考研考博-英语-厦门软件职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门软件职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned——andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow.“Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,”saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsateightpercentinterestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaroundfivepercentayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85percentofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwouldhavehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension,（）

2.Ifoneleavesearlybeforehisplan'snormalretirementage,（）

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.he'lltake90percentofthetotalamountofhispension

B.he'llhavehalfofhispensionpayments

C.he'llhavehispensionpaymentreducedby5%ayear

D.he'llhaveonly85percentofhisfullpension

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest.

B.bebetteroffthanwithatraditionalpension.

C.startinvestmentimmediately.

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits.

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed.

B.TheRetirementDilemma.

C.LeaveEarly,LoseBig.

D.TakethePensionwithYou.

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30ths.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlastbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:根据第一段，当一个人带着传统的养老金离开工作岗位时，他会有一定金额的养老金。选项D正确。

第2题:根据第五段的第二句，相反，你可以根据雇主的决定得到5%左右的精算减值。选项C正确。

第3题:根据最后一段，当你提前退休并制定固定缴款计划时，问题是你开始把钱花在可以赚取利息的投资上，如果你在55岁退休，开始使用传统的养老金，到65岁时，你将只有你一直工作到65岁时的一半。选项A正确。

第4题:根据最后三段的内容可知，主要是讲提前退休将会损失更多，所以选项C正确。

第5题:根据第二段“theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.”所以选项B错误。

2.单选题

AlthoughIdon’twishto______yourcontribution,Ifeelwemustplaceitintitsproperperspective.

问题1选项

A.magnify

B.expurgate

C.denigrate

D.belittle

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项magnify表示“放大，赞美”，B项expurgate表示“删除，删去”，C项denigrate表示“诋毁，使变黑，玷污”，D项belittle表示“轻视，贬低”。Although引导让步状语从句，根据主句的内容“我觉得我们必须正确地看待它”可推知，Idon’twishto______yourcontribution表示的是“我不想贬低你的贡献”。句意：虽然我不想贬低你的贡献，但我觉得我们必须正确看待它。因此，该题选择D项正确。

3.单选题

Hecompliedwiththerequirementthatallgraduatestudentsineducation______athesis.

问题1选项

A.write

B.writing

C.towrite

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。与动词require的宾语从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气一样，名词requirement的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语动词也需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。句意：他遵守了所有教育学研究生都要写毕业论文的要求。因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

Theearningsofwomenarewellbelowthatofmen（

）educationaldifferencesthatarediminishingbetweenthetwosexes.

问题1选项

A.although

B.though

C.despiteof

D.inspiteof

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查副词辨析。四个选项都有“虽然，尽管”的意思。选项C的结构一般很少使用。Although和though都可以引导句子，不过although只能置于句首。这里空格后面是一个名词短语educationaldifferences跟一个that引导的定语从句。所以只能填入选项D介词短语，后面接名词。句意为：女性的收入远在男性之下，尽管两性在教育方面的差距正在消除。

5.单选题

Thatmachinewasveryuseful;buthewasdefinitely（

）whenhesaiditwasthegreatestmachineeverinvented.

问题1选项

A.lying

B.bluffing

C.exaggerating

D.overreacting

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。lie“躺”；bluff“虚张声势”；exaggerate“夸大”；overreact“反应过度”。句意：那台机器用处非常大，但是当他声称它曾经是最伟大的机器时，明显是在夸大。选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

TheplanetVenus,likeEarth,spinsonitsown（）asitorbitstheSun.

问题1选项

A.splinter

B.index

C.axis

D.trace

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项splinter“碎片”；B选项index“指数”；C选项axis“轴线”；D选项trace“痕迹”。句意：金星和地球一样，绕着太阳公转，也绕着自己的轴心自转。本句表示自转轴。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Computershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.Decadesago,whenthetechnologyconsistedsolelyofmassive,number-crunchingmainframecomputers,thechiefliberalartsapplicationswereincompilingstatisticalindexesofworksofliterature.

Mainframecomputershelpedgreatlyinthehighlylaborioustask,whichdatesbacktotheRenaissance,ofcatalogingeachreferenceofaparticularwordinaparticularwork.Concordanceshelpscholarsscrutinizeimportanttextsforpatternsandmeaning.Otherhumanitiesapplicationsforcomputersinthisearlyeraoftechnologyincludedcompilingdictionaries,especiallyforforeignorantiquatedlanguages,andcataloginglibrarycollections.

Suchtypesofcomputerusageinthehumanitiesmayseemlimitedatfirst,buttheyhaveproducedsomeinterestingresultsinthelastfewyearsandpromisetocontinuetodoso.Ascomputeruseandaccesshavegrown,sohasthenumberofdigitizedtextsofclassicliteraryworks.

Thecomputer-basedstudyofliterarytextshasestablisheditsownnicheinacademia.DonaldFoster,anEnglishprofessoratVassarCollegeinPoughkeepsie,NewYork,isoneoftheleadersintextualscholarship.Inthelate1980sFostercreatedSHAXICON,adatabasethattracksallthe“rare”wordsusedbyEnglishplaywrightWilliamShakespeare.EachofthesewordsappearsinanyindividualShakespeareplaynomorethan12times.Thewordscanthenbecross-referencedwithsome2,000otherpoetictexts,allowingexperiencedresearcherstoexplorewhentheywerewritten,whowrotethem,howtheauthorwasinfluencedbytheworksofotherwriters,andhowthetextschangedustheywerereproducedoverthecenturies.

Inlate1995Foster’sworkattractedwidespreadnoticewhenheclaimedthatShakespearewastheanonymousauthorofanobscure578-linepoem,AFuneralElegy(1612).Althoughexpertshadmadesimilarclaimsforotherworksinthepast,Fostergainedthebackingofanumberofprominentscholarsbecauseofhiscomputer-baseapproach.IfFoster’sclaimholdsuptolong-termjudgment,thepoemwillbeoneofthefewadditionstotheShakespeareancanoninthelast100years.

Foster’sworkgainedfurtherpublicacclaimandvalidationwhenhewasaskedtohelpidentifytheanonymousauthorofthebest-sellingpoliticalnovelPrimaryColors(1996).Afterusinghiscomputerprogramtocomparethestylistictraitsofvariouswriterswiththoseinthenovel,FostertabbedjournalistJoeKleinastheauthor.Soonafter,Kleinadmittedthathewastheauthor.FosterwasalsoemployedasanexpertinthecaseofthenotoriousUnabomber,aterroristwhopublishedananonymousmanifestoinseveralmajornewspapersin1995.

1.Thispaperwillmainlydiscuss（）.

2.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Fosteridentifiedtheauthorofananonymousmanifestoby（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanmostprobablybeinferredfromthepassage?

5.By"accesshavegrown"inparagraph3,theauthorprobablymeansthat（）.

问题1选项

A.advantageofcomputerusageinthestudyofhumanities

B.theapplicationofcomputerstocompilingstatisticindexesofliteraryworks

C.theapplicationofcomputerstocompilingdictionaries.

D.contributionsofcomputer-basedstudyofliterarytexts

问题2选项

A.AFuneralElegywasanauthenticworkfromShakespeare.

B.ComputerutilizationmadeForster'sclaimmoreconvincing.

C.Inthelast100years,additionalworksofShakespearehavebeenacceptedasauthentic.

D.Therearestillmanyworkswhoseauthorsareunknown.

问题3选项

A.studyingthewritingcharacteristicofthesuspects

B.cross-referringthemanifestowithotherterrorists

C.gainthesupportofwell-knownscholars

D.applyingcomputerstothestudyofitsstyles

问题4选项

A.Inthepast,mainframecomputerswereusedtohandlenumbers.

B.Computersusageinliberalartisnarrow.

C.Humanitiesapplicationsforcomputersmightproduceunexpectedresults.

D.Computersarebestindealingwithforeignorantiquatedlanguages.

问题5选项

A.morepeopleareabletologontoacomputersystem.

B.meansofapproachingacomputerssystemareexpanded.

C.technologyofcomputershavebeenupgraded.

D.areawherecomputerscanbeappliedhaveincreased

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.结合全文分析可以看出，第一段的第一句为本文的中心句。“Computershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.”所以选项D正确。

2.根据原文倒数第二段的内容可知，Foster声称莎士比亚是《葬礼晚歌》的匿名作者，因为他基于计算机的方法得到了知名学者的支持。本段的最后一句提到，如果Foster的主张经得起长时间的推敲判断，这首诗将是过去100年里莎士比亚经典中为数不多的几首增补作品之一。由此推断，选项A表述错误。

3.根据原文的后半部分可知Foster证实匿名作品的作者是通过应用计算机（比较不同作家的文体和风格）来研究其风格。选项D正确。

4.根据第二段的第一句“Mainframecomputershelpedgreatlyinthehighlylaborioustask.”可知选项A错误；根据第三段的第一句“Suchtypesof...continuetodoso.”可知，选项B错误；根据第二段的最后一句可知，选项D也不正确，所以本题选C。

5.access意为可接近的，可获得的。这里指计算机的普及，所以选项A正确。

8.单选题

Researchfindingsshowwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwe（

）duringtheday.

问题1选项

A.shouldhavedone

B.mayhavedone

C.wouldhavedone

D.musthavedone

【答案】B

【解析】句意:研究表明，无论白天做了什么，我们每晚睡觉时都会有两个小时的时间在做梦。

语法题。考查情态动词+havedone。shouldhavedone表示“本该发生而实际上未发生”；mayhavedone表示“对过去发生的行为的一种推测”；wouldhavedone表示“本来会做某事，但实际没有做成”；musthavedone表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”。故选B。

9.单选题

Goodsalesmenknowby（）thebestapproachtotakewithaparticularcustomer.

问题1选项

A.bent

B.genius

C.instinct

D.faculty

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项bent“天赋，爱好”；B选项genius“天才，天赋”；C选项instinct“本能，直觉”；D选项faculty“能力，功能”。句意：优秀的推销员凭直觉就知道应对特定客户的最佳方法。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Thebossnamedthecompany（）himself.

问题1选项

A.as

B.after

C.to

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。nameafter以…命名。句意：老板以他自己的名字给公司命名。

11.单选题

Nomatterhowfrequently（

），theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.

问题1选项

A.performed

B.performing

C.tobeperformed

D.beingperformed

【答案】A

【解析】句意:不管贝多芬的作品演奏多频繁，都能吸引大量的观众。

语法题。考查动词时态语态。perform与主语theworksofBeethoven在逆辑上是动宾关系，且“演奏”与句子谓语“吸引”没有时间上的先后顺序，用过去分词作状语。Nomatterhowfrequentlyperformed是省略了be动词are。故选A。

12.单选题

Pigeonisthecommonnameformembersofafamilyofbirds;smallerspeciesarecommonlyknownasdoves,butsizesofpigeonsanddoves().Thebirds,almostworldwideindistribution,aremostabundantinwarmregions.

问题1选项

A.surpass

B.transcend

C.overlap

D.join

【答案】C

【解析】句意：鸽子是鸟类的统称;较小的种类通常被称为鸽子，但是两种鸽子的大小是差不多的。这种鸟类分布在世界各地，但大多都在温暖地区。surpass超越，胜过；transcend超越，胜过；overlap重叠；join加入。选项C符合句意。

13.单选题

3.

问题1选项

A.Heisgoingtogetmarried.

B.Heisgoingtogethisbachelor'sdegree.

C.Hewillcountonthewomanforhelp.

D.Hewillbringhisownboozetotheparty.

【答案】A

【解析】W:We’llthrowTomabachelorparty.

M:Thencountmein.

W:Great.Beatourhouseat8p.m,andbringyourownbooze.

Q:WhatistrueaboutTom?

【解析】细节题。男士表示想去单身汉晚会，女士确认了时间为晚上八点，并且要自带酒水。

14.填空题

WhenLiSanwenttothehospitalforhis（1）healthcheck-up,thedoctor

onceagainadvisedhimtoquitsmokingand（2）weight.HealsotoldLitogetmore（3）andcutdownonthe（4）ofsaltinhasdiet.Lihasheardthismanytimesbefore,buthewillprobably（5）theadvice,（6）hehasinthepast.I’mafraiditwilltakeaheartattacktomakehim（7）hisattitude.

【答案】1.regular

2.lose

3.exercise

4.amount

5.ignore

6.as

7.change

【解析】1.语义题。regularhealthcheck-up常规健康体检

2.固定搭配。Loseweight减肥。

3.语义题。getmoreexercise加强锻炼

4.语义题。Amount数量。

5.语义题。Ignoretheadvice忽视意见。

6.语义题。As正如。

7.固定搭配。changeone'sattitude转变观念。

15.单选题

Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat（）decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.

问题1选项

A.urgent

B.hasty

C.instant

D.prompt

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项urgentadj.紧急的，急迫的；B选项hastyadj.轻率的，草率的，匆忙的；C选项instantadj.立即的，紧迫的；D选项promptadj.敏捷的，迅速的。句意：我们必须谨记仓促的决定常常会导致痛苦的悔恨。因此本题选择B项。

16.单选题

Winstonbecamequiteavariciousinhislatelife.

问题1选项

A.feeble

B.greedy

C.blatant

D.forgetful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。avaricious意为“贪财的，贪婪的”；feeble意为“虚弱的，衰弱的”；greedy意为“贪婪的，贪心的”；blatant意为“明目张胆的，公然的”；forgetful意为“健忘的，好忘事的，疏忽的”。

句意：温斯顿晚年变得相当贪婪。

17.单选题

Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier,havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.Butintheexecutivecircle,beautycanbecomealiability.

Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultoawoman.

Handsomemaleexecutiveswereperceivedashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen;effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones;theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.

Whyareattractivewomennotthoughttobeable?Anattractivewomanisperceivedtobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculinethanthelessattractiveones.Thus,anattractivewomanhasanadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs,butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthe“masculine”qualitiesrequired.

Thisistrueeveninpolitics.“Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks,peopletreatmenandwomendifferently,”saysAnnBowman,whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.Sheasked125undergraduatestoranktwogroupsofphotographs,oneofmenandoneofwomen,inorderofattractiveness.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain,intheordertheywouldvoteforthem.

Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen,butthewomenwhohadbeenrankedmostattractiveinvariablyreceivedthefewestvotes.

1.ThelastwordinParagraphone“liability”mostprobablymeans（）.

2.Intraditionallyfemalejobs,attractiveness（）.

3.Bowman’sexperimentrevealsthatwhenitcomestopolitics,attractiveness（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatpeople’sviewsonbeautyareoften（）.

5.Theauthorwritesthispassageto（）.

问题1选项

A.misfortunet

B.instabilityt

C.disadvantaget

D.burdent

问题2选项

A.reinforcesthefemininequalitiesrequiredt

B.makeswomenlookmorehonestandcapablet

C.isofprimaryimportancetowoment

D.oftenenableswomentosucceedquicklyt

问题3选项

A.turnsouttobeanobstaclet

B.affectsmenandwomenaliket

C.hasaslittleeffectonmenasonwoment

D.ismoreofanobstaclethanabenefittowoment

问题4选项

A.practicalt

B.prejudicedt

C.old-fashionedt

D.radicalt

问题5选项

A.discussthenegativeaspectsofbeingattractivet

B.giveadvicetojob-seekerswhoareattractivet

C.demandequalrightsforwoment

D.emphasizetheimportanceofappearance

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:语义推测题。题干意思是“第一段最后一个单词‘liability’的意思是……”。第一段开头便提到了美丽的优势，Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier,havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.（几乎每个人都认为有魅力的人更幸福、更健康，有更好的婚姻和更体面的职业；个人顾问会给他们更好的求职建议；就连法官对有吸引力的被告也比较宽容），接着最后一句话用but转折引出了下一句的内容Butintheexecutivecircle,beautycanbecomealiability，由此可知这句话应该是“但在行政圈，美貌可能成为一种劣势”，liability在文中表示“劣势”，故C项“缺点，劣势”正确。A项“不幸”、B项“不稳定”和D项“负担”都不能准确表达。故该题选择C项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。题干意思是“在传统的女性工作中，吸引力……”。第三段第二句提到Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones;theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.（人们认为，有魅力的女性高管不如没有魅力的人正直；她们的成功不是由于能力，而是由于运气等因素），可知对于有魅力的女性来说，她们会更加加强对女性素质的要求，故A项“加强对女性品质的要求”正确。B项“让女人看起来更诚实和有能力”和C项“对妇女来说是最重要的”与原文相反；D项“经常使妇女迅速成功”文章没有提到。故该题选择A项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“鲍曼的实验表明，当涉及到政治，吸引力……”。根据最后一段Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen,butthewomenwhohadbeenrankedmostattractiveinvariablyreceivedthefewestvotes.（结果显示，有魅力的男性彻底击败了没有魅力的男性，但被评为最有魅力的女性总是得到的选票最少）可以推理，当涉及到政治，吸引力对男性来说是一个好处，但是对女性来说是一个障碍，故D项“对女性来说，更多的是一个障碍而不是一个好处”正确。A项“变成一个障碍”，表述太绝对，因为外形好看对男性来说是有优势的；B项“对男性和女性的影响是一样的”和C项“对男人和女人的影响一样小”内容与原文不符。故该题选择D项正确。

第4题:推理判断题。题干意思是“从文章中可以推断出，人们对美丽的看法经常是……”。通读全文可知，在工作中，有魅力的女性的成功经常被认为是运气等因素，在政治中，漂亮的女性得不到选票，所以可以推断出人们对美丽的看法是具有偏见的，故B项“偏见的”正确。A项“实际的”、C项“守旧的”和D项“激进的”都不符合。故该题选择B项正确。

第5题:主旨大意题。题干意思是“作者写这篇文章的目的是……”。文章讨论的是有吸引力对女性的不利影响，故A项“讨论有吸引力的负面因素”符合题意。B项“给有吸引力的求职者建议”和C项“要求妇女享有平等权利”本文没有探讨；D项“强调外表的重要性”，本文只通过提到外表对男性的好处，与外表对女性的劣势作对比，并没有强调外表的重要性，D项错误。故该题选择A项正确。

18.单选题

Arithmeticistheonefundamentalscience,（）allotherphysicalsciences.

问题1选项

A.undermining

B.undertaking

C.underscoring

D.underlying

【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析题。undermine破坏，毁坏；undertake承担，从事；underscore强调；underlie成为…的基础，位于…之下。句意：算术是一门基础科学，是所有其他物理科学的基础。选项D符合句意。

19.单选题

Bynowhehasreachedthe（

）ofhisambition.

问题1选项

A.superiority

B.resolution

C.summit

D.procedure

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项superiority“优越”；B选项resolution“分辨率，决心”；C选项summit“顶点”；D选项procedure“程序，步骤”。句意：到目前为止，他已经达到了他抱负的顶峰。选项C符合句意。

20.单选题

Weareallmovedbythe（）ofthesepoorhomelesschildren.

问题1选项

A.plight

B.situation

C.condition

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。plight“困境；境况”；situation“（在特定的时间和地方所处的）情况；形势；处境”；condition“（人或物处于）状况；状态，尤指人的健康状态好坏”；circumstance“（与某事或某人有关的）情况，情形，环境，或生活状态，尤指经济状况等，常用复数”。句意：我们都被这些贫穷的、无家可归的孩子的______触动了。根据关键信息poorhomeless，可知这些孩子是处于困难之中，因此选项A符合题意。

21.单选题

______thechanceandthemoney,I’dcomeandseeyouinNewYorkintheforeseeablefuture.

问题1选项

A.Given

B.Assuming

C.Withregardto

D.Considering

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。A选项Given“如果有（机会等）；鉴于”，介词；B选项Assuming“假如”，从属连词，assuming(that)+从句；C选项Withregardto“关于，至于”；D选项Considering“考虑到；就……而言；鉴于”。句意：______有机会和钱，在可预见的将来我一定会来纽约看你。根据语境，这里指有机会和钱的时候会来看你，并且横线后面跟名词短语，A选项Given“如果有（机会等）”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

22.单选题

Johnwasso______inhisbookthathedidnothearthedoorbellring.

问题1选项

A.engaged

B.occupied

C.absorbed

D.concentrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项engaged“忙碌的”，beengagedin表示“参与，从事于”；B项occupied“已占用的”，beoccupiedin表示“使忙碌于，使从事于”；C项absorbed“被吸收的”，beabsorbedin表示“专心于”；D项concentrated“集中的，浓缩的”，beconcentratedin表示“集中在……”。根据关键词hisbook“他的书”和后面的句子didnothearthedoorbellring“没有听到门铃声”可知，空格部分表示“专心于，专注于”符合语境。句意：约翰在专心看书，以至于没听见门铃响。因此，该题选择C项正确。

23.单选题

Theopeningceremonywascolorful,butthe（

）proceedingswereboring.

问题1选项

A.subsequent

B.consequent

C.successive

D.later

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管开幕式多姿多彩，但是随后的活动却是无聊的。

考查形容词辨析。Subsequent随后的,后来的;consequent随之发生的,作为结果的;successive连续的,依次的;later后来的,以后的。故A符合句意。

24.单选题

Theword“science”isheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.However,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfusing,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruescience,distinguishingfactsfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangersolongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistscontinuetoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureofthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatend,specialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposesforinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputineconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveriesofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago,however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofcell.Thehostofscientistsdevotingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

1.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit（）.

2.Purescience,leadingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,（）.

Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

4.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

问题2选项

A.mayleadtoantiscientific,“impure”results

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

问题3选项

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturescience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

问题4选项

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

问题5选项

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactsfromFictions

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键信息“todefinescience”定位至第一段:Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(正是为了使解释尽可能简单，假定科学被定义为“分类知识”),故选D“分类知识”。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词theconstructionofamicroscope定位至第五段:however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell(然而，人们应该不会忘记:显微镜的建造必须早于细胞的发现),因此B项“一定会领先于应用科学，导致细胞的发现”正确。

3.判断推理题。题干为:一位对增加我们关于氧气的常识感兴趣的科学家可能称他的方法为?第四段指出:twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience(两种基本的方法导致了新信息的发现。一种是为了满足好奇心，被称为纯科学),因此这个科学家的方法可以被称为产科学,故选C。

4.判断推理题。A:从事理论研究的科学家不应该由于忽视他们发现的实用性而被谴责,第五段指出:Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideofthediscoveries(许多致力于纯科学研究的科学家并不为忽视发现的实用性而道歉),因此A项符合原文所述。B:现在很少有人能真正理解科学的含义,第一段指出:Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning(现代人经常听到科学这个词,几乎每个人都对它的含义有一些概念),因此B不符合原文所述。C:就科学而言,区分事实和虚构并不是很难,根据第二段首句“Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy(即使在真正的科学中，区分事实和虚构并不总是容易的)”可知C项不正确。D:追求实用性的人能够理解纯科学的含义和目标。根据第五段首句“Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescience(有时候有实际头脑的人会忽略纯科学的意义)”可知D项与原文不符。故选A。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是科学的定义、科学的分类以及科学家的特性，因此，A项“科学和科学家的特性”最适合做文章标题。

25.单选题

Theageofthegeneralpractitionerisover.Moreandmoregraduatesofmedicalschoolstendto（

）,thatis,toconcentrateonlimitedareasoftheirresearch.

问题1选项

A.generalize

B.rationalize

C.study

D.specialize

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。generalize“概括”；rationalize“使合理化”；study“研究，学习”；specialize“专攻”。句意：全科医生的时代过去了。越来越多的医科学校的毕业生倾向于专攻，即专心把精力集中在有限的领域。选项D符合题意。

26.单选题

Byturningthisknobtotherightyoucan（

）thesoundfromtheradio.

问题1选项

A.intensify

B.amplify

C.enlarge

D.reinforce

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。intensify意为“加强，强化”；amplify意为“放大，扩大”，一般指声音的放大；enlarge意为“扩大”，一般指面或体积的扩大；reinforce意为“加固，加强”。

句意：通过这个旋钮向右转动，你可以放大收音机的声音。

27.单选题

Themaglevwillactuallyracealongaguidewayatalmost500kilometersperhour,（

）onthemagneticfield.

问题1选项

A.accelerating

B.duplicating

C.floating

D.roaring

【答案】C

【解析】考查现在分词。accelerating加速的，催化的；duplicating复制，拷贝；floating漂浮，浮动；roaring吼，叫喊。句意：磁悬浮列车将在磁场中以每小时500公里的速度沿着导轨运行。由磁悬浮列车的特点可知“它是漂浮在磁场中”，故C项符合句意。

28.单选题

Thefillingstation（）becausethereweretoomanyothersonthestreet.

问题1选项

A.wen