2021-2022学年广东省高三下学期第六次检测英语试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。.考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）Intheearlymorningallofusstoodatthetopofthemountaineastofthecity,watchingburningsunrising.A./;a B.the;aC.the;theD./;theTheChinesepeoplearehopefulfor2019willbringfortheirfamiliesandthecountry.A.how B.whichC.whatD.that—Whyareyousoupset?workagain.—Ihadmycomputerrepairedyesterday,butitworkagain.A.doesn't B.didn'tC.won'tD.wouldn'tHischildrenwerehispride,andbeingadevotedfatherbecameatop inhislife.A.capacityB.anxietyC.priorityD.opportunityWhenwasyoulastmetJennifer?Ihaven'tseenherforages.A.itthat B.it C.itwhat D.what•“ShallwegoforapicnicthisSaturday?・・・・WillnextSaturdaybeOK?A.Sure*it'suptoyou B.Sure,it'snoproblemC.Sorry,Ican'tmakeitD.Sorry,I'mnotavailabletoday-Mum,Idon'tthinkIamqualifiedenoughtodothis.-Honey,beconfident!Youshouldknowitis amanthinksofhimself reallydetermineshisfate.A.that;thatB.how;thatC.what;thatD.how;thatMyfatherinsistedthateveryminutemadefulluseof theworkwell.A.be,todo B.hasbeen,doingC.be,doingD.hasbeen,todoApublichealthcampaignthenumberofheartdiseasedeathsby80percentoverthepastthreedecades.A.hadreduced B.hadbeenreducedC.hasreducedD.hasbeenreducedItisthroughyearsofresearchscientistshavediscoveredtherelationshipbetweensocialmediaaddictionanddepression.A.sinceB.beforeC.thatD.when—WhereismyChinesebook?Iremember1putithereyesterday.・・・Youitinthewrongplace.A.mustput B.shouldhaveputC.mighthaveputD.mightputWhatmattersinlifeisworkinghardhardlyworking.A.aswellas B.lessthanC.ratherthanD.otherthanI'mmostawfullygratefultoyou.Ican'tthinkwhatIwithoutyou.A.coulddo B.woulddoC.shouldhavedoneD.musthavedone—WhatdoyouthinkofyourjourneytoYunnan?—Everythingisveryfantastic»especiallyitsfreshair.ltispleasant.A.breathedB.beingbreathedC.tobebreathedD.tobreathe—Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Wehavehalfanhouruntilthebasketballgame.—,Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.A.It'suptoyouB.GladtohearthatC.Youcan'tmissitD.ItjustdependsIthinkitagreathonortovisityourcountry.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvitedgoesupmustcomedown,andgasolinepricesarecomingdownfastinsomepartsofAmerica.WhereWhatWhichThatDayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,butsaywherehewas.A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.wouldn'tD.mightn'tForthefinalofourjourney,wedecidedtotakethecoach.A.legB.roundC.distanceD.path—Whereonearthhavetheygone?一Ihavenoidea,butIwishI.A.knowB.knewC.wouldknowD.wouldhaveknown第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（6分）Inthelate1950s,aRussiangeneticistcalledDmitryK.Belyaevattemptedtocreateatame（驯化的）foxpopulation.ThroughtheworkofabreedingprogrammeattheInstituteofCytologyandGeneticsatNovosibirsk,inRussia,hesoughttofindtheevolutionarypathwayoftameanimals.Histestsubjectsweresilver-blackfoxes,amelanistic（带黑色的）versionoftheredfoxthathadbeenbredinfarmsforthecoloroftheirfur.Heselectedtheanimalsbasedonhowtheyrespondedwhentheircagewasopened.About10%ofthefoxesdisplayedaweak“wild・re§ponse”,meaningtheyweredocilearoundhumans.Thosethathidinthecornerormadeaggressivevoiceswereleftinthefarm.Ofthosefriendlyfoxes,100femalesand30maleswerechosenasthefirstgenerationsofparents.Whentheyoungfoxeswereborn,theresearchershand-fedthem.Theyalsoattemptedtotouchorpetthefoxeswhentheyweretwototwo-and-a-halfmonthsold,forstrictlymeasuredperiodsatatime.Iftheyoungfoxescontinuedtoshowaggressiveresponse,evenaftersignificanthumancontact,theywerethrownawayfromthepopulation—meaningtheyweremadeintofurcoats.Ineachselection,lessthan10%oftameindividualswereusedasparentsofthenextgeneration.Bythefourthgeneration,thescientistsstartedtoseedramaticchanges.Theyoungfoxeswerebeginningtobehavemorelikedogs.Theywaggedtheirtailsand“eagerly”soughtcontactwithhumans.By2005-2006,almostallthefoxeswereplayful,friendlyandbehavinglikedomesticdogs.Thefoxescould“read"humanhintsandrespondcorrectlytogesturesorglances.1、WhatdoweknowaboutBelyaev'sbreedingplan?Itexplainshowredfoxeswerebred.Itfocusesonhowtameanimalsevolved.Itexplainswhypetfoxesbecamepopular.Itconcentratesonwhytameanimalsdisappeared.2、Howdidhechoosehistestfoxesintheexperiment?Byappearance.Bycolor.Byreaction.Byflexibility.3、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Smartfoxeswereusedfortesting.Thepurposeofselectionwasunclear.Friendlyfoxeswerekeptontesting.Theselectionwasnotexactandthorough.4、Whatisthedistinguishingcharacteristicofthefourthgenerationfoxes?Behavinginafriendlierway.Eatingplants.Havingdroopingears.Havingshortenedlegs.（8分）In2016,ateamofJapanesescientistsfoundbacteriacapableofbreakingdownand“eating”oneoftheworld'smostpopularplastics-polyethyleneterephthalate（PET）.Itwasvaluedasapotentialbreakthroughatthetime.ButanewdiscoverycameasateamofBritishscientistsexaminedanenzyme（酶）producedbytheJapanesebacteriatofindoutmoreaboutitsstructure.Whileoperatingthestructuretobetterunderstandhowitworked,theyaccidentallycreatedthechangedenzymethat'sevenmoreefficientatbreakingdownplasticbottles.Theresearchersarenowworkingtofurtherimprovetheenzymesoitcanbeusedonanindustrialscale.IfspossiblethatwithinthenextfewyearstherecouldbeanindustriallypossibleprocessforturningPETintoothersubstancessoitcanberecycled.Theabilitytoscaleuptheprocesswillbeimportant.Plasticpollutionisfastbecomingoneofthebiggestenvironmentalissuesofourtime.Morethan1millionplasticbottlesareboughtaroundtheworldeveryminute.MostofthesebottlesaremadefromPET,whichcantakeuptoOOyearstobiodegrade（生物降解）,andmanyareleftintheoceans.OverhalfofglobalPETwasteisnotcollectedforrecyclingandonly7percentofbottlesarerecycledintonewbottles.Somescientistssaythebreakthrough,thoughpromising,isnowherenearenoughtosolveourpollutioncrisis.Theseenzymesarenotabundantlypresentinnature.Soyouwouldneedtoproducetheenzymefirst,thenaddittothePETplastictodegradeitJThisislikelytobeaslowprocess.IfyouhavegonethroughthetroubleofcollectingthePETwaste,thenthereareclearlyfarbetterwaystorecycleitorburnitforenergy,MsaidWim,headoftheIndustrialBiotechnologyCenter.Hesuggestedtheuseofcommerciallyavailablebiodegradablebioplasticswouldstillbeabetterbet.1、WhatunexpecteddiscoverydidtheBritishscientistsmake?Aneffectivewaytodealwithplasticwaste.ApotentialsolutionincollectingPETwaste.Thewaytounderstandthestructureofenzymebetter.TherealvalueofthediscoverybyJapanesescientists.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theprocess99inParagraph3actuallyreferto?Theprocesstofindtheenzyme.Theprocesstomakemoreplastics.TheprocesstoreducethePETwaste.TheprocesstoproducekindofnewPET.3、WhatistheproblemaboutrecyclingthePETwaste?Largequantitiesofplasticbottlesareused.OceanplasticwasteishardertobiodegradeC.MostofthePETwasteisleftwithouttreatment.D.MostoftheplasticproductsaremadefromPET.4、Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?Theenzymedoesnotexistinnature.Theenzymehashelpedtosolvetheplasticproblems.Burningplasticwasteforenergyisnowthebestwaytoridit.WehavealongwaytogotousetheenzymetorecyclePETwaste.23.（8分）Fei・FeiLiarrivedintheU・S.fromChinaatage16withmanybigdreams.Andittookmanyunusualjobstohelpherachievethem.Luckily,shewassmartandextremelydriven.Andtoday,she'sthedirectorofStanfordUniversity^artificialintelligencelab.“AsoneoftheleadersintheworldforA.L.,Ifeelmuchexcitementandresponsibilitytocreatethemostawesomeandexcellenttechnologyforsocietyandtoeducatethemostawesomeandexcellenttechnologists—that'smycalling/5Lisaid.Sheisalsoaloyaladvocatefordiversityinthetechindustry.“IseeextremelytalentedStanfordPhDstudentsstrugglingwiththeirvisasandIfinditunthinkablethatwecreatesomanybarriersforthetalentsoftheworld”,Lisaid.WhileLiwasincollegeatPrinceton,sheborrowedmoneyfromfriendsandevenherhighschoolmathteachertorunadry-cleaningbusinessforherparentsinordertohelpthemgetby.Liattendedclassesduringtheweekandworkedatthebusinessontheweekends.Then,whenLiwasingraduateschool,hermomdevelopedcancerandhadastroke（中风）.“Itwasdifficulttokeepmovingaheadwhileallofthiswashappening.Therealexistentialchallengeistoliveuptoyourfullestpotential,liveuptoyoursenseofresponsibilityandtobehonesttoyourselfaboutyourdreamswhiledoingit,“shesaid.LiwasnamedaGreatImmigrantof2016bytheCarnegieCorporation,thenation'soldestgrantmakingfoundationwhichhonorsroughly40naturalizedU・S.citizenseachyear.HergraduatestudiesweresupportedbythePaul&DaisySorosFellowshipsforNewAmericans.1、WhatdoweknowaboutFei-FeiLiaccordingtoParagraph1?ShewasbornintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Shehasmademanyofherdreamscometrue.Sheworkedveryhardbecauseshe'snotgifted.She'snowdoingresearchesonAIinChina.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“calling”inParagraph2referto?Interestintechnology.B.Desiretohelp.C.Creativityinscience.D.Senseofduty.3、WhatwasFei-FeiLi'slifelikebeforeshegraduatedfromuniversity?A.Shehadbeenstrugglingwithhervisa.Bothherparentssufferedfromillness.Herfamilywasfacedwithatightbudget.Itwasdifficultforhertoattendclasses.4、Fei-FeiLihasachievedsuccessbecause・herawarenessofherdutyandgoalsmadeadifferenceanAmericanfoundationgavehersupporttheCarnegieCorporationnamedheraGreatImmigrantshewasluckyenoughtoborrowmoneyfromothers24.（8分）Photographyhasopenedoureyestoamultitudeofbeauties,thingsweliterallycouldnothaveseenbeforetheinventionofthefrozenimage.Ithasgreatlyexpandedournotionofwhatisbeautiful,whatisaesthetically（审美上）pleasing.Itemsformerlyconsideredtrivial,andnotworthanartist'spaint,havebeenrevealedandhonoredbythephotograph:thingsasordinaryasafencepost,achair,avegetable.Andastechnologyhasdeveloped,photographershaveexploredcompletelynewpointsofview:thoseofthemicroscope,theeagle,thecosmos.Whatisitthatdelightsthehumaneyeandallowsustoclaimthataphotographisbeautiful?Photographydependsonthetrinityoflight,composition,andmoment.Lightliterallymakestherecordingofanimagepossible,butintherighthands,lightinaphotographcanmaketheimagesoar.Thesameistruewithcomposition.Whatthephotographerchoosestokeepinoroutoftheframeisallthatwewilleversee-butthatcombinationisvital.Andthemomentthattheshutterispressed,whenaninstantisfrozenintime,providesthewholeimagewithmeaning.Whenthethree-light,composition,andmoment-areinbalance,thereisvisualmagic.Light,composition,andmomentcometogetherinaphotographtobringustheultimatereality:aviewoftheworldunknownpriortotheinventionofthecamera.Beforephotography,thebasicartisticrulesofpaintingwererarelybroken.Imagesweremadetoplease,nottocapturereality.Butasphotographyevolved,painterlyruleswereoftenreactedinthepursuitoffreshvision.Photographersbecameinterestedintherealworld,goodandbad,anditwastheaccidentaldetailthatwascelebrated.Photographyinvitedtheworldtoseewithneweyes-toseephotographically-andalloftheartshavedrawnnewinspirationfromthischange.Withthesebasicaesthetictools,photographershaveevolvedfromscientistslongingto"fix"animage——anyimage—toartisticrevolutionaries.Photographshavecreatedanewwayofseeing,changedourideasofbeautyand,mostimportantly,madeartmoredemocratic.Theyhavegivenusvisualproofthattheworldisgranderthanweimagined,andthatthereisbeauty,oftenoverlooked,innearlyeverything.1、Beforetheinventionofphotography,whichofthefollowingwasleastlikelytoappearinanartisticwork?Agreatperson.Alovelyinsect.Agrandbuilding.Abeautifullandscape.2、Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?lbarguethatphotographicbeautyissubjective.Toexplaintheevolutionoftheconceptofbeauty.Todescribetheelementsthatmakeasuccessfulphoto.lbillustratedifferenttypesofphotographictechniques.3、Howhasphotographyaffectedotherartforms?Ithasreducedtheirpopularity.Ithasforcedthemtochangetheirrules.Ithaschangedtheirmethodsofcomposition.Ithasprovidedthemwithnewpointsofview.4、Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingphotographyhas“madeartmoredemocratic**?A.Ithasexpandedtheconceptofartisticbeauty.B・Ithaschallengedthestatusoftraditionalartforms.Ithasenabledthedevelopmentofnewartistictools.Ithasallowedmorepeopletotakepartincreativeactivities.25.（10分）TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs（地画）intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.Itisrangingfromgeometricpatternstodrawingsofdifferentanimalsandstylizedhuman-likeforms.Theancientlinescanonlybetrulytakeninfromhighintheair9leavinggenerationspuzzledastohowthesepreciseworkscouldhavebeencompletedlongbeforethedocumentedinventionofhumanflight.TheLineswerefirstspottedwhencommercialairlinesbeganflyingacrossthePeruviandesertinthe1920,s.Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?Aretheyroads,starpointers,maybeevenagiganticmap?Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?Didtheyhaveaplan?Thesemarkingsarelikeavastpuzzle.TheNazcaLinesarethemostoutstandinggroupofgeoglyphsintheworld.TherearealsohugegeoglyphsinEgypt,Malta,UnitedStates(MississippiandCalifornia),Chile,Boliviaandinothercountries.ButtheNazcageoglyphs,becauseoftheirnumbers,characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuityastheyweremadeandremadethroughoutacertainhistoryperiod,formthemostimpressivearcheological(考古学的)group.TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate(oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear)andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.Withnodustorsandtocovertheplainandlittlerainorwindtoerode(腐蚀)it,linesdrawnheretendtostaydrawn.Thesefactors,combinedwiththeexistenceoflighter-coloredsubsoilbeneaththedesertsurface,provideavastwritingpadthatissuitedtotheartistwhowantstoleavehismarketernal.1、283.WhatcanweknowabouttheNazcaLinesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?Theywerebuiltasabigmap.Theywereformedbynature.Theyareancientlinesincaves.Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert.2、285.HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.3、287.WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel.Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil.Becauseoftheclimateandgeography.Becauseofthethicksandonthetop.4、289.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"eternal"probablymean?A.Non-stop.B.Ever-lasting.C.Real-life.D.High-end.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26.（30分）I'moneofthefortunateoneswithoutmuchfloodimpactonmyhome.Today,Iwentovertoafriend'shousetohelpwiththe1there.Theflashfloodbrokeabasementwindow,2thebasementuptoeightfeetAcrewofherfriendshadbeenpullingupthecarpetandmoving3allmorningwhenIarrived.Sheaskedmetohelpmove_4itemsoutofabackroomwherethecarpetwas5pulledoutTherewasathree-footsquareof6infrontofadoor,andonitsatatallcactus（仙人掌）inablue7Ourfriendhadaskedustobe8withthatplant.ithadbeenhermother's.Thewomanhelpingmehadbeenthereallmorning,and9shewasgettingtiredandIwas10 >atonepointsheaskedmetojusttellherwhattodo.Ithought,ifwecouldgettheflooronthatlittle11underthecactuscleanedup,itwouldmakeourfriendfeel12So.togetherwe13thecactusenoughtogetthemudoutfromunderit,andI14thefloor.ThenIaskedmyhelpertogetsomewaterand15getthatlittlesquareoffloor 16 .ItwassmalljobthatIthoughtwouldhe17forher,sinceshe'dworkedsomuchalready.Whenourfriendcamebackinto18us,shewasreallyaffectedbywhatwehad19andlthinkourtakingsomuchcarewithhermom'splantdidwhatIhoped.Sheshouted,andsmiled,andputherhandtoherheart.Ithinknwasa20forher,justtoseeonelittlespacesoclearofmud1>A.repairB.decorationC.cleanupD.painting2、A.filledB.separatedC.enlargedD.lifted3、A.clothingBpicturesB.desksC.furniture4、A.usedB.mendedC.damagedD.recycled5、A.stillB.alreadyC.evenD.ever6、A.floorB.grassC.blanketD.step7>A.cupB.poolC.potD.cupboard8、A.concernedB.ashamedC.guiltyD.careful9、A.althoughB.sinceC.unlessD.until10、A.freshB.tallC.intelligentD.handsome11nA.plantB.carpetC.sectionD.wood12、A.sadderB.betterC.dirtierD.calmer13、A.plantedB.wateredC.straightenedD.moved14、A.clearedB.dugC.fuelledD.covered15、A.hardlyB.nervouslyC.reallyD.occasionally16、A.colorfulB.cleanC.crowdedD.exact17、A,easyB.accessibleC.importantD.possible18、A.callonB.careforC.checkonD.turnt19、A.expectedB.offeredC.sentD.accomplished20、A.experienceB.reliefC.beliefD.duty第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27.（15分）语法填空Dogsarethebestfriendsofman.Itisagoodideatogivethemtraining.（actual）,trainingadogisverydifferentfromtraininghumans.Ofcourse,youhavetodealwithsomecharacteristicsofyourdogatfirst.Dogtrainingisnotreally2・easytask.Youmustbe3.（patience）andworkhard.Dogtrainingistheprocessofteachingthemhow4.（follow）somebasicorders,dotricks,huntandsoon.Thereisalotofspecifictrainingthatyoucangiveyourdog.But,ifyouarestilla5.（begin）,theprocesscouldbeabitdifficult.Lookforguidesandtrytofigureout6.wouldbeagoodwaytotrainyourdog.Withthehelpoftheseguides,youcansavetime7.（learn）whatyoushoulddo,especiallyiftheguides8.（write）byexpertdogtrainers.Trainingit9.（you）willtakemoretimethanhiringsomeonetotrainitforyou.10・thistrainingisyourchancetogetclosertoyourdog,andtheresultsisworthyoureffort.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IhaveaclosefriendRex,whoItakeasmybetterfriendinthisschoolforforeignstudents>ImethimwhenIarrivedonafirstday,andhewashelpingwithnewstudentstofinddirections^Irememberclearlyhegavemeabroadsmile,andourfriendshipbegan、Heisveryhumor,andhehasendlessinterestingstoriestheymakemeamused>Besides,heisveryunderstandingsHe,salwayscomfortingmewhenIinlowspirits、Heeveninvitesfriendslivenearbytoplaywithmetoovercomemyhomesickness>Rexteachmemuchaboutmycountry'slanguageandculture、AlthoughIamtostaythereforjustayear,Iwilltreasurethefriendshipforever第二节书面表达（满分25分）（25分）学校邀请了长江大学的李明博士做一个“如何做好职业生涯规划”的讲座，请你以学生会的名义写一份书面通知，2019年1月24日发出，内容如下：.讲座时间：1月27日（星期日），上午8:30/1:30.讲座地点:校学术报告厅.注意事项:……（至少两项）参考词汇:职业生涯规划careerplanning学生会Students'Union注意：1.词数100左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。NOTICE参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）1、A2、C3、A4、C5、A6、C7、C8、A9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、D15、A16、D17、B18、C19、A20、B第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21、Manyteensinhighschoolwanttotryoutforsports.Alotofthemtryoutbecausetheythinkitwillmakethempopularorgetthemmoredates.Whilethismayseemlikeasillyreason,therearelotsofotherbenefitstosportsthatyourchildrenmayfailtonotice.WithTV,movies,computersandvideogamesbecomingmoreandmorepopular,ithasbecomesomucheasierforteenstobebythemselvesratherthangoingoutwithfriends.Kidsusedtogohangoutatthemallordrivearoundtown;nowtheyjustsitathome.Gettingyourteensintoasportgivesthemachancetogooutandspendtimewithotherpeoplesocially.Whiletheymaynotfindanewbestfriend,theywilllearnhowtocommunicatewithoneanotherandworkasateamandthey91!findsomethingusefullaterinlife.Moreandmorekidsarebecomingoverweight.Joiningateamsportwillhelpteensgetoutandgetsomeexercisewithoutfeelingpressuredtoloseweightorgetinshape.What'smore,ifyourteensseethattheirphysicalconditioniscausingthemtounder-perform,theymaybeencouragedtodootheractivitiestogethealthy.Bythetimeyourchildrenreachtheirteenageryear,partofgoodparentingwillbeprovidingthemwithdirectionandencouragementandcontinuingtohelpthemdevelopahealthystyleofliving.Thesedays,ifsbecominghardertoshowyourteenagersthatyouloveandsupportthem.Agreatwaytodothisisbyshowinguptotheirgame,helpingthe