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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津师范大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theyhavehadonlyon

togainthewealth.

问题1选项

A.objectivism

B.objection

C.objective

D.objectivity

【答案】C

【解析】形近词辨析。objectivism客观主义;objection反对,异议;objective目的,目标;objectivity客观性。句意:他们只有一个目标就是获得财富。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

Theintroductionofgunpowdergraduallymadethebowandarrow(),particularlyinWesternEurope.

问题1选项

A.obscure

B.obsolete

C.optional

D.overlapping

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obscure“昏暗的,朦胧的”;B选项obsolete“淘汰的,废弃的,过时的”;C选项optional“可选择的”;D选项overlapping“重叠的”。根据句意可知,火药的引入应该是使弓箭逐渐被淘汰,所以选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal()forlivingexpenses.

问题1选项

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项acceptable“可接受的”;B选项applicable“可适用的,合适的”;C选项advisable“明智的”;D选项available“可获得的”。句意:一般来说,学生可用于住房的钱应该占全部生活费的五分之一。availablefor意为“可用于……的”,所以选项D正确。

4.单选题

Onemoretry,(

)youwillsucceed.

问题1选项

A.or

B.but

C.so

D.and

【答案】D

【解析】考查逻辑连词。or表示选择关系,but表转折关系,so常用来连接表示因果关系的句子,and表示并列关系。此句中前后句为并列顺延的关系。句意:再试一次,你就会成功。故D项正确。

5.单选题

TheBushJuntaisusingthe_______ofHurricaneKatrinatocutthewagesofpeopledesperatelytryingtorebuildtheirlivesandtheircommunities.

问题1选项

A.dismantlement

B.devastation

C.scuttle

D.wreckage

【答案】B

【解析】dismemberment分割,肢解;devastation毁坏;scuttle逃避;wreckage失事。句意:布什政府正利用Katrina飓风带来的破坏,削减那些拼命试图重建生活和社区的人们的工资。选项B符合句意。

6.单选题

Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlykid,whohadbeen(

)formorepocketmoneyallthetime.

问题1选项

A.impressing

B.importuning

C.informing

D.improvising

【答案】B

【解析】impress给人印象;importune强求,一再向某人要求;inform告诉,通知;improvise即兴创作。句意:这对夫妇一直试图满足他们唯一的孩子的所有需要,而孩子一直在不断地要求更多的零花钱。选项B符合语境。

7.单选题

Bothtelevisioncommercialsandprogramspresent()viewofthematerialworld,onewhichpromotesastandardoflivingthatmostofuscanprobablynotattain.

问题1选项

A.astandardized

B.anunrealistic

C.abetter

D.aninteresting

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。根据下句“mostofuscanprobablynotattain”可推测,这个观点是不切实际的,所以选项B符合语境。

8.单选题

Scienceisbasedonexperiment,onawillingnessto()olddogma,onanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.

问题1选项

A.encounter

B.convert

C.challenge

D.formulate

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。encounter“偶然遇见”;convert“转换”;challenge“挑战”;formulate“规划”。句意:科学是基于实验的,愿意去挑战老教条,以开放的眼光去探求宇宙的本质。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Despiteatendencytobeovertly(

),thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

问题1选项

A.diverting

B.whimsical

C.didactic

D.deceitful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。diverting有趣的,令人快乐的;whimsical古怪的,异想天开的;didactic说教的,教诲的;deceitful欺诈的。句意:尽管趋势是明显的说教,但是中世纪的诗歌经常激发人们想象力,提供生动的乐趣以及虔诚的感情。由despite及下文可知空格处所填的单词与后文意思相反。

10.单选题

Theageofgildedyouth(纨绔子弟)isover.Today’sunder-thirtiesarethefirstgenerationforacenturywhocanexpectalowerlivingstandardthantheirparents.Researchintothelifestylesandprospectsofpeoplewhowerebornsince1970showsthattheyarelikelytofacealifetimeoflongerworkinghours,lowerjobsecurityandhighertaxesthanthepreviousgeneration.Whentheyleaveworklateintheevening,theywillbemorelikelytoreturntoasmallrentedflatthantoahouseoftheirown.When,eventually,theyretire,theirpensionsarefarlowerinrealtermsthanthoseoftheirimmediateforebears.

ThesefindingsarerevealedinastudyofthewayhowtheageingofBritain’spopulationisaffectingdifferentgenerations.AntheaTinker,professorofsocialgerontologyatKing’sCollegeLondon,whocarriedoutmuchofthework,saidthegrowthoftheproportionofpeopleover50hadreversedthetraditionalflowofwealthfromoldertoyoungergenerations.“Today’soldermiddle-agedandelderlyarebecomingthenewwinners.”shesaid,“Theymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintaxbutnowmakerelativelybigclaimsonthewelfaresystem.Generationsborninthelastthreetofourdecadesfacetheprospectofhandingovermorethanathirdoftheirlifetime’searningstocareforthem.”

Thesurgingnumberofolderpeople,manylivingalone,hasalsoincreaseddemandforpropertyandpusheduphouseprices.Whilepreviousgenerationsfounditeasytoraiseamortgage,today’sunder-thirtieshavetolivewiththeirparentsorrent.Iftheycanaffordtobuyahome,itismorelikelytobeaflatthanahouse.LauraLenox-Conyngham,28,grewupinalargehouseandhermotherdidnotneedtowork.Unlikeherwealthyparents,shegraduatedwithstudentandpostgraduateloandebtsof£13,000.Shenowearnsabout£20,000ayear,preparingfoodtobephotographedformagazines.Herhomeisaone-bedroomflatincentralLondonandshesubletsthelungesofa-bedtoherbrother.“Myfathertookpityandpaidoffmystudentdebts.”shesaid,“ButIstillhavenopensionandnochanceofbuyingapropertyforatleastacoupleofyears-andthenitwillbesomethingsmallinabadarea.Myonlyhopeisthetraditionaloneofmeetingarichman.”Tinker’sresearchrevealsLenox-Conynghamisrepresentativeofmanyyoungprofessionals,especiallyinLondon,Manchester,EdinburghandBristol.

1.Bysaying“thegrowthoftheproportion…toyoungergenerations”(Para.2),AntheaTinkerreallymeansthat________.

2.Whyaretoday’soldermiddle-agedandelderlybecomingthenewwinners?

3.Whichfactorpushedhouseprices?

4.InwhatwaydoesLauraLenox-Conynghammakeherliving?

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.

问题1选项

A.currentlywealthflowsfromoldgenerationtoyoungergeneration

B.traditionallywealthflowsfromyoungergenerationtooldgeneration

C.withtheincreasinglybigpopulationofover50,thetrendarisesthatwealthflowsfromyoungergenerationtooldgeneration

D.withmoreandmorepeopleofover50,traditionshavebeenreversed

问题2选项

A.Becausetheycontributedasmallportioninlaxbutenjoymoreonthewelfaresystem.

B.Becausetheycontributedalotintaxandnowcanclaimmuchonthewelfaresystem.

C.Becausetheymadesmallcontributions,butnowcanmakemoneyeasily.

D.Becausetheyoutnumberyoungergenerationandenjoymoreprivilegesinthepresentsociety.

问题3选项

A.Manyyoungmen,wholivealone,haveincreaseddemandforhouses.

B.Manyyoungmenneedtorentmorehouses.

C.Itiseasytoapplyforamortgagetoryounggeneration.

D.Thenumberofolderpeople,manyofwhomlivealone,becomesbiggerandbigger.

问题4选项

A.Bytakingphotographsformagazines.

B.Bymarringarichman.

C.Bysublettingtheloungesofa-bedtoherbrother.

D.Bypreparingfoodforphotographsforsomemagazines.

问题5选项

A.Today’sunder-thirtiesareleadingamiserablelifeinBritain

B.LauraLenox-Conyngham’sattitudetoworkandliferepresentsthatofmanyyoungprofessionalsinBritain

C.Lifecangetharderforunder-thirtiesinBritain

D.EldersenjoyextremelyhighlivingstandardsinBritain

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句AntheaTinker…saidthegrowthoftheproportionofpeopleover50hadreversedthetraditionalflowofwealthfromoldertoyoungergenerations.(AntheaTinker表示,50岁以上人口比例的增长逆转了财富从老一辈流向年轻一代的传统趋势。),可知因为50岁以上人口比例的增长,财富从老一辈流向年轻一代的传统趋势被逆转。结合第一段第三句Researchintothelifestylesandprospectsofpeoplewhowerebornsince1970showsthattheyarelikelytofacealifetimeoflongerworkinghours,lowerjobsecurityandhighertaxesthanthepreviousgeneration.(对1970年以后出生的人的生活方式和前景的研究表明,与上一代人相比,他们可能终生面临更长的工作时间、更低的工作保障和更高的税收。)和第二段第一句ThesefindingsarerevealedinastudyofthewayhowtheageingofBritain’spopulationisaffectingdifferentgenerations.(一项关于英国人口老龄化如何影响不同世代的研究揭示了这些发现。),可知AntheaTinker的研究对老一代和年轻一代的财富进行对比,是为了证明人口老龄化让财富从年轻一代流向老一代,C选项“随着50岁以上的人口越来越多,出现了财富从年轻一代流向老一代的趋势”正确。A选项“目前财富从老一代流向年轻一代”和B选项“在传统上财富从年轻一代流向老一代”:和文中观点相反,属于反向干扰。D选项“随着50岁以上的人口越来越多,传统被颠覆了”:文中的重点是人口老龄化对财富趋势的影响,而不是对传统的改变,属于曲解原文。因此C选项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第三、四句“Today’soldermiddle-agedandelderlyarebecomingthenewwinners.”shesaid,“Theymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintaxbutnowmakerelativelybigclaimsonthewelfaresystem.”(“如今的中老年人口正在成为新的赢家。”她说,“他们缴纳的税款相对较少,但现在对福利制度的要求相对较高。”),可知A选项“因为他们贡献得少,但在福利制度上享受更多”正确。B选项“因为他们缴纳了很多税收,现在可以要求更多的福利制度”:他们没有缴纳很多税款,属于反向干扰。C选项“因为他们贡献得少,但现在可以很容易地赚钱”和D选项“因为他们在数量上超过了年轻一代,在当今社会享有更多的特权”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第三段第一句Thesurgingnumberofolderpeople,manylivingalone,hasalsoincreaseddemandforpropertyandpusheduphouseprices.(老年人数量的激增,其中许多人独自生活,也增加了对房产的需求,推高了房价。),可知D选项“老年人的数量越来越多,其中许多人独自生活”正确。A选项“许多独自生活的年轻人对房子的需求增加了”和B选项“许多年轻人需要租更多的房子”:文中说的是老年人而非年轻人对房子的需求增加,属于曲解原文。C选项“年轻人很容易申请抵押贷款”:根据第三段第二句previousgenerationsfounditeasytoraiseamortgage(前几代人很容易就能拿到抵押贷款),可知是前几代人而非现在的年轻人很容易申请抵押贷款,与题干中房价上涨的内容无关,属于曲解原文和出处错位。因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第三段第六句Shenowearnsabout£20,000ayear,preparingfoodtobephotographedformagazines.(她现在一年能挣2万英镑,以为杂志拍照为生。),可知A选项“通过为杂志拍照”正确,D选项“通过为一些杂志拍摄照片而准备食物”不符合原文意思,属于曲解原文。B选项“嫁给一个有钱人”:根据第三段倒数第二句Myonlyhopeisthetraditionaloneofmeetingarichman.(按照传统,我唯一的希望就是遇到一个有钱人。),这里指的是她的想法而非谋生方式,属于出处错位。C选项“把沙发床转租给她哥哥”:根据第三段第七句shesubletsthelungesofa-bedtoherbrother(她把沙发床转租给了她的弟弟),这是她做过的事情,但并不以此为生,属于出处错位。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。文章在第一段第二句提出Today’sunder-thirtiesarethefirstgenerationforacenturywhocanexpectalowerlivingstandardthantheirparents.(如今30岁以下的人是一个世纪以来第一代生活水平低于他们父母的人。),随后通过研究和具体的例子来证明这一点,C选项“在英国,30岁以下的人的生活可能会变得更加艰难”正确。A选项“在如今的英国,30岁以下的人过着悲惨的生活”:文中表示30岁以下的人处境更难,但没有到很悲惨的地步,属于曲解原文。B选项“LauraLenox-Conyngham对工作和生活的态度代表了英国许多年轻专业人士的态度”:根据文章最后一句Tinker’sresearchrevealsLenox-Conynghamisrepresentativeofmanyyoungprofessionals(Tinker的研究表明Lenox-Conyngham是许多年轻专业人士的代表),文中没有表明她对工作和生活的态度如同其他年轻专业人士,属于曲解原文。D选项“在英国,老年人享有极高的生活水平”:文中提到老年人纳税较少,但享受的福利力度较大,但不等于生活水平极高,属于曲解原文。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Thepersonheinterviewedwas()hisformerschoolmate.

问题1选项

A.nootherthan

B.nomorethan

C.noneotherthan

D.nonetheless

【答案】C

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项nootherthan“不是别的…;正是…”;B选项nomorethan“不过;仅仅”;C选项noneotherthan“不是别的…;正是…”;D选项nonetheless“仍然,还是”。句意:他采访的人正是他以前的同学。因此A和C都符合句意,但在现代英语中nootherthan不太常用,且多用于指物,而常用noneotherthan来指人,故本题选C。

12.单选题

Merchantandpassengershipsaregenerallyrequiredtohavealifepreserverforeverypersonaboardandinmanycases,acertainpercentageofsmallersizesforchildren.AccordingtoUnitedStatesrequirements,lifepreserversmustdesign,reversiblecapableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual,andmustbesodesignedastosupportthewearerinthewaterinanuprightorslightlybackwardposition.

Sufficientbuoyancy(浮力)tosupportthewearershouldberetainedbythelifepreserverafter48hoursinthewater,anditshouldbereliableevenafterlongperiodofstorage.Thusitshouldbemadeofmaterialsresistanttosunlight,gasoline,andoils,anditshouldbenoteasilysetonfire.Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupportapersonwhojumpsorfallsintothewateristhemostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.

Themethodofadjustmenttothebodyshouldbesimple,andself-evidenttouninitiatedpersonseveninthedarkundertheconfusedconditions,whichfollowadisaster.Thus,thelifebereversiblethatitisnearlyimpossibletogetitonwrong.Catches,straps,andtiesshouldbekepttoaminimum.Inaddition,thelifepreservermustbeadjustabletothewidevarietyofshapesandsizesofwearers,sincethisgreatlyaffectsthepositionoffloatingandtheself-rightingqualities.Asuitablelifealsobecomfortabletowearatalltimes,inandoutofthewater,notsoheavyastoencouragetotakeitoffonshipboardwhiletheshipisindanger,norsoburdensomethatithindersapersoninthewaterwhiletryingtoswim.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout().

2.Accordingtothepassage,alifemustbefirstofall().

3.UnitedStatesCoastGuarddoesNOTrequirethelifepreservertobemade().

4.By“theuninitiatedindividual”(Para.1,Line.4)theauthorreferstotheperson().

5.Whatwouldhappenifapersonweresupportedbythelifepreserverinawrongposition?

问题1选项

A.theusesoflifepreservers

B.thedesignoflifepreservers

C.thematerialsforlifepreservers

D.thebuoyancyoflifepreservers

问题2选项

A.adjustable

B.comfortable

C.self-evident

D.self-righting

问题3选项

A.withasfewstringsaspossible

B.capableofbeingwornonbothsides

C.accordingtoeachwearer’ssize

D.comfortableandlighttowear

问题4选项

A.whohasnotbeeninstructedhowtousealifepreserver

B.whohasalittleexperienceinusingalifepreserver

C.whousesalifepreserverwithoutpermission

D.whobecomesnervousbeforeadisaster

问题5选项

A.Thewaveswouldmovehimbackwards

B.Thewaterwouldhithiseyes

C.Hewouldimmediatelysinktothebottom

D.Hewouldbeexhaustedorunconscious

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.主旨大意题。由第一段“AccordingtoUnitedStatesrequirements,lifepreserversmustdesign,reversiblecapableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual'andmustbesodesignedastosupportthewearerinthewaterinanuprightorslightlybackwardposition.根据美国的要求,救生衣的设计必须是可逆的,能够迅速调整以适应不熟悉的个人,而且必须设计得能够在水中支撑穿戴者直立或稍微向后的位置。可知本文主要讲的是有关救生衣的设计。故B项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段“Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupportapersonwhojumpsorfallsintothewateristhemostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.救生衣支撑落水的人的位置是最重要的,即使在穿戴者筋疲力尽或失去意识的情况下,它也会使穿戴者在水中从脸朝下的位置转向直立或稍微向后的位置,使他的脸不沾水。”可知救生衣最重要的特征是能够自动扶正的。故D项正确。

3.细节事实题。由最后第一段“Thus,thelifebereversiblethatitisnearlyimpossibletogetitonwrong.Catches,straps,andtiesshouldbekepttoaminimum.Inaddition,thelifepreservermustbeadjustabletothewidevarietyofshapesandsizesofwearers.Asuitablelifealsobecomfortabletowearatalltimes,inandoutofthewater,notsoheavyastoencouragetotakeitoffonshipboardwhiletheshipisindanger,因此救生衣应该可以两面都穿的,这样的话几乎不可能穿反。带子应尽可能少。另外救生衣一定要根据不同穿戴者的体型来调节。合适的救生衣应该总是穿起来舒适,无论在水里还是在水的外面,并且不能太重以至于船遇到危险时会想要把它脱下来。”可知ABD三项在文中都有提及,故C项不对。答案选C。

4.词义题。由第一段“AccordingtoUnitedStatesrequirements,lifepreserversmustdesign,reversiblecapableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual,根据美国的要求,救生衣必须设计出双面可穿的、不熟悉穿戴的人能够迅速适应的。由该句可推断该词的意思为没穿戴过救生衣的,没受过训练的人。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。由第二段“Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupportapersonwhojumpsorfallsintothewateristhemostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.救生衣支撑落水的人的位置是最重要的,即使在穿戴者筋疲力尽或失去意识的情况下,它也会使穿戴者在水中从脸朝下的位置转向直立或稍微向后的位置,使他的脸不沾水。”题干中的inawrongposition与文中的face-downposition相对应,故D项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

13.单选题

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we()soformally.

问题1选项

A.needn’tdressup

B.didnotneeddressup

C.didnotneedhavedressedup

D.needn’thavedressedup

【答案】D

【解析】句意:原来是一个小型的家庭聚会,我们本没有必要穿得那么正式。Need的否定形式为needn’t,所以首先排除选项B和C。needn’thavedone表示不需要做某事却做了。所以选项D正确。

14.单选题

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysought,throughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearfulpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassed,someritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeingsandmimedthedesiredeffect——successinhuntorballet,thecoiningrain,therevivalofthesun—asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,ofother-feats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthataretheimitationofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Anappropriatetitleofthepassagewouldbe(

).

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?

3.Whichofthefollowingideasdoesthepassagesupport?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

问题1选项

A."TheOriginsofTheater"

B.“TheRoleofRitualinModernDance"

C."TheImportanceofStorytelling"

D."TheWietyofEarlyReligiousActivities"

问题2选项

A.Dance.

B.Magic.

C.Music.

D.Costumes.

问题3选项

A.Nooneissureabouttheoriginoftheater.

B.Mythsweretheultimateoriginofdrama.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdrama.

D.Allreligionscamefromritualactivities.

问题4选项

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandramadoes.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章前两段介绍了广泛为人接受的理论-——戏剧起源于宗教仪式。最后一段还介绍了另外两种有关戏剧起源的理论——认为戏剧源自人们对叙述故事的兴趣,和认为可以将戏剧的起源追溯至舞蹈。故A项“戏剧的起源”比较适合作文章标题。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused(认为戏剧从仪式演化而来的人们还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的基本因素,因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎经常被使用),因此B项“魔术”不是戏剧和仪式的基本因素。

3.判断推理题。A:没有人能确定戏剧的起源,B:神话是戏剧的最终起源,第一段指出:TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual(有很多关于古希腊戏剧起源的理论。其中今天最广泛为人接受的理论是基于戏剧起源于宗教仪式的假设),由此可知A项正确,B项不正确。C:讲故事是戏剧的一个重要部分,最后一段指出:Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling(另一个追溯戏剧起源的理论认为它来自人们对叙述故事的兴趣),由此可知C项和原文并不相符。D:所有的宗教起源于宗教仪式活动,文章并未提及。故此题选A。

4.细节事实题。倒数第二段指出:此外,还有表演者,因为在仪式的制定中避免犯错误是相当重要的,宗教领袖通常承担这个任务。他们戴着面具,穿着戏服,经常模仿其他人、动物或超自然的生物,模仿演员所期望的效果——成功模仿狩猎或芭蕾,无论晴天或雨天。这种戏剧性的表现最终与宗教活动分离开来。由此可看出D项“宗教仪式有一个宗教目的,而戏剧没有”正确。

15.单选题

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

问题1选项

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

问题2选项

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

问题3选项

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

问题4选项

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

问题5选项

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.语义推测题。authored意思为“写作;编写”。根据第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles(写了另外11本关于出售收藏品的书),这里authored搭配books,D选项“写”比较符合语境,也和authored词义相近。A选项“是某方面的权威”,B选项“批准,授权”和C选项“放弃权利”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”(“《垃圾还是宝藏》可以让你变得富有,”……“这比买彩票好——你不会因为拥有这本书而失去什么。”),文章写的是卖废品为财富,运用这本书的内容会让人增加财富,更不会因为这本书失去什么,所以B选项“你可能花了很多钱买彩票,却什么也得不到,但是如果你买这本书,总会得到些什么”正确。A选项“你可能会失去一张彩票,但不会失去这本书”,C选项“可能买彩票你来晚了,但是买这本书不会晚”和D选项“如果你买彩票,可能不会像他人一样优秀,但是如果你买这本书,就会和其他人一样优秀”不符合文章内容。因此B选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.(这就是为什么海曼博士的书是无价的:它直接把你带到1200个专业买家面前,而他们正在积极地寻找你的灰尘收集器。),这些专家专门收购垃圾,所以D选项“收集垃圾的东西”符合题意。A选项“积灰尘的东西”,B选项“受雇帮助清理垃圾的人”和C选项“被雇佣来清空垃圾箱的人”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.(因为它不仅告诉你你拥有什么可能有价值的东西,还告诉你把它卖给谁,他们在哪里,以及如何处理交易。),可知这本书的内容有A选项“专业买家的所在地”,B选项“可能有价值的东西”和D选项“谁会买有价值的收藏品”,C选项“专业买家什么时候处理交易”不包含在内。因此C选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍了TrashorTreasure这本书,也介绍了这本书的作者和内容,而没有对这本书的评价,所以A选项“书的序言”正确。B选项“书评”、C选项“社会服务机构给的意见”和D选项“广告”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

16.单选题

Yousaidthebookswereontheshelf,but______there.

问题1选项

A.therewasnoone

B.therewerenone

C.therewerenoones

D.wasnone

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.therewasnoone没有一个人B.therewerenone没有

C.therewerenoones没有人D.wasnone没有

【考查点】不定代词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意和前面出现的books,可知后面应该用none代词前面的books,故B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A、C选项中的one指人们;

D选项句子结构不完整。

【句意】你说书都在书架上,但是那儿一本都没有。

17.单选题

MRBROWNTall,attractiveman,single,aged30.Outdoortype,sports-loving.Playsfootball,tennisandsquash.Enjoysswimmingandskiing.Beerdrinker.PEinstructoratboys’school.

MRGREENUnemployed,unmarried,undernourishedEnglishLit.graduate,aged23.Indoortype,plays‘DungeonsandDragons’andanyotherrole-playingadventuregames.Enjoysrockandjazzrecordsandsci-fifilmsandbooks.LivesinLondon.

MRBLACKMaturemanof50,recentlywidowedwithonesonof15.Ownbusinessandhome.Enjoysbridge,Frenchfoodandgoodclaret.Verysociable,likesentertainingandtravel.Citydweller

MRWHITEQuiet,shy,peace-lovingman,aged35.Divorced,non-smoker.Ecologist,livesandworksinthecountry.Enjoyschess,walkingandreading.Likeseighteenth-centuryclassicalmusicanddrywhitewine.Dislikesnoiseandenergeticsports.

1.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoayoungwomanof25whodoesn’tlikelivingintownandwhoenjoysplayingsports?

2.Mr.Blackismostlikelytobeattractedto().

3.WhichofthesewomenstudentswouldprobablyfindMr.Greeninteresting?

4.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoawomanof30whousedtobeavolleyballplayerandnowisarefereeofthegame?

5.Whatkindofpublicationmightthesepeopleadvertisein?

问题1选项

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

问题2选项

A.anattractivewidowwhoisveryshy

B.afun-loving,intelligentwoman

C.aprettywomanwhohatestravelling

D.abusinesswomanwhoisastrictvegetarian

问题3选项

A.Alawstudentwhoitverylogicalandpractical.

B.Adreamy,romanticmusicstudentwhodislikespopmusic.

C.Anenergetic,sociologystudent,interestedinpolitics.

D.Anamusing,carefreeartstudentwhoisfun-loving.

问题4选项

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

问题5选项

A.Aqualitydailynewspaper.

B.Abusinessmagazine.

C.Apopularweeklymagazine.

D.Atradejournal.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据文章对MRBROWN的介绍:三十岁,单身,又高又有魅力,性格外向,爱好运动。这些都符合25岁女性的选择,因此选项A符合题意。

第2题:判断推理题。文章对MRBLACK的介绍是这样的:50岁,丧妻,有一个15岁的儿子;有自己的公司和家,喜欢桥牌、法国食物和红酒;善于交际,喜欢娱乐和旅行;城市居民。可以推测出“聪明有趣的女人”会吸引他的注意。选项B符合题意。

第3题:判断推理题。文章对MRGREEN的介绍是这样的:没有工作,没有结婚,英国文学素养不高的23岁毕业生;性格内向,喜欢玩“龙与地下城”及其他冒险类游戏;喜欢摇滚和爵士唱片,科幻电影和书籍;居住在伦敦。由此可知和他具有相同爱好的女学生会对他比较感兴趣,因此选项D“有趣,无忧无虑,喜欢有趣的东西的艺术生”符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。文章对MRBROWN的介绍中提到他是“男子学校的体育教练”(PEinstructoratboys’school),与题干中的“avolleyballplayer”以及“arefereeofthegame”很匹配,因此选项A符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。文章是一篇征婚交友启事,因此刊登在“流星周刊”合适,选项C符合题意。

18.翻译题

Thepinpricktothecreditbubblecamewiththehousing-sectormeltdowninlate200

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