2018年高考英语真题(浙江卷)含答案

绝密★启用前2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?She'sgenerous.B.She'scurious.C.She'shelpful.Whendoesthetrainleave?At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.Howdoesthewomangotowork?Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanregret?Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatistheman?Ahotelmanager.B.AtourguideC.Ataxidriver.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?Lookingforsomelocalfoods.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.Showingheraroundtheseaside.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?C.Atarestaurant.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?C.Workextrahours.A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?C.Catherine.A.Mike.B.Joan.听第9段材料，回答第13至C.Catherine.16题。Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.Tohaveamealtogether.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize.B.It'snewlypainted.C.It'sadequatelyequipped.Whatwillthewomanmostprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown,B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.Howdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.He'sproud.B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mosetxpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostwerelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens'greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepa名人堂6）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourowculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.Theywerepopularamongtherich.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.A.hisreputationinFrancehisinterestinmodernarthissuccessinpublicationhisimportanceinliteratureWhatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.Toencouragestudiesonculture.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts（收银台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.z.x.xkTheindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.Recyclethewastematerial.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?A.Bansonplasticbags.Effectsofcitydevelopment.Headachescausedbygarbage.Plasticbagshungintrees.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?A.Theyarequiteexpensive.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Plastic,PaperorNeitherIndustry,PollutionandEnvironmentRecycleorThrowAwayGarbageCollectionandWasteControlCAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（装配线）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.zxx.kThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachaneetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.ToshowtheinflueneeofcarsonAmericanculture.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperienee.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.—31Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房产）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.32___Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearaneeoftheneighborhoodseriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag._33_Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.34Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.___35Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearaneeoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit36tohavetoomuch?I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso38ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodomyhomework,andIhadtodoit39WhenIgotintocollege,things40.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis_41_therewasnosenseof_42todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilitlaterbecame43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44mystudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothepointwhereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmyworkalone.OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47alotofmoneyrunningasideline（副业）.Sincehisregularjobwas48,Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe5^thejob,hewouldlosehis52toworkandsucceed.So,try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa54thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska55persontodoit.A.tueA.rememberB.fairB.admitC.strangeC.understandD.possibleD.expect38AwatchedB.loved.C.CoachedD.played39.A.allastB.rightawayC.ofcourseD.matteredD.40.A.happendB.repeatedC,changedmattered41.A.extraB.difficult.C.valuableD.limited42.A.dutyB.achievementC.urgencyD.directionD.habit43.A.burdenB.reliefC.risk44.A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling45.A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff46.A.metB.helpedC.treatedD.hired47.A.raisingB.wastingC.demandingD.making48.A.safeB.importantC.boringD.rewarding49.A.luckilyB.hardlyC.hopefullyD.simply50AchildhoodB.collegeC.townD.business51Aquit52.A.heartB.foundB.chaneeC.acceptedC.driveD.keptD.way53.A.savingB.fillingupC.givingupD.trading54.A.messageB.storyC.sayingD.fact55.A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.kind非选择题部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59_(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI(shock)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto里(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmumshome_65__dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华,你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：口语能力：相关经验;应聘目的。注意:1词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。学@科网第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydad'sfriend,pickedusupfromtheairportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.HiswifeTinacookedusadelici