2019-2020学年黄浦区高考英语一模

黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷(完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分)2019年12月n.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Asleeponaplane:acaseforwindowseatsIlovetosleeponplanes,andIhaveanunusualabilitytosleepwellonthem.Therehaveevenbeenoneortwooccasions(21)Ihavefallenasleepbeforetakeoffandawakenedupontheimpactoflanding,nothavingrealizedwehadevenlefttheground.Sowhen(22)(book)myflights,Ialwayschoosethewindowseatwheneverpossible.Thisallowsmetoleanmysleepyheadagainstthewalloftheplaneforabit(23)(much)comfort.Some(24)arguethattheaisle(走廊)seatissuperiorforthelegspaceandtheabilitytogetoffswiftlyandeyethesnackcart.Butinreality,we'reillgettingourdrinksandsnacks(25)seconds.Also,Ifindthatifapersonknowshe'sinawindowseat,he'llchoosetousethebathroombeforeboardingsothathe(26)(notneed)todisturbhisneighbor,whichisjustconsiderate.Andhe'llseizetheopportunitytogetupwhenanotherseatmategetsupsothattheseatmateneedn'(27)(bother)morethanonce.Asaphotographerandvisuallyorientedperson,thewindowseatgivesmethebestviewsofcottonyclouds,oragreatsunset,orgoldensunrise,etc.Mostofall,(28)I'vebeenflyingforyears,Istillgetpleasureofseeingmydepartingcityorcountry(29)(shrink)intothedistance,andthebutterfliesinmystomachwhenIseethehorizonofmydestinationcomeintoview.Andthosefeelingsofadventureandexcitementare(30)keepmecomingback,flightafterflight,tomywindowseat.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accessB.ariseC.attachmentD.definitelyE.partnerF.potentialG.shapeH.stimulatedI.subconsciouslyJ.traditionalK.unbankedBeyondMobileMoney:TheFutureofAsia'sFinTechMobilemoneyhasbeenthehottestpartinfinancialtechnologyforthelastfewyears.ButFinTechismorethanjusthowpeoplestoremoneyandtransact（交易）--thespaceismuchmorehorizontal,shortcuttinghowwecreate,share,andprotectvalue.ThelatestproductofFinTechcompaniesto31inAsiaPacificillustratesthemanywaysthespacecanhelpconsumersbeyondjusttheirmobilewallet.Itisimportantforallbusinesspersonstobeawareofthesetrends,astheirsuccessopensupallsortsofpossibilitiesforcompaniesto_32_jwiththem.And,onamuchdeeperlevel,newFinTechsmay33consumerexpectationsinevenothertechindustries.TheSmart-phoneEmergesaCredit-ScoringStandardWithclosetohalfabillion_34.consumersinSoutheastAsiaalone,thereisanentireindustryofFinTechsdevotedtofindingwaystoaccuratelydeterminetheircredit-worthinesstogivethem_35_tofinance.Unfortunately,sincetheydon'havebankaccounts,suchFinTechscannotrelyon36financialinformationorcreditcardpayments.Onecreditscoringsourceemergingasanewstandardinthefieldissmart-phone-basedcreditscoring.Ithas37broadglobalsupport,includingfromthelikesoftheWorld-Bank.Inoneofitsreports,theAsianDevelopmentBankevenstatedthatmobiledatawasakeytofinancial-38_,asitcouldimprovecustomerrecording,and,inturn,getanaccesstocredit.AICombineswiththeWisdomoftheCrowdThemostcommonsloganintoday'stechheadlinesisthe“artificialintelligence.arefascinatedwithhowAIhasthe_39Jtotransformeveryconsumerandenterprise（企业）industry.WhilesuchfocusisappropriatethatAIwill_40_changetheworld,itleavesoutacrucialelementthatwillgohand-in-handwithitsrise:thewisdomofthecrowd.出.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Endangeredlanguagescanbefoundthroughouttheworld.Manylanguagesnowhavefewerthan100orevenfewerthan10speakers.Thecrisisisnotlimitedtoremoteregionsoftheworld.WhenEuropeansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica,312differentlanguageswere_41_,ofwhich123arenowknowntobeextinct.Ofthe42_languages,mostspeakersaregrandparentsandgreat-grandparents.Differentresearchersofferdifferentdefinitionsof“endan43red”.ThesystemofusedbytheCatalogueofEndangeredLanguagesevaluateslanguagesinfourareas:the44ofallthespeakers,howoftenthelanguageisconveyedtothenext45,therateatwhichitislosingspeakersandthe」46—inwhichitisused.Basedonthisdata,languagesarerankedonasix-pointscalefrom"safe"toaseverelyendangered."Themidpoint,aendangered"referstol(withbetween100and1,000speakerswhorepresentabouthalfofthelanguage'scommunityorethnicgroup.Thelanguageisspokenonlybysomeparents,ofwhomveryfewteachittotheirchildren.Itis47usedathomeandisnottaughtinschoolsorusedforgovernmentbusiness.Languagesbecomeendangeredduetoanumberof_48_factorsincludingglobalization,economics,technology,educationpolicy,andchangesin_49attitudes.Astheforcesofglobalizationmaketheworldmoreinterconnected,previously_50_languagecommunitiescomeunderpressuretoparticipateinalargereconomy,whichmeanslearningthearea'majoritylanguage.―51Tlocalschoolsoftenbegintoteachthemajoritylanguageinsteadofthelocaltongue.Locallanguagesalso_52_ascommunitiesadoptmobilephonesandcomputersmostofwhichrunonsoftwarethathasbeentranslatedintoonlyahandfuloflanguages.Thistrend_53LasthesedevicesconnectuserstotheInternet.Atthispoint,manycommunitiesundergoacultural54__inwhichparentsnolongervaluethelanguageenoughtoteachittotheirchildren.Initiativesto_55_endangeredlanguageshavebecomemorenumerousinrecentyears.Theseeffortstendtofocusontwomainareas:thedocumentationofendangeredlanguages,andeffortstoincreasetheuseofendangeredlanguagesamongyoungerspeakersandinthecommunityatlarge.

41.A.athandB.atriskC.inuseD.inview42.A.ancientB.evolvingC.localD.surviving43.A.assessmentB.classificationC.descriptionD.research44.A.ageB.backgroundC.numberD.religion45.A.committeeB.centuryC.generationD.government46.A.contentB.occupationsC.situationsD.themes47.A.advisedlyB.efficientlyC.primarilyD.rarely48.A.balancingB.complicatingC.historicalD.interrelated49.A.culturalB.mentalC.moralD.religious50.A.foreignB.informalC.isolatedD.national51.A.ForexampleB.IncontrastC.InresponseD.Viceversa52.A.boomB.developC.disappearD.suffer53.A.ceasesB.changesC.increasesD.starts54.A.differenceB.influenceC.shiftD.variety55.A.enrichB.purifyC.refreshD.standardizeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)ManyofChina'asncientarchitecturaltreasuressmashedtodustbeforeLinHuiyinandLiangSichengbegandocumentingtheminthe1930s.ThehusbandandwifeteamwereamongthefirstpreservationiststooperateinChina,andbyfarthebestknown.Theireffortshavesinceinspiredgenerationsofpeopletospeakoutforarchitecturethreatenedbytherushtowarddevelopment.BecomingChina'bestarchitecturalhistorianswasnoeasyaccomplishment.Thebuildingstheywantedtosavewerecenturiesoldlocatedindistantpartsofthecountry.Inmanycases,theyhadtojourneythroughdangerousconditionsintheChinesecountrysidetoreachthem.ExploringChina'remoteareasduringthe1930smeanttravelingmuddy,poorlymaintainedroadsbymule(骡子)oronfoot.Innswereoftendirtyfoodcouldbepolluted,andtherewasalwaysriskorviolencefromrebels,soldiersandrobbers.TheirgreatestdiscoverywastheTempleofBuddha'Light,inWutaiCounty,ShanxiProvince.Thebreathtakingwoodentemplewasbuiltin857A.D.,makingittheoldestbuildingknowninChinaatthetime.LiangandLincrawledintothetemple'mostforbidding,forgottenareastodetermineitsage,includingonehideawayinhibitedbythousandsorbatsandmillionsofbedbugs,coveredindustandlitteredwithdeadbats."Incompletedarknessandamongtheawfulsmell,hardlybreathing,withthickmaskscoveringournosesandmouths,wemeasured,drew,andphotographedwithflashlightsforseveralhours.Whenatlastwecameouttotakeabreathoffreshair,wefoundhundredsofbedbugsinourbag.Weourselveshadbeenbadlybitten.Yettheimportanceandunexpectednessofourfindmadethosethehappiesthoursofmyyearshuntingforancientarchitecture."Liandwroteoftheexperienceinanaccountincludedin“LiangandLin;PartneExploringChina'ArchitectualPast.”Ontheirwaytotheancientbuildingsin1930s,LiangandLinfacedfollowingrisksEXCEPTA.accommodationsB.personalsecurityC.roadconditionsD.vehiclesLiangandLinraisedpublicawarenessof.A.documentingsmashedhistoricalbuildingsB.rebuildinghistoricallyvaluablebuildingsC.savingtheoldesttemplesinChinaD.Protectinghistoricalbuildings.WhileexploringtheTempleofBuddha'Light,LiangandLincaughtinsectswithawfulsmell.LiangandLinwereforbiddentobreatheinsideLiangandLinwerepleasedatsomethingunhopedforLiangandLindetermineditsagebystudyingbedbughideawaysWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CreativenessresultsindiscoveryB.DifficultyproducesachievementC.EffortscontributetohappinessD.Responsibilitiesmakedevelopment(B)HPENVYPhoto7155All-in-OnePrinterSpecialoffers:Freeshipping!Print,Scan,Copy,Web,PhotoPrintspeedISO:Upto14ppmblack,upto9ppmcolorGofrommemorycardtophotoprintoutwitheaseInstantInkready;Highyieldinkavailable$99.99AddtocartShipswithinIbusinessdayProduct#K7G93A#B1HForexpertadvice,pricematching,orhelpwithorders,call1-866-625-6132.ProtectyourDevice•1YearStandardWarrantyIncludedwithanHPCarePackO2YearNextDayExchangeENVY5055,6255,7155$18.00HPRecommendsO3YearNextDayExchangeENVY5055,6255,7155$25.00FeaturesSpecsInk&PaperSupportSpecialoffersReviewsGettrue-to-lifephotosandincreasedadaptability.Producetruecolors,andsetup,connect,andprintrightfromyourmobiledevice.Gofrommemorycardtophotoprintoutwithease.HPPhotoandDocumentAll-in-OnePrintersaredesignedforfamiliesandotherhomeuserswhowantadevicecapableofprintingeverythingfromdocuments,emailsandwebpagestorich,brightlab-qualityphotos-withcopyandscantoolstoo.Activesecurityenabledprinter.IntendedtobeusedwithcontainersusingonlyHPoriginalelectronicelectricalsystem.Containerswithmodifiedornon-HPelectroniccircuitrymaynotwork,andthosethatworktodaymaynotworkinthefuture.TwiceasmanyphotosPrintuptotwiceasmanypageswithOriginalHPhigh-yieldinkcontainers.HP64inkcontainersdelivertruecolorssoallyourprintswillshine.Createsplendidborderlessphotosandleaflets--rightinyourhome.ThePowerofyourprinterinyourhandPrintingphotosjustgoteasier-fromsocialmedia,thecloud,andyourcamera-rollgallery.Amazingscanning,nowonyoursmart-phone.Scanandsharetoemailorthecloud-fromvirtuallyanywhere.Orderinginkhasneverbeeneasier-directlythroughtheapp.Easilyprintphotosandeverydaydocumentsdirectlyfromyoursmart-phoneortablet.AnewlevelofwirelessconnectivityyoucancountonGetsimpleWi-Fisetupinminutes,andstartprintingfast.Return&exchangeinformationHP.comwillacceptreturnsorexchangesforthisproductupto30daysafterdelivery.Arestockingfeemayapply.Whichstatementistrueofthistypeofprinter?Itisaportableprinterdesignedforhomeandofficeuse.Itisamulti-functionprinterproducinghigh-qualityphotos.Itisaneasy-operationprinterwithatwo-yearfreecarepack.Itisawireless-connectedprinterprotectedbymodifiedcontainers.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeitscontainer"inkA.AdaptableB.Automatic.C.Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.Ifyouorderthistypeofprinteronlinetoday,.A.youwillreceiveittomorrowB.youcanreturnitwithoutbeingchargedC.youcangetacarepackondiscountD.youcansave$80.(C)Riskissomethingwefacedaily.However,somepeopleareobviouslymorewillingtotakerisksthanothers.Biologistsappeartohavediscoveredaphysicalreasonthatexplainswhysomepeoplearerisk-takers.Dopamineisaneurotransmitter,achemicalthatspreadssignalsbetweennervecells.Itislinkedtothebrainsrewardsystemandisthechemicalthatmakesusfeelgood,andscientistsbelieveittobeinkedtorisk-taking.Ournervecellshavedopaminereceptors(接收器)whichcontroltheamountofdopaminethateachcellreceives.Butnotallreceptorsmaybeactive.Whenapersonhadfewactivereceptorstocontroltheamountofdopaminethatisreceived,acellcanbecomefloodedresultinginanextremefeelingofhappiness.researchersatVanderbiltUniversityandAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineasked34menandwomentocompleteaquestionnaireabouttheirrisktakingtoassesswhethertheyseeknewopportunitiesorarecautiousinlife.Theresultsoftheresearchwereconsistentwithsimilarstudiescarriedoutwithrats,andhadthesameoutcome.Itconcludedthatpeoplewhoarerisk-takershavefewerdopaminereceptorsthanpeoplewhoarenot.Thissuggeststhattherushofpleasurearisktakerreceiveswhenacellbecomesfloodedwithdopaminecanbecomeaddictiveforsomepeople.Theythereforepursuenewandexcitingactivitiesinordertotrytorepeatthisfeeling,andasaresulttheirconcernforriskbecomesconsiderablereduced.Dopaminegivesusabiologicalreasonforrisk-taking,butscientistsbelievetheremaybepsychologicalreasonstoo.Sensation-seekingisapersonalitycharacteristicthatdescribesthedesiretofindactivitiesthatbringuspleasure.In1964,psychologistMarvinZuckermancreatedthesensation-seekingscale.His40-itemquestionnaire,stillusedtoday,wasgiventopeoplewhowereactiveinseekingnewactivities,andtopeoplewhoweremoresatisfiedwithaquietlife.Whilerisk-takingisnotacharacteristicinitself,itisverymuchassociatedwithsensation-seeking,asahighsensation-seekerdoesnotevaluateriskinthesamewaythatalowsensation-seekerdoes.adesiretoachievepleasuremeansthatthereisagreaterwillingnesstotakemorerisks.Therearebothbiologicalandpsychologicalexplanationsastowhysomepeoplemaychoosetotakemorerisksthanothers.However,noneoftheseexplanationsaredefinitive.Ifapersonhasfeweractivedopaminereceptors..heislesslikelytofeelhappyheismorewillingtotakeriskshewilleventuallybecomedopamine-addictiveheispooreratcontrollingtheamountofdopamineTheunderlinedphraseaconsistentwithto""isclosestinmeaning.A.contrarytoB.inagreementwithC.atthecostofD.persistentinWhatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph4?Thelongingforpleasuremayleadtorisktaking.Awillingnesstotakemoreriskscanbecultivated.Thesensation-seekingscalecanhelptoevaluaterisk.Highsensation-seekersaremorecommonthanlowones.ThispassagemainlytalksaboutA.whenwelearntotakerisksB.howrisk-takingbenefitsusC.whatmakesrisk-takersD.whyweshouldtakerisksSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Manyoptionsrequirecity-levelinvestmentinnewfacilities.However,itisnotyetclearwhichtechnologiesandfuelscitieswillback.Throughtheiractions,citygovernmentstodayarehelpingtoshapethecitiesofthefuture.Forexample,Londonisrequiringallnewlylicensedtaxistobezero-emissioncapablefrom2018.Cityplannersareusingtransport-orienteddevelopmenttoincreasedensitywhilemaintainingqualityoflifeandpropertyvalue.Somecities,suchasDelhi,areinvestingheavilyincreatingthemasstransportsystemsneededtochangehowcitizenstravel.SustainableTransportinCitiesTransporthasalwaysshapedcities.InMedievaltimescrossroadsgavebirthtobloomingmarkettowns.ManyNorthAmericancitieswerecreatedforthecar.Buthowarethecitiesoftodaybeingshapedbyaneedformoresustainabletransport?Manylocalgovernmentsarespeedingupchangethroughpolicyinitiativessuchasjoinedtransport,congestionchargesandlowemissionzones,sustainablegainingandlife-cyclecosting,andopeningdatauptocompaniesandacademics.Andthesecitylevelpoliciescanmovemarketsinmoresustainabledirections.67Thisharesultedinfivevehiclemanufacturerscommittingtomeetingthatdeadline,whichisbothintheirowncommercialinterestsandgoodfortheenvironment.Theleastdensecities,forexample,Houston,havepercapita（人均价）carbonemissionsnearlytentimeshigherthanthedensest,suchasSingapore.68Thisinvolvesgatheringmixedusedevelopmentsaroundakeytransportcenter,aswiththeKLCentralareainKualaLumpur,builtaroundthelargestrailwaystationinSoutheastAsia.69Othersareusingmotivationsandbehaviouralchangetoencouragepeopleto9/12choosemoreefficient--andoftenhealthier--formsoftransport.CopenhagenhasanumberofprogressivecyclingpoliciesincludingtheGreenWave,whichallowspeoplecyclingat20km/htohitallgreenlightsduringrushhour.Lightweighingandnewengineandfueltechnologiesarehelpingtomakeexistingroadandrailvehiclesmoreefficient.70_Themainoptionsarehydrogenfuelcells,fossilfuelhybrids,andelectricvehicles,andthebestsolutionmaywellvaryfromcitytocity.N.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Online“friends--a'threattodevelopmentTheimpactoftechnologyonthenatureofourfriendshipshasbeenamuch-debatedtopicsincethedramaticriseofsocialnetworks.Advancesinmobiletechnologyandsocialnetworkingwebsitesmeanwespendmoretimeonlinethaneverbefore.Itisthereforenotsurprisingthatsomanypsychologists,sociologists,andothersareeagertogivetheirthoughtsonhowthisisimpactingnegativelyonoursociety.Thereisoneelementofsocialnetworkingthatisdeeplyworrying.Wefindourselvesinahyper-connectedworldwherepeopleaccesssocialmediadayandnight,excitedtomakeannouncementsaboutthetiniestdetailsofth