高三英语语法综合复习课件7

Polar­icemeltdownSomescientistswarnthaticeneartheEarth'sPolesmayindeedbemelting.This“polarmeltdown”maybethefirstsignthattheEarthisheatingup.Wecouldbeinveryserioustroubleifthistrendcontinues.①Itisestimatedthatameltdownofaslittleas10percentofModule1DeepSouthPolar­icemeltdownModule11Antarctica‘sicewouldraisesealevelsaroundtheglobeby4to9meters.Floodswouldcoverlow­lyingregionsandturncoastalcitieslikeNewYorkandNewOrleansintoreallifeunderwaterworld.Scientistsfirstpredictedinthe1970sthatheattrappedintheEarth'satmospherecouldcauseapolarmeltdown.Manypeoplenowbelievethathumanactivitiesareturninguptheheat.Whenweburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoil，weaddcarbondioxide(CO2)gastotheEarth'satmosphere.CuttingdowntreesalsomakesCO2levelsriseAntarctica‘sicewouldrais2becausetreesnormallysoakupCO2tomakefood.ScientistssayhigherCO2levelsstrengthenthe“greenhouseeffect”andcouldincreasetheEarth'stemperature.②Infact，CO2levelshaverisenby30percentsincetheIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thand19thcenturies.Overthepastthreeyears，satellitemeasurementshaveshownasealevelriseofaboutaquarterinchworldwide.③“Ifnothingisdonetoreducefossil­fuelpollutionandglobalwarming，sealevelswillriseevenmore.”saysgeologistRichardAlley.becausetreesnormallysoakup3ButevenAlleyadmitsthatapolarmeltdownwouldtaketime.TheiceinAntarcticaandArcticlocksupnearlyninetimesthevolumeofwatercontainedinalltheworld'sriversandlakes.Thesearesuchbig“icecubes”anditwouldprobablytakethousandsofyearstomeltthem.AnotherscientistCharlesBentleydoesn'tthinkameltdownwillhappenatall.“Evenifwarmertemperaturesbegintomeltpolar­ice，”hesays，“theexcessmoisturewouldmostlikelyberedepositedassnow.”Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.ButevenAlleyadmits4①这次会议预计要开4天。Itisestimatedthatthemeetingwilllastfourdays.②产量比去年至少提高了20%。Theoutputhasrisenbynolessthan20percentoverthelastyear.③如果明天天好，我们将外出。Ifitisfinetomorrow，wewillgoouting.1．佳句仿写一二三1．佳句仿写一二三5Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.换句话说，融化的冰将会蒸发到大气中，再凝固，然后以雨或雪降落到极地。

2．翻译佳句，放眼高考2．翻译佳句，放眼高考6Ⅰ.单词识记1．________n．apersonwhotravelstounknownplacesinordertofindoutmoreaboutthem2．________n．thetotalamountofrainthatfallsinaparticularareainaparticularamountoftime3．________adj.difficulttostayorlivein，especiallybecausethereisnoshelterfromtheweatherPeriodOneIntroduction,ReadingandVocabularyⅠ.单词识记PeriodOneIntroduct74．________v．tomakesomebody/somethingunsteadyandindangeroffalling5．________v．tohelpsomethingtohappenordevelop6．________adj.happeningordoneonceeveryyear7．________n．thedistancefromthetoporsurfacetothebottomofsomething8．________n．aformalagreementbetweentwoormorecountries9．________adj.connectedwiththebuyingandsellingofgoodsandservices4．________v．tomakesomebody/s810．________adj.(ofpeople，politicalorganizations，opinions，etc.)farfromwhatmostpeopleconsidertobenormal，reasonableoracceptable答案1.mercial10．extreme10．________adj.(ofpeople，poli9Ⅱ.短语天地1．________________几乎为零2．________________处于一种冰冻状态3．________________平均4．________________使适应5．________________显眼，出色6．intheformof________________7．setfooton________________8．inparticular________________9．reachadepthof________________10．bemadeupof________________Ⅱ.短语天地10答案1.closetozero2.inafrozenstate3.onaverage4．adaptto5.standout6.以……形式7.踏上，进入8．尤其9.深度达到……10.由……组成答案1.closetozero2.inafroz11Ⅲ.语境助记Antarcticaisaninhospitableplace，withannualrainfallclosetozero.Itiscoveredwithiceinafrozenstatealltheyearround.Onaverage，thedepthoftheiceistwokilometers.Insomeplaces，itreachesthedepthoffivekilometers.Itattractsmanyexplorerstosetfootontheland.Butrecently，atreatyissignedtopreventthecommercialuseofthecontinent，in

particulartheuseofmilitary.Ⅲ.语境助记12Withannualrainfallclosetozero，Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.[信息提取]with复合结构作状语，表示原因。[例句仿写]由于很多学生的发音很差，他们从头开始。Withsomanystudents__________________theirpronunciation，theystartedfrombeginning.1．Ⅳ.句型搜索1．Ⅳ.句型搜索13Ahighmountainrange，theTrans­Antarcticarange，runsfromeasttowest，cuttingthecontinentintwo.[信息提取]cuttingthecontinentintwo是现在分词短语作状语。[例句仿写]她丈夫去世了，给她留下了三个孩子和许多债务。Herhusbanddied，________herthreechildrenandalotofdebts.2．Ahighmountainrange，theTran14Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle，butheneversawland.[信息提取]Notuntil放在句首要用倒装语序。[例句仿写]直到他告诉我，我才意识到这件事多么严重。Notuntilhetoldmeaboutit，__________thethingwassoserious.答案1.weakin2.leaving3.didIrealize3．Notuntilthelate18thcentur15ChoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetextWhichofthefollowingsentencesisWRONGaboutAntarctica?A．Antarcticaisnotonlythecoldestplacebutalsothedriestplaceonearth.B．Antarcticaisthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld.C．Ahighmountainrange，theTrans­Antarcticarange，cutsthecontinentintwo.D．Antarcticaholds70%oftheworld'siceand90%oftheworld'sfreshwater.1．A．Ⅴ.预读理解1．A．Ⅴ.预读理解16WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisRIGHTaboutthewildlifeinAntarctica?A．Thereareflyingbirds，seals，whalesandonetypeofplants.B．ThelongAntarcticawinternight，theextremecoldandlackofrainfallmakefewtypesofplants.C．Therearesometreesonthelargecontinent.D．Onlytwotypesoffloweringplantsarefoundandnoformsofalgaecangrowonice.2．Whichofthefollowingdescrip17Antarcticarocksareveryimportantforresearchbecause________．A．therockhasbecomeawindowonthepastB．gasesandmineralstrappedintherockscantellusalotabouttheweatherinthepastC．mostoftherocksaremeteoritesfromouterspaceD．mostAntarcticarocksaredarkincolor3．Antarcticarocksareveryimpo18________crossedtheAntarcticaCircleinthelate18thcentury.A．TheBritishexplorerJamesCookB．TheexplorercalledNorwegianC．TheexplorercalledCarstensD．TheexplorercalledBorchgrevink4．________crossedtheAntarctica19B．FillintheblanksaccordingtothepassageHeadingmainideaPart1ThelandAntarcticaisaninhospitableplacetoliveinbecauseitisthe1.________andthedriestcontinentonearthandis2.________coveredwithice.Part2PlantsandanimalsAsaresultofits3.________conditionsonlyfewtypesofplantscansurvivethere，butitisfullof4.________.B．Fillintheblanksaccording20Part3Agreatplacefor5.________Antarcticiceandrockscangiveresearcherslotsofusefulinformation.Part4ThediscoveryofAntarcticaAntarcticawasthe6.________continenttobediscoveredandCarstensBorchgrevinkwasthefirstmanto7.________theAntarcticmainland.Part3Agreatplacefor5.____21Part5TheAntarcticTreatyTheaimofthetreatysignedby12countriesisto8.________AntarcticaandAntarcticahasbecomethemostsuccessful9.______ofman'seffortstoworktogetherfor10.________andpeace.答案A1.D2.B3.C4.AB1.coldest2.permanently3.extreme4.wildlife5．researchers6.last7.setfoottect9.symbol10．progressPart5TheAntarcticTheaimof22promotevt.支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升(通常用被动语态)；促进，促销Theorganizationaimstopromotecooperationbetweenthetwonations.该组织旨在促进两国之间的合作。Throughouthistory，advertisinghasbeenaneffectivewaytopromotethetradingandsellingofgoods.纵观历史，广告是促进商品销售的一种有效办法。1．promotevt.支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升(通23(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位bepromotedto...被升为……promotedevelopment/understanding促进发展/加深了解(2)promotionn．提升，晋级；鼓励；提倡get/win/gainpromotion得到/争取晋升She'sjustbeenpromotedtochiefeditor.她刚刚被提升为总编辑。(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth24【完成句子】①他努力工作，想得到晋升。Heworkedhardto________________．②由于出色的工作，他被提升为总经理。Hehas________generalmanagerbecauseofhisexcellentworkinthecompany.答案①get/win/gainpromotion②beenpromotedto【完成句子】25trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地)；使无力改变；使落网；诱骗；储存，留存；n.陷阱；困境；圈套Thetwomendiedwhentheyweretrappedinaburningbuilding.这两名男子因被困在燃烧着的大楼里而丧生。IwastrappedintoadmittingthatIhadlied.我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎了。(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人上当，使中计trapwater储水betrappedin被困在……(2)set/layatrapfor布好陷阱/设下圈套becaughtinatrapof...陷入……的困境2．trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地)；使无力改变26【完成句子】①由于困于无爱的婚姻，许多妇女觉得生活单调。________lovelessmarriages，manywomenfeelthatlifeiscolorless.②我上当了，相信了他的谎言。He________me________believinghislies.答案

①Trappedin②trapped；into【完成句子】27adaptvt.(1)adaptoneselftosth使自己适应……Headaptedhimselftothenewenvironment/climate.他自己适应了新环境/气候。(2)adaptsthforsth(fromsth)(为电视、舞台等)改编或改写ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。3．adaptvt.3．28(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物适合新的用途、情况等而修改某事物Thismachinehasbeenspeciallyadaptedforusingunderwater.这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。adaptfrom根据……改写/改编adoptvt.收养；采取，采纳，采用；正式通过(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物适合新的用途29【完成句子】①他花了很长时间来适应北方寒冷的天气。Ittookhimalongtimeto________himself________thecoldweatherinthenorth.②据说这部新电影是根据简·奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。It'ssaidthatthenewfilmis______________anovelbyJaneAusten.答案

①adapt；to②adaptedfrom【完成句子】30state(1)n.状态，状况Thevicepresidentisinastateofpoorhealth.副总统健康状况不佳。(2)vt.陈述，说明，声明IthasbeenstatedthatTaiwanisonlypartofChina.台湾是中国的一部分是早已声明的事实。inthestateof在……情况下inagood/badstate情况好/糟糕normalstate正常情况agoodstateofhealth良好的健康状态4．state4．31【辨析】state/condition/situationstate常用词，指“人或事物所处的状态”Thecountryisinastateofwar.这个国家处于战争状态。condition指由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况Hisconditionwillnotpermithimtotravel.他的身体状况不允许他出游。situation指多种具体情况造成的综合状态，着重这种状态的影响和处于该状态事物的关系Weareindifficultsituation.我们处境艰难。【辨析】32用state/condition/situation适当形式填空。①那所房子很脏。Thehousewasinadirty________．②他是否参加会议要看他的健康状况。Whetherhewillattendthemeetingdependsonthe________ofhishealth.③众所周知，美国目前经济状况艰难。Asweallknow，Americaisinadifficult________ineconomyatpresent.答案

①state②condition③situation用state/condition/situation适当形式33Anyonewhowantstomakeprogressshouldbefreefromarroganceandrashness.凡是想进步的人都应该戒骄戒躁。Hecan'twriteasinglesentencefreefrommistakes.他写不出一个没有错误的句子来。1．freefrom不受……影响的；没有……的1．freefrom不受……影响的；没有……的34【完成句子】①我过去住在一个远离污染的村庄。Iusedtoliveinasmallvillage____________pollution.②周末，由于没有了无休无止的家庭作业，学生们一起骑车去看日出。__________________endlesshomeworkonweekends，thestudentstakearidetogethertowatchthesunrise.答案

①freefrom②Beingfreefrom【完成句子】35WhodoyouthinkwasthefirstpersontosetfootonAustralia？你认为谁是第一个到达澳大利亚的人？Afterthe10­hourflight，theyfinallysetfootonChinesesoil.经过10个小时的飞行，他们终于踏上了中国的国土。setaboutdoingsth开始，着手做某事setouttodosth着手做某事setaside/apart存储，留出，放在一边setback使倒退；使受挫折；拨回(表针)setaside存储；留出；放在一边setdown写下，记下；放下2．setfooton/in进入；到达2．setfooton/in进入；到达36【单项填空】①第一个踏上月球的是一个叫阿姆斯特朗的美国人。AnAmericancalledArmstrongbecamethefirstmanto________themoon.②你最好把你的想法写下来，以免忘记。You'dbetter________yourideasbeforeyouforgetit.答案

①setfooton②setdown【单项填空】37standout(from/againststh)(1)突出，显眼

Redstandsoutagainstawhitebackground.白底衬着红色，特别醒目。(2)卓越；杰出；远远地超过(standoutfromsb/sth)Theywereallattractive，butshestoodoutfromtheothers.她们都很迷人，但她比其他人更有魅力。3．standfor代表；象征；为……的缩略形式standby袖手旁观standbysb支持；帮助；拥护(某人)standagainst靠在……；依……站立；反对……；抵抗……standout(from/againststh)3．38【完成句子】①在白雪的映衬下，这些红花格外醒目。Theredflowers________againstthewhitesnow.②他们都很出色，但班长比其他人更优秀。Theyareallexcellent，butourmonitor______theothers.答案

①standout②standsoutfrom【完成句子】39intheformof“以……形式”或“呈……形状”Themainstaircasewasintheformofabig“S”．主楼梯呈S形。PeoplearebombardedwithinformationintheformofmagazinesandTVadvertising.信息以杂志和电视广告的形式向人们连续轰炸。4．intheformof“以……形式”或“呈……形状40【翻译句子】①以钱的形式支助是再好不过的。__________________________________________________②教堂常常建成十字形。__________________________________________________答案

①Helpintheformofmoneywillbemostwelcome.②Churchesareoftenbuiltintheformofcrosses.【翻译句子】41Withannualrainfallclosetozero，Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说，该区域就是一片荒漠。withannualrainfallclosetozero为介词短语，表示原因，由介词＋名词＋形容词(词组)组成，即“with＋宾语＋形容词短语”构成的复合结构。1．Withannualrainfallcloseto42用括号内动词的适当形式填空①Hesattherewithhiseyes________(fix)onthesky.②Hesattherewithhishand________(point)atme.③Withsomanyessays________(write)，hewon'thavetimetogoshoppingthisafternoon.答案

①fixed②pointing③towrite用括号内动词的适当形式填空43Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle，butheneversawland.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却始终未发现任何陆地。当notuntil位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Notuntil＋从句/表时间的词＋助动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋……Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。2．Notuntilthelate18thcentur44(1)当notuntil引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主谓语不倒装。Itwasnotuntil1998thathereturnedtohishometown.(2)not...until/till...直到……才……该句型通常与非延续性动词(如：come，go，leave，reach，get，meet，realize，understand，arriveat等)连用，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生，主句必须是否定句。Theywon'tcomehomeuntilitisdark.直到天黑他们才回家。(1)当notuntil引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句45(3)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词(如：study，stay，sleep，work等),表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。HewatchedTVuntil/tillmidnightlastnight.昨晚他看电视一直到半夜。(3)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须46【单项填空】①NotuntilIcamehomelastnight________tobed.A．Mumdidgo B．didMumgoC．wentMum D．Mumwent②Itwas________backhomeaftertheexperiment.A．notuntilmidnightdidhegoB．untilmidnightthathedidn'tgoC．untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgoD．notuntilmidnightthathewent答案

①B②D【单项填空】47Polar­icemeltdownSomescientistswarnthaticeneartheEarth'sPolesmayindeedbemelting.This“polarmeltdown”maybethefirstsignthattheEarthisheatingup.Wecouldbeinveryserioustroubleifthistrendcontinues.①Itisestimatedthatameltdownofaslittleas10percentofModule1DeepSouthPolar­icemeltdownModule148Antarctica‘sicewouldraisesealevelsaroundtheglobeby4to9meters.Floodswouldcoverlow­lyingregionsandturncoastalcitieslikeNewYorkandNewOrleansintoreallifeunderwaterworld.Scientistsfirstpredictedinthe1970sthatheattrappedintheEarth'satmospherecouldcauseapolarmeltdown.Manypeoplenowbelievethathumanactivitiesareturninguptheheat.Whenweburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoil，weaddcarbondioxide(CO2)gastotheEarth'satmosphere.CuttingdowntreesalsomakesCO2levelsriseAntarctica‘sicewouldrais49becausetreesnormallysoakupCO2tomakefood.ScientistssayhigherCO2levelsstrengthenthe“greenhouseeffect”andcouldincreasetheEarth'stemperature.②Infact，CO2levelshaverisenby30percentsincetheIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thand19thcenturies.Overthepastthreeyears，satellitemeasurementshaveshownasealevelriseofaboutaquarterinchworldwide.③“Ifnothingisdonetoreducefossil­fuelpollutionandglobalwarming，sealevelswillriseevenmore.”saysgeologistRichardAlley.becausetreesnormallysoakup50ButevenAlleyadmitsthatapolarmeltdownwouldtaketime.TheiceinAntarcticaandArcticlocksupnearlyninetimesthevolumeofwatercontainedinalltheworld'sriversandlakes.Thesearesuchbig“icecubes”anditwouldprobablytakethousandsofyearstomeltthem.AnotherscientistCharlesBentleydoesn'tthinkameltdownwillhappenatall.“Evenifwarmertemperaturesbegintomeltpolar­ice，”hesays，“theexcessmoisturewouldmostlikelyberedepositedassnow.”Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.ButevenAlleyadmits51①这次会议预计要开4天。Itisestimatedthatthemeetingwilllastfourdays.②产量比去年至少提高了20%。Theoutputhasrisenbynolessthan20percentoverthelastyear.③如果明天天好，我们将外出。Ifitisfinetomorrow，wewillgoouting.1．佳句仿写一二三1．佳句仿写一二三52Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.换句话说，融化的冰将会蒸发到大气中，再凝固，然后以雨或雪降落到极地。

2．翻译佳句，放眼高考2．翻译佳句，放眼高考53Ⅰ.单词识记1．________n．apersonwhotravelstounknownplacesinordertofindoutmoreaboutthem2．________n．thetotalamountofrainthatfallsinaparticularareainaparticularamountoftime3．________adj.difficulttostayorlivein，especiallybecausethereisnoshelterfromtheweatherPeriodOneIntroduction,ReadingandVocabularyⅠ.单词识记PeriodOneIntroduct544．________v．tomakesomebody/somethingunsteadyandindangeroffalling5．________v．tohelpsomethingtohappenordevelop6．________adj.happeningordoneonceeveryyear7．________n．thedistancefromthetoporsurfacetothebottomofsomething8．________n．aformalagreementbetweentwoormorecountries9．________adj.connectedwiththebuyingandsellingofgoodsandservices4．________v．tomakesomebody/s5510．________adj.(ofpeople，politicalorganizations，opinions，etc.)farfromwhatmostpeopleconsidertobenormal，reasonableoracceptable答案1.mercial10．extreme10．________adj.(ofpeople，poli56Ⅱ.短语天地1．________________几乎为零2．________________处于一种冰冻状态3．________________平均4．________________使适应5．________________显眼，出色6．intheformof________________7．setfooton________________8．inparticular________________9．reachadepthof________________10．bemadeupof________________Ⅱ.短语天地57答案1.closetozero2.inafrozenstate3.onaverage4．adaptto5.standout6.以……形式7.踏上，进入8．尤其9.深度达到……10.由……组成答案1.closetozero2.inafroz58Ⅲ.语境助记Antarcticaisaninhospitableplace，withannualrainfallclosetozero.Itiscoveredwithiceinafrozenstatealltheyearround.Onaverage，thedepthoftheiceistwokilometers.Insomeplaces，itreachesthedepthoffivekilometers.Itattractsmanyexplorerstosetfootontheland.Butrecently，atreatyissignedtopreventthecommercialuseofthecontinent，in

particulartheuseofmilitary.Ⅲ.语境助记59Withannualrainfallclosetozero，Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.[信息提取]with复合结构作状语，表示原因。[例句仿写]由于很多学生的发音很差，他们从头开始。Withsomanystudents__________________theirpronunciation，theystartedfrombeginning.1．Ⅳ.句型搜索1．Ⅳ.句型搜索60Ahighmountainrange，theTrans­Antarcticarange，runsfromeasttowest，cuttingthecontinentintwo.[信息提取]cuttingthecontinentintwo是现在分词短语作状语。[例句仿写]她丈夫去世了，给她留下了三个孩子和许多债务。Herhusbanddied，________herthreechildrenandalotofdebts.2．Ahighmountainrange，theTran61Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle，butheneversawland.[信息提取]Notuntil放在句首要用倒装语序。[例句仿写]直到他告诉我，我才意识到这件事多么严重。Notuntilhetoldmeaboutit，__________thethingwassoserious.答案1.weakin2.leaving3.didIrealize3．Notuntilthelate18thcentur62ChoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetextWhichofthefollowingsentencesisWRONGaboutAntarctica?A．Antarcticaisnotonlythecoldestplacebutalsothedriestplaceonearth.B．Antarcticaisthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld.C．Ahighmountainrange，theTrans­Antarcticarange，cutsthecontinentintwo.D．Antarcticaholds70%oftheworld'siceand90%oftheworld'sfreshwater.1．A．Ⅴ.预读理解1．A．Ⅴ.预读理解63WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisRIGHTaboutthewildlifeinAntarctica?A．Thereareflyingbirds，seals，whalesandonetypeofplants.B．ThelongAntarcticawinternight，theextremecoldandlackofrainfallmakefewtypesofplants.C．Therearesometreesonthelargecontinent.D．Onlytwotypesoffloweringplantsarefoundandnoformsofalgaecangrowonice.2．Whichofthefollowingdescrip64Antarcticarocksareveryimportantforresearchbecause________．A．therockhasbecomeawindowonthepastB．gasesandmineralstrappedintherockscantellusalotabouttheweatherinthepastC．mostoftherocksaremeteoritesfromouterspaceD．mostAntarcticarocksaredarkincolor3．Antarcticarocksareveryimpo65________crossedtheAntarcticaCircleinthelate18thcentury.A．TheBritishexplorerJamesCookB．TheexplorercalledNorwegianC．TheexplorercalledCarstensD．TheexplorercalledBorchgrevink4．________crossedtheAntarctica66B．FillintheblanksaccordingtothepassageHeadingmainideaPart1ThelandAntarcticaisaninhospitableplacetoliveinbecauseitisthe1.________andthedriestcontinentonearthandis2.________coveredwithice.Part2PlantsandanimalsAsaresultofits3.________conditionsonlyfewtypesofplantscansurvivethere，butitisfullof4.________.B．Fillintheblanksaccording67Part3Agreatplacefor5.________Antarcticiceandrockscangiveresearcherslotsofusefulinformation.Part4ThediscoveryofAntarcticaAntarcticawasthe6.________continenttobediscoveredandCarstensBorchgrevinkwasthefirstmanto7.________theAntarcticmainland.Part3Agreatplacefor5.____68Part5TheAntarcticTreatyTheaimofthetreatysignedby12countriesisto8.________AntarcticaandAntarcticahasbecomethemostsuccessful9.______ofman'seffortstoworktogetherfor10.________andpeace.答案A1.D2.B3.C4.AB1.coldest2.permanently3.extreme4.wildlife5．researchers6.last7.setfoottect9.symbol10．progressPart5TheAntarcticTheaimof69promotevt.支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升(通常用被动语态)；促进，促销Theorganizationaimstopromotecooperationbetweenthetwonations.该组织旨在促进两国之间的合作。Throughouthistory，advertisinghasbeenaneffectivewaytopromotethetradingandsellingofgoods.纵观历史，广告是促进商品销售的一种有效办法。1．promotevt.支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升(通70(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位bepromotedto...被升为……promotedevelopment/understanding促进发展/加深了解(2)promotionn．提升，晋级；鼓励；提倡get/win/gainpromotion得到/争取晋升She'sjustbeenpromotedtochiefeditor.她刚刚被提升为总编辑。(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth71【完成句子】①他努力工作，想得到晋升。Heworkedhardto________________．②由于出色的工作，他被提升为总经理。Hehas________generalmanagerbecauseofhisexcellentworkinthecompany.答案①get/win/gainpromotion②beenpromotedto【完成句子】72trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地)；使无力改变；使落网；诱骗；储存，留存；n.陷阱；困境；圈套Thetwomendiedwhentheyweretrappedinaburningbuilding.这两名男子因被困在燃烧着的大楼里而丧生。IwastrappedintoadmittingthatIhadlied.我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎了。(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人上当，使中计trapwater储水betrappedin被困在……(2)set/layatrapfor布好陷阱/设下圈套becaughtinatrapof...陷入……的困境2．trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地)；使无力改变73【完成句子】①由于困于无爱的婚姻，许多妇女觉得生活单调。________lovelessmarriages，manywomenfeelthatlifeiscolorless.②我上当了，相信了他的谎言。He________me________believinghislies.答案

①Trappedin②trapped；into【完成句子】74adaptvt.(1)adaptoneselftosth使自己适应……Headaptedhimselftothenewenvironment/climate.他自己适应了新环境/气候。(2)adaptsthforsth(fromsth)(为电视、舞台等)改编或改写ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。3．adaptvt.3．75(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物适合新的用途、情况等而修改某事物Thismachinehasbeenspeciallyadaptedforusingunderwater.这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。adaptfrom根据……改写/改编adoptvt.收养；采取，采纳，采用；正式通过(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物适合新的用途76【完成句子】①他花了很长时间来适应北方寒冷的天气。Ittookhimalongtimeto________himself________thecoldweatherinthenorth.②据说这部新电影是根据简·奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。It'ssaidthatthenewfilmis______________anovelbyJaneAusten.答案

①adapt；to②adaptedfrom【完成句子】77state(1)n.状态，状况Thevicepresidentisinastateofpoorhealth.副总统健康状况不佳。(2)vt.陈述，说明，声明IthasbeenstatedthatTaiwanisonlypartofChina.台湾是中国的一部分是早已声明的事实。inthestateof在……情况下inagood/badstate情况好/糟糕normalstate正常情况agoodstateofhealth良好的健康状态4．state4．78【辨析】state/condition/situationstate常用词，指“人或事物所处的状态”Thecountryisinastateofwar.这个国家处于战争状态。condition指由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况Hisconditionwillnotpermithimtotravel.他的身体状况不允许他出游。situation指多种具体情况造成的综合状态，着重这种状态的影响和处于该状态事物的关系Weareindifficultsituation.我们处境艰难。【辨析】79用state/condition/situation适当形式填空。①那所房子很脏。Thehousewasinadirty________．②他是否参加会议要看他的健康状况。Whetherhewillattendthemeetingdependsonthe________ofhishealth.③众所周知，美国目前经济状况艰难。Asweallknow，Americaisinadifficult________ineconomyatpresent.答案

①state②condition③situation用state/condition/situation适当形式80Anyonewhowantstomakeprogressshouldbefreefromarroganceandrashness.凡是想进步的人都应该戒骄戒躁。Hecan'twriteasinglesentencefreefrommistakes.他写不出一个没有错误的句子来。1．freefrom不受……影响的；没有……的1．freefrom不受……影响的；没有……的81【完成句子】①我过去住在一个远离污染的村庄。Iusedtoliveinasmallvillage____________pollution.②周末，由于没有了无休无止的家庭作业，学生们一起骑车去看日出。__________________endlesshomeworkonweekends，thestudentstakearidetogethertowatchthesunrise.答案

①freefrom②Beingfreefrom【完成句子】82WhodoyouthinkwasthefirstpersontosetfootonAustralia？你认为谁是第一个到达澳大利亚的人？Afterthe10­hourflight，theyfinallysetfootonChinesesoil.经过10个小时的飞行，他们终于踏上了中国的国土。setaboutdoingsth开始，着手做某事setouttodosth着手做某事setaside/apart存储，留出，放在一边setback使倒退；使受挫折；拨回(表针)setaside存储；留出；放在一边setdown写下，记下；放下2．setfooton/in进入；到达2