2024届湖北省武汉市高三下学期4月调研（二模）英语 试题

武汉市2024届高中毕业生四月调研考试英语试卷本试题卷共12页，67题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanbusywith?A.Avisit. B.Aproject. C.Avideo.2.Whatdothespeakersplantodotomorrow?A.Gocamping. B.Dosomeshopping. C.Findablanket.3.Wherearethespeakersgoingto?A.Astation. B.Anothercountry. C.Theirhometown.4.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofJimmy?A.Silent. B.Caring. C.Hard-working.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thenewlaws. B.Ahealthylifestyle. C.Profitableindustries.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Brotherandsister. C.Husbandandwife.7.Whydoesthemanapologize?A.Formissingachance. B.Forbeinglate. C.FordoingLisaadamage.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whoisthewomanexpressingthanksto?A.Theman. B.Thefans. C.Thesponsor.9.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Anonlinecelebrity. B.Atravelenthusiast. C.Amagazineeditor.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gofishing. B.Goshopping. C.Gosightseeing.11.Wherewillthespacerocketbelaunched?A.InTexas. B.InFlorida. C.InNevada.12.WhatdoesthespeakersplantodoonSunday?A.Setoffearly. B.Restinahotel. C.Seethelaunch.13.Howdoesthegirlprobablyfeelaboutthetrip?A.Excited. B.Bored. C.Confused.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhendidthemancometotheUK?A.3yearsago. B.4yearsago. C.5yearsago.15.Howdoesthemanrunhisbusinessatitsbeginning?A.Byhiringmanystaff. B.Byservingthetables. C.Byworkingwithhiswife.16.Wheredoesthemanadvertisehisbusiness?A.OnTV. B.Inshoppingcenters. C.Onradioandnewspapers.17.Whatcontributestotheman’ssuccess?A.Thefoodprice. B.Thediningatmosphere. C.Therestaurantlocation.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatistheGeocaching?A.Atreasurehunt. B.AGPSdevice. C.Afitnesscoach.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheboxes?A.Theyarecontrolledremotely.B.Theycontainvarietiesofgoods.C.Theyareplacedintheneighborhood.20.HowdoesGeocachingbenefitthekids?A.Itdevelopstheirsocialskills. B.Itexposesthemtotraditions. C.Itmakesthemwillingtowalk.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Must-readNewFictionBooksWeallhaveafewtried-and-truefictionfavorites,butthere’ssomethingspecialaboutabrand-new,hot-off-the-pressnovel.Whetherit’syourfavoriteauthor’snewreleaseoranewwriter’sfirstwork,greatfictionbooksmaketheperfectescapefromordinarylife.That’swhywe’veroundedupalistofthebestnewbooksreleasedinFebruary.AgeofGoldbyJerryLapoorJerryLapoor’slatestaction-packednovelunfoldslikeacrazymovie.Thisthrillerbeginswhenawealthyman’scargetsoutofcontrol.Butwhenthedustsettles,therichmanisnowheretobefound.Howandtowheredoeshedisappear?Withanexcitingplotthatwillcarryyoufromold-moneyhousestosmallagriculturalvillages,AgeofColdwilltakeyouonanunforgettablerideacrossavastland.CityUnderOneSkybyRachelYoungInthebook,Youngpresentsacrimestorysetinasmalltown.DetectiveSaraKennedyhasbeensenttoinvestigateacase.Butsoonafterarrival,Saragetssnowedinwiththe205townsfolklivinginthesameapartmentbuilding.Whoishidingthekeytothecrime?Andisthereanyoneshecantrulytrust?Theappealingstory,strangebutdistinctivecharactersandunexpectedplotarejustafewofthereasonswhyCityUnderOneSkygainsitspopularity.LadybyJessGeorgeLadyisanirresistiblefictionfromJessGeorge.ThestoryofMary’sfreshstartatadulthoodisshotthroughwiththemesoffamily,raceanddiscrimination,womanhoodandtheimmigrantrealityoffeelingtornbetweencultures.ThoughstrugglingwithlifeinLondonasanAfrican,Maryjumpsateverychancetostandonherownfeet.21.WhatwillimpressthereadersinAgeofGold?A.Thethrillingplot. B.Traditionalcultures. C.Thefamilyconflict. D.Crazycharacters.22.WhathappenestoSaraKennedyinCityUnderOneSky?A.Sheistrappedinthesnow. B.Sheistoinvestigateacaseabroad.C.Shehidesthekeyevidence. D.Shehastroublediscoveringthetruth.23.WhichislikelytobethemainthemeofLady?A.Self-reliance. B.Genderequality.C.Domesticviolence. D.Cross-culturalcommunication.BBythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoilpaintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge.“Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingonoutsidemystudiothaninsideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(画布)tothescreen,usingcomputerstofindnewwaysofcreatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligencesoftwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Aaron’sworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSandFranciscoMuseumofModernArt.Now,withAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYork’sWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,“HaroldCohen:Aaron,”runningthroughJune2024,drawsattentiontoCohen’spioneeringwork.TheWhitneyisofferingsomethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscanwatchthesoftwareproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniquesofdrawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings---averydifferentapproachfromtoday’sgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdon’tdrawfromscratch(从头开始)butratherrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdoneafterCohen’sdeathin2016isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohen’ssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbeforeCohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemontoawallmorethantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreateartphysically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s.“Itisabsolutelythrilling,”saidChristianePaul,themuseum’sdirectorofdigitalart,“tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”24.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Harold’scuriosity. B.Themuseum’sdonation.C.Cohen’simagination. D.Theuniversity’ssupport.25.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks. B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices. D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.26.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe“HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron. B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart. D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart. B.Anewshowoftheartworld’sfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney. D.HaroldCohen’simpactongenerativeAI.CPeruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswhoengageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPeru’snationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandotherdishonestpractices.Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistrythatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigatingmorethan170otherresearchersataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct,including72listednthenationalregistrywhoworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonestpublishingpractices“transcendmeremoralmisbehavior”becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernmentandprivatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMálagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhoisthedrivingforcebehindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear.“Theseindividualsareoperatingacademiccheating.”Peru’sacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems.Onecause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardingresearcherswhoboosttheirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfivepointsforauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Amassingpointscanbringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesNahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,aPeruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authorsfromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject.“Ifyourcolleagueconsistentlypublishes20articlesayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,that’shighlysuspect,”Monteblancosays.28.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.29.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change. B.Strengthen. C.Gobeyond. D.Approveof.30.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem. B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C.Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship. D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.31.Themostsuspicionmightbegiventoaproductiveresearcherwith_________.A.careerpromotion B.consistentresearchfocusC.fewcitationsbyPuntoFinal D.co-authorsfromvariouscountriesDEvolution(进化)canperformextraordinarymakeovers;today’sairbornesongbirdsevolvedfromthewingless,earthbounddinosaursthatwanderedmillionsofyearsago.Butsomeorganismsseemtobeunchanged—inotherwords,escapenaturalselection.Thecoelacanth,amodern-dayfish,isnearlyidenticaltoits410-million-year-oldfossils.Scientistshavelongwonderedhowthesespeciesdoso.Ithasbeenassumedthatnaturalselectionkeepssomespeciesunchangedbyselectingformoderateoraveragequalities(stabilizingselection)ratherthanselectingformoreextremequalitiesthatwouldcauseaspeciestochange(directionalselection).ButastudypublishedintheNationalAcademyofSciencesUSAcontradictsthisidea,showingthatevolutionconstantlyfavorsdifferentqualitiesinseeminglyunchanginganimalstoimproveshort-termsurvival.Inthelongterm,though,“allthatevolutioncancelsoutandleadstonochange,”saysthestudy’sleadauthor,JamesStroud.Stroudandhiscolleaguesstudiedfourlizard(蜥蜴)species,allrelativelyunchangedfor20millionyears.Theresearcherscaughtmembersofthesepopulationseverysixmonthsforthreeyears.Theymeasuredeachlizard’sheadsize,leglength,massandheight,aswellasthesizeofitsstickytoes(脚趾头),notingwhichindividualssurvived.Stroudexpectedtoobservestabilizingselectionatworkpreservingmoderatequalities.Insteadhesawclearerevidenceofdirectionalselection:somelizardswithuniquecharacteristics,suchasstickiertoes,survivedbetter.Thestudyoffers“agoodexplanationforwhyweseewhatwethinkisstabiliringselection,”saysTadashiFukami,anecologiststudyingevolutionatStanfordUniversity.Manynewqualitiesareevolvingintheshortterm,buttheydon’tprovideacrucialadvantageoverthelongterm.Inotherwords,speciesstayingunchangedmaysimplyhavefoundthebestpossiblecombinationofqualitiesforlastingsuccessintheirenvironment.Sowhathappenswhenthelizards’environmentchangesmoredramatically?Tohelpanswerthisbiggerquestion,Stroudisstillmakingtripstovisitthelizards.32.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“coelacanthfish”inparagraph1?A.Todemonstratethepowerofevolution. B.Toaddevidencetonaturalselection.C.Togiveanexampleofunchangedspecies. D.Toprovespecies’extraordinarymakeovers.33.What’sthefocusofparagraph2?A.Unsolvedmysteries. B.Acommonbelief. C.Asharpcontrast. D.UniqueCharacteristics.34.HowdidStroudconducthisresearch?A.Byanalyzinglizardfossils. B.Bytrackingresearchobjects.C.Byillustratingstabilizingselection. D.Bycategorizingqualitiesoflizards.35.WhatwillStroudprobablydointhefuture?A.Maketripstovisitlizardexperts. B.Summarizeaveragefeaturesoflizards.C.Revealthebestcombinationsofqualities. D.Examinelizardsunderextremeconditions.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtochargeanelectricvehicle(EV)isoneofthebiggestconcernspeoplehavewhenworkingoutwhethergoingelectricisrightforthem.Itistruethatsometimesgainingaccesstoreliablechargingcanseemabittricky.36.First,downloadanappwithacomprehensivemapofthepublicchargingpointsshowingtheirlocations,howpowerfultheyare,andwhetherthey’reworking.Allthisisvitalinformationbecause,evenifyouhavepublicchargingpointsnearby,youwillneedalternativesincasetheyreinuse.37.AgrowingnumberofpropertyownersarerentingouttheirchargingpointsanddrivewaystootherlocalEVdriverswhenthey’renotusingthem.38.Thus,yourcargetscharged,theownersmakemoney,andemissionsarereduced.39.Forexample,whenyourcarisrunningoutofjuice,you’djustpulluptoabattery-changestationfromyourcarbrandandsitinthecarwhileafullychargedunitischangedin.TheChineseEVbrandNiodoesthis,butisn’tavailableintheUKasyet.Fornow,ifchargingaccessremainsdifficultforyou,it’sstillpossibletogoelectric—inpart.40.Manyhybrid(混合的)carsarenowgoodfor50milesofelectricrunningbeforeyouneedtousetheengine.So,ifmostofyourdrivingislocal,youmightonlyneedtofindachargeronceortwiceaweek,whileyouhavethebackupofafuelengineforlongjourneys.A.ButitmaybeeasierthanyouthinkB.ItactuallyworkedoutmuchcheaperC.TherearealsootherinnovativewaystogetyourEVgoingD.Aplug-inEVcombinesapetrolenginewithasmallerbatteryE.A“fast”chargerusuallytakeseighthourstofullychargeanEVF.SoyouneedtogetagoodfeelforwhereyournearestpointsareG.Youcan-findamapofhomeownerswhosechargingpointsareavailable第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfather,PaulAndrewFigura,wasadie-hardfisherman.Inmy41,wewentoutfishinginallkindsofweather,catchingandmissingnearlyeveryfishincountlesswaterways.Wheneverwe42,Momwouldask:“Whattimewillyoubeback?”“Whenwecan’tseethe43,”Dadwouldrespond.Heoften44it.SometimesDadwouldaskmeto45somefoodandwaterandwe’dfishtheentireday.Iobservedfirsthandhisinsistent,rapid-irecastingtechnique,towhichhecreditedasa46factorbehindhissuccess.Itwasone47afteranotherafteranother.ThegreatestlifelessonthatDadtaughtmeinvolveddealingwiththosetimeswhenthefishweren’t48Dayswhentheweatherwasawful,whenthemosquitoeswerebiting,whenmyhandswerecold.TimeswhenIjustwantedto49andgohome.Dad’s50?“Son,you’renotgoingtocatchanyfishunlessyou51yourline.Keepcasting,”he’dsay.Ilearnedearlytheimportanceof52andwillingnesstokeeptryingdifferentfishfoodifyouwantedtocatchthem.Soonerorlaterthey’d53Itookthatsameattitudeintomyschoolwork.54,Igotmanyawardsatcollege.Iappliedit55towhateverjobIhadasanadultanditmademethepersonthatIamtoday.41.A.dream B.career C.childhood D.adulthood42.A.gotup B.reachedout C.steppedback D.setoff43.A.camps B.lines C.tracks D.cottages44.A.forgot B.rejected C.recalled D.meant45.A.make B.pack C.heat D.freeze46.A.cultural B.random C.major D.external47.A.cast B.step C.strike D.risk48.A.swimming B.dancing C.gathering D.biting49.A.wander B.play C.quit D.sleep50.A.response B.intention C.evaluation D.situation51.A.abandon B.monitor C.fetch D.wet52.A.kindness B.insistence C.confidence D.business53.A.cooperate B.progress C.resist D.integrate54.A.Insurprise B.Asaresult C.Aheadoftime D.Inparticular55.A.intentionally B.casually C.hesitantly D.temporarily第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WearingHanfuandsittinginfrontofaChinesezither(筝),PengJingxuan,ayoungChinesestudent,movesherfingersgentlyalongthestringsonastreetinParis,France.Penghassharedmorethan20056(origin)videosonline,withthemostpopularonefeaturingthethemesongofthemovieAChineseGhostStoryviewedover16.61milliontimes,“Ilovehowshe’srepresentinghercultureina57(set)wherepeoplearenotfamiliarwithit.Youcantellshe’sproudofherbackgroundandhermusic,”oneofherfanscommented.Chinesezither(筝),orguzheng,isanancientmusicalinstrumentwith21-26stringsandalengthof1.63meters.Peng58(fall)inlovewithitwhenyoungandhasbeenpracticingitforyears.HardlyfindingChineseinstruments59(play)onthestreetsinParis,shetookalongherguzheng60beganherstreetperformancestosharpenherskills.Themoresheperformed,themoreshefeltagreatersenseofresponsibility61(spread)Chinesemusicandculture.Consideringheraudience’s62(unfamiliar)withChinesesongs,Pengmadeadaptations,for63shereceivedpositiveresponses.ShealsoperformedWesternpopsongsthatlocalpeoplecouldrelate64,entertainingthemwithbeautifulmelodiesina65(refresh)style.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，英语老师安排你今天做课前演讲，你打算谈谈上周班内英语辩论赛内容包括：1.你的观感；2.你的建议。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mostpeoplethinkthatprocrastination(拖延症)isanegativehabit.Butpeoplelikemewhorouti