Unit 4 Natural Disasters知识拓展评价单学案-高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

高中有效教学学习单高一年级英语组设计第页必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters知识拓展评价单课题：languagepointsI.时文阅读Anearthquakeofmagnitude6.8struckamountainousareainthewestofChina'sSichuanprovince.Theepicentre（震中）waslocatedatthetownofLudingatadepthof16kilometers,about180kmsouthwestofSichuan'scapitalChengdu.SomenetizensfromasfarawayasChangshaandXi'ansaidtheyhadfeltthequakeofSichuan.What'sworse,minuteslater,asecondquakewithamagnitudeof4.2struckthecityofYa'annearLuding.

Istherealinkbetweenunusualanimalbehaviorsandearthquakeevents?

In2020,researchersmanagedtopreciselymeasureincreasedactivityinagroupoffarmanimalspriortoseismic（地震的）activity.Thoughadefinitivelinkhasstillnotbeenproved,thescientistssaytheirfindingsareasignificantstepforwardinthesearchofone.II.单元核心知识点slide(slid,slid)(1)vi/vt（使）滑行，滑动;（使）悄悄移动/到溜进溜出（…）Heslidinto/outoftheroomwhilenoonewaslooking.slide（sth）into/out(of…)把塞进/掏出Heslidthemoneyintohispocket.(2)[C]幻灯片I’mstillworkingontheslidesformypresentation.2.flood(1)vi.淹没，大量涌入vt使灌满水；淹没涌进Telephonecallscamefloodinginfromalloverthecountry.Refugeescontinuetofloodintoneighbouringcountries.Ifthepipebursts,itcouldfloodthewholehouse.(2)[C]洪水，水灾；大量大量的We’vehadafloodofinquiries.3.rescue(1)[C/U]营救；救援rescueteam/workers/boatcometo/gotosb.'srescue=rescuesb(2)vi营救；救援rescuesb./sth.from...Duringthedisaster,therescueteamwillcometomanypeople'srescue,nevergivingupanyhopeofrescuingthemfromdanger.4.damage(1)[U]损坏；破坏cause/dodamagetoDamagecausedbytheearthquakeisveryterrible.Eatingtoomuchmeatatatimewillcause/dodamagetoyourstomach.(2)vt损害；破坏damageone'sreputation/healthdestroyv.破坏（不能修复）毁坏n.destructiondamage损坏（还可修复）5.death[C]死亡数，死亡人口[U]死亡dievdeadadjAtrafficaccidentoccurredinthestreetyesterday,causingtwodeaths.dieagloriousdeathburythedeadbesentenced/burnt/starved/frozentodeath6.affectvt影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动被感动Thenoisefromthecomingandgoingcarsoftheroadaffectedourstudy.Thediseaseisbeginningtoaffecthereyesight.Mostpeoplepresentatthemeetingweregreatly/deeplyaffectedbyhisspeech.effect[C/U]效果，影响havean/noeffect...[C/U]结果causeandeffect因与果[U]效力，有效ineffect实行，生效affection[C/U]喜爱，钟爱Theyfeltagreataffectionforher.7.shelter(1)[U]避难，保护[C]避难所takeshelterfromundertheshelteroffood,clothing,andshelter衣，食，住[U]Peopletookshelterfromtheshowerinthestore.Theyofferedatemporaryshelterforthehomelessman.(2)vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避shelter...from...shelterfrom...Thetreesshelterthefieldfromthecoldwind.Wesatintheshade,shelteringfromthesun.8.ruin(1)[U]毁灭；荒废；破产theruinofcivilization[C]（常用复数）废墟，残骸，遗迹be/lieinruinsThewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeusawakeallnight.(2)vt破坏，毁坏ruinsth/sbruinone'shealth/fame/futureHeavysmokingruinsyourhealth,soyoushouldgiveupsmoking.9.shock(1)[U]休克；打击；震惊；[C]令人震惊的事inshockHelookedatmeinshock.Hisdeathwasagreatshocktousall.(2)vt/vi(使)震惊；震动shocksb使某人震惊beshockedat/by对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth.做某事很震惊beshockedthat...很震惊…Iwasshockedtohearthatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.Thenewsofhissuddendeathissoshockingthateveryoneisshockedatit.10.trap(1)vt使落入险境；使陷入圈套betrappedintrapsbintodoingsth.Theytrappedhimintomakingawrongdecision.(2)[C]陷阱，困境setatrapfallintoatrap11.buryvt埋葬；安葬buryone'sfaceinhands双手掩面buryoneselfin/beburiedinBuryingherfaceinherhands,thelittlegirlwasafraidtoseetheterriblescene.Buriedinhisstudy,hedidn’tnoticeme.12.breathevi/vt呼吸breathe(sth)in/out吸气（吸入sth）/呼气（呼出sth）Thedoctortoldmetobreatheinandthenbreatheout.breath[C/U]takeadeepbreathholdone’sbreathoutofbreathtakeone’sbreathaway（漂亮的东西或令人激动的事情）令人屏息breathtakingadj.令人屏息的，令人惊叹的13.effort(1)[C/U]努力sparenoeffort(s)todosthmakean/everyefforttodosthIdobelievethatallyoureffortswillpayoffsoonerorlater.AsfarasI'mconcerned,youshouldmakeagreaterefforttostudyhard.I'mmakingeveryefforttoachievemylifedream.(2)[U]力气，精力Ittakesefforttodosth做某事费力Ittakesalotofefforttofindhim.14.suffervt遭受；蒙受(suffer不用于被动语态)sufferpains/hardshipThecompanysufferedagreatlossasaresultoftheaccident.vi(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦sufferfromaheadache/badcoldAsfarasIknow,hehaseversufferedfromaseriousillness.sufferer[C]受苦者，受难者，患病者suffering[C/U](肉体或内心的)痛苦，苦难15.supply(1)[C/U]供应/给(量)Ourwoodsupplyprovednotenough.[pl]日用（必须）品school/medicalsupplies(2)vt供应；供给supplysthsbsupplysbsthThegovernmenthassuppliedplentyoffoodandclothestothelocalpeoplesincetheearthquakevidesbsth/providesthsboffersbsth/offersthsb16.survive(1)vi/vt幸存(于)survive(in)Herparentsdiedintheaccident,butshesurvived.Hesurvived(in)theearthquake.(2)vt比…活得长Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.survival(1)[U]幸存；继续生存thesurvivalofthefittest(2)[C]幸存物；残存物Theceremonyisasurvivalfrompre-Christiantimes.survivorn.幸存者，生还者17.power[C/U]权力；能力，本领havethepowertodosthin/withinone'spowerbeyond/outofone'spower政权inpower执政，当权(强调状态)cometopower[U]能，动力powerfailure[C]大国，强国ameetingofworldpowers[U]威力，力量thepoweroftheexplosionvt给（机器）提供动力solar-powered太阳能驱动的Thecameraispoweredbyasmallbattery.powerfuladj强大的，强有力的powerfulnationsapowerfulargument有说服力的论据18.calm(1)vt&vi(使)平静；(使)镇定calmdowncalmsbdownCalmdown!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Calmyourselfdown;youshouldnotbesoexcited.(2)adj平静的；镇静的；沉着的keepcalm19.aid(1)[C]辅助设备teachingaids教具[U]帮助；援助；资助firstaidkitdo/offer/give/perform/carryoutfirstaidtosbinaidof...用以帮助…come/gotoone’saidwiththeaidofsb.=withsb'saidTheyraisemoneyinaidofthehomeless.HewasabletoprovetheexistenceofJackwiththeaidofphotos.(2)vt帮助；援助aidsbindoingsth/aidsbtodosth/aidsbwithsthOnsundaysweshouldaidourparentstodohousework.20.crash(1)[C]撞车事故，飞机失事(2)vt/vi碰撞，撞击；（电脑）崩溃；（飞机）坠毁Filescanbelostifthesystemsuddenlycrashes.Theplanecrashedsecondsafterthepilotreportedenginetrouble.Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothebackofabus.（撞到…上）21.sweep（swept.swept）vt/vi打扫，清扫sweep(up)thebrokenglassShewassweeping(up)intheyard.vt/vi（风、浪、火）扫过,掠过；风行,迅速传播Thunderstormssweptthecountry.Awaveofnationalismsweptthecountry.Awaveoffearsweptoverhim.sweepawayManyhousesweresweptawaybythefloods.22.strike(struck,struck)(1)vt[正式用语]打；撞击Theshipstruckarock.Theboyfell,strikinghisheadontheedgeofthetable.(2)vi/vt(时钟等)敲响；报(时)Thechurchclockbegantostriketwelve.vi/vt(不幸等)突然降临；突然袭击bestruckbyLastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods.Shewaspracticingsurfingwhenasharkstruck.(4)vt[不用于进行时](使)突然想到/意识到Thesolutionstruckmeimmediately.Itstrikessb+that从句Itstruckmethatwemighthavemadethewrongdecision.(5)vt给…以某种印象Wewerestruckbyherkindness.Whatstruckmemostwastheenthusiasmofthelocalpeople.(6)vi罢工Thebusdriverswerestrikingformoremoney.strikeabalanceHefounditdifficulttostrikeabalancebetweenhisfamilyandhiswork.strikeadealstrikefear/terrorintosb'sheartstrike[C]&[U]罢工goonstrikestrickenadj遭受…的，受…之困的earthquake-strickenareas地震灾区striker[C]罢工者；(足球的)前锋；(棒球的)击球手strikingadj惊人的；显著的；引人注目的astrikingcontrast鲜明的对比23.delivervt./vi.递送，传达deliversth.tosb.Leafletshavebeendeliveredtoeveryhousehold.Wepromisetodeliverwithin48hours.vt发表Shedeliveredalectureongeneticengineering.vt接生deliverababydelivery[U/C]递送，递送的物品adeliveryserviceadeliveryman24.summary[C]总结，概括，概要Thefollowingisasummaryofourconclusions.I’vegivenabriefsummaryonaseparatesheet.我把摘要写在单独一页上。insummary=tosumupInsummary,thiswasasuccessfulperformance.adj.总结性的，概括的，概要的makeasummaryreportsummarizevt/i总结，概括，概述=sum(sth.)up25.asif[P50教材原文]Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!asif意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，相当于asthough，常用在动词look,seem，feel等词之后引导表语从句。如果从句表示的情况接近事实，从句用陈述语气；反之，如果从句表示的情况与事实相反，或者是不可能发生，从句用虚拟语气。Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.(1)asif/asthough也常引导方式状语从句，如果从句所表达的不是真实情况，常用虚拟语气。Shetreatshimasifhewereastranger.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?(2)asif状从的省略Heraisedhishandasif(hewas)tocommandsilence.26.[教材P54]IwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingTestmyhome.bedoing…when…正在做…这时beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做…这时…hadjustdone...when...刚刚做完…这时…IwaswatchingTVwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.Shewasaboutto/wasonthepointofgoingoutwhenthetelephonerang.Ihadjustcomeoutofthekitchenwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.27.[教材P55]Asummaryshouldbearoundonethirdthelengthoftheoriginaltext.倍数的三种表达方法（1）倍数+as···as···（2）倍数+比较级+than···（3）倍数+thesize/length/width/height/age等名词+of···Thisballisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Thisballisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.Thisballisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.Themousecaneatthreetimesitsweight.III.词形转化1.v摧毁，毁灭→（过去式）→n破坏，毁灭→adj破坏性的，毁灭性的2.vt疏散，撤出vi.撤离→n疏散，撤出，撤退3.n电，电能→adj电的，电动的，用电的→adj与电有关的→adj电子的4.n死；死亡→vt/vi死→adj.死的5.n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克→vt(使)震惊→adj震惊的→adj令人震惊的6.vi/vt呼吸→n呼吸7.vt/vi复活；(使)苏醒→n振兴；复苏8.vi/vt统一；(使)成一体→adj.联合的9.n.智慧，才智adj智慧的，明智的10.vt遭受；蒙受vi(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→n苦难11.vi/vt(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→n爆发12.vi生存；存活vt幸存；艰难度过→n幸存者；生还者→n幸存13.n电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→adj强有力的；有影响力的14.vt/vi传达；递送vt发表→n递送15.n总结；概括；概要→vt总结；概括16.n影响；结果；效果→adj有效的17.n长；长度→vi/vt(使)变长→adj长的18.adj意识到的，知道的→n意识，知道19.adj安全的→n安全20.v缓和，减轻；使松一口气；使轻松→n减轻，缓和；宽慰21.v给予（某人）动机，刺激，激发→n动机Ⅳ.教材基础短语及表达1._______________自然灾害2._______________提高意识3._______________安全措施4._______________救灾工作5._______________在洪灾区6._______________救援队7._______________________