历年高考宾语从句

资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：高考英语宾语从句一、关联词

关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which）2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：

1.Idon’tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what。

2.Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom。

3.Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后跟有代词，可省略that。

4.Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。

5.Idon’tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定语，用what或which。

6.Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已经……）”等含义，用whether或if。

7.I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.强调是否对比时，用连词whether。

例1Acomputercanonlydo

_____youhaveinstructedittodo.

A.how

B.afterC.what

D.when

例2Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.why

B.whatC.who

D.that

例3Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.

A.where

B.howC.what

D.which

例4Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.

A.inwhich

B.inwhat

C.fromwhat

D.fromwhich

例5Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.

A.what

B.whichC.why

D.while

二、语序

以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。

例6Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.

A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike

例7Thebosswentuptoask_____.

A.whatthematterwasB.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris

三、时态

宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:1.如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；2.如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.3.当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.

例8Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.

A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.

A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon—

No,butsometimesIwishI_________.

A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、宾语从句的减缩式

宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。

例11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.

A.expected

B.toexpectC.tobeexpecting

D.expects

例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows________.

A.itwhattodowith

B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit

D.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidn’tknow_____toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.

A.who

B.when

C.how

D.what

五、宾语从句的特殊式

1.复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：

Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.（whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho）

ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.（whatever=anythingthat）

Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Ican’trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。

2.it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。

（1）动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：

Ithinkitimportantthatyou（should）attendtheconference.

（2）动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：

Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.

（3）动词+it+介词+thatclause。常见的有：oweittosb.+thatclause（把……归功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把……留给某人去做），takeitforgranted

+thatclause（想当然），keepitinmind

+thatclause（记住……）。如：

Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe’dalwaysbearound.

（4）动词+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.

3.含宾语从句的反意疑问句。

当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：

Briantoldyouthattherewasn’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn’the?

当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think

/

believe

/

suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：

Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?

4.两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词that可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：Hetoldme（that）theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.

5.主语+be+形容词+clause。如：I’mafraidthatIcan’tpromiseyouanything.

例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.

A.whichever

B.howeverC.whatever

D.whenever例15_____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.

A.Who

B.Theone

C.Anyone

D.Whoever例16I’dappreciate_______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

A.that

B.it

C.this

D.you例17—Idon’tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSA______you

—______.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.

A.had;Yes

B.do;YesC.have;No

D.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_______hewasamanofaction.

A.which

B.thatC.what

D.whether宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用（1）Idon’tknow___________ornot．A．whetherheisathomeB．ifheisathomeC．thatheisathomeD．whetherisheathome（2）Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine．A．whichB．whetherC．ifD．that（3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin．A．whichB．whereC．ifD．that（4）Idon’tknow________Mr．Greenwillcometoseeus．He’llhelpuswithourEnglish．A．whyB．whenC．howD．where（5）－－Becareful！Don’tbreakthebottles．Doyouhear______IsaidDavid

－－Yes，MumA．whatB．thatC．whyD．if（6）－－－Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?－－－HemayliveatNO．18orNo．19ofBridgeStreet．I’mnotsureof______．A．where，whichB．where，whatC．what，whichD．what，where（7）Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo．Ireallydon’tknow_____．A．whatshouldIchooseB．whichIshouldchooseC．whichshouldIchooseD．whatIshouldchoose类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）Didyoufindout______A．shewaslookingforwhosechildB．whosechildwasshelookingforC．whosechildsheislookingforD．whosechildshewaslookingfor（2）Areyouinterestedin_____A．howdidhedoitB．hedidithowC．howhediditD．hehowdidit（3）Idon’tknow_____．Canyoutellme?A．howthetwoplayersareoldB．howoldarethetwoplayersC．thetwoplayersarehowoldD．howoldthetwoplayersare（4）－－－Whatdidthescientistsay?－－－Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday．A．hehadtoflyB．hecouldflyC．canheflyD．couldhefly（5）Excuseme，sir．Couldyoutellme____A．WherethebanknearestB．whereisthenearestbankC．wherethenearestbankisD．thenearestbankiswhere（6）SheaskedTom________withhiscar?A．whatthematterwasB．whatthematterisC．whatwasthematterD．whatisthematter类型三：时态（1）It’s7：30．Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet，Sally．A．haven’tstartedB．didn’tC．don’tstartD．hadn’tstarted（2）TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25____ChristmasDay．A．isB．wasC．hasbeenD．willbe（3）Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun．A．goesB．goC．wentD．willgo（4）We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam．A．havepassedB．hadpassedC．passD．willpass（5）“Couldyoutellme______”“Yes．They____tothelibrary．”A．wherearethetwins，havebeenB．wherewerethetwins，havebeenC．wherethetwinsare，havegoneD，wherethetwinswere，havegone（6）Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek．A．willbuyB．haveboughtC．wouldbuyD．buys（7）Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday．A．goesB．willgoC．wentD．havegone类型四：其他－－－反意疑问句，it做形式宾语（1）．Idon’tthinkheisright，__________A．isn’theB．isheC．doID．don’tI（2）．Hebelievessheisright，__________A．doesn’theB．doesheC．issheD．isn’tshe（3）．Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball，__________A．didn’theB．didheC．didID．didn’tI（4）．Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday．A．itB．thisC．thatD．what（5）．Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift．A．howtheywereexcitedB．howexcitedtheywereC．howexcitedweretheyD．theywerehowexcited高考题1．—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—Theyalwaysletmedo________IthinkIshould．（06全国Ⅱ）A．whenB．thatC．howD．what2．Pleaseremindme_________hesaidhewasgoing．Imaybeintimetoseehimoff．A．whereB．whenC．howD．what（06全国Ⅰ）3．Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame．（05全国卷）A．whyB．whatC．whoD．that4．SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee________．（2000上海）A．whoisheB．whoheisC．whoisitD．whoitis5．——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime．——Whatdoyouconsider_______toher（NMET1990）A．washappeningB．tohappenC．hashappenedD．happening答案类型一：ABABACB类型二DCDBCC类型三AAAACCC类型四BAAAB高考题DBADC例题解析：例1解析：待选项在从句中充当todo的宾语，故选C。例2解析：由于从句中句意清楚，结构完整，故可排除B、C项；D项用于宾语从句时只起引导词的作用，无词义，同时不充当任何成分，而题干上下文表示因果关系，故选A。例3解析：根据句子结构，for后面的从句缺少主语，故答案为C。例4解析：答案为C。本题为词组bedifferentfrom后跟what引导的宾语从句，不要误看作定语从句而选D。例5解析：由句式结构可知mention后为宾语从句；do作实意动词时为及物动词，故空格处需要既能作do的宾语，又能引导宾语从句的连词，答案为A。

例6解析：B项是特殊疑问句语序，有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D项句法、句意均不妥；A项是陈述句语序，故正确。例7解析：A项易被判断成陈述句语序，颇具迷惑性。实际上，从句中的what作主语，was为系动词，thematter是表语。B、D项时态错误，C项正确。

例8解析：本题主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的事件先于主句的事件发生，且是被动，故选B。例9解析：根据关键词soon可知动作尚未发生，又因主句谓语动词made为过去时，故选B。例10解析：答案为D。wish后接宾语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟形式。

例11解析：宾语从句减缩式“疑问词+不定式”是解题关键。选项C是不定式的进行时，强调动作“正在进行”，不符合题意，故选B。例12解析：“疑问词+不定式”作及物动词know的宾语，选项中it代替了theland，故正确答案为C。例13解析：B、C、D项的疑问词用错，故选A。

例14解析：本题考查的引导词引导宾语从句，同时作get的宾语。B、D两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物，故A项也不合适；答案为C。例15解析：whoever=anyone（anybody/anyperson/he）who，答案为D。例16解析：答案为B。某些动词和动词短语（如appreciate，like，hate，seeto等）后面不能直接带从句，往往需先插入it再带that，if或when引导的从句。例17解析：本句带有推测的意味，疑问部分的谓语不能用情态动词。couldhavebeen表示对过去的推测，故疑问部分的谓语应用were与之对应，应选D。例18解析：因从句hewasamanofaction为主系表结构，且表达肯定意义，不缺少句子成分，故选B项。高中宾语从句练习题及答案详解1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______

A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfoundedA.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherdayA.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountryA.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburnA.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweekA.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2．C."和谁讲话”要说speaktosb.本题全句应为DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则theone应该视为先行词。9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定语从句中作状语,即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在从句中作状语.12.D.withwhom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用sucha……..,本题中suchbooks,such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句,whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich25.A.forwhich引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语befamousfor"以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。29.D.forwhich在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why来替代.30.B.whichIhavelookedafter构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.Thereasonwhy…wasthat….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.bothofwhich用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.hemakes是定语从句,从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定语从句.41.A.whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是whoowncars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是Thenumberof指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44.D.thatfollowed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。46.B.throughwhich引导定语从句，throughwhich即throughthehole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。49.C.因为是twoballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的hasbeen。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。1-5CADAC6-10ABCBA11-15DDCAB16-20DABAD21-25CABBA

26-30BCCBD31-35BACDD36-40ADCDD41-45CCBAD46-50DBCBD

51-53CDD高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语

1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,

which,

who,

whom,

whose,

as等；关系副词有when,

where,

why等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：

The

man

who

is

shaking

hands

with

my

father

is

a

policeman.

该句中，who

is

shaking

hands

with

my

father

是定语从句，修饰先行词the

man，

“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the

man，在定语从句中作主语。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句

1．who

指人，在定语从句中作主语。

The

boys

who

are

playing

football

are

from

Class

One.

正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Those

who

want

to

go

to

the

museum

must

be

at

the

school

gate

at

7

tomorrow

morning.

想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

Yesterday

I

helped

an

old

man

who

had

lost

his

way.

昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

That

is

the

teacher

who

teaches

us

physics.

那就是教我们物理的老师。

2．whom

指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。

Mr

Liu

is

the

person

(

whom

)

you

talked

about

on

the

bus.

刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

Li

Ming

is

just

the

boy

(

whom

)

I

want

to

see.

李明正是我想要见的男孩。The

professor

(

whom

)

you

are

waiting

for

has

come.

你正在等的教授已经来了。

The

girl

(

whom

)

the

teacher

often

praises

is

our

monitor.

老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。

注意：关系代词whom

在口语或非正式文体中常可用who

来代替，也可省略。

The

man

(

whom

/

who

)you

met

just

now

is

my

old

friend.3．Which

指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。

Football

is

a

game

which

is

liked

by

most

boys.

足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。

The

factory

which

makes

computers

is

far

away

from

here.

制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。

He

likes

to

read

books

which

are

written

by

foreign

writers.

他喜欢外国作家写的书。

The

house

which

is

by

the

lake

looks

nice.

湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。

This

is

the

pen

(

which

)

he

bought

yesterday.

这是他昨天买的钢笔。

The

film

(

which

)

they

went

to

see

last

night

was

not

interesting

at

all.

他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。

4．That

指人时，相当于who

或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

The

number

of

people

that

/

who

come

to

visit

this

city

each

year

reaches

one

million.

每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。Where

is

the

man

that

/

whom

I

saw

this

morning

我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿The

person

that

/whom

you

introduced

to

me

is

very

kind.

你介绍给我的那个人很友好。

The

season

that

/

which

comes

after

spring

is

summer.

春天以后的季节是夏季。

Yesterday

I

received

a

letter

that

/

which

came

from

Australia.

昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。

5．Whose

通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。

I

visited

a

scientist

whose

name

is

known

all

over

the

country.

我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。

He

has

a

friend

whose

father

is

a

doctor.

他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。

I

once

lived

in

the

house

whose

roof

has

fallen

in.

我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。

注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：

The

classroom

whose

door

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.

The

classroom

the

door

of

which

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.

Do

you

like

the

book

whose

cover

is

yellow?

Do

you

like

the

book

the

cover

of

which

is

yellow?

（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。

The

school

(which

/

that)

he

once

studied

in

is

very

famous.

The

school

in

which

he

once

studied

is

very

famous.

他曾经就读过的学校很出名。

Tomorrow

I’ll

bring

here

the

magazine

(which

/

that)

you

asked

for.

Tomorrow

I’ll

bring

here

the

magazine

for

which

you

asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。

This

is

the

boy

(whom

/

who

/

that)

I

played

tennis

with

yesterday.

This

is

the

boy

with

whom

I

played

tennis

with

yesterday.

这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。

We’ll

go

to

hear

the

famous

singer

(whom

/

who

/

that)

we

have

often

talked

about.

We’ll

go

to

hear

the

famous

singer

about

whom

we

have

often

talked.我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。

The

manager

whose

company

I

work

in

pays

much

attention

to

improving

our

working

conditions.

The

manager

in

whose

company

I

work

pays

much

attention

to

improving

our

working

conditions.

我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。

注意：１．

含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look

for,

look

after,

take

care

of

等。

This

is

the

watch

(which

/

that)

I

am

looking

for.

(正)

这是我正在找的手表。

This

is

the

watch

for

which

I

am

looking

.

(误)

The

babies

(whom

/

who

/

that)

the

nurse

is

looking

after

are

very

healthy.

(正)

那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。

The

babies

after

whom

the

nurse

is

looking

are

very

healthy.

（误）

２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who,

that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。

The

man

with

whom

you

talked

just

now

is

my

neighbour.

(正)

你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。

The

man

with

that

/

who

you

talked

just

now

is

my

neighbour.

(误)

The

plane

in

which

we

flew

to

Canada

was

really

comfortable.

(正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。

The

plane

in

that

we

flew

to

Canada

was

really

comfortable.

(误)

３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,

any,

none,

all,

both,

neither,

many,

most,

each,

few等代词或者数词。如：

He

loves

his

parents

deeply,

both

of

whom

are

very

kind

to

him.

他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。

In

the

basket

there

are

quite

many

apples,

some

of

which

have

gone

bad.

篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。

There

are

forty

students

in

our

class

in

all,

most

of

whom

are

from

big

cities.

我们班总共有４０个学生，大多数来自大城市。

Up

to

now,

he

has

written

ten

stories,

three

of

which

are

about

country

life.

迄今为止，他写了１０部小说，其中３部是关于农村生活的。词＋关系代词引导的定语从句特例

1)......，...of+关系代词。2)which代替this/that/the

（四）关系副词引导的定语从句

1．

when

指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

I

still

remember

the

day

when

I

first

came

to

this

school.

我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。

The

time

when

we

got

together

finally

arrived.

我们团聚的时刻终于到了。

October

1,

1949

was

the

day

when

the

People’s

Republic

of

China

was

founded.

1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

Do

you

remember

the

years

when

he

lived

in

the

countryside

with

his

grandparents.

你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗？

2．

where

指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

上海是我出生的城市。

The

house

where

I

lived

ten

years

ago

has

been

pulled

down.

我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。

I

visited

the

farm

where

a

lot

of

cows

were

raised

.

我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。

Is

this

the

place

where

they

fought

the

enemy

这是他们当初打敌人的地方吗

3．

why

指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。

Please

tell

me

the

reason

why

you

missed

the

plane.

请告诉我你误机的原因。

The

reason

why

he

was

punished

is

unknown

to

us.

他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。

I

don’t

know

the

reason

why

he

looks

unhappy

today.

我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。

注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：

From

the

years

when

/

in

which

he

was

going

to

primary

school

in

the

country

he

had

known

what

he

wanted

to

be

when

he

grew

up.

自从他在农村读小学时，他就已经知道长大后要做什么。

Great

changes

are

taking

place

in

the

city

where

/

in

which

they

live.

他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。

The

reason

why

/

for

which

he

refused

the

invitation

is

quite

clear.

他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。

（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略B．可用thatC．可用who

代替whom

非限制性定语从句

形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。

意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。

译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。

关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用thatC．不可用who

代替whom

限制性定语从句举例：

The

teacher

told

me

that

Tom

was

the

only

person

that

I

could

depend

on.

老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。

China

is

a

country

which

has

a

long

history.

中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

In

the

street

I

saw

a

man

who

was

from

Africa.

在街上我看到一个来自非洲的人。

非限制性定语从句举例

：

His

mother,

who

loves

him

very

much,

is

strict

with

him.

他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。

China,

which

was

founded

in

1949,

is

becoming

more

and

more

powerful.

中国是1949年成立的，

现在正变得越来越强大。

Last

summer

I

visited

the

People’s

Great

Hall,

in

which

many

important

meetings

are

held

every

year.

去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。

（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that

引导定语从句的情况

1．当先行词是everything,

anything,

nothing

(something

除外),

all,

none,

few,

little,

some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,

any,

all,

some,

no,

little,

few,

much等代词修饰时。如：

Have

you

taken

down

everything

that

Mr.

Li

said

李老师讲的你都记下来了吗

There

seems

to

be

nothing

that

is

impossi