthefamilyhealthy*thehusband:Themanissupposedtohavemoreresponsibilitiesforhisfamilysincehephysicallystrongerthanhiswife.*Thewife:thewoman,tosomedegree,ismoreperseveredinovercomingdifficultiesandsheisalwaysfamily-oriented.*Both:Eventhoughtheysharedifferentfamilyresponsibilities,theybothplayimportantandindispensablepolesasparents,husbandorwife.Twoincomesarealwaysbetterthanjustone.*Advantages:abletotakegoodcareoffamily,includingtheirdietandhealth;morecommunicationwithfamily;helpchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.*Disadvantages:alotofstress,exhausted,lessawareoftheoutsideworld,losesocialcontact.*Workoutside:havemanycontacts,communicationwithmorepeople,beinformedoftheoutsideworld,beofmorehelpfinancially.*Stayhome:takebettercareoffamily,paymoreattentiontochildren,providehealthierfoodtofamily,keeptheroomsclean,helpthehusband/wife.Wpounded9.disgusting10.trimExpressionsinuse51. convertto 2.wasrevoltedby 3.wascomprisedof4.busiedhimselfwith5. fussedover6.isuniquein 7.exertingthemselves8.substitutedforSentencestructure6Havingnoideaabouttheirthoughtsandopinion,Iwouldratherfiveuptheattempttoguesswhattheirreactionwillbe.Toavoidmakingmistakes,Iwouldratherbehomealoneandnotcommunicatewithanybody.Theoldmanwouldratherbelivinginthepast,forthingsaremuchmoredifferenttodaythantheywereinthepast.Sentencestructure7Icouldn’tstandbadmannersandthoughtmyleavingwasanythingbutrude,soIgotthenesttrainbackhomeandlefthimthere.Theyusuallylookveryniceandevengenerous,butintermsofintegrity,theyareanythingbuthonest.Whenthetwoyoungpeoplegotmarried,maypeopleattendedtheweddingceremony,yetitwasanythingbutmodern.Warm-up1.strongurge2.Particularlydifficult3.Demandingjob4.makeconcessions5.Socialcontext6.Managementstyle8.1.plausible2.context3.management4.pleasantly5.great6.Strong7subtle8conflicting9personal10typically11diplomatically12vaguelyUnit8SectionAunderstandingthetext:Hebecameachildren ’sdoctorbecauseofthisloveforchildrenandhisstrongdesiretokeepthemhealthy.Heisthoughtofhavingnomoralcompass:Hetorturesinnocentanimalsforhiscareeradvancementandhisexperimentshavingnothingtodowithmedicine.Thepublicbarelywatches,convincedthattheissuehasnosignificancetothem,whilethesenatorandpoliticianscontinuetogivewaytothelobbyingofanimalrightsactivistsTheauthordoesnotreallyadmittheirmistake,butthetoneisapparentlyironic,criticizingthatthephysiciansweretoosofttorespondtotheanimalrightsactivists.Lifeiscrueltobothanimalsandhumanbeings.ifthephysiciandon ’tcreateananimalmodelofthhavetodoexperimentsonhumanbeings,orthemedicalknowledgewillremainstatic.Drugstocureinfectionwillremainundiscovered,surgicalanddiagnostictechniqueswillremainundeveloped,andfundamentalbiologicalprocesseswillremainmysteries.BecauseprotectionfromserioussicknessanddrugsaswellasmostcomplexsurgicalprocedureswereinitiallydevelopedinanimalsinsteadofhumanbeingsIfthemoreradicalmembersofthismovementaresuccessfulinthreateningfurtherresearch,theireffortswillbringaboutatragedythatwillcostthelivesofmanyhumanbeings.Languagefocus：wordinuse3.1.arresting2.omits3.optional4.transplanted5.hencetwisted7.stung8.minute9.imitate10.evilWerferencespecific1.B2.GWerferencespecific1.B2.G3.L6.D7.H8.NNewwordsformedthrillerscarcedeception2.invasion6.Deception4.K5.F9.E10.IspecificinvasionChenameof6.makeacontribution7.beenoccupiedwith8.tipthescales世界自然基金会（WWF）是一个致力于有关保护、研究和修复环境议题的国际性非政府组织。该组织最初于 1961年被命名为世界野生动物基金会。1986年，它更名为世界自然基金会，以更好地反映其活动范围。它是世界上最大的、独立的自然保护组织，拥有世界各地超过 500万的支持者，在 100多个国家开展工作，并援助约1,300个与自然和环境保护有关的项目。它的任务是阻止破坏地球的生态环境，建立一个能使人类与自然和谐相处的未来。目前，其大部分工作都集中在对海洋和海岸、森林、淡水的保护。在其他问题上，它也关注濒危物种，污染和气候变化。现在他们最需要的是资金，以履行其使命和处理与自然保护有关的突发事件。SincethefoundingofNewChina,especiallysincetheeconomicreformanddoor-openingtotheworld,theChinesegovernmenthasmadeconsiderableeffortsineco-environmentalprotectionandachievedeffectiveprogress.Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofimportantmeasurestoprotectandimprovetheecologicalenvironment,suchasactively15/16promotingkeyecologicalprojects,enhancingecosystemconstructionandbiodiversityconservations,establishinganumberofnaturereservation,ecologicaldemonstrationzones,scenicspotsandforestparks.Oneoftheimportantgoalsofbuildingasocialistharmonioussocietyistostrengthenecologicalprotectionandconstructionandtoachieveharmonybetweenmanandnature.Environmental