英语语音教程-课件2

ChapterIPronunciationUnit2Vowels（Ⅰ）元音(1)FOCUSTheFrontVowels前元音TheBackVowels后元音TheCentralVowels中元音PrinciplesofMonophthongs单元音的发音原则Exercises练习ChapterIPronunciationUnit2V1.TheFrontVowelsCommonFeaturesoftheFrontVowels前元音共同点1. Thefrontofthetongueisraisedtovariouslevelsinthedirectionofthehardpalate;2. Thetipofthetongueisusuallykeptdownbehindthelowerteeth;Thelipsarespread.1. 舌前部向上腭抬高，但不接触；2. 舌尖轻触下齿；3. 气流通过气管经口腔而出，不受任何发音器官阻碍。1.TheFrontVowelsCommonFeat1.TheFrontVowels[i:]BriefDescription发音要领1. Thefrontofthetongueisraisedtoaheightslightlybelowandbehindthefrontcloseposition;2. Thelipsarespreadandthetongueistense;3. Thesiderimsmakeafirmcontactwiththeuppermolars;Itisgenerallylong.1. 舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬腭抬起；2. 嘴唇向两旁平伸成微笑状，双唇成扁平形；3. 舌边触及牙齿；4. 声音较长。1.TheFrontVowels[i:]Brief1.TheFrontVowels[i:]BriefDescription发音要领[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。特殊用法：当冠词the出现在由元音开头的单词前时，发[i:]音:theapple theorange theocean theoldtheonion theice theelephant theEngland1.TheFrontVowels[i:]Brief1.TheFrontVowels[i]BriefDescription发音要领1. Relaxlipsandpartthemslightly;2. Lowertonguealittlebitfromthepositionfor[i:];3. Itisshorterindurationthan[i:].1. 舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比[i:]低，比[e]高；2. 唇形扁平，牙床开得比[i:]宽，比[e]窄；3. 可从发[i:]出发，将小指尖放在上下齿之间，舌前部也随之稍稍下降，即可发出[i]。1.TheFrontVowels[i]BriefD1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[i:].1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI11.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI2.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords，andpayattentiontothemonogramof[i].1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI21.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI3.Pairpractices.Readthefollowingwordsloudly,contrastingthepairsofwords.[i:]-[i]beat-bit sheep-ship leave-live peak-pick teen-tindeed-did neat-knit deep-dip seen-sin meal-mill1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI31.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI4.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingphrases,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[i:]or[i].eatalotofmeat feelveryweak attheageofsixteentheEastSeaFleet mylittlesister averybigcityaverysillymistake givemesix arealsecretjoinafootballteam haveameeting sweetindeedinthisdistrict lifeinabigcity attheofficeafunnystory seeitalready fishintheseafeedthebaby greetthevisitors1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI41.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI5.Listentotherecording,andreadthefollowingsentences,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[i:]or[i].(1)Wecaneasilyreadtheagreement. (2)Pleasefreezethepeas.(3)Doyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield? (4)Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(5)Neitherhenorshebelievesme. (6)Bringchickenfordinner.(7)Jimisinthepicture (8)Theprettywomenarebusyinthegym.(9)Bringchickenfordinner. (10)Thelittleinnisthebestinthevillage.(11)Sixsheepweresickontheship. (12)Jimeatscheapships.(13)Heleavesmethismeaslylittlemeal. (14)Pleasepeelthebeetsandstringthebeans.1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI51.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI6.Listentotherecordingandcirclethewordthatyouhearintheparentheses.(1)The(deem/dim)roomisnotgood. (2)Isn’tshegoingto(leave/live)?(3)Nothing(seek/sick),nothingfind. (4)First,youmust(heat/hit)it.(5)Bigaudiences(feel/fill)thehall. (6)Asmall(leak/lick)willsinkagreatship.(7)These(hills/heels)arequitehigh. (8)Thehostessgreetedherguestswith(ease/is).(9)Don’t(sleep/slip)onthegrass. (10)Howtoget(rid/read)ofit?1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI61.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI7.Listentotheconversationsandmakearoleplaywithyourpartner.(1) —Yourfeetareinterriblecondition.Theyneedtreatment. —Iagree,Doctor.Myfeetdoneedtreatment. —Thetreatmentfortherefeetistoeatlotsofvegetables,butnomeatforatleastaweek. —Nomeat,Doctor? —Irepeat.Youmustnoteatmeatforatleastaweek. —ButIdoeatgreenvegetables,Doctor.AndIdon’teatmeatatall. —Thenyoudon’tseemtoneedanytreatment. —ButDoctor,myfeet! —Nextpatient,please.(2) A:Shegivesmeabigheadache. B:Iknow.It’sreallyannoying.(3) A:What’swrongwithyou? B:Ifeelalittlesicktoday.1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI71.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI8.Enjoythetonguetwister,andimitatethepronunciation.(1) Tim’steamwaslickedbytheleakingroof.(2) PipandPeteshippedthesheepshipscheaply.(3) ThosebinsareforBillBeal’sbeans.(4) DoesJimstillstealJill’sjeans?(5) WillWheeler’steamgetmanyhitsintheheat?1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseI81.TheFrontVowels[e]BriefDescription发音要领1. Thetonguebodyisshiftedtowardinthemid-plane;2. Thefrontofthetonguetouchesthelowerteeth;3. Thebacktongueislowerinthemouth;4. Thelipsarespread.1. 舌前部稍抬起，比/i:/低；2. 舌尖抵下齿；3. 舌根压低；4. 唇形稍扁。1.TheFrontVowels[e]BriefD1.TheFrontVowels[æ]BriefDescription发音要领1. Thedistancebetweenthelipsisratherwide.Thefrontofthetongueisverymuchlowered.1. 双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形，两齿间距离较大，可以容纳食指和中指；2. 舌尖抵下齿。1.TheFrontVowels[æ]BriefD1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[e].1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII2.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[æ].a: add sad bag bad map cap hat fat mad gas pattern gather fact mass catch man ran hand bank thank salary family absent stampai: plaid plait1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII3.Pairpractices.Readthefollowingwordsloudly,contrastingthepairsofwords.[e]-[æ]guess-gas pack-peck then-than wreck-rack ten-tandead-dad merry-marry pen-pan end-and lend-land1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII4.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingphrases,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[e]or[æ].standattheback aredfagtothemass followthefashionmarryFrank aredletterday dressedinherbestatalllevel Theless,thebetter. aredfagtothemassfollowthefashion afatcat pressthebellreadthemap letthecatoutoftheflag flattertheguesttrafficcongestion therestlessmass remembertheexamgetthesack forgettheplan1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII5.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingsentences,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[e]or[æ].(1)Fredsaiditagainandagain. (2)Betterlatethannever.(3)Alliswellthatendswell. (4)Eastorwest,homeisbest.(5)Bettertodowellthantosaywell. (6)Iguessthisbookwillbeabestseller.(7)Let’sgeteverythingreadyfortheparty. (8)Don’tspendeverypennyyouget.(9)Theweatherisverypleasanttoday. (10)NeverforgetyourbestfriendsinAmerica.(11)Afactisafact. (12)Catchthatmadblackcat.(13)Packthebags. (14)Herplaidjackethasblacksnaps.(15)Hangyourcaponthestand.1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII6.Listentotherecording,circlethewordthatyouhearintheparentheses.(1) Asgood(beg/bag)ofanakedmanasamiser.(2) Thekingalwayshasservantsathis(beck/back)andcall.(3) (Send/Sand)andvarnishachair.(4) Theycomehomefromforeign(lend/land).(5) Thecarwascomplete(wreck/rack).(6) Shewassmoking(hem/ham).(7) Nowtheweatherisfine,(then/than)nasty.(8) Whataperfect(pet/pat)ofadress!(9) Doyouhaveanyjet(leg/lag)?(10)Therewasthesoundofa(step/stap)outsidethedoor.1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII7.Enjoythetonguetwister,andimitatethepronunciation.(1) Pathadaredragonherhead.(2) Themensaidithadasadending.(3) ThenextguestpattedFredontheback.(4) I’mverybusy,butI’llbebackagainnextSaturday.(5) Theblackladwasverysadbecausehisdadhaddiedinabadaccidentinthefactory.1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII8.Listentotherecording,andreadthefollowingshortpassage.TheSackOnedayamanwentofftothemarkettobuyrice.Unfortunately,helostthesackontheway.Hewenthomeandtoldhiswife,“Themarketistoobusytoday,andbesidesIlostmysack.”Hiswifeaskednervously,“So,whataboutthemoney?”“Oh,noproblem.It’ssafe.Ihavetiedittothebottomofthesack.”1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII9.Pairpractices.Readthefollowingwordsloudly,contrastingthepairsofwords.[i:]&[i]seen-sin feast-fist green-grin cease-sisbeet-bit eat-it[i]&[e]peck-pick bed-bid mess-miss met-mittbeg-big left-lift[e]&[i:]bet-beat fell-feel bled-bleed said-seedsays-sees met-meat[æ]&[i:]fat-feet sat-seat sad-seed lap-leaphat-heat ten-tin[e]&[æ]pen-pan guess-gas merry-marry end-andsaid-sad head-had1.TheFrontVowelsExerciseII2.TheBackVowelsCommonFeaturesoftheBackVowels（后元音共同点）1. Thetongueisretracted;2. Thebackpartisraisedtovariouslevelsinthedirectionofthesoftpalate;3. Thetipofthetongueisslightlydrawnawayfromthe

lowerteeth.1. 舌头向后缩回；2. 舌后部向上腭抬起，但不接触上腭；3. 舌尖离开下齿。英语后元音发音要领：舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软腭抬起，除[a:]外，双唇要收圆。2.TheBackVowelsCommonFeatu2.TheBackVowels[a:]BriefDescription(发音要领)1. Thetongueisverylowinthemouth;2. Thelipsareneutrallyopen.

口张大，舌尖平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿。2.TheBackVowels[a:]BriefD2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[a:].ar: party large park dark card cart army art start market far car star bar hard harsh march regarda: class pass mask glass draft fast master bananafather ask bath glance after drama command basket rather halfear:heart2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII2.Listentotherecording,andreadthefollowingwords，andunderlinethemonogrampronouncing[a:].farm last bark cart smart pardon disaster mark parcelmask father garden depart remark demand castle advance chanceafter2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII3.Listentotherecording,andreadthefollowingsentences,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[a:].(1)Alargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard.(2)FarmerBarnesisahardmanforabargain,butheisn’thard-hearted.(3)Thepartystoppedathalfpastfive.(4)Alargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard.(5)It’sveryhardtostartthecar.(6)Pleaseparkthecarinthecarpark.(7)Thedogkeepsbarkinginthedark.(8)Whatshehasdoneisfarfromthemark.(9)Hefastenedtheparceltothebasket.(10)AfterclassMarkwillgotothegarden.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII4.Listentotheconversationsandmakearoleplaywithyourpartner.(1) A:Myfatherhasnevertraveledabroad. B:MyfatherhaslivedinAmericaforthreeyears.(2) A:Keepcalm,It’snothingserious. B:ButI’msoworried.Idon’tknowwhattodo.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII5.Enjoythesong,andfollowit.Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhatyouare!Upabovetheworldsohigh,Likeadiamondinthesky;Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhatyouare!2.TheBackVowelsExerciseIII2.TheBackVowels[

]BriefDescription发音要领C1. Thelipsslightlyforwards;2. Thebackofthetongueisinthefullyopenposition.1. 舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。2. 可先发[..:]，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双唇稍稍收圆（不要突出）即可发出。2.TheBackVowels[]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[

:]BriefDescription发音要领C1. Thetongueisverylowinthemouth;2. Thelipsarefullyopenbutslightrounded.1. 舌身降低；2. 长元音，双唇更圆，向前突出，舌后部抬得较高。2.TheBackVowels[:]BriefD2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[ɔ].2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ1.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ2.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords丆andpayattentiontothemonogramof[ɔ:].2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ2.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ3.Pairpractices.Readthefollowingwordsloudly,contrastingthepairsofwords.[ɔ]-[ɔ:].spot-sport tot-taught forks-fox cot-court for-fourcot-caught cock-cork shot-short pod-poured not-naught2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ3.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ4.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingphrases,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[i:]or[i:].2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ4.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ5.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingsentences,circlethewordswiththepronunciationof[ɔ]or[ɔ:].(1)Theclockhasstopped. (2)Copythesong,it’snotlong.(3)Losttimeisneverfoundagain. (4)Lotsandlotsofclockshavegonewrong.(5)Sheiseatingahotdogatthedoorway. (6)Pridegoesbeforeafall.(7)Georgesawasawhangingonthiswall. (8)Yououghttohavebroughtyourdaughter.(9)IthoughtAudreysawalawyer. (10)IsawPaulinthehall.(11)Betterreporttothepoliceofficerwalkingthere.(12)Iboughtadog. (13)Whatsortofdog?(14)Thedoorislocked.(15)Heborrowedahorsefromthepeopleinasmallvillage.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ5.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ6.Listentotherecordingandcirclethewordthatyouhearintheparentheses.(1) It’s(awed/odd)thathehasn’ttelephonedme.(2) Thetrainwas(chalk/chock)-fulloftravelers.(3) Theseeffortshavecometo(naught/not).(4) Itisnearly(dawn/don).(5) Theydonot(stalk/stock)flowers,onlyfruit.(6) Youlookgoodinthat(collar/color).(7) Isthe(cost/coast)allright?(8) Whatwasthe(call/coal)made?(9) He’sinthe(bucks/box).(10)The(cut/cot)isuncomfortable.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ6.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ7.Enjoythetonguetwister,andimitatethepronunciation.(1)Tom’sgotalotofdotsonhispocket.Ifhewantstowashoffthedots,hewilluseapotofhotwater.(2) Whenadoctordoctorsanotherdoctor,doeshedoctorthedoctoreddoctorthewaythedoctoreddoctorwantstobedoctoredordoeshedoctorthedoctoreddoctorthewaythedoctoringdoctorwantstodoctorthedoctor?(3) GeorgesawtherewerealotofspotsonTom’spocketuntilTomwashedthemoffwithhotwater.(4) Froggy-boggysatonarock; Froggy-boggyhadagreatshock; Froggy-boggyfelloffthetop; Intothepondhefellwithaplop.2.TheBackVowelsExerciseⅣ7.2.TheBackVowels[u:]BriefDescription发音要领1. Thetonguepositionisveryhigh;2. Thetongueisretractedfromitsrestpositionandraisedtowardsthesoftpalate.

双唇收圆，向前突出，舌后部尽量抬起，向前软腭抬起。2.TheBackVowels[u:]BriefD2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领

Thelipsarefairlycloselyroundedbutthelipsareheldratherslacklyandonlyslightlyprotruded.1.舌尖不触下齿,舌后部向软腭抬起,舌身后缩。2.双唇收圆，稍向前突出。2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[u:].2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领2.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords，andpayattentiontothemonogramof[u].u: put bush sugar bullet push full pull butcheroo: foot cook wood cook look took good stood woolenoul: should could would2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领3.Pairpractices.Readthefollowingwordsloudly,contrastingthepairsofwords.[u]-[u:]shoot-should stood-stewed cook-kookfoot-food look-Luke pull–poolhood-who’d could-cooed full-fool should-shooed2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领4.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingphrases,andcirclethewordswhichpronounce[u:]or[u].havealook footthebill bookaroomputthehoodonthehook abitcrooked pushthebutcheragood-lookingwoman agoodcook choosetwonotoolstodoitwith abluemoontoosoon moveintotheroomnomood whoseshoes bringfoodtoschoolprovetobetrue nomoodforreadingthebook toogoodtobetruehavealookatthetooth2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领5.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingsentences,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[u:]or[u].(1)Chooseeitherbootsorshoes. (2)Whosaidthesoupwastoocool?(3)SoonitwillbeJune. (4)Chooseblueforthenewroom.(5)Don’tlosetheopportunity. (6)Thistableismadeofverygoodwood.(7)Youcouldandyoushouldcookthefood.(8)Thecooktooksomesugarandputitinthesoup.(9)Hepushedthecaranditrefusedtomove. (10)Iknowyoucouldbutyouwouldn’tdoit.(11)ThegoodpoolroomisbookedforTuesdayatnoon.(12)Thecookstoodandlookedathisnewshoes.(13)Thecookforgottoputsugarinhispudding.(14)Don’tputthebulletinhisboot. (15)Youshouldchoosebetweenthetwo.2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领6.Listentotherecording,circlethewordthatyouhearintheparentheses.(1)Theysaidthey(could/cooed). (2)Theysaidhewasa(cook/kook).(3)We’ll(pull/pool)themall. (4)Didtheysay“(fool/full)enough”?(5)Thegirlsaidthey(should/shooed). (6)Didyousaysomebody(would/wooed)?(7)Whatabeautiful(pull/pool)? (8)(Look/Luke),areyouOK?2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领7.Listentotheconversationsandmakearoleplaywithyourpartner.(1)A:Mymotherisagoodcook. B:Mymotherisaterriblecook.(2)A:Youlookgreattoday. B:Thanks.(3)A:IwanttoimprovemypoorEnglish. B:ThenyoushouldstudyCrazyEnglish.(4)A:Youmusttellthetruth. B:ButI’mafraidtotellthetruth.2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDescription发音要领8.Enjoythetonguetwister,andimitatethepronunciation.(1)Howmanycookiescouldagoodcookcookifagoodcookcouldcookcookies?Agoodcookcouldcookasmuchcookiesasagoodcookwhocouldcookcookies.(2)Mr.Cooksaidtoacook:“Lookatthiscook-book.It’sverygood.”SothecooktooktheadviceofMr.Cookandboughtthebook.(3) WouldyouliketogotothenewswimmingpoolwithusnextTuesday? Thetwofoolsatecoolnoodlesinthebedroomyesterdayafternoon.(4) AtnooninJunewhentheflowersdroop, Andtheroofingskyisbule; Whenthedovescroonthroughthegloomofthetrees, Whatdowechoosetodo? Whytotrooptothepoolwherethewateriscool? Seemsfartoogoodtobetrue.2.TheBackVowels[u]BriefDe3.TheCentralVowelsCommonFeaturesoftheCentralVowels中元音共同点Themiddleofthetongueisraisedtowardsthedividinglinebetweenthehardandthesoftpalates,thelippositionisneutral,thatisthelipsareheldnaturallyandnormally.1. 舌尖离开下齿；2. 舌中部抬高，舌身自然、平伸；3. 唇形扁平而放松；4. 气流通过气管经口腔而出，不受任何发音器官阻碍，没有任何摩擦。3.TheCentralVowelsCommonFe3.TheCentralVowels[ʌ]BriefDescription发音要领1. Thelippositionisneutral;Thetongueisaroundtheapproximatemiddleofthemouth,butshiftedslightlyback.1. 舌中部稍抬起；2. 开口程度和[æ]相似，唇形扁；3. 从元音[ɔ]出发，将圆唇改为扁唇，即可发出。3.TheCentralVowels[ʌ]Brief3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIo: ton son honey dozen mother other color cover money one someu: up mud cup thus such gun fun thunder cut luck jump study suckou: rough touch couple double enough cousin tough southernoo: flood blood1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[ʌ].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIlove much lucky must trust buck under truck hurryduct color drug courage cluck husband honey plunder bugfunny2.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords，andunderlinetheletter(s)pronouncing[ʌ].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIloveeachother muchmoney hurrytomakebucksdoubleDutch justforfun buildupthefundsafunnycouple fromcovertocover adrugaddictatoughson asuddenjump luckydog3.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingphrases,andcirclethewordspronouncing[ʌ].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVI(1)Runquicklyandjumponthebus! (2)Sheneverhasenoughmoney.(3)TheymustcomeonMonday. (4)Herhusbandisverylucky.(5)Helovesnothingbutmoney. (6)Ilovemyowncountry.(7)Shetrustsalmosteveryone. (8)Whatcoloristhetruck?(9)Heishardnuttocrack. (10)Don’ttouchthegun.(11)Hurryup,thebusiscoming. (12)Everycountryhasitscustoms.(13)Wellbegunishalfdone. (14)Thereisamutterandgrumbleintheground.4.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingsentences,andcirclethewordspronouncing[ʌ].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVI(1) Don’ttroubletrouble,untiltroubletroublesyou.(2) Torunandplayunderthesunisfun.Whenyourworkisdone,comeoutinthesunandhavesomefun.5.Listentothetonguetwister.3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVI[ʌ]&[ɔ]cut-cot;luck-lock;duck-dock;rub-rob;fund-fond;gun-gone[ʌ]&[æ]suck-sack;hut-hat;cup-cap;rug-rag;truck-track;mud-mad[ʌ]&[a:]cut-cart;duck-dark;come-calm;much-march;hut-heart;cluck-clerk6.Pairpractices.Readthefollowingwordsloudly,contrastingthepairsofwords.3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVI7.Listentotherecordingandcirclethewordthatyouhearintheparentheses.(1) Somesmallchildrenareafraidofthe(duck/dark).(2) Don’t(puck/park)thecarinthisstreet.(3) Iheardaloud(pup/pop).(4) Isyou(luck/lock)good?(5) Doesthe(color/collar)oftheshirtsuityou?(6) Canyougetridofthose(nuts/knots)forme?(7) Isthis(rug/rag)anygood?(8) What’smatterwithyour(uncle/ankle)?3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowels[ə:]BriefDescription发音要领(1) Thelipsarespread;(2) Thetongue-tipisdrawnawayfromthelowerteeth;(3) Themainbodyofthetongueisratherflat,onlythemiddleofthetongueissomewhatraisedinthedirectionofthesoftpalate.(1) 唇形扁，双唇和发[i:]时相似；(2) 舌尖不接触下齿；(3) 舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。3.TheCentralVowels[ə:]Brie3.TheCentralVowels[ə]BriefDescription发音要领1. Itisashort,half-open,laxcentralvowel;2. Thetonguepositionisaboutthesameasthatfor[ə:];Itisalwayspronouncedextremelyshort,whenitoccursfinallyandbeforeapausethetonguepositionislowerandmoreopenthanthatfor[ə:].Itonlyoccursinunstressedsyllables.1.舌位与发[ə:]音时相同；2.牙床半开半合，唇形扁或中长；3.只出现在非重读音节中。3.TheCentralVowels[ə]Brief3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIIer: her term service serve certain merchant

personir: first girl bird dirty shirt thirsty

firm third siror: world word worse worship work wormour: journey journal courtesy scourgeear: early earth earn learn heard earlur: nurse turn urge burn occur fur

murder church purse surface1.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords,andpayattentiontothemonogramof[ə:].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIIa: ago about above abroad among again admire asleep attemptaheadagree attend alone along amuse accept attacke: movement oxygen moment happeni: holidayo: polite upon method projectu: difficultar: collarsugarer: teacher paper worker general river better butter otheror: doctor effort inventor forget laborou:famous lustrous journeyur: pursue purchasere: centre meter2.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwords，andpayattentiontothemonogram

of[ə].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIIwork hurt murder curse purpose church furtive thirtyaround manager formal later distance member committeejourney certain perfect purchase earnest worst search furnishreturn happen occasion accident opera attend fever danger3.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingwordsandunderlinetheletter(s)pronouncing[ə:]or[ə].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVIIworkasanurse gotochurch alongjourneyanervousnurse acommitteemember aconsiderablecostarriveattheoffice neverforget serveinthearmyapersonalinterview anearlybird adirtyshirtfeelveryembarrassed laterthatday alongtheriveramongtheworkers adropofwater thedoctor’sdaughteratthecounter asheetofpaper4.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingphrases,andcirclethewordswhichpronounce[ə:]or[ə].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVII(1)Firstcomefirstserved. (2)Itistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.(3)Perfectservicedeservesanearnestandworthyreturn.(4)Thechurchwasburntdownthirtyyearsago.(5)Thegirlwasmurderedthreedaysago.(6)Givemesomebutterandsugar.(7)Let’sgoforawalkalongtheriver. (8)Thedriver’syoungersisterisapopsinger.(9)Shehasbeenawayfromhomeformorethanamonth.(10)Youshouldavoidmakingsuchamistakeinthefuture.(11)Thedriver’syoungersisterisapopsinger.(12)Shehasbeenawayfromhomeformorethanamonth.(13)Youshouldavoidmakingsuchamistakeinthefuture.(14)Firstthingsfirst. (15)Onegoodturndeservesanother.5.Listentotherecording,readthefollowingsentences,andcirclethewordswiththepronunciationof[ə:]or[ə].3.TheCentralVowelsExercise3.TheCentralVowelsExerciseVII(1) Thenursesinskirtswashedthirtydirtyshirts.(2) Wormssquirmintheearth Whenfirstisheard Themurmurandchirp Oftheearlybird(3) Butterandsugarandeggsandflour, Beatthemagainforhalfanhour, Bakethecakefo