Unit2 Using language（Grammar）课件-高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit2ExploringEnglish外研版（2019）英语必修一Usinglanguage(Grammar)010203DiscoveringtherulesStudyingtherulesApplyingtherules01

pineapple

basketball

pineapplebasketball01Discoveringtherulesbutterflybutterflymooncakemooncake01DiscoveringtherulesCanyoufindoutacommonfeatureofthesewords?…whethertherewashaminahamburger.Wecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting.Wecangetseasickatsea.Theyareinvisible.Discussion01Discoveringtherules

一种语言的词汇绝不能看作是无生命的、完全的整体。词汇是会通过其构词能力不断地生成和再生成的。构词法（根据一定的规律构成新单词的方法）Compounding（合成）Conversion（转化）Derivation（派生）Acronym（缩略）02StudyingtherulesCompounding（合成）createanewwordbycompoundingtwoormoreexistingwords(由两个或更多的词合成一个词)＋＝＋＝02Studyingtherules(1)n.+n.:airconditioner（空调）；bloodpressure（血压）(2)adj.+n.：centralbank（中央银行）；fastfood（快餐）(3)v-ing.+n.：washingmachine（洗衣机）；drivinglicense（驾驶证）(4)n.+v-ing.：story-telling（讲故事）；hand-writing（笔迹）(5)adv.+v.：outbreak（爆发）；output（产量）(6)v.+adv.：breakdown（故障）；feedback（反馈）1.合成名词02Studyingtherules2.合成形容词(1)词尾为过去分词或+ed:absent-minded（心不在焉的）；hand-made（手工的）(2)词尾为现在分词：good-looking（好看的）；easy-going（随和的）(3)词尾为形容词：duty-free（免税的）；homesick（想家的）3.合成动词overcome（战胜）;undergo（经历）4.合成副词whole-heartedly（全心全意地）;downstairs（在楼下）02StudyingtherulesFindtheCompoundingwordsinthereadingmaterialandgivethemeanings.Whilewe’redoingallthistravelling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.Andspeakingofhome,whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?seasick（晕船）;airsick（晕机）;carsick（晕车）;homesick（想家）;homework（家庭作业）;housework（家务事）【即学即练】02Studyingtheruleschangethepartofspeech（词性）(改变单词的词性)Conversion（转化）(1)动词名词Lookatme.Letmehavealook.(2)名词动词Openyourbook.Imustbooktheticket.(3)形容词动词Ourclassroomisveryclean.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.(4)形容词名词(意义改变)Youareright.Citizenshavetherighttospeakfreely.02Studyingtherules请大家判断词性转化类型,然后翻译句子(1)Letmehaveatry.(2)Youcould

shoulder

thetask.(3)Youshouldtryyourbesttobetteryourperformance.(4)Theyare

discussing

the

content

ofthe

story.v.-n.让我来试一试。n.-v.你可以承担这项任务。adj.-v.你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。adj.-n.他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。【即学即练】02StudyingtherulesDerivation派生byaddingaprefixor(and)asuffix(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词)unemployment单词=前缀词根后缀改变词义词的本意改变词性02StudyingtherulesPrefix-前缀by-inter-mid-under-1.表示否定的前缀：dis-il-im-ir-in-un-2.表示空间位置，方向的前缀：02StudyingtherulesPrefix-前缀ex-foremid-post-3.表示比较程度差别关系的前缀：extra-over-super-under…4.表示时间的前缀：5.表示重复的前缀：re-6.表示动化的前缀：en-02Studyingtherules1.表示否定意义前缀：Prefix-前缀dis-in-il-im-ir-mis-non-un-convenient→inconvenient(不方便的)legal→illegal(不合法的)possible→impossible(不可能的)responsible→irresponsible(不负责的)ability→disability(无能力;残疾)understand→misunderstand（误解）profit→non-profit（非营利的）certain→uncertain（不确定的）02StudyingtherulesPrefix-前缀by-“附近，邻近”road→byroad（侧道）under-“在......下面”ground→underground（地铁）inter-“在……间，相互”national→international（国际的）mid-“中间”night→midnight（午夜）,autumn→mid-autumn（中秋）re-“又,再”arrange→rearrange（重新安排）en-“使......”able→enable（使能够）pre-“前”war→pre-war（战前的）post-“后”war→post-war（战后的）2.表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀4.表示其他意义3.表示时间02Studyingtherulesadvantagesensitivemorallogicalreversible(可逆的）necessarydisadvantage不利的insensitive不敏感的immoral不道德的illogical无逻辑的irreversible不可逆的unnecessary没有必要的给以下单词加上前缀并猜测词义【即学即练】02StudyingtherulesSuffix-后缀-er:design→designer（设计者）-or:act→actor（演员）-ee:employ→employee（雇员）-ist:art→artist（艺术家）-ian:music→musician（音乐家）-ant:assist→assistant（助手）-ess:god→goddess(女神)-ness:careless→carelessness（粗心）-ment:achieve→achievement（成就）-dom:free→freedom（自由）-tion:attract→attraction（吸引力）-ance:accept→acceptance（接受）-ence:depend→dependence（依赖）-ture:mix→mixture（混合，混合物）-y:recover→recovery（恢复,痊愈）2.其他名词后缀02StudyingtherulesSuffix-后缀-able:avoid→avoidable（可避免的）-tive:attract→attractive(有吸引力的)-al:nation→national（民族的）-(i)ous:danger→dangerous（危险的）-ful:help→helpful（有帮助的）-less:care→careless（粗心的）-some:trouble→troublesome(有麻烦的)-ial:influence→influential(有影响力的)4.动词后缀-en:sharp→sharpen（使尖锐）-fy:simple→simplify（使简化）-ize:modern→modernize（使现代化）5.副词后缀-ly:happy→happily（高兴地）-s:indoor→indoors（在室内）-ward(s):toward（趋向）02Studyingtherules找出段落中的派生词并猜测词义Thegesture“thumb-up”iscommonlymisinterpreted.InEnglish,itispopularlyknownas‘thumbsup’,despitethefactthattheactioniscommonlyperformedwithonlyonehand.English-speakingCaucasiansuseittosignal‘OK’,whichisthesamemeaningasO.K.ringgesture.Tmonly通常地；misinterpret误解；popularly流行地；action动作；interchangeably可交换地【即学即练】02StudyingtherulesAcronym（缩略）Awordformedfromthefirstlettersofthewordsthatmakeupthenameofsth.（缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变）WorldHealthOrganization→WHOInformationTechnology→ITtelephone→phoneaeroplane→plane2.截头缩略1.首字母缩略examination→examlaboratory→lab3.去尾缩略02StudyingtherulesMatchthewordsinboldtothetypesofwordformation.1.changingthepartofspeech（词性）2.addingaprefix（前缀）orsuffix（后缀）3.abbreviating（缩略）4.combiningtwoormorewordsa.Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.b....sculptasculpturec.Whenwe…seerain…wecansay“itraining”…d.WHO【即学即练】03Studyingtherulesrain(形容词)________agree(反义)__________nation(形容词)_______farm(人)__________recent(副词)________friend(形容词)________hope(形容词)_______job(形容词)_________visit(名词)__________access(形容词)________eight(八十)________true(名词)___________kind(名词)_______China(形容词)________1.按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreightykindnessdisagreefarmerfriendlyjoblessaccessibletruthChinese03ApplyingtherulesPractice(II)用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空：HarryPotterisaboywhoisfullof________________(imagine)___________________(congratulate)!Youhavedonesowellinthegame.Ireceivedaletterof________________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.Hislate____________(arrive)madeamessofourplan.Tothe_________________(amaze)oftheparents,theirchildcanlookafterhimselfwithouttheirhelp.Hedidexerciseto______________