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华东理工大学工商管理硕士学位论文第页附录1附录2附录3被访者背景资料DATE\@"M.d.yyyy"8.28.2022DATE\@"HH:mm"DATE\@"M.d.yyyy"8.28.2022DATE\@"HH:mm"00:05DATE\@"HH:mm:ss"00:05:58TIME\@"yy.M.d"22.8.28TIME\@"h时m分"0时5分TIME\@"h时m分s秒"0时5分58秒DATE\@"MMM.d,yy"Aug.28,22DATE\@"dMMMMyyyy"28August2022DATE\@"h:mm:ssam/pm"12:05:58AMDATE\@"HH:mm:ss"00:05:58TIME\@"yyyy年M月d日星期W"2022年8月28日星期日DATE\@"HH:mm:ss"00:05:58附录资料:不需要的可以自行删除常见的电脑英语查询大全3DNow!(3Dnowaiting)3DPA(3DPositionalAudio,3D定位音频)3DS(3DSubSystem,三维子系统)ABS(AutoBalanceSystem,自动平衡系统)AC(AudioCodec,音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)ACOPS:AutomaticCPUOverHeatPreventionSystem(CPU过热预防系统)ACPI(AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface,先进设置和电源管理)AE(AtmosphericEffects,雾化效果)AFR(AlternateFrameRendering,交替渲染技术)AGAS(AntiGlareAntiStaticCoatings,防强光、防静电涂层)AGP:AccelaratedGraphicPort(加速图形端口),一种CPU与图形芯片的总线结构AGU(AddressGenerationUnits,地址产成单元)AH:AuthenticationHeader,鉴定文件头AHA(AcceleratedHubArchitecture,加速中心架构)AL:ArtificialLife(人工生命)ALU(ArithmeticLogicUnit,算术逻辑单元)AMR(Audio/ModemRiser,音效/数据主机板附加直立插卡)AMR(Audio/ModemRiser;音效/调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡)AnisotropicFiltering(各向异性过滤)API(ApplicationProgrammingInterfaces,应用程序接口)APIC:AdvancedProgrammableInterruptController(高级程序中断控制器)APM(AdvancedPowerManagement,高级能源管理)APPE(AdvancedPacketParsingEngine,增强形帧解析引擎)ARP(AddressResolutionProtocol,地址解析协议)ASC(AntiStaticCoatings,防静电涂层)ASC(Auto-SizingandCentering,自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)ASCII(AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange,美国国家标准信息交换代码)ASIC:ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit(特殊应用积体电路)ASKIR(AmplitudeShiftKeyedInfra-Red,长波形可移动输入红外线)ASMO(AdvancedStorageMagneto-Optical,增强形光学存储器)ASPI(AdvancedSCSIProgramInterface,高级SCSI编程接口。它定义了当和SCSI主机适配器通讯时应用程序使用的一系列软件命令)AST(AverageSeektime,平均寻道时间)ATA(ATAttachment,AT扩展型)ATAPI(ATAttachmentPacketInterface)ATC(AccessTimefromClock,时钟存取时间)ATL:ActiveXTemplateLibrary(ActiveX模板库)ATM(AsynchronousTransferMode,异步传输模式)ATOMM(AdvancedsuperThin-layerandhigh-OutputMetalMedia,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)ATX:ATExtend(扩展型AT)AuxiliaryInput(辅助输入接口)AV(AnalogVideo,模拟视频)AVI(AudioVideoInterleave,音频视频插入)BackBuffer,后置缓冲Backfaceculling(隐面消除)BASIC:Beginner'sAll-purposeSymbolicInstructionCode(初学者通用指令代码)BattleforEyeballs(眼球大战,各3D图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)BCF(BootCatalogFile,启动目录文件)Benchmarks:基准测试程序数值BGA(BallGridArray,球状矩阵排列)BGA(BallGridArray,球状矩阵排列)BGA:BallGridArray(球状网格阵列)BHT(branchpredictiontable,分支预测表)BIF(BootImageFile,启动映像文件)BilinearFiltering(双线性过滤)BIOS(BasicInput/OutputSystem,基本输入/输出系统)BLA:BearnLandingArea(电子束落区)BMC(BlackMatrixScreen,超黑矩阵屏幕)BOD(BandwidthOnDemand,弹性带宽运用)BOPS:BillionOperationsPerSecond,十亿次运算/秒bps(bitpersecond,位/秒)BPU(BranchProcessingUnit,分支处理单元)BrachPediction(分支预测)BSD(BerkeleySoftwareDistribution,伯克利软件分配代号)BSRAM(BurstpipelinedsynchronousstaticRAM,突发式管道同步静态存储器)BTB/C:BranchTargetBuffer/Cache(分支目标缓冲)C2C:card-to-cardinterleaving,卡到卡交错存取CAD:computer-aideddesign,计算机辅助设计CAM(CommonAccessModel,公共存取模型)CAS(ColumnAddressStrobe,列地址控制器)CBR(CommittedBurstRate,约定突发速率)CC:CompanionChip(同伴芯片),MediaGX系统的主板芯片组CCD(ChargeCoupledDevice,电荷连接设备)CCIRN:CoordinatingCommitteeforIntercontinentalResearchNetworking,洲CCM(CallControlManager,拨号控制管理)cc-NUMA(cache-coherentnonuniformmemoryaccess,连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址)CCS(CutChangeSystem)CCT(ClockCycleTime,时钟周期)CDR(CDRecordable,可记录光盘)CD-ROM/XA(CD-ROMeXtendedArchitecture,唯读光盘增强形架构)CDRW(CD-Rewritable,可重复刻录光盘)CDSL:ConsumerDigitalSubscriberLine(消费者数字订阅线路)CE(ConsumerElectronics,消费电子)CEM(cubeenvironmentmapping,立方环境映射)CenterProcessingUnitUtilization,中央处理器占用率CEO(ChiefExecutiveOfficer,首席执行官)CG(ComputerGraphics,计算机生成图像)CGI(CommonGatewayInterface,通用网关接口)CHRP(CommonHardwareReferencePlatform,共用硬件平台,IBM为PowerPC制定的标准,可以兼容MacOS,WindowsNT,Solaris,OS/2,Linux和AIX等多种操作系统)CIEA:CommercialInternetExchangeAssociation,商业因特网交易协会CIR(CommittedInfomationRate,约定信息速率)CISC(ComplexInstructionSetComputing,复杂指令集计算机)CISC(ComplexInstructionSetComputing,复杂指令集计算机)CISC:ComplexInstructionSetComputing(复杂指令结构)Clipping(剪贴纹理)CLK(ClockCycle,时钟周期)ClockSynthesizer,时钟合成器CLV(ConstantLinearVelocity,恒定线速度)CMOS:ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor(互补金属氧化物半导体)CMOS:ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体CMOS:ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体COB(Cacheonboard,板上集成缓存)COB(Cacheonboard,板上集成缓存)COD(CacheonDie,芯片内集成缓存)COD(CacheonDie,芯片内集成缓存)COM:ComponentObjectModel(组件对象模式)COMDEX:ComputerDistributionExposition(计算机代理分销业展览会)compressedtextures(压缩纹理)ConcurrentCommandEngine,协作命令引擎COO(ChiefOrganizerOfficer,首席管理官)CP:CeramicPackage(陶瓷封装)CPGA(CeramicPinGridArray,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPGA(CeramicPinGridArray,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPGA:CeramicPinGridArray(陶瓷针脚网格阵列)CPS:CertificationPracticeStatement(使用证明书)CPU(CenterProcessingUnit,中央处理器)CPU:CenterlProcessingUnit(中央处理器)CPU:CenterProcessingUnit,中央处理器CRC:CyclicalRedundancyCheck(循环冗余检查)CRT(CathodeRayTube,阴极射线管)CS(ChannelSeparation,声道分离)CSE(ConfigurationSpaceEnable,可分配空间)CSS(CommonCommandSet,通用指令集)CSS:CascadingStyleSheets,层叠格式表CTO(ChiefTechnologyOfficer,首席技术官)CTS(CarpalTunnelSydrome,计算机腕管综合症)CTS(CleartoSend,清除发送)CVS(ComputeVisualSyndrome,计算机视觉综合症)DAC(DigitaltoAnalogConverter,数模传换器)DAC:DualAddressCycle,双重地址周期DAE(digitalAudioExtraction,数据音频抓取)DataForwarding(数据前送)DB:DeepBuffer(深度缓冲)DB:DeviceBay,设备插架DBS-PC:DirectBroadcastSatellitePC(人造卫星直接广播式PC)DCD:DocumentContentDescriptionforXML:XML文件内容描述DCE:DataCircuitTerminalEquipment,数据通信设备DCOM:DistributingComponentObjectModel,构造物体模块DCT:DisplayCompressionTechnology(显示压缩技术)DDC:DisplayDataChannel,显示数据通道DDRSDRAM(DoubleDateRate,双数据率SDRAM)DDSSII(DoubleDynamicSuspensionSystemII,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)DDSS(DoubleDynamicSuspensionSystem,双悬浮动态减震系统)DEC(DirectEtchingCoatings,表面蚀刻涂层)Decal(印花法,用于生成一些半透明效果,如:鲜血飞溅的场面)Decode(指令解码)DES:DataEncryptionStandard,数据加密标准DFL(DynamicFocusLens,动态聚焦)DFP(DigitalFlatPanel,数字式平面显示器)DFS(DigitalFlexScan,数字伸缩扫描)DFS:DynamicFlatShading(动态平面描影),可用作加速DHCP:DynamicHostConfigurationProtocol,动态主机分配协议DIB(DualIndependentBus,双独立总线)DIB:DualIndependentBus(双重独立总线),包括L2cache总线和PTMM(ProcesserToMainMemory,CPU至主内存)总线DIC:DigitalImageControl(数字图像控制)DigitalMultiscanII(数字式智能多频追踪)DIL(dual-in-line)DIMM(DualIn-lineMemoryModules,双重内嵌式内存模块)DIR(DirectRenderingInfrastructure,基层直接渲染)DirectionalLight,方向性光源DiscWizard(磁盘控制软件)Dithering(抖动)DLP(digitalLightProcessing,数字光处理)DLS-2(DownloadableSoundsLevel2,第二代可下载音色)DMA(DirectMemoryAccess,直接内存存取)DME:DirectMemoryExecute(直接内存执行)DMF:DistributionMediaFormatDMI(DesktopManagementInterface,桌面管理接口)DMT:DiscreteMulti-Tone,不连续多基频模式DNA:DistributedInternetApplication(分布式因特网应用程序)DNS(DomainNameSystem,域名系统)DOCSIS(DataOverCableServiceInterfaceSpecifications,线缆服务接口数据规格)DOF(DepthofField,多重境深)DOSD:DigitalOnScreenDisplay(同屏数字化显示)DotPitch(点距)dottextureblending(点型纹理混和)DoubleBuffering(双缓冲区)DP:DualProcessing(双处理器)DPC(DesktopPC,桌面PC)DPMS(DisplayPowerManagementSignalling,显示能源管理信号)DQL(DynamicQuadrapoleLens,动态四极镜)DRAM(DynamicRandomAccessMemory,动态随机存储器)DRDRAM(DirectRAMbusDRAM,直接RAMbus内存)DS3D(DirectSound3DStreams)DSD(DirectStreamDigital,直接数字信号流)DSL(DownLoadableSample,可下载的取样音色)DSL:DataStrobeLink,数据选通连接DSP(DigitalSignalProcessing,数字信号处理)DST(DriveSelfTest,磁盘自检程序)DTD:DocumentTypeDefinition,文件类型定义DTE:DataTerminalEquipment,数据终端设备DVD(DigitalVideoDisk,数字视频光盘)DVI(DigitalVideoInterface,数字视频接口)DX:指包含数学协处理器的CPUECC:ErrorCheckCorrect(错误检查纠正)DxR:DynamicXTendedResolution(动态可扩展分辨率)ISP(InternetServiceProvider,因特网服务提供商)ISVs:IndependentSoftwareVendors,独立软件购买者ITD(InterauralTimeDifference,两侧声音时间延迟差别)JIT:JustInTime,准时制生产JVM:JavaVirtualMachine,Java虚拟机KBC(KeyBroadControl,键盘控制器)KNI(KatmaiNewInstructions,Katmai新指令集,即MMX2)KNI(KatmaiNewInstructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)L1cache:Level1(一级)高速缓存,通常是集成在CPU中的,但现在也有把L2cache集成在CPU中的设计,如:Pentium2LB:LinearBurst(线性突发),是Cyrix6x86采用的特殊技术.L2TP(Layer2TunnelingProtocol,二级通道协议)LAN(LocalAreaNetwork,局域网)largetextures(大型纹理)Latency(潜伏期)LBA(LogicalBlockAddressing,逻辑块寻址)LCD(liquidcrystaldisplay,液晶显示屏)LCOS:LiquidCrystalOnSilicon(硅上液晶)LDAP:LightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol,轻权目录访问协议LDT(LightningDataTransport,闪电数据传输总线)LED(lightemittingdiode,光学二级管)LF(LinearFiltering,线性过滤,即双线性过滤)lighting(光源)lightmap(光线映射)LMDS:LocalMultipointDistributedSystem,局域多点分布式系统LocalInterconnect(局域互连)LocalPeripheralBus(局域边缘总线)LOM(LAN-on-Montherboard)L-SAGIC(LowPower-SmallApertureG1wihtImpregnatedCathode,低电压光圈阴极管)LVD(LowVoltageDifferential)LVD(LowVoltageDifferential,低分差动)LVDS:LowVoltageDifferentialSignal(低电压差动信号)MADD:乘法-加法指令MAG:乘法-累加指令,两浮点相乘后再和另一浮点数相加,可显著提高3D图形运算速度MALS(MultiAstigmatismLensSystem,多重散光聚焦系统)MBR(MasterBootRecord,主引导记录)MDA(MonochromeAdapter,单色设备)MDC(MobileDaughterCard,移动式子卡)MESI(Modified,Exclusive,Shared,Invalid:修改、排除、共享、废弃)MFC:MicrosoftFoundationClasses(微软基础类库)MFD:MultiFunctionDevice(多功能设备)MFLOPS(MillionFloationgPoint/Second,每秒百万个浮点操作)MHz(MillionHertz,兆赫兹)MHz:工作频率的单位兆赫兹(MegaHertz),1GHz=1000MHzMIDI:MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface(乐器数字接口)MIME:MultipurposeInternetMailExtension,多用途因特网邮件扩展协议MIOC:MemoryandI/OBridgeController,内存和I/O桥控制器MiPad(MultimodalInteractiveNotepad,多语态互动式记事本)mipmapping(MIP映射)MIPS(MillionInstructionPerSecond,百万条指令/秒)MIPS:MillionInstructionsperSecond(每秒钟百万条指令),是CPU速度的一个参数,当然是越大越好MMU(MultimediaUnit,多媒体单元)MMVF(Multi-MediaVideoFile,多媒体视频文件)MMX(MultiMediaExtensions,多媒体扩展指令集)MMX:MultimediaExtensions(这个大家应该很熟悉了,这种CPU有57新的64位指令,是自386以来的最大变化,另外还有SIMD架构等)MMX:MultiMediaExtensions,多媒体扩展指令集MNP:MicrocomNetworkingProtocalMODEM(ModulatorDemodulator,调制解调器)Modulate(调制混合)motionblur(模糊移动)MotionCompensation,动态补偿MP(Multi-Processing,多重处理器架构)MPGA:MicroPGA,散热和体积都比TCP小MPP(MassiveParallelProcessing,巨量平行处理架构)MPPS:MillionPixelsPerSecond,百万个像素/秒MPS(MultiProcessorSpecification,多重处理器规范)MRH-R(MemoryRepeaterHub,内存数据处理中心)MRH-S(SDRAMRepeaterHub,SDRAM数据处理中心)MRPII:ManufacturingResourcePlanning,制造资源计划MRP:MaterialRequirementPlanning,物料需求计划MRS(MidrangeServer,中型服务器)MRW(MidrangeWorkststion,中型工作站)MS:MagneticSensors(磁场感应器)MSN:MicrosoftNetwork,微软网络MSP:MediaStreamProcessor(媒体流处理器)MSRs(Model-SpecificRegisters,特别模块寄存器)MTBF(MeanTimeBeforeFailure,平均故障时间)MTH(MemoryTransferHub,内存转换中心)MTVPAK(MicrosoftTVPlatformAdaptationKit,微软TV平台适配套件)MultiThreadedBusMaster,多重主控Multi-ResolutionMesh,多重分辨率组合Multitexture(多重纹理)MUX:DataPathMultiplexor,多重路径数据访问NAOC(no-accountOverClock,无效超频)NAT(NetworkAddressTranslation,网络地址转换)NBC:NorthBridgeChip(北桥芯片)NC(NetworkComputer,网络计算机)NDA:non-DWORD-aligned,非DWORD排列NDIS:NetworkDriverInterfaceSpecification,网络驱动程序接口规范NDS:NovellDirectoryService,Novell目录服务nerestMipmap(邻近MIP映射,又叫点采样技术)NGIO(NextGenerationInput/Output,新一代输入/输出标准)NI:Non-Intel,非英特尔NI:Non-Intel,非英特尔NT(NewTechnology,新技术)OFDM(orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing,直角频率部分多路复用)OJI:OpenJavaVMInterface,开放JAVA虚拟机接口OLGA(OrganicLandGridArray,基板栅格阵列)OoO(OutofOrder,乱序执行)OPT:OptimizedProductionTechnology,优化生产技术Overdraw(透支,全景渲染造成的浪费)P3P(PrivacyPreferenceProject,个人私隐安全平台)P64H(64-bitPCIControllerHub,64位PCI控制中心)ParallelProcessingPerspectiveEngine(平行透视处理器)partialtexturedownloads(并行纹理传输)PC(PerspectiveCorrection,透视纠正)PCAV(PartConstantAngularVelocity,部分恒定角速度)PCB(printedcircuitboard,印刷电路板)PCBA(PrintedCircuitBoardAssembly,印刷电路板装配)PCISIG(PeripheralComponentInterconnectSpecialInterestGroup,互连外围设备专业组)PCI:PeripheralComponentInterconnect,互连外围设备PDA(PersonalDigitalAssistant,个人数字助理)PDS:PublicDirectorySupport,公众目录支持PGA:PinGridArray(引脚网格阵列),耗电大,适用用台式机PGA:Pin-GridArray(引脚网格阵列),耗电大PGA:Pin-GridArray(引脚网格阵列),耗电大PGC(ParallelGraphicsConfiguration,并行图像设置)PGP:PrettyGoodPrivacy,优良保密协议PIB(ProcessorInaBox,盒装处理器)PIB:ProcessorInaBox(盒装处理器)PIC(ProgrammableInterruptController,可编程中断控制器)PICS:PlatformforInternetContentSelection,因特网内容选择平台PIIX:PCIISA/IDEAccelerator(加速器)PIM:PersonalInformationManagement,个人信息管理系统pin:CPU的针脚PLL:PhaseLockLoop(阶段锁定)PIO(ProgrammedInputOutput,可编程输入输出模式)PIROM:ProcessorInformationROM,处理器信息ROMpixel(Pictureelement,图像元素,又称P像素,屏幕上的像素点)PLEDM:Phase-stateLowElectron(hole)-numberDriveMemoryPNP:PlugandPlay,即插即用POF:PolymerOpticalFiber,聚合体光纤pointlight(一般点光源)pointsampling(点采样技术,又叫邻近MIP映射)POP3:PostOfficeProtocolVersion3,第三版电子邮局协议PorousTungsten(活性钨)POST(PowerOnSelfTest,加电自测试)Post-RISCPPGA(PlasticPinGridArray,塑胶针状矩阵封装)PPGA(PlasticPinGridArray,塑胶针状矩阵封装)PPTP:PointtoPointTunnelingProtocol,点对点通道协议PQFP(PlasticQuadFlatPackage)PQFP(PlasticQuadFlatPackage,塑料方块平面封装)PR(PerformanceRate,性能比率)PR:P-rating,是一种额定性能指数,以Winstone96测试为基本(PR2用Winstone97),如PR-75即相当于奔腾75RISC:ReducedInstructionSetComputing(精简指令结构),是相对于CISC而言的ROB:ReorderBuffer(重新排序缓冲区)PrecisePixelInterpolation,精确像素插值PRML(PartialResponseMaximumLikelihood,最大可能部分反应,用于提高磁盘读写传输率)Proceduraltextures(可编程纹理)PSE36:PageSizeExtension36-bit,36位页面尺寸扩展模式PSN(ProcessorSerialnumbers,处理器序列号)PSN(ProcessorSerialnumbers,处理器序列号)PSU(PowerSupplyUnit,计算机电源)PXB:PCIExpanderBridge,PCI增强桥QBM(QuadBandMemory,四倍边带内存)QEM(QsoundEnvironmentalModeling,Qsound环境建模扬声器组)Qos:QualityofService,服务质量QPA:QuadPortAcceleration(四接口加速)ABP:AddressBitPermuting,地址位序列改变RAC(RambusAsicCell,Rambus集成电路单元)RADSL:RateAdaptiveDSL,速率自适应数字订阅线路RAMDAC(RandomAccessMemoryDigitaltoAnalogConverter,随机存储器数/模转换器)RARP(ReverseAddressResolutionProtocol,反向地址解析协议)RAS(RowAddressStrobe,行地址控制器)RawPCM:RawPulseCodeModulated(元脉码调制)RAW(ReadafterWrite,写后读)RCG:RAS/CASGenerator,RAS/CAS发生器RDF:ResourceDescriptionFramework,资源描述框架RDRAM(RambusDirectRAM,直接型RambusRAM)Reflectionmapping(反射贴图)RegisterContention(抢占寄存器)RegisterPressure(寄存器不足)RegisterRenaming(寄存器重命名)REMA:RealtimeExclusiveModeApplications,实时高级应用Remark(芯片频率重标识)render(着色或渲染)Resourcecontention(资源冲突)Retirement(指令引退)RF(RadioFrequency,无线电频率)RIMM(RAMBUSIn-lineMemoryModules,RAMBUS内嵌式内存模块)RISC(ReducedInstructionSetComputing,精简指令集计算机)RISC(ReducedInstructionSetComputing,精简指令集计算机)DXTC(DirectXTextureCompress,DirectX纹理压缩,以S3TC为基础)DynamicZ-buffering(动态Z轴缓冲区),显示物体远近,可用作远景EAX(EnvironmentalAudioExtensions,环境音效扩展技术)EB(ExpansionBus,扩展总线)EBR(ExcessBurstRate,超额突发速率)EC(EmbeddedController,嵌入式控制器)EC(EmbeddedController,微型控制器)ECC(ErrorCheckingandCorrection,错误检查修正)ECC:EllipticCurveCrypto(椭圆曲线加密)ECRS:EntryCallReturnStack(回叫堆栈),代替RAM存储返回地址.E-DDC(EnhancedDisplayDataChannel,增强形视频数据通道协议,定义了显示输出与主系统之间的通讯通道,能提高显示输出的画面质量)EdgeAnti-aliasing,边缘抗锯齿失真E-EDID(EnhancedExtendedIdentificationData,增强形扩充身份辨识数据,定义了电脑通讯视频主系统的数据格式)EEPROM(ElectricallyErasableProgrammableROM,电擦写可编程只读存储器)EFEAL(ExtendedFieldEllipticalApertureLens,可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头)EIDE(enhancedIntegratedDriveElectronics,增强形电子集成驱动器)EISA(EnhancedIndustryStandardArchitecture,增强形工业标准架构)EmbeddedChips(嵌入式)EMI(ElectromagneticInterference,电磁干扰)EMP:EmergencyManagementPort,紧急事件管理端口environmentmappedbumpmapping(环境凹凸映射)EPIC(explicitlyparallelinstructioncode,并行指令代码)EPIC:ExplicitlyParallelInstructionComputing(清晰平行指令计算),是一个64位指令集ERP(estimatedretailprice,估计零售价)ERP:EnterpriseRequirementPlanning,企业需求计划ES(EnergyStar,能源之星)ESCD(ExtendedSystemConfigurationData,可扩展系统配置数据)ESDJ(EasySettingDualJumper,简化CPU双重跳线法)浩鑫ESP:EncapsulatingSecurityPayload,压缩安全有效载荷ExecuteBuffers,执行缓冲区ExtendedBurstTransactions,增强式突发处理ExtendedStereo(扩展式立体声)FADD(FloationgPointAddition,浮点加)FAQ:FrequentlyAskedQuestions(常见问题回答)FAT(Tables,文件分配表)FBC(FrameBufferCache,帧缓冲缓存)FCPGA(FlipChipPinGridArray,反转芯片针脚栅格阵列)FDBM(Fluiddynamicbearingmotors,液态轴承马达)FDC(FloppyDiskController,软盘驱动器控制装置)FDD(FloppyDiskDriver,软盘驱动器)FDIV(FloationgPointDivide,浮点除)FDM:FrequencyDivisionMulti,频率分离FEMMS:FastEntry/ExitMultimediaState,快速进入/退出多媒体状态FEMMS:FastEntry/ExitMultimediaState,快速进入/退出多媒体状态FFT(fastFouriertransform,快速热欧姆转换)FID(FID:Frequencyidentify,频率鉴别号码)FIFO(FirstInputFirstOutput,先入先出队列)FIFO:FirstInputFirstOutput,先入先出队列FIR(finiteimpulseresponse,有限推进响应)FireWire(火线,即IEEE1394标准)Flat(平面描影)flipdoublebuffered(反转双缓存)flip-chip(芯片反转)FLOP(FloatingPointOperationsPerSecond,浮点操作/秒)Flow-control流控制FM(FrequencyModulation,频率调制)FM:FlashMemory(快闪存储器)FMDROM(FluorescentMaterialReadOnlyMemory,荧光质只读存储器)FMUL(FloationgPointMultiplication,浮点乘)fogtablequality(雾化表画质)Fog(雾化效果)FPU(FloatPointUnit,浮点运算单元)FPU:Floating-pointProcessingUnit(浮点处理单元)FPU:FloatPointUnit,浮点运算单元FR(FrequenceResponse,频率响应)FramesrateisKing(帧数为王)FRC:FrameRateControl(帧比率控制)FRC:FunctionalRedundancyChecking(冗余功能检查,双处理器才有这项特性)FRICC:FederalResearchInternetCoordinatingCommittee,联邦调查因特网协调委员会FrontBuffer,前置缓冲FSAA(FullSceneAnti-aliasing,全景抗锯齿)FSB:FrontSideBus,前置总线,即外部总线FSE(FrequencyShifterEffect,频率转换效果)FSUB(FloationgPointSubtraction,浮点减)FTP(Protocol,文件传输协议)FWH(FirmwareHub,固件中心)GART(GraphicAddressRemappngTable,图形地址重绘表)GDI(GraphicsDeviceInterface,图形设备接口)Ghost:(GeneralHardwareOrientedSystemTransfer,全面硬件导向系统转移)GigabyteGMCH(Graphics&MemoryControllerHub,图形和内存控制中心)GMR(giantmagnetoresistive,巨型磁阻)GouraudShading,高洛德描影,也称为内插法均匀涂色GPF(Generalprotectfault,一般保护性错误)GPIs(GeneralPurposeInputs,普通操作输入)GPS(GlobalPositioningSystem,全球定位系统)GPU(GraphicsProcessingUnit,图形处理器)GTF(GeneralizedTimingFormula,一般程序时间,定义了产生画面所需要的时间,包括了诸如画面刷新率等)GUI(GraphicsUserInterface,图形用户界面)GVPP(GenericVisualPerceptionProcessor,常规视觉处理器)HAL(HardwareAbstractionLayer,硬件抽像化层)hardwaremotioncompensation(硬件运动补偿)HCI:HostControllerInterface,主机控制接口HCT:HardwareCompatibilityTest,硬件兼容性测试HDA(headdiskassembly,磁头集合)HDSL:HighbitrateDSL,高比特率数字订阅线路HDTV(highdefinitiontelevision,高清晰度电视)HEL:HardwareEmulationLayer(硬件模拟层)HiFD(high-capacityfloppydisk,高容量软盘)hightrianglecount(复杂三角形计数)HL-PBGA:表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装HL-PBGA:表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装HPS(HighPerformanceServer,高性能服务器)HPW(HighPerformanceWorkstation,高性能工作站)HRTF(HeadRelatedTransferFunction,头部关联传输功能)HTA:HyperTextApplication,超文本应用程序HTML(HyperTextMarkupLanguage,超文本标记语言)HTTP(HyperTextTransferProtocol,超文本传输协议)HVD(HighVoltageDifferential,高分差动)I/O(Input/Output,输入/输出)I/O:Input/Output(输入/输出)IA(IntelArchitecture,英特尔架构)IA:IntelArchitecture(英特尔架构)IA:IntelArchitecture,英特尔架构IAB:InternetActivitiesBoard,因特网工作委员会ICD(InstallableClientDriver,可安装客户端驱动程序)ICH(Input/OutputControllerHub,输入/输出控制中心)ICMB:Inter-ChassisManagementBus,内部管理总线ICMP(InternetControlMessageProtocol,因特网信息控制协议)ICU(InstructionControlUnit,指令控制单元)ID:identify,鉴别号码ID:identify,鉴别号码IDCT(InverseDiscreteCosineTransform,非连续反余弦变换,GeForce的DVD硬件强化技术)IDE(IntegratedDriveElectronics,电子集成驱动器)IDF(IntelDeveloperForum,英特尔开发者论坛)IETF(InternetEngineeringTaskFramework,因特网工程任务组)IETF:InternetEngineeringTaskForce,因特网工程作业推动IEU(IntegerExecutionUnits,整数执行单元)IHVs:IndependentHardwareVendors,独立硬件购买者IID(InterauralIntensityDifference,两侧声音强度差别)IIR(infiniteimpulseresponse,无限推进响应)IKE:InternetKeyExchange,因特网密钥交换协议IMAP4:InternetMessageAccessProtocolVersion4,第四版因特网信息存取协议IMM:IntelMobileModule,英特尔移动模块IMM:IntelMobileModule,英特尔移动模块ImmediateMode,直接模式INFFile,信息文件)INIFile,初始化文件)InstructionColoring(指令分类)InstructionsCache,指令缓存Interactive3DAudio(交互式3D音效)InteractiveAround-Sound(交互式环绕声)Internet(因特网)IP(InternetProtocol,网际协议)IPC(InstructionsPerClockCycle,指令/时钟周期)IPPR:ImageProcessingandPatternRecognition(图像处理和模式识别)IR(infraredray,红外线)IrDA(infraredray,红外线通信接口可进行局域网存取和文件共享)IRQ(InterruptRequest,中断请求)IS:InternalStack(内置堆栈)ISA(instructionsetarchitecture,工业设置架构)ISA(instructionsetarchitecture,指令集架构)ISA:IndustryStandardArchitecture,工业标准架构ISDN(IntegratedServiceDigitalNetwork,综合服务数字网络)ISO/MPEG:InternationalStandardOrganization'sMovingPictureExpertGroup(国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)ISOC:InternetSociety,因特网协会RMA:RealMediaArchitecture(实媒体架构)RNG(RandomnumberGenerator,随机数字发生器)RPM(RotationPerMinute,转/分)RRVP:ResourceReserVationProtocol(资源保留协议)RSA(RivestShamirAdlemen,一种因特网加密和认证体系)RSD:RemovableStorageDevice(移动式存储设备)RSDS:ReducedSwingDifferentialSignal(小幅度摆动差动信号)RTC:RealTimeClock(实时时钟)RTOS(RealTimeOperatingSystems,实时操作系统)RTS(RequestToSend,需求发送)RTSP:RealTimeStreamingProtocol(实时流协议)S.M.A.R.T.(Self-Monitoring,AnalysisandReportingTechnology,自动监测、分析和报告技术)S/MIME:SecureMIME,安全多用途因特网邮件扩展协议S/PDIF(Sony/PhillipsDigitalInterface,索尼/飞利普数字接口)S3(Sight、Sound、Speed,视频、音频、速度)S3TC(S3TextureCompress,S3纹理压缩,仅支持S3显卡)S3TL(S3Transformation&Lighting,S3多边形转换和光源处理)SACD(SuperAudioCD,超级音乐CD)SAM(salesavailablemarket,可发售市场)SAP(SidebandAddressPort,边带寻址端口)SBA(SideBandAddressing,边带寻址)SBC:SouthBridgeChip(南桥芯片)SBFS:SimpleBootFlagSpecification,简单引导标记规范SC(ScreenCoatings,屏幕涂层)SC:StaticCore(静态内核)SCMA:SCSIConfiguredAutoMagically,SCSI自动配置ScreenBuffer(屏幕缓冲)SCSI(SmallComputerSystemInterface,小型计算机系统接口)SCT:SoftwareCompatibilityTest,软件兼容性测试SDK(SoftwareDevelopmentKit,软件开发工具包)SDRSDRAM(SingleDateRate,单数据率SDRAM)SDTV(StandardDefinitionTelevision,标准清晰度电视)Seagate硬盘技术SeaShield(防静电防撞击外壳)SEC:SingleEdgeConnector,单边连接器SEC:SingleEdgeConnector,单边连接器SEC:SingleEdgeContact(单边接触盒),是Intel的Pentium2CPU封装盒SEM(sphericalenvironmentmapping,球形环境映射)SET:SecureElectronicTransaction(安全电子交易)SGML:StandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguage,标准通用标记语言SGRAM(synchronousgraphicsRAM,同步图形随机储存器)Shading,描影ShadowMask(阴罩式)Shallow-trenchisolation(浅槽隔离)SIMD(SingleInstructionMultipleData,单指令多数据流)SIMD:SingleInstructionMultipleData,单指令多数据流SingleEnded(单终结)SinglePassMulti-Texturing,单通道多纹理SiO2F(FluoridedSiliconOxide,二氧氟化硅)SiO2F(FluoridedSiliconOxide,二氧氟化硅)SIS:SwitchedInternetworkingServices(交换式网络互联服务)SIV:SystemInformationViewer(系统信息观察)磐英SKIP:SimpleKeyExchangeInternetProtocol,因特网简单密钥交换协议SLI(ScanlineInterleave,扫描线间插,3Dfx的双Voodoo2配合技术)Slot1:Pentium2的主板结构形式,外部总线频率66MHzSlot2:Intel下一代芯片插座,处部总线频率达100MHz以上,有更大的SEC,主要用途是服务器,同时可安装4个CPUSMM:SystemManagementMode(系统管理模式),是一种节能模式SMA:ShareMemoryArchitecture,共享内存结构SmartFilter(智能过滤)SMB:SystemManagementBus(全系统管理总线)SMD:SurfaceMountDevice,表面安装设备SMI(SystemManagementInterrupt,系统管理中断)SMIL:SynchronousMultimediaIntegrateLanguage(同步多媒体集成语言)SMM(SystemManagementMode,系统管理模式)SMM(SystemManagementMode,系统管理模式)SMP(SymmetricMulti-Processing,对称式多重处理架构)SMP:GSymmeticMulti-ProcessorSMTP(SimpleMailTransferProtocol,简单邮件传输协议)SNMP(SimpleNetworkManagementProtocol,简单网络管理协议)SNR(SignaltoNoiseRatio,信噪比)SOAC(SystemOnaChip,系统集成多功能芯片)Socket7:奔腾级(经典Pentium和P55C)CPU的插座,外部总线频率83.3MHzSocket8:高能奔腾级CPU的插座,外部总线频率66MHzSP:ScratchPad(高速暂存区)SO-DIMM(SmallOutlineDualIn-lineMemoryModules,小型双重内嵌式内存模块)softreflections(柔和反射)softshadows(柔和阴影)SOI:Silicon-on-insulator,绝缘体硅片SOI:Silicon-on-insulator,绝缘体硅片SONC(Systemonachip,系统集成芯片)SOS(ServerOperatingSystems,服务器操作系统)SPD(SerialPresenceDetect,串行存在检查)SPD(SerialPresenceDetect,内存内部序号检测装置)SPEC(SystemPerformanceEvaluationCorporation,系统性能评估测试)spotlight(小型点光源)SPS(ShockProtectionSystem,抗震保护系统)SQRT(SquareRootCalculations,平方根计算)SRA(SymmetricRenderingArchitecture,对称渲染架构)SRAM(StaticRandomAccessMemory,静态随机存储器)SRAM:StaticRandomAccessMomory(静态随机存储器)SRR:SegmentRegisterRewrite(区段寄存器重写)SRS:SoundRetrievalSystem(声音修复系统)SSB:SuperSouthBridge,超级南桥芯片SSE(StreamingSIMDExtensions,单一指令多数据流扩充)SSE(StreamingSIMDExtensions,单一指令多数据流扩展)SSTL-2(StubSeriesTerminatedLogic-2)STA(SCSITradeAssociation,SCSI同业公会)STB(SetTopBoxes,电视顶置盒)STD(SuspendToDisk,磁盘唤醒)StencilBuffers(模板缓冲)STR(SuspendToRAM,内存唤醒)StreamProcessor(流线处理)SUA(SingleUserAccount,单用户帐号)SuperIntelligentSoundASIC(超级智能音频集成电路)SUPER-7:增加形Socket7,外部总线频率100MHz,AGP,L2/L3cache,PC98,100MHzSDRAMSuperscalar(超标量体系结构)SuperScalerRendering,超标量渲染SurroundSound(环绕立体声)SVR:SwitchingVoltageRegulator(交换式电压调节)SX:指无数学协处理器的CPUS端子(Seperate)T&L(TransformandLighting,多边形转换与光源处理)TBFB(TileBasedFrameBuffer,碎片纹理帧缓存)T-Buffer(T缓冲,3dfxVoodoo4的特效,包括全景反锯齿Full-sceneAnti-Aliasing、动态模糊MotionBlur、焦点模糊DepthofFieldBlur、柔和阴影SoftShadows、柔和反射SoftReflections)TCA(TwinCacheArchitecture,双缓存结构)TCO:TotalCostofOwnership,拥有总成本TCP(TransmissionControlProtocol,传输控制协议)TCP:TapeCarrierPackage(薄膜封装),发热小TCP:TapeCarrierPackage(薄膜封装),发热小TCP:TapeCarrierPackage(薄膜封装),发热小,适用于笔记本式电脑.TDP:TritonDataPath(数据路径)TDT(TimeingDetectionTable,数据测定表)texel(T像素,纹理上的像素点)TextureFidelity(纹理真实性)TextureModes,材质模式textures(纹理交换)TFT(thinfilmtransistor,薄膜晶体管)THD+N(TotalHarmonicDistortionplusNoise,总谐波失真加噪音)Throughput(吞吐量)TICRG:TungstenImpregnatedCathodeRayGun(钨传输阴级射线枪)TLB(TranslateLooksideBuffers,翻译旁视缓冲器)TLB:TranslationLooksideBuffer(翻译旁视缓冲器)TLBs(TranslateLooksideBuffers,翻译旁视缓冲器)TMIPM:TrilinearMIPMapping(三次线性MIP材质贴图)TPS:transactionspersecond,每秒处理事项数TQM:TotalQualityManagement,全面质量管理Transformation(三角形转换)Transparency(透明状效果)TrilinearFiltering(三线性过滤)TSC:Triton
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