奉贤区2020二模英语试卷含答案

学年奉贤区学科教学质量调研高三英语试卷（2020.05）（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Supermarket.B.Tailor'sshop.C.Departmentstore.D.Conveniencestore.A.200pounds.B.600pounds.C.300pounds.D.700pounds.A.Calltheticketofficelater.Ordertheticketsonline.NottobuytheticketontheInternet.Ordertheticketswhenit'snotbusy.A.Borrowingmoneyfromabusinesscompany.Lendingsomemoneytoastudent.Askingforsomefinancialaid.Readingstudents'application.A.Thebedistoblameforhisnotfallingasleep.Hecanfallasleepifhestopsdrinking.Hecandrinkmoretofallasleepeasily.Drinkingisgoodforsleeping.A.Heissatisfiedwiththecontent.Hefeelssorryforit.Hethinksitisvalueless.Hethinksitisvaluable.A.ProfessorSmithspokeGreekwhenheexplainedthemathsproblem.Thewomanstilldidn'tunderstandthemathsproblem.Unfortunately,shedidn'thearProfessorSmith'sexplanation.ProfessorSmithdidn'texplaintheproblemclearly.A.Collectpapersfortheman.Dothetypingonceagain.Checkthepaperfortypingerrors.Readthewholenewspaper.A.Proceedinhisownway.Sticktotheoriginalplan.Negotiatewithhiscolleague.Trytochangehiscolleague'smind.A.Hisprojectprovedtobeunsuccessful.Hewasunabletogetsufficientmoney.Lackoflandpreventedhissuccess.Hewassuccessfulwithhisproject.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingtalk.A.Toguideandhelpchildren'splay.Togivechildrenanopportunitytoplay.Tomakechildrenexcited.Tokeepchildrencompany.A.Itdeterminesthestandardachildcanreach.Itisthehappiestperiodduringone'slife.Itisthemostimportanttimetoshapeone'scharacter.Itisthebesttimeforchildrentolearnnewthings.A.Therelationshipbetweenplayandlearning.Thewaytohelpchildrendevelopbothphysicallyandmentally.Theimportanceofchildren'splay.Differentstagesofchildren'sdevelopment.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Ittendstowandertowardsunpleasantexperiences.Itwandersforalmosthalfoftheirwakingtime.Ithastroubleconcentratingafterabraininjury.Ittendstobeaffectedbytheirnegativefeelings.A.Tofindhowhappinessrelatestodaydreaming.Toobservehowone'smindaffectsone'sbehavior.Toseewhydaydreamingimpactswhatoneisdoing.Tostudytherelationbetweenhealthanddaydreaming.A.Participantswithcleargoalsinmindoutperformedthosewithoutcleargoals.Thedifferenceinperformancebetweenthetwogroupswasinsignificant.Non-daydreamersweremoreconfusedontheirtasksthandaydreamers.Daydreamersdidbetterthannon-daydreamersintaskperformance.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Theiraveragelifespanwaslessthan50years.Itwasverycommonforthemtohave12children.Theyretiredfromworkmuchearlierthantoday.Theywerequiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture.A.Getreadyforecologicalchanges.Adapttothenewenvironment.Learntousenewtechnology.Explorewaystostayyoung.A.Whenallwomengoouttowork.Whenfamilyplanningisenforced.Whenaworldgovernmentissetup.Whenallpeoplebecomewealthier.A.Eliminatepovertyandinjustice.Migratetootherplanets.Controltheenvironment.Findinexhaustibleresources.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PlantsScreamintheFaceofStressForthefirsttime,researchersappeartohaveevidencethatlikeanimals,thoseplantsdeprivedofwateror(21)(force)toendurebodilyharmcanletouttheirpain.Thestudy,(22)hasyettobepublishedinascientificJournal,addsanotherdimensiontoscientists(23)(grow)understandingofhowplantsdetectandinteractwiththeirsurroundings.Inrecentyears,ithasbecomeveryclearthatplantsaremoresensitivethanresearchers(24)(think).Theyrespondwhentouchedbyinsectsandturntowardsourcesoflight."Plantsarenotjustroboticstimulus-responsedevices,"saidFrantisekBaluskaoftheUniversityofBonninGermany."They'relivingorganismswhichhavetheirownproblems."Actuallymakingtheirsufferinghearable,however,isanothermatterentirely.(25)(test)thatpossibility,ateamledbyItzhakKhait,aplantscientistatTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,placedmicrophonescapableofdetectingultrasonicfrequencies(超声波频率)fourinchesfromtomatoandtobaccoplants.Theresearchertheneitherstoppedwateringthemorcuttheirstems.Measuringintherangeof20to150kilohertz(千赫)，theresearchersfoundthatevenhappy,healthyplantsmadetheoccasionalnoise.Butwhencut,tobaccoplantsemitted(26)averageof15soundswithinanhourofbeingcut,(27)tomatoplantsproduced25sounds.(28)researchersaren'tyetsurehowplantsproducethesesounds,Khaitandhiscolleaguesproposedonepossibilityintheirpaper(29)aswatertravelsthroughtheplants'tubes,airbubbleswillformandexplode,producingsmallvibrations.Allthis"screaming"causedbystresswasn'tinarangedetectablebyhumanears.Butorganismsthatcanhearultrasonicfrequencies--likemice,batsorperhapsotherplants--(30)possiblyheartheplantscriesfromasfarawayas15feet.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.essentiallyB.roundC.stuckD.spiritsE.encouragingF.desperatelyG.strengthsH.frustratingI.spillingJ.collectiveK.sealedItaliansfind"MomentsofJoyinthisMomentofAnxiety"Itstartedwiththenationalanthem.Thencamethepianochords,trumpetblasts,violinserenades(小夜曲)andeventheclangingofpotsandpans--allofit(31)frompeople'shomes,outofwindowsandfrombalconies,andresoundingacrossrooftops.Finally,onSaturdayafternoon,anationwide(32)ofapplausebrokeoutforthedoctorsonthemedicalfrontlinesfightingthespreadofEurope'sworstcoronavirusoutbreak.Italiansremain(33)underhousearrestasthenation,theEuropeanfrontintheglobalfightagainstthecoronavirus,hasorderedextraordinaryrestrictionsontheirmovementtopreventinfection.Butthemusicandnoiseeruptingoverthestreets,frompeople(34)intheirhomes,reflectsthespirit,resilienceandhumorofanationfacingitsworstnationalemergencysincetheSecondWorldWar.Totheextentthatthisisavirusthattriespeople'ssouls,ithasalsodemonstratedthe(35)ofthosenationalcharacters.InChina,patriotictruckdriversriskedinfectiontobring(36)neededfoodtothepeopleofWuhan,theepicenteroftheoutbreak.InIran,videosshowdoctorsinfullcombatdressandmasksdancingtokeep(37)up.AndinItaly,thegesturesofgratitudeandmusicringoutabovethecountry'semptystreets,whilesocialmediafeedsfillwith(38),sentimentalandhumorouswebvideos.Imagesofnursescollapsedfromexhaustionortheirfacesbruised(使受瘀伤)fromtightly(39)maskshavealsospreadacrossthewebinrecentdays.Parentspostedpicturesofunicornsandrainbowsdrawnbyyoungchildrenwiththetitle"ItwillallbeOK."＂We'reItalians,andlovingsingingispartofourculture,"saidGiorgioAlbertini,51,anarchaeologyprofessorwhoclappedfromhisapartmentbalconyintheuniversitydistrictofMilan,callingitaway"tofeelacommunity,andtohavethe(40)grief."ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Makingchoicesishard.ThatwouldbewhyresearcherMoranCerfhas(41)itfromhislife.Asarule,healwayschoosesthesecondmenuitematarestaurant.Thisis(42)byhisresearchinneuroeconomics(神经经济学)(asomewhatnew,divisivefield)atNorthwesternUniversity.AsBusinessInsiderdescribes,Cerfhasextendedhisideas--whichdrawonsomecontroversialideasinpsychology,includingegodepletionout--intoapieceofadvicethat,to(43)happiness,peopleshould"buildalifethatrequires(44)decisionsbysurroundingthemselveswithpeoplewhopossesstraitstheyprefer.Onaninstinctivelevel,Cerf'sidea(45):Manychoicespeoplemakearetheproductofsocialpressuresandtheinputsof(46)peoplearoundthem.OneexampleCerffurnishesisthat,(47)consistentlyorderingthesecondmenuitem,heneverpickswheretoeat.Rather,he(48)hisdecisiontohisdiningpartner--whichfriendheplanstoeatwith,probablyonehetrusts--andalwaysletsthempick.Whileit's(49)what,ifany,scientificprinciplesunderliethosepiecesofadvice,thereisnoshortageofresearchshowingthatchoicescansometimesfeelmore(50)thanliberating.AnexamplefromQuantapoits(假设)：IfyouhaveaclearloveofSnickers(士力架)，choosingthatoveranAlmondJoy(杏仁巧克力)oraMilkyWay(牛奶巧克力)shouldbea(51).And,asanexperimentconductedbyneuroscientistPaulGlimcheratNYUshows,mostofthetimeitis,(52)youintroducemorechoices.Whentheparticipantswereofferedthreecandybars(Snickers,MilkyWay,andAlmondJoy)theyhadnoproblempickingtheirfavorite,butwhentheyweregiventheoptionofoneamong20,includingSnickers,theywouldsometimesdriftawayfromtheir(53).Whenthechoicesweretakenawayinlatertrials,theparticipantswouldwonderwhatcausedthemtomakesuchabaddecision.AsQuantadetails,accordingtoamodelcalled"divisivenormalization(分裂归一化)，whichhasgainedsomepopularity,thewaythebrainencodeschoiceshasalotto

dowithhowitvaluesallitsoptions.So,ifyouhavetwothingsthatareclearly(54),brainareasinvolvedindecision-makingfireinapatternthatmakesthedecisionclear.Whenthechoicesarecomparable,thebraindoesitsbesttofocusonthedistinctionsbetweenthetwo,butmorechoices(55)thatabilityout.41.A.relievedB.releasedC.eliminatedD.liberated42.A.influencedB.inheritedC.implementedD.informed43.A.maximizeB.balanceC.cherishD.seek44.A.saferB.fewerC.betterD.sounder45.A.standsoutB.comesintoforceC.makessenseD.playsapart46.A.distinguishedB.trustedC.authorizedD.honored47.A.inadditiontoB.insteadofC.inspiteofD.regardlessof48.A.conveysB.relatesC.submitsD.limits49.A.evidentB.unclearC.criticalD.inevitable50.A.confusingB.inspiringC.worryingD.appealing51.A.stressorB.no-brainerC.challengeD.headache52.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until53.A.preferenceB.struggleC.statusD.direction54.A.impressiveB.insignificantC.uniqueD.distinct55.A.crowdB.figureC.sortD.putSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Onespringday,oncetheflowershavebeguntoopen,abeewillhover(盘旋)andzipthroughyouryardanddive-bombyourpicnictable.Whileyou'rethinkingaboutavoidinganattack,thatbeeisfocusedonsomethingelseentirely:me.Ahoneybeehasaboutsixweekstolive.Today,likemostdays,hertaskistoflyasmanyasthreemilesfromhome,stickherlong,straw-liketongueintoahundredorsoflowers.Whenthebeehashadherfill,she'llflyhome.Therethebeewilldepositwhatshehasgotintothemouthofoneofherco-workers,whowillrelayittoanother,andsoonforabout20minutes,untilthemixtureisreadytobeplacedintothecomb.Thensheandher50,000orsomateswillhoverinthedarkallnighteverynight,flappingtheirwingstocreatehot,breezyconditionstoremovethewaterfromthemixture.Severalsunriseslater,theywillsealmeoffinagoldencellofbeeswax.Inherlifetime,ourbeemayvisit4,000flowers,andyetwillproduceonlyone-twelfthofateaspoonofme.TheaverageAmericanconsumesnearlyapoundandahalfofmeeveryyear,intea,ontoast,andbeyond.IfIdosaysomyself,Iamatimelesstreasure.Literally--Inevergobad.Unfortunately,mygoodhealthisnotguaranteed.Theproblemliesinthegrowthofindustrialagricultureandtheuseofpestcontrolchemicals,aswellaschangesinweatherpatterns,allofwhichreducethenumberofflowersbeeshavetovisit.I'dappreciateyourlettingyourowngardengrowjustalittlewild.Myfuturedependsonallofusfosteringspringandsummerswildflowers,thushelpingthebees,whogivesomuch--toyou,tome--withouteveraskingforanythinginreturn.56.Whatdoes"me”refertointhepassage?Theflower.Thebee.Water.Honey,Whatisthe2ndparagraphmainlyabout?Bees'specialtalent.Bees'hardwork.Bees'livingenvironment.Bees'socialbehavior.Whichoneofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Abeewillalwaysprioritizeattackingpicniclovers.B.Before"me”issealedoffinbeeswax,thedryingprocesscantakeafewnights.C.ThelifeworkofabeesatisfiestheaveragedemandofanAmericanconsumerannually.D.Beesaremorelikelytovisitthosedeliberatelypest-controlledgardens.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?Toappealforhelpforhoneybees.Totalkaboutthehistoryofatreasure.Toputforwardtechniquesforgardeners.

Toargueagainstthecontrolofchemicals.B)GetYourUnlimitedCardatCineworldCinemasEnjoyUnlimitedFilmsWatchallthefilmsyouwantatanyCineworldforjustonemonthlyprice.BeinganUnlimitedcardholdergivesyouaccesstoallthe2Dfilmsyoucanhandleforonemonthlyprice.Watchwhatyouwant,whenyouwant,asmanytimesasyouwant.Plus,savemoneywhenwatchingfilmsin3Dandothers.Afteryou'vebeenwithusformorethanIyearwe'llupgradeyoutoaPremiumCardandyou'llgetinto3Dfilmscompletelyfreetoo!Startenjoyingtodaybyusingatemporarypasswhileyouwaitforyourcardtoarriveinthepost.SaveOnSnacksAndDrinksGet10%offallin-cinemafoodanddrink.Plusget10%offatCineworldStarbuckslicensedstores.Firstyearcardholdersget10%off,whilstPremiumcardholdersget25%offCineworld'sin-cinemafoodanddrinksincluding,alldrinks,popcorn,nachos,hotdogs,icecream,picknmixandmuchmore.Plusallcardholdersget10%discountsatCineworldStarbuckslicensedstores.Allyouneedtodoisshowyourcardatthecounterandyourdiscountwillbeapplied.RecommendAFriendUnlimitedmemberscangetfreemonthsofmembershipwhentheyrecommendUnlimitedtotheirfriends!RecommendUnlimitedtoyourfriendsandwe'llgiveyoufreemonthsofmembershiptosaythankyou.ForeveryfriendthatsignsupusingyouruniqueRecommendaFriendcodeyouwillbothreceiveonemonth'sfreemembershiponcetheyhavebeenanactiveUnlimitedmemberfor90days.Thefreemonthwillbeautomaticallyaddedtotheendofyourcurrentsubscription.Youcanearnamaximumof12FreeMonthswithyourRecommendaFriendcode,sorecommendUnlimitedto12friendsandyoucouldgetafullyearoffreeUnlimitedcinema!Thecinemanamesitsmembershipcard"Unlimited"becauseonecanhavethebenefitsforgooduponjoiningthemembershipCineworldmemberscanenjoyasmany2Dand3DfilmsastheylikeforfreeitfreesamemberfromanyregularpaymenttothemovieticketsatCineworldcardholderscansharelimitlessdiscountsandofferswithfriendsandrelativesWhichofthestatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Thebenefitsabovearenotavailableuntilthecardisdelivered.Premiumcardholderscanhave25%offatalicensedStarbucks.Whoeverpersuades6friendsintoUnlimitedcanenjoyahalfyearoffreemembership.Asecondyearofinvestmentisworthwhileifyouareacinemagoer.Thispassageisprobablywrittento_securetheloyaltyofpotentialcustomersintroducethelatestmoviesanddiscountspromotethepopularityofCineworldcinemasgiveawaymoviecardstoreadersforfreeC）ArareholehasopenedupintheozonelayerabovetheArctic,inwhatscientistssayistheresultofunusuallylowtemperaturesintheatmosphereabovethenorthpole.Thehole,whichhasbeentrackedfromspaceandthegroundoverthepastfewdays,hasreachedrecorddimensions,butisnotexpectedtoposeanydangertohumansunlessitmovesfurthersouth.Ifitextendsfurthersouthoverpopulatedareas,suchassouthernGreenland,peoplewouldbeatincreasedriskofsunburn.However,oncurrenttrendstheholeisexpectedtodisappearaltogetherinafewweeks.Lowtemperaturesinthenorthernpolarregionsledtoanunusualstablepolarvortex（极地漩涡），andthepresenceofozone-destroyingchemicalssuchaschlorine（氯）intheatmosphere-fromhumanactivities-causedtheholetoform.＂Theholeisprincipallyageophysicalcuriosity,"saidVincent-HenriPeuch,directoroftheCopernicusAtmosphereMonitoringService."Wemonitoredunusualdynamic（动态的）conditions,whichdrivetheprocessofchemicaldepletionofozone.ThosedynamicsallowedforlowertemperaturesandamorestablevortexthanusualovertheArctic,whichthentriggeredtheformationofpolarstratospheric（平流层的）cloudsandthecatalytic（催化的）destructionofozone."TheholeisnotrelatedtotheCovid-19shutdownsthathavedramaticallycutairpollutionandreducedgreenhousegasemissions.ItisalsotooearlytosaywhethertheunusuallystableArcticpolarvortexconditionsarelinkedwiththeclimatecrisis,orpartofnormalstratosphericweathervariability.Peuchsaidtherewerenodirectimplicationsfortheclimatecrisis.Temperaturesintheregionarealreadyincreasing,slowingthedepletionofozone,andtheholewillstarttorecoveraspolarairmixeswithozone-richairfromlowerlatitudes.Thelasttimesimilarconditionswereobservedwasinspring2011.WhileaholeovertheArcticisarareevent,themuchlargerholeintheozonelayerovertheAntarctichasbeenamajorcauseforconcernformorethanfourdecades.Theproductionofozone-depletingchemicalshasbeendramaticallyreduced,underthe1987MontrealProtocol（蒙特利尔协议），butsomesourcesappearstilltobefunctioning--in2018,unauthorizedemissionsweredetectedfromsomeareas.Newsourcesofozone-depletingchemicalswerenotafactorintheholeobservedintheArctic,saidPeuch."However,thisisareminderthatoneshouldnottaketheMontrealProtocolmeasuresforgranted,andthatobservationsfromthegroundandfromsatellitesarecentraltoavoidasituationwheretheozone-destroyingchemicallevelinthestratospherecouldincreaseagain."Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword"depletion"?replacementB.consumptionC.increaseD.productionAccordingtothepassage,scientistsareconcernedabouttheholebecauseitisexpectedtobeathreattothemankindthenewholeiscausedbyairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissionsitmayencouragefurtherscientificresearchandenvironmentalawarenessitwarnsusofanoncomingclimatecrisisWhatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.TheholeovertheArcticsharesthesamecausesastheoneovertheAntarctic.Humanactivitiesarehighlyresponsibleforproducingozone-destroyingchemicals.TheMontrealProtocolhassuccessfullypreventednewemissions.SomenewillegalemissionsaretoblamefortheholeovertheArctic.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably_A.Record-sizeHoleOpensinOzoneLayerabovetheArcticActionsUrgentlyNeededforaNewHoleinOzoneLayerEnvironmentalDisasterandInternationalCooperationHowaHoleinOzoneAffectsourLifeonEarthSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Takingselfiesisdefinitelyoneexperiencethatmanypeoplelikedoingandsharingwiththeonlineworld.Peoplewhopostgroupselfiesalsoshowaneedforpopularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup.Narcissistsarepeoplewhothinkveryhighlyofthemselves,especiallyhowtheylook.Thatwastheoldwayof"clickinglike".Thedrivetotakeselfiescanneverthelessdosomegoodtosocictyasawhole.Butmenwhopostselfiesshowedmoreofaneedtobeseenaspopularthanwomendid.Peopleliketoposttheirselfies(自拍照)onsocialmedia.Toknowmoreaboutit,scientistsatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorkrecentlydidaresearchandcameupwithsomesurprisingfindings.Peoplewhopostselfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorsconnectedtonarcissism,theresearcherssaid.(67)MakanaChock,aprofessorfromSyracuseUniversity,saidbecausesocialmediaismostlyusedbypeopletoshareunimportantinformationabouttheirlives,itisagoodplaceforpeopleto"worktowardssatisfyingtheirownvanity."Those"likes"undertheirFacebookselfiesmakethemfeelgood.(68)Somepeoplefeel"peerpressure"topostselfiesandsomefollowthepopularbeliefthatifthereisnopictureofaneventorexperience,itdidnotreallyhappen."Anyway,itshouldn'tbeseenasnegative.Peoplegetsenseofsatisfactionespeciallywhentheygetlikes.Anditdoesnoharm,"Chocksaid.Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therearenomajordifferencesonhowoftenmenandwomenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.(69)Chocksaidpostingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotallthatdifferentfromwhatpeoplehavedoneformanyyears.Ontripsandspecialevents,ourparentsandgrandparentsusedcamerasinsteadofphonestotakephotos.Theywouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandfamily.Youhadnochoicebuttolookatthem.Youprobablycommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.Theywerehappytohearyourcomments.(70)Onsocialmedia,however,peoplecandecidenottolookatphotos--eveniftheyclick"like”SummaryW