考研考博-英语-安徽工程大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽工程大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

DoyoufindyourselfcheckingFacebookassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning?Evenasyoureadthisarticle,isyourrightindexfingertwitchingonthemouse,justitchingtoclickonsomethingnew?Ifso,welcometothe21stcentury.Withoutevenrealizingit,we’vesignedupforalifeinwhichwe’reallconnected,allthetime.WhetherornotthisisagoodthingisthesubjectofHamlet’sBlackberry,anewbookbyWilliamPowers.

Earlyinthebook,Powersdescribesascenethatshouldstrikemanyasfamiliar:HeisstandingatacrosswalkinthemiddleofManhattan,alongsidefiveoreightotherpeople—allofwhomarestaringintentlyatsomedigitaldevice.“HereIwasinNewYork,themostfantasticcityintheworld—somuchtolookat,toseeandhear,andeverybodyaroundmeessentiallywasn’tpresent,”hesays.

Powersmayquestionthewayweuseourgadgets,buthecertainlydoesn’tcondemnit.Hedoes,however,recognizethedownsideofconstantlybeingfloodedwithnewinformationorwhathecallsthe“conundrumofconnectedness.”

Amongthethingsthatsufferfromouroverconnectedness,Powerssays,arerelationships.“Ifwe’reconstantlytogglingbetweenpeopleonFacebookandtextsandallthesenewwaysofconnectingalldaylong,andweneverhaveasustainedconnection,”Powerssays.“It’ssortoftheoppositeofconnectedness.”

Buthowareweofthe21stcenturysupposedtocopewiththatproblem?Powershasonesuggestionthat’sbothutterlysimpleandalmostimpossibletoimaginefollowing:justdisconnect.Hisfamily,forexample,takesan“InternetSabbath”everyweekend.“Weturnoffthehouseholdmodem,andwedon’thavesmartphonesthewholeweekend.Wecan’tdoWebsurfing.”heexplains.

AccordingtoPowers,thepositiveeffectsofthesetechnologybreaksarefeltlongaftertheweekendsareover.“Evenwhenwe’reconnected,wecanfeelthebenefitsofhavingbeendisconnectedacoupledaysago,”hesays.“It’sjustaboutthatsimpleword,‘balance’”.

Notthathethinksuppluggingyourmodemisnecessarilyeasy.“It’sreallyhardtopullaway.Youhavetoknowwhyyou’redoingit,andreallybelieve”hesays.“WhatI’mabouthereistryingtoconvincepeoplethatit’sworthdoing.”

1.WhatWilliamPowersdescribesinParagraph2（）.

2.Theword“downside”(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto“（）”.

3.“InternetSabbath”meansthatonthisdaytheauthor’sfamily（）.

4.Theauthorthinksthatthe“InternetSabbath”（）.

5.Thepassageismostlikelya（）.

问题1选项

A.makeslittledifferencetoourlife

B.isacommonphenomenon

C.rarelyhappensinotherplaces

D.iswhathehasbeenlookingfor

问题2选项

A.confusion

B.disadvantage

C.challenge

D.secret

问题3选项

A.usestheInternettocallandtext

B.usestheInternetonlyforpleasure

C.completelystopsusingtheInternet

D.cannotworkwithouttheInternet

问题4选项

A.isreallyworthtaking

B.issuitableformostfamily

C.istoohardforotherstofollow

D.isrelativelyeasytocarryout

问题5选项

A.socialsurvey

B.newsreport

C.technologyupdate

D.bookreview

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第二段主要描述了WilliamPowers在纽约所见到的一个场景。由语段第一句“Powersdescribesascenethatshouldstrikemanyasfamiliar…（鲍尔斯描述了一个很多人都很熟悉的场景……）”可知该现象在日常生活中很常见，A选项在该语段中没有提到，C选项“在其他地方很少发生”与第一句“strikemanyasfamiliar（很多人都很熟悉的场景）”不相符，D选项“是他一直在寻找的”与该语段的意思不相符，因此B选项“是一种常见现象”正确。

2.词意猜测题。Downside“负面，缺点”，如果不认识该单词，也可从第三段最后一句话中的“conundrumofconnectedness.（连结性难题）”推断出鲍尔斯意识到了不断被新信息淹没的负面影响。A选项confusion“混淆，困惑”；C选项challenge“挑战，考验”；D选项secret“秘密，机密”，因此B选项“缺点，不利条件”正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第五段中的“Weturnoffthehouseholdmodem,andwedon’thavesmartphonesthewholeweekend.Wecan’tdoWebsurfing.”heexplains.（“我们关掉家用调制解调器，整个周末都没有智能手机。我们不能上网。”他解释道。）可知“InternetSabbath”表示作者全家这天都不能上网，A选项“使用互联网打电话和发短信”不正确；B选项“上网娱乐”不符合原文；D选项“没有互联网而不能工作”原文也没有提到，因此C选项“完全停止使用互联网”正确。

4.推理判断题。文章最后一段有提到“Notthathethinksuppluggingyourmodemisnecessarilyeasy（并不是说他认为关闭调制解调器一定很容易）”，可知“InternetSabbath”并不容易；最后一段作者还说到“WhatI’mabouthereistryingtoconvincepeoplethatit’sworthdoing.（我在这里的目的是试图说服人们，这是值得做的）”。B选项“适合大多数家庭”原文没有提到；C选项“对其他人来说很难跟着做”不符合原文意思；D选项“相对容易执行”与原文意思相悖；因此A选项“真的值得一试”正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章围绕威廉•鲍尔斯（WilliamPowers）的新书《哈姆雷特的黑莓》（Hamlet’sBlackberry）展开。作者从第二段“Earlyinthebook”开始就是描述的该书的内容。因此这篇文章是一篇书评。A选项“社会调查”；B选项“新闻报道”；C选项“技术更新”，都不符合文章大意，因此D选项正确。

2.单选题

Thestudents______theirthankstoProfessorDavisbypresentinghimwithapartinggift.

问题1选项

A.extended

B.offered

C.expressed

D.indicated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项extend“延伸，扩大”，B项offer“提供”，C项express“表达”，D项indicate“表明，指出”。根据关键词thanks“感谢”可知，空格部分填入express符合语境。句意：学生们送给戴维斯教授一份临别礼物，以表示对他的感谢。因此，该题选择C项正确。

3.单选题

1EtienneKlein,acelebratedFrenchphysicistandpopularizerofscience,seemssettolosehispostaspresidentoftheInstituteforAdvancedStudiesinScienceandTechnology(IHEST)inParisafterallegationsthatheplagiarizedtheworkofmorethanadozenscientists,philosophersandwritersinvariousbooksandarticles.AsourceatFrance’sMinistryofScienceandEducationyesterdayconfirmedthatadecreeendingKlein'stenurehasbeensignedbythecurrentministerandisnowawaitingthesignatureofFrenchPresidentFrancoisHollande.

2ButKleinsaysherefusestoleave.Inanopenletterpublishedlastweek,hewrotethataninvestigativepanelthatlookedintothematterhasfoundnoevidenceofmisconductandthatheseesnoreasontostepdown.“Myscientificintegrityisabsolute,”Kleinwrotetosciencejournalistsinanemail.Thereporthasnotbeenmadepublic.

3KleinleadsasmallgroupstudyingscienceitselfattheAlternativeEnergiesandAtomicfameEnergyCommission(CEA)nearParis,butseldompublishesinthescientificliterature;hisfamestemsfrombooksandarticlesinpopularmagazines,mostlyaboutphysics.Healsohostsaweeklyradioshowaboutscience.PresidentHollandeappointedKleinpresidentofIHEST—whichseekstobuildtrustinscienceandtoreflectonitssocialeconomicandpoliticalaspects—inSeptember2016.

4InNovember,theweeklymagazineL’ExpressreportedthatKleinhadcopiedpassagesfromFrenchandforeignauthorsinarecentbiographyofAlbertEinsteinandinseveralotherpublications.Kleindefendedsomeoftheinstancesbutadmittedhehadmade“mistakes”inothers;afewdayslater,L'Expresspublishedsevenmoreexamplesofallegedplagiarism,towhichKleinhasnotresponded.

5CEAhasnotinvestigatedthematter.AspokespersonsaysKleinwrotethedisputedpublicationsonhisowntime,notasaCEAresearcher.“Thisisaprivatematter,”thespokespersonsays.Thisiswhygovernmentofficialsaskedanindependentfour-memberpaneltoinvestigatethecharges.ThecommissionfinisheditsworkinlateJanuary,butwhenitpresenteditsreporttothegovernment,nothinghappenedforalmost2months.ThenKleinpublishedhisopenletteron29March.

6Intheletter,hequotedafewparagraphsfromthereportinwhichthecommissionsaidithadnotfoundethicalbreachesinKleinsworkforCEAandthatitwasneither“competent”nortaskedtojudgewhetherKleincommittedplagiarisminthelegalsense.Nonetheless,thecommissionrecommendedthathestepdownfromIHEST,Kleinwrote,“soasnottocausedifficultiesfortheinstituteanditsimportantmissions.”Kleinsayshehasnointentionofdoingso.“Idon’twanttobejudgedbythepress,butaccordingtothecriteriaofFrenchlaw,”hewroteinanemail.

7Theleaderofthefour-memberpanelsayshecan'tdiscussthereport;hesayshehopesitwillbemadepublicbytheauthorities.ButheconfirmsthatthepaneldidnotconsidertheissueofwhetherKleinsreuseofotherwriters’wordsbrokeanylaws.“Kleincametothecommissionwithhislawyer,”hesays,“we’renotjudges,werenotthepolice,we'rejustfouracademics.”

8KleinsaysthathisbookaboutEinsteincontainsmorethan120attributedquotesaswell,which“provesthatIhavenoproblemwithquotingsomeone.WhatIambeingblamedforisduetocarelessnessornegligence,especiallyinmyfilemanagement,nottoaconsciousdesiretoplagiarize.”

9Inastorypublishedlastweek,L*ExpressspeculatesthatKlein’sopenlettermayhavebeenalast-ditchefforttoaverthisdismissalordelayadecisionuntilaftertheupcomingelections,inthehopethatanewpresidentmightsavehim.ButKleinsaysheisnotawareofanydecisiontofirehim.Hesayshewentpublicbecausehehadexpectedthecommissiontopubliclyreaffirmhisscientificintegrity.“Thatwasakeyissueforme,Kleinsays.“Whennothinghappenedinthatregard,Idecidedtospeakoutmyself.”

1.Basedonthisveryrecentarticle,wemayassumethatEtienneKleinis（

）.

2.TheinformationinthisarticleseemstoindicatethatKlein（

）.

3.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,Kleinappearedtobeonthevergeofgettingfiredfromatleastoneofhispositions.Hisreactionhasbeento（

）.

4.InhisworkatIHESTKlein（

）.

问题1选项

A.wellknownprimarilytohisfellowphysicists

B.bestknowntoFrenchtelevisionviewerswhowatchhisshow

C.wellknowntomostFrenchpeoplecuriousaboutscience

D.wellknownprimarilytohighofficialsofthecurrentFrenchgovernment

问题2选项

A.occasionallyneglectedtostatethatbitsoftextinhispublishedworkcomefromotherwritersandresearchers

B.falsifiedscientificdatatoincreasehischancesofgettinghisarticlesacceptedforpublication

C.presentedtheresearchfindingsofotherscientistsashisownwork

D.publishedalifeofAlbertEinsteinputtogetherfronbitsandpiecestakenfromtheworkofotherbiographers,withoutattributionandwithlittleofhisownwriting

问题3选项

A.darehisdetractorstoremovehimthroughcourtaction,accordingtoFrenchlaw

B.arguethathecannotberemovedbyFrenchpoliticiansunlesshisfellowphysicistsagree

C.announcethathewillstepdownquietlyifthepresidentsowishes

D.appealtotheFrenchpublictosupporthiminhisstrugglewithjealousscientificrivalsandhostilepoliticians

问题4选项

A.doesresearchintheoreticalphysics

B.studiestheneedsofFrenchscientistsandreportsthemtothegovernment

C.leadshiscolleaguesinthinkingaboutnon-scientificaspectsofscience

D.studiesscienceitself

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。文章指出:EtienneKlein一位著名的法国物理学家和科学普及者。本题四个选项:A“主要被同行物理学家中熟知”；B“在看他的节目的法国电视观众中最有名气"；C“被大多数对科学好奇的法国民众熟知”；D“主要被现任法国政府高级官员所熟知”,其中C项最为合适。

2.推理判断题。关于Klein的抄袭问题,他自己的说法是:关于爱因斯坦的书中包含了超过120个引语，这证明了我在引用某人时没有问题。我被指责的原因应该是粗心或疏忽，尤其是在我的文件管理中，而不是不是有意抄袭。因此选A:偶尔忽略了他所发表的作品中的一些文字来自其他作家和研究人员。

3.细节事实题。第二段指出Klein拒绝离开。在上周发表的一封公开信中，他写道，一个调查小组没有发现任何不当行为的证据，而且他认为没有理由下台。“我的科学诚信是绝对的，”Klein在一封电子邮件中给科学记者写道。该报道尚未公开。因此选A:根据法国法律，通过法律手段，挑战诋毁他的人。

4.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第三段:PresidentHollandeappointedKleinpresidentofIHEST-whichseekstobuildtrustinscienceandtoreflectonitssocialeconomicandpoliticalaspects~inSeptember2016(奥朗德总统任命克莱恩为IHEST的主席,希望建立对科学的信任并对社会经济和政治方面进行反思)。故选C:带领同事思考科学的非科学方面。

4.单选题

SomeAfricanAmericanshavehadaprofoundimpactonAmericansociety,changingmanypeople’sviewsonrace,historyandpolitics.ThefollowingisasamplingofAfricanAmericanswhohaveshapedsocietyandtheworldwiththeirspiritandtheirideals.

MuhammadAliCassiusMarcellusClaygrewupadevoutBaptistinLouisville,Kentucky,learningtofightatage12afterapoliceofficersuggestedhelearntodefendhimself.Sixyearslater,hewasanOlympicboxingchampion,goingontowinthreeworldheavyweighttitles.Hebecameknownasmuchforhisswagger（趾高气扬）outsidetheringashismovementinit,convertingtoIslamin1965,changinghisnametoMuhammadAliandrefusingtojointheU.S.Armyonreligiousgrounds.AliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerendedandhedevelopedParkinson’sdisease,evenlightingtheOlympictorchatthe1996AtlantaOlympicsandconveyingthepeacefulvirtuesofIslamfollowing

theSeptember11terroristattacks.

W.E.B.DuBoisBomWilliamEdwardBurghardtDuBoisin1868,thisMassachusettsnativewasoneofthemostprominent,prolificintellectualsofhistime.Anacademic,activistandhistorian,DuBoisco-foundedtheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP),edited“TheCrisis”magazineandwrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarlyarticles.Inperhapshismostfamouswork,“TheSoulsofBlackFolk,”publishedin1903,hepredicted“theproblemof20thcenturywouldbetheproblemofthecolor-line.’’

MartinLutherKingJr.TheRev.MartinLutherKingJr.isconsideredoneofthemostpowerfulandpopularleadersoftheAmericancivilrightsmovement.Hespearheaded(带头，做先锋)amassive,nonviolentinitiativeofmarches,sit-ins,boycottsanddemonstrationsthatprofoundlyaffectedAmericans’attitudestowardracerelations.HewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.

MalcolmXBlackleaderMalcolmXspokeoutabouttheconceptsofraceprideandblacknationalismintheearly1960s.Hedenouncedtheexploitationofblackpeoplebywhitesanddevelopedalargeanddedicatedfollowing,whichcontinuedevenafterhisdeathin1965.Interestintheleader

surgedagainafterSpikeLee’s1992movie“MalcolmX”wasreleased.

JackieRobinsonIn1947,JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrierbyjoiningtheBrooklynDodgers,becomingthefirstblackbaseballplayerintheU.S.majorleagues.Afterretirementfrombaseballin1957,heremainedactiveincivilrightsandyouthactivities.In1962,hebecamethefirstAfrican-AmericantobeinductedintotheBaseballHallofFame.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMuhammadAli?

2.Theitalicizedword“prolific”(Line2,Para.3)issynonymousto（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

4.Whatiscommonamongthecelebritiesmentionedinthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeatitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Heneverservedinthearmy.

B.Helearnedtofightatanearlyage.

C.Hispopularitydecreasedafterhisretirementfromboxing.

D.Helovespeace.

问题2选项

A.smart

B.skilled

C.productive

D.pioneering

问题3选项

A.W.E.B.DuBoiswasengagedinthecauseofpromotingthestatusofcoloredpeople.

B.JackieRobinsonwasdeniedbyU.S.majorbaseballleaguesthroughouthislife.

C.MartinLutherKingJr.washighlyawardedforhiscontributionstothecivilrightsmovements.

D.MalcolmXdirectlyorindirectlyinspiredinterestinleadershipevenafterhisdeath.

问题4选项

A.Eachachievedenormoussuccessinhis/herfieldandwashighlyrecognized.

B.Eachwasdevotedtohis/hercausebutdidn’twinrecognitionuntildeath.

C.Allwereactiveandfamousinseveralfieldsintheirlifetime.

D.Alllovedpeaceandremainedactiveincivilrightsactivities.

问题5选项

A.LifeofFamousAfricanAmericans

B.InfluenceofFamousAfricanAmericans

C.PoliticalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

D.CulturalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节判断题。原文第二段尾句指出Aliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerended(Ali在运动生涯结束后仍然很受欢迎)。C选项说从拳击退役后，他的声望下降了,与原文不符。

2.语义题。Prolific形容intellectuals,原文第三段第二句wrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarly

articles可知，这里要表达的是“丰富的才能,足智多谋”，productive最相符。

3.细节判断题。根据题干定位到Jackie段落，JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrier...firstblackbaseballplayer(JackieRobinson打破了肤色障碍,成为第一个黑人棒球运动员)。B选项与此不符。

4.细节归纳题。文中提到的每个名人在其领域都取得了巨大的成就并且被高度认可。

5.主旨大意题。本文只介绍了一些非裔美国人在政治和文化方面的生平事迹，但是并没有着重于他们带来的影响。

5.单选题

Over-workingofthelandinsomecountrieshasledtosoil（

）ofnutrients,which,inturn,willleadtobarrenland.

问题1选项

A.repleted

B.grieved

C.depleted

D.deplored

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Replete“充满的，装满的”，没有单词repleted；grieved“伤心的”；depleted“耗尽的，废弃的”；deplored为动词的过去式，根据句子结构，可知此处应填入形容词作后置定语，修饰soil。句意：在一些国家，土地的过度耕作已经导致土壤耗尽营养物，这反过来又会导致土地贫瘠。选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Nowadaysalargenumberofpeoplebuy______Christmastreesinsteadofrealones.

问题1选项

A.false

B.fake

C.sham

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查近义词辨析。A选项false“错误的”，指因缺失而补上的替代物，有时也指伪装的；B选项fake“假的”，指没有价值的冒牌货或代用品；C选项sham“假装的”，指可以以假乱真的东西；D选项artificial“仿造的”，指模仿天然材料由人工制造的东西。句意：现在很多人买人造圣诞树而不是真的圣诞树。本句表示人造的圣诞树。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Whilewatchingtelevision____.

问题1选项

A.thetelephonerang

B.weheardthetelephonering

C.weheardthetelephonerang

D.thetelephonewasrung

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.thetelephonerang电话响了B.weheardthetelephonering我们听见电话响了

C.weheardthetelephonerang我们听见电话响了D.thetelephonewasrung电话被响

【答案】B

【考查点】非谓语动词

【解题思路】由前文现在分词形式的非谓语watchingtelevision可知，该句主语应该是主动看电视的，结合选项，主语应该是人——we“我们”；hear后面接宾语和宾语补足语，非谓语动词形式为do/doing，hearsbdo“听见某人做某事的全过程”，hearsbdoing“听见某人做某事”，该语境中，听见电话响，电话响是非常短的一个过程，原句表达的应该是听见电话响了，而不是听见电话正在响，更何况，选项中也没有现在分词形式。因此，B选项weheardthetelephonering“我们听见电话响了”形式正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项thetelephonerang，主语不对；

C选项weheardthetelephonerang，rang的形式不对；

D选项thetelephonewasrung；主语不对。

【句意】我们在看电视时听到电话铃响了。

8.单选题

Itwassoscorchinglyhotthatthewaterdropletsfallingonitdidn’tstayatall.Theyjust（）.

问题1选项

A.evacuated

B.evaporated

C.eliminated

D.escaped

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项evacuated“疏散；撤出”；B选项evaporated“蒸发；消失”；C选项eliminated“消除；排除”；D选项escaped“逃离；逃脱”。句意：天这么热，掉下来的水滴一点儿都没留下，都……了。水滴在阳光的炙热下会蒸发掉。因此B选项符合题意。

9.单选题

AllEskimoslivemostoftheirlivesclosetosaltorfreshwater.Theymayfollowgameinlandforseveralhundredmiles,buttheyalwaysreturntotheshoresofrivers,lakesorseas.Eskimolandhasabarelook.Largerocks,pebbles,andsandcovermuchofthesurface.Plantscalledlichengrowrightonrocks.Andwherethereisenoughsoil,evergrass,flowersandsmallbushesmanagetolive.NotreescangrowontheEskimoland,sogeographerssometimescallthiscountrytheArcticplains.Someanimals,suchasrabbitsandcaribou,eattheplants.Others,likethewhitefoxandgreywolf,eattherabbitsandcaribou.TheEskimoisameat-eater,too,andmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarce.

TheEskimoyearhastwomainparts:along,coldwinterandashort,coolsummer.SpringandfallalmosttooshorttobenoticeD.Summeristhegoodtime,whenfoodisusuallyplentiful.ButitisalsothetimewhentheEskimosareverybusy.Winterisneverfaraway,andthemenmustbringhomeextrameatforthewomentoprepareandstore.Forseldomcanenoughanimalsbekilledinwintertofeedafamily.

TheFarNorthissometimescalledthelandofthemidnightsun.Thisistrueinthemiddleofsummer,forbetweenApril21standAugust21st,thesunneversetsinNorthernGreenlanD.ButinmidwintertheFarNorthisalandwithnosunshiningatall.AroundOct.21sttheEskimosofNorthernGreenlandseethesunsettingstraightsouthofthem,andtheydon'tseeitagainuntilFebruary22nD.Allplacesonearthgetaboutthesameamountofdaylightduringayear.Asaresult,ifsummerislighter,winterhastobedarker.WinternightsintheFarNorthareseldompitch-black.Asintherestoftheworld,thestarsandthemoonprovidealittlelight.ThenorthernlightsalsohelptheEskimostosee.Andwiththegroundcoveredwithsnow,evenalittlelightisreflectedbacktotheEskimo'seyes.

1.OntheEskimoland,（）.

2.IntheEskimoyear,（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferallthefollowingexceptthat（）

4.InmidwinterthereisnosunshiningintheFarNorthbecause（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.rabbitsliveontheplants

B.soilisrichandplentiful

C.grassgrowsmoreeasilythanlichen

D.lichenisfoundonlyrocks

问题2选项

A.therearenospringandfall

B.winteriscoldandsummerishot

C.summerisatimeforgrowingfood

D.wintercomesearlyandgoeslate

问题3选项

A.Eskimosaremorelikelytoeatwolvesinsummer

B.Eskimowomenareresponsibleforhousework

C.animalmeatisEskimo'smainsourceoffood

D.huntingisanimportantpartofEskimolife

问题4选项

A.theFarNorthistoofarawayfromthesun

B.thesunisnotseenagainforsixmonths

C.thesunneversetsinmidsummer

D.peopleseethesunsettingstraightsoughtofthem

问题5选项

A.AStoryoftheEskimo

B.TheBareFarNorth

C.EskimoLandandClimate

D.TheEskimoYear

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容可知，爱斯基摩人的土地贫瘠,地衣比草的生命力强,所以选项B和C错误；选项D表述太绝对，在文中也没有提及，所以排除。根据第一段的倒数第二句可知，选项A正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的内容可知，爱斯基摩人的春天和秋天很短，并不是没有，所以选项A错误；冬季寒冷夏季凉爽，而不是炎热，所以选项B也错误，选项C在文中没有提及；选项D冬季来得早去得迟，说明冬季很漫长，符合原文，所以本题选D。

3.细节推理题。根据第一段最后一句“TheEskimoisameat-eater,too,andmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarce.”爱斯基摩人只在食物匮乏时才吃狼,在夏天食物充足的情况下是不会吃狼的。所以选项A与原文不符。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“Thisistrueinthemiddleofsummer,forbetweenApril21standAugust21st,thesunneversetsinNorthernGreenland.”因为从4月21日到8月21日，格陵兰岛北部的太阳从不落下。选项C符合原文。

5.全文主旨题。本文主要介绍了爱斯基摩人居住地区的环境、季节及天气状况等。所以选项C更恰当。

10.单选题

Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethe______shadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears.

问题1选项

A.disclosed

B.created

C.disguised

D.distinguished

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项disclosed“揭露的”；B选项created“创造的”；C选项disguised“伪装的”；D选项distinguished“辨别的”。句意：一个世纪前，弗洛伊德阐述了革命性的理论，即梦是人们潜意识中欲望和恐惧……后的预示。A选项disclosed（揭露的）不符合题意，可排除。B选项created（创造的）不符合题意，可排除。C选项正确。

11.单选题

Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleave（）somethingoccurredwhichattractedmyattention.

问题1选项

A.unless

B.until

C.when

D.while

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。beabouttodo…when表示正准备做某事，某事就发生了。句意：我感到有点失望，正要离开时，发生了一件事引起了我的注意。选项C符合题意。

12.单选题

Thebravefiremanhadfoughtfordaysbeforetheymanagedto（）theforestfire.

问题1选项

A.puton

B.putupwith

C.putoff

D.putout

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组辨析。puton穿上，上演；putupwith忍受，容忍；putoff推迟，扔掉，阻止；putout熄灭，伸出。句意：勇敢的消防队员们奋战了好几天才把森林大火扑灭。选项D符合句意。

13.单选题

TheannouncementthattheSovietUnionhasreachedparitywiththeUnitedStatesinICBM’sdominatedthenewsofrocketsandmissilesthisyear.

问题1选项

A.challenge

B.equality

C.velocity

D.criterion

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.challenge挑战，艰巨任务B.equality平等，均等

C.velocity（沿某一方向的）速度D.criterion（评判或作决定的）标准，准则

【答案】B

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】parity的意思为“（尤指薪金或地位）平等，相同”，指的是苏联和美国在洲际弹道导弹方面的实力相当，equality与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】在今年有关火箭和导弹的新闻中，苏联在洲际弹道导弹方面已与美国势均力敌是特大新闻。

14.填空题

Europe’ssocialservicesfaceachallengingtime.AngelaMerkelisfondofsayingthatEuropehas7%oftheworld’spopulation,25%ofitswealthand50%ofitswelfarespending.(66)

Thefirstchallengeistotapourcollectiveintelligence.Therearemanytoolsavailabletoinvolvemorepeopleinthedesignandimplementationofsocialcarepolicies,throughplatformssuchas.Attheirbest,thesedrawontheexperiencesandexpertiseofserviceusersandfrontlineworkerstohelpsolveproblems.Theyputpeopleatthecentreofdesigningsocialservices.

Thesecondchallengeistocommittoexperimentation.(67)Somegovernments,withFinlandandCanadaatthevanguard,areexploringalternativestotop-downnationalpolicies.They—alongwithScotlandandtheNetherlands—aretrialinginnovativeschemessuchasuniversalbasicincome,inthehopethattheywillfindasimpler,fairerwayofsupportingcitizenswithoutdiscouragingthemfrompaidemploymentorvoluntarywork.

Third,governmentsneedtomakethemostofdigitaltechnology.(68)

Fourth,governmentsneedtobesmarteraboutdata.(69)Somelocalauthoritiesareshowingwhatcanbedone.Hackneycouncil,forexample,isworkingwithXanthuratodevelopanartificialintelligencemodelthatcanidentifychildrenatincreasedriskofendingupinstatutorychildren’ssocialcare,sotheycangetbettersupport—improvinglivesandsavingmoney.

(70)India’sbiometricidentitycardAadhaarhastransformedaccesstofinancialservicesforpoorercommunities,butithasalsomadeitpossibleforthegovernmenttoofferloansdirecttocitizensthatcanberepaidthroughthetaxsystem.

A.We’reusedtotheintegrationoftechnologywitheverydayactivitiessuchasshopping,travelandtransport,butsimilarplatformscanalsobeusedforpublicservices.

B.Nooneknowswhatsocialcaremodelswillworkbestin10or20years’time—theonlywaytofindoutisbyexperimenting.

C.Aroundtheworldtherearemanyexamplesofevenmoreradicalchangethatprovethepublicsectorcaninnovatewherethere’sthewill.

D.Ifthecontinentistoavoidacontinuedperiodofstagnationandausterity,itwillneedtoexploremoreradicaloptions.

E.Dataisattheheartofprivatesectorbusinessmodels,butgovernmentsandNGOshavebeenmuchslowertorealisehowdatacanhelpthem.

F.Theseinnovationsallhaveasharedethos:aspiritoflearningbydoing,testingideasoutonasmallscaleandthenimprovingthem.

【答案】66.D

67.B

68.A

69.E

70.C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.We’reusedtotheintegrationoftechnologywitheverydayactivitiessuchasshopping,travelandtransport,butsimilarplatformscanalsobeusedforpublicservices.A.我们习惯于将技术与购物、旅行和交通等日常活动相结合，但类似的平台也可用于公共服务。

B.Nooneknowswhatsocialcaremodelswillworkbestin10or20years’time—theonlywaytofindoutisbyexperimenting.B.没有人知道在10年或20年后，什么样的社会护理模式是最有效的，唯一的方法就是通过实验来发现。

C.Aroundtheworldtherearemanyexamplesofevenmoreradicalchangethatprovethepublicsectorcaninnovatewherethere’sthewill.C.在世界各地，有许多更激进的变革的例子，证明公共部门可以在有意愿的地方进行创新。

D.Ifthecontinentistoavoidacontinuedperiodofstagnationandausterity,itwillneedtoexploremoreradicaloptions.D.如果大陆要避免持续的停滞和紧缩，它就需要探索更多的激进选择。

E.Dataisattheheartofprivatesectorbusinessmodels,butgovernmentsandNGOshavebeenmuchslowertorealisehowdatacanhelpthem.E.数据是私营部门商业模式的核心，但政府和非政府组织在意识到数据可以帮助他们方面却慢得多。

F.Theseinnovationsallhaveasharedethos:aspiritoflearningbydoing,testingideasoutonasmallscaleandthenimprovingthem.F.这些创新都有一个共同的精神：在实践中学习的精神，在小范围内测试想法，然后改进它们。

66.【考查点】上下文关联和词汇衔接。

【解题思路】文章开头说到“欧洲的社会服务面临着挑战（faceachallengingtime）。”，下文分别介绍了面临的具体挑战和可以探索的措施，由此可知空格处应该是对于这些挑战和措施的总起句，同时D选项中的“continent（大陆）”与上文的“Europe（欧洲）”相对应。因此D选项“如果大陆要避免持续的停滞和紧缩，它就需要探索更多的激进选择。”正确。

67.【考查点】词汇衔接。

【解题思路】本段开头说到“第二个挑战是致力于实验（experimentation）。”，B选项中的“byexperimenting（通过实验）”和上文的“experimentation（实验）”相对应。因此B选项“没有人知道在10年或20年后，什么样的社会护理模式是最有效的，唯一的方法就是通过实验来发现。”正确。

68.【考查点】词汇衔接。

【解题思路】本段开头说到“政府需要充分利用数字技术（digitaltechnology）。”，A选项中的“technology（技术）”和上文的“数字技术（digitaltechnology）”相对应。因此A选项“我们习惯于将技术与购物、旅行和交通等日常活动相结合，但类似的平台也可用于公共服务。”正确。

69.【考查点】词汇衔接。

【解题思路】本段开头说到“政府需要更聪明地处理数据（data）。”，E选项中的“Data（数据）”和上文的“besmarteraboutdata（更聪明地处理数据）”相对应。因此E选项“数据是私营部门商业模式的核心，但政府和非政府组织在意识到数据可以帮助他们方面却慢得多。”正确。

70.【考查点】上下文关联。

【解题思路】上文介绍的是欧洲的情况，本段以位于欧洲之外的印度为例进行论证，C选项中的“Aroundtheworldtherearemanyexamples（在世界各地，有许多例子）”与下文的“India（印度）”相对应，起到了衔接作用。因此C选项“在世界各地，有许多更激进的变革的例子，证