考研考博-英语-天津天狮学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津天狮学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Herspeechwas（

）andcausedalotofangrycomment.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.prone

C.provocative

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项prospective“未来的，预期的”；B选项prone“有…倾向的”；C选项provocative“刺激的，挑拨的，气人的”；D选项promising“有希望的”。句意：她的演讲很气人，引起了许多愤怒的评论。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

Americansfeelthatusingsomeone'swordsinaresearchpaperwithoutreferencingthemistantamounttostealing.

问题1选项

A.necessary

B.unbelievable

C.acceptable

D.equivalent

【答案】D

【解析】句意：美国人认为，在研究论文中使用某人的话而不提及他们，就相当于是抄袭。tantamount意为“等于，相当于”。equivalent相等的，同意义的。选项D与之意思相近。

3.单选题

Inthenewageofemployment,NewZealandexecutiveswithskillstosellareincreasinglycreatingtheirownfuture.Inpracticalterms,thismeansthatcomplains,whichexpecttheirstafftogivetheirsoultothecompany,maybedisappointed.New-ageexecutiveswanttobethekeeperoftheirownsouls.Enlightenedchiefexecutivesknowthatexecutiveswhogive100percentaren’tnecessarilythebestpeopletohaveinthecompany.

Thelatestcatchphraseforthisnewapproachis“Balancedemployment,”whichinthefuturewillbecometheyardstickbywhichprospectiveemployeesjudgecompanies.Smartcompaniesarerightnowcreatinganenvironmentthatwillattracttheskillstheyneed.Therewillbeaskillshortageinmanycountriesinthenextcentury.Thepeoplewithskillsthatcompaniesneedarelookingforanenjoyableworkingenvironmentthatrecognizesthewholeperson.Theydonotwantacomeroffice;theywantfreedom.Theywanttohaveplentyofholidaystodotheirownthing.

Theimplicationsformanagementstylesareprofound.Tomorrow’sexecutiveswillbenotonproductivity,coldonarbitraryworkpatterns.Forthenewbreed,a70-hourworkingweekisn’tsomethingtoboastabout,ifit’sanadmissionoflousytimemanagement.Executivesrecruitmentagenciesreportthatmoreandmorepeopleareaskingfirstabouttheflexibilityofthecompany’sworkingarrangementsandonlysecondaboutsalarypackages.Thesalarypackagewasn'tunimportantbutcamewellbehindwhatmightbecalledthewholedetailsofthejob.Employeeswhoworkfororganizationsthatgivethemflexibilitydevelopanincrediblesenseofloyalty.Becausetheylovetheirwork,theydevelopaverystrongtiewiththeircompany.Inreturn,thisaddsuptothecreationofanenvironment,whichnotonlyattractsstaffbutkeepsthem,too.

Furthermore,manufacturershavetriedtoinstallhumanityintheworkplace.Best-sellingbooksbyDr.Dyerhaveencouragedemployeestothinkofthemselvesascreativeindividualsintheworkplaceandnotascogsinacorporatemill.

1.Executiveswhogive100percentaren’tnecessarilythebestpeopletohavethecompanybecause（

）.

2.Thecompanyispopularifithas

（

）.

3.WhichisNOTtrueaboutbalancedemployment?

4.Thesentence“Manufacturershavetriedtoinstallhumanityintheworkplace”(Para.4)means

（

）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.employeesthemselveswilldecidewhichcompanytochoose

B.thebestpeopledon’twanttodevotethemselvescompletelytothecompany

C.thebestpeopledon’tliketostayinaplaceforalongtime

D.thebestpeoplelookdownuponthelessqualified

问题2选项

A.arbitraryworkpatterns

B.lousymanagement

C.flexibleworkingenvironment

D.busytimeschedule

问题3选项

A.Thenumbersofemployersandemployeesareproportional

B.Employeeswillenjoymorefreedom

C.Itisastandardbywhichfutureemployeesjudgecompanies

D.Companieswillcreateenvironmentattractivetotheemployees

问题4选项

A.theycarryouthumanetreatment

B.theyencourageemployeestoworkhard

C.theyplayaroleincorporatemill

D.theytakeindividualemployeesasdominantfactor

问题5选项

A.Employeesdecidetochooseworkattheirownwill.

B.Loyaltyisessentialtoacompany.

C.Prospectiveemployeespreferfavorableenvironment.

D.Companieshavecreatedattractiveenvironment.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.考察判断推理。文章第二段倒数第一二句Theydonotwantacomeroffice;theywantfreedom.Theywanttohaveplentyofholidaystodotheirownthing提到员工们要的是自由，希望有节假日来做自己的事情。选项B符合题意。

2..考察细节事实。文章第二段提到，未来的公司为了吸引有技能的人前来就业，需要创造出更好的环境。员工最在乎的不是工资而是自己能否有足够的假期来做自己的事情。文章第三段也提到相对自用的工作环境能够让员工对公司更加忠诚（Employeeswhoworkfororganizationsthatgivethemflexibilitydevelopanincrediblesenseofloyalty）。选项C符合题意。

3.考察细节事实。根据文章第二段第一句Thelatestcatchphraseforthisnewapproachis“Balancedemployment,”whichinthefuturewillbecometheyardstickbywhichprospectiveemployeesjudgecompanies可以排除选项C；根据倒数第二句Theydonotwantacomeroffice;theywantfreedom可以排除选项B；根据第二句Smartcompaniesarerightnowcreatinganenvironmentthatwillattracttheskillstheyneed排除选项D。所以选项A符合题意。

4.考察判断推理。题干的意思是“制造商应该把人性设置在工作场所”。文章提到了员工现在更加看中的是freedom而不是把报酬放在第一位，他们希望有自己的时间来做自己的事情，文章最后一段最后一句encouragedemployeestothinkofthemselvesascreativeindividualsintheworkplaceandnotascogsinacorporatemill提到这位博士鼓励员工多去为自己想想而不是成为一个工作的机器，也就是说公司应该把员工放在主要位置。选项D符合题意。

5.考察主旨大意。文章主要讲述了员工对于未来工作环境的要求。他们不再把工资报酬放在第一位，而是要有灵活的工作时间，有假期来做自己的事情，而不再是做一个工作的机器。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Atallchimney.

B.Ahugepieceofrock.

C.Thepeakofamountain.

D.Thestumpofagianttree.

问题2选项

A.Humanactivity.

B.Chemicalprocesses.

C.Windandwater.

D.Fireandfury.

问题3选项

A.Itwasbuiltinancienttimes.

B.Itisahistoricalmonument.

C.Itwascreatedbysupernaturalpowers.

D.ItisIndians’sacredplaceforworship.

问题4选项

A.Bykillingtheattackingbears.

B.Byshelteringtheminacave.

C.Byliftingthemwellabovetheground.

D.Bytakingthemtothetopofamountain.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Devil’sTower,thefirstnationalmonumentinAmerica,couldalmostbemistakenforthestumpofanenormoustree.Itssheerrocksidessweepupfromabroadbaseuntiltheycutoffabruptlyattheflatsummit.Risingmorethan1,000feetinthemiddleofthegentlyrollingplainsofWyoming,themassivecolumnofrock,looksasthoughitwasdroppeddownintothislocationfromadifferenttimeandplace.

Inasense,itwas.Devil’sTowerisarelicofthepastwhenthemeltedrockoftheearth’scoreforceditswaytothesurfacetoformthethroatofavolcano.Asthecenturiespassed,therockcooledandhardened,shrinkingandcrackingintolongcolumns,borninfireandfury.[10]Devil’sTowerwasthenshapedbytheslow,gentleworkofwindandwater.Theouterlayersofthevolcanowerewornawayuntilthehardcorestoodcompletelyexposed.

[11]SmallwonderthatanIndianlegenddescribedDevil’sTowerasbeingformedbysupernaturalpowers.Thelegendsaysthatwhensevengirlswereattackedbybears,theytookrefugeontopofasmallrock,andtheyappealedtotheRockGodforhelp.[12]TheGodcausedtherocktogrowandtoliftthegirlsfarabovetheground,whileitssideswerescoredbytheclawsoftheangrybears.Eventoday,saysthelegend,thegirlscanbeseenabovethetoweringrockassevenshiningstarsinthenightsky.

9.WhatdoesDevil’sTowerlooklike?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问恶魔塔看上去像什么？录音首句就指出，恶魔塔为美国的第一个国家纪念碑。因其独特的外形，差点被人们误认为是一棵巨大无比的树桩。因此D选项“巨大的树桩”正确。A选项“一个高大的烟囱”和C选项“一座山的顶峰”在录音中没有提及；B选项“一块巨大的岩石”，录音有提及恶魔塔实质上是由巨大的岩石构成，但题目问的是恶魔塔看上去像什么，因此B选项不符合题干。

10.Whatcausedthevolcano’souterlayertowearaway?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问是什么导致了火山表面的侵蚀？录音中有提到恶魔塔是如何形成的。它是由岩石冷却、变硬、收缩和断裂而最终形成的。在此漫长过程中，恶魔塔受到风化水蚀。火山表面被侵蚀掉，坚硬的中心岩石完全暴露出来。因此，C选项正确。A选项“人类活动”和B选项“化学过程”在录音中均没有提及；D选项“火的燃烧与灼热”，录音中提到此信息是描述恶魔塔所产生的环境，并不是其外层被侵蚀掉的原因，因此D选项不正确。

11.WhatdoesanIndianlegendsayaboutDevil’sTower?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问关于恶魔塔的印第安传说是怎样的？录音提到，印第安传说中说魔鬼塔是由超自然力量形成的。C选项“它是由超自然力量创造的”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“它是在远古时代建造的”和D选项“它是印第安人敬奉的圣地”在录音中没有信息提及；B选项“它是一个历史纪念碑”，录音中虽有提及恶魔塔是一座国家纪念碑（nationalmonument），但不等同于历史纪念碑（historicalmonument），而且这与题目问的印第安传说没有相关性，因此可排除B选项。

12.HowdidtheRockGodhelpthesevengirlsintheIndianlegend?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问“石神”是如何帮助印第安传说中的七个女孩的？录音最后详细讲述了这个关于恶魔塔的印第安传说：七个印第安女孩遇到熊的攻击。女孩们无处可逃，爬上了小岩石的顶部，向“石神”求助。“石神”让岩石往上“长”起来，熊只能用爪子在岩石上抓出一道道的深痕。因此，C选项“从地面上把她们抬升起来”符合原文表述。A选项“杀死攻击人的熊”；B选项“在山洞里掩护她们”和D选项“将她们带到山顶”在录音中均没有提及。

5.单选题

Althoughhethoughthewashelpingustopreparethedinner,hewasactually（）theway.

问题1选项

A.in

B.after

C.on

D.by

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项intheway“挡道，碍事，妨碍某人”；B选项aftertheway英语里没有这样的短语。C选项ontheway“在途中，在路上，从某种程度上来说”；D选项bytheway“顺便说说，顺便问一下”，句意：他以为他在帮我们准备晚餐，其实根本不是这么回事。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

6.单选题

Mypain（）apparentthemomentIwalkedintotheroom,forthefirstmanImetaskedsympathetically:“Areyoufeelingallright?”

问题1选项

A.mustbe

B.musthavebeen

C.hadbeen

D.hadtobe

【答案】B

【解析】考查情态动词表推测的用法。由原文句意可知，当我进房间的时候，我的痛苦一定很明显，因为第一个看到我的人就同情地问我“你没事吧”。分析句子结构可知，for连接并列句，补充说明前文推测的原因。再通过walked可知，空缺处是对过去的事实进行肯定的推测，因此应选用musthavebeen。故本题正确答案为B选项。

7.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

TherewardofforesightforthisnationisgreatandeasilyforetolD.Buttheremustbethelookahead,theremustbearealizationofthefactthattowaste,todestroy,ournaturalresources,toskinandexhaustthelandinsteadofusingitsoastoincreaseitsusefulness,willresultinundermininginthedaysofourchildrentheveryprosperitywhichweoughtbyrighttohanddowntothemamplifiedanddeveloped.

Optimismisagoodcharacteristic,butifcarriedtoanexcessitbecomesfoolishness.Wearepronetospeakoftheresourcesofthiscountryasinexhaustible;thisisnotso.Themineralwealthofthecountry,thecoal,iron,oil,gas,andthelike,doesnotreproduceitselfandthereforeiscertaintobeexhaustedultimately;andwastefulnessindealingwithittodaymeansthatourdescendantswillfeeltheexhaustionagenerationortwobeforetheyotherwisewould.

【答案】对这个国家来说，远见的回报是巨大的而且很容易预测。但是，我们必须向前看，而且必须认识到一个事实：如果浪费、破坏我们的自然资源，挖掘和消耗我们的土地，而不是增加土地的利用率，那么，这将破坏我们理应传给后代的成熟且发展的繁荣。

乐观主义是一个好的性格特征，但是如果过于乐观就是愚蠢。我们喜欢说我国的资源取之不尽、用之不竭，但是情况并非如此。国家的矿藏如煤、铁、石油、天然气等都不能再生，因此终将枯竭。现在浪费将意味着我们的后代比正常情况提前一或二代就感到资源的枯竭。

8.单选题

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（

）nationalandculturalbarriers.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项transcend“胜过，超越”；B选项traverse“穿过；C选项abolish“废除，取消”；D选项suppress“抑制”。

句意：优秀的电影是那些超越国家和文化障碍的电影。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Idon’tliketheridesinamusementparkbecausetheyhavea______effectonme.

问题1选项

A.viable

B.amiable

C.vertiginous

D.monotonous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项viable表示“可行的，能养活的”，B项amiable表示“和蔼可亲的，亲切的”，C项vertiginous表示“令人眩晕的，眼花的，高而陡峭的”，D项monotonous表示“单调的，无抑扬顿挫的，无变化的”。根据ridesinamusementpark（游乐园里的游乐设施）可知，“令人眩晕的”符合语境。句意：我不喜欢游乐园里的游乐设施，因为它们会让我头晕目眩。因此，该题选择C项正确。

10.单选题

15.

问题1选项

A.Tenyearsago.

B.Fiveyearsago.

C.Fifteenyearsago.

D.Severalweeksago.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Now,I’dliketoaskyouaboutanyillnessesyou’vehadinthepast.Couldyoutellmeaboutthis?

W:Letmethink...IhadmyappendixoutwhenIwas15.AndIhadachestinfectionwhenIwasonholidayintheUSA5yearsago.That’sall.

M:Couldyoutellmeifyou’vehadanyaccidentsorinjuredyourselfatanytime?

W:Wellyes,Islippedontheiceandbrokemyneck10yearsago.ActuallyIwasinhospitalthenforseveralweeks.I’dforgottenthat.

Q:Whendidthewomanhaveabonefracture?

【解析】细节题。女士说：Islippedontheiceandbrokemyneck10yearsago（10年前我在冰上滑倒摔了脖子），故选A。

11.单选题

Thejoysoftravel,havinglong（）thedisabled,areopeninguptovirtuallyanyonewhohasthemeans.

问题1选项

A.omitted

B.threatened

C.worried

D.fascinated

【答案】A

【解析】句意：对于残疾人来说已经久违的旅行的快乐，现在几乎对每个有出行工具的人都敞开了大门。

考查动词辨析。omit省略，遗漏；threat威胁，恐吓；worry担忧；fascinate使着迷。此处用omit表示“对于残疾人来说已经久违的旅行的快乐”。故选A。

12.单选题

Youmusthavewaitedhereforalongtime,（）you?

问题1选项

A.mustn't

B.didn't

C.haven’t

D.hadn't

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你一定在这里等了很长时间了，对吗？

语法题。考查反义疑问句。句中的反意疑问句是对havewaited进行反问，因陈述句部分中有foralongtime,即完成时态，故反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t/hasn’t+主语”。

13.单选题

Ican（）thehousebeinguntidy，butIhateitifit’snotclean.

问题1选项

A.putinfor

B.putupwith

C.putdown

D.putacross

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。putinfor“申请”；putupwith“容忍，忍受”；putdown“记下，放下”；putacross“圆满完成，使被接受”。句意：我可以忍受房子不整洁，但是我讨厌房子不干净。选项B符合题意。

14.单选题

Almostalllibrariesarefindingitincreasinglydifficulttoremainwithintheir（）now.

问题1选项

A.digest

B.budget

C.supplement

D.stocking

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。digest“文摘，摘要”；budget“预算”；supplement“增补品，补品”；stocking“长筒袜”。句意：几乎所有的图书馆现在都发现他们的开支越来越难以保持在预算之内。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Thereturnsintheshort（）maybesmall,butoveranumberofyearstheinvestmentwillbewellrepaid.

问题1选项

A.interval

B.range

C.span

D.term

【答案】D

【解析】intheshortterm为固定搭配,

意为“在短期内”。interval,span也可以表示一段时间,

但不能与intheshort搭配,range表示范围。所以选项D正确。

16.单选题

His（

）thathehadnothingtodowiththeaffairwasgreetedwithsomesuspicion.

问题1选项

A.necessity

B.statement

C.promotion

D.disposal

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。necessity“需要；必然性；必需品”；statement“声明；陈述”；promotion“提升，晋升；推销”；disposal“处理；支配”。句意：他声称自己与此事无关，受到了一些质疑。选项B符合题意。

17.单选题

（

）forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.

问题1选项

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Hadn’titbeen

C.Wasitnot

D.Wereitnot

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。由后面句子可知是对过去的虚拟，因此主句用过去完成时。

当虚拟条件句的谓语部分含有were、should、had时，我们可以将连词if省略掉，而将were、should、had置于句首。haditnotbeenforthefact=ifithadnotbeenforthefact。

句意：要不是她摔断了腿，她或许会通过考试。

18.单选题

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（

）aviolentactpreviouslyseenontelevision.

问题1选项

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.stimulating

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项modify“修改，更改”；B选项duplicate“模仿，复制”；C选项accelerate“加速，增速”；D选项stimulate“刺激”。根据宾语aviolentact（暴力行为）可知B选项符合语境。句意：最近，有报道称，一些儿童模仿了以前在电视上看到的暴力行为。

19.单选题

1.Lovehastoppledkings,inspiredpoets,sparkedwars,soothedbeasts,andchangedthecourseofhistory.Itiscreditedforlife'sgreatestjoys,blamedforthemostcrushingsorrows.Andofcourse,it"makestheworldgoaround."

2.Allofwhichisnosurprisetobiologists.Theyknowthatloveiscentraltohumanexistence.Wearenotjustprogrammedforreproduction.Thecapacityforlovingemotionsisalsowrittenintoourbiochemistry,essentialifchildrenaretogrowandtothrive.Andlove'sabsencecanbedevastating.Thelossofaspouseoftenhastensdeathinolderpeople.

3.Lovebeganwithmotherhood.Formammalianyoungtosurvive,mothersmustinvestconsiderabletimeandenergyinthem.Ofcourse,thevaryinggrowthratesofmammalianspeciesrequiresomemotherstoinvestmoretimeandenergythanothers.Anelephantsealsucklesherpupforonlyafewweeksbeforeabandoningit;otherspecies,includingelephants,someprimates,andespeciallypeople,lavishattentionontheiryoungforyears.

4.Withthehelpofoxytocin(achemicalthatfostersthebondbetweenmothersandchildren),dotingmothersareabletocatertotheiroffspring'severywhimandwhimper.Whenfemalesofmostmammalianspeciesgivebirth,theirbodiesarefloodedwithoxytocin,knownsince1906asahormonethatstimulatesuterinecontractionsandallowthebreaststo"letdown"milk.Butoxytocinalsoactsasaneurotransmitter,orchemicalmessenger,thatcanguidebehavior.Withoutit,aewecannotrecognizeherownlamb.Avirginfemaleratgivenashotofoxytocinwillnuzzleanotherfemale'spups,crouchingoverthemprotectivelyasiftheywereherown.

5.Studiesofasmallrodentknownastheprairievole,acuddlyballoffur,whosematingbondoflifelongmonogamywouldputmosthumancouplestoshame,indicateoxytocinmayalsoplayaroleintheheadyfeelingsassociatedwithromance."Youjustcan'timaginehowmuchtimetheseanimalsspendtogether.Prairievolesalwayswanttobewithsomebody,"saysCarter.Thevoles'undyingdevotionistheworknotonlyofoxytocinbutalsoofarelatedhormone,vasopressin.Whensinglemaleandfemaleprairievolesmeet;theycommenceatwo-day-longboutofsexthatreleasesoxytocininthefemale'sbrain,bondinghertothemale,whoprefershismate'scompanyaboveallothers,guardinghisfamilyagainstintruderswithajealoushusband'szeal.

6.Likesomehumanplayboys,maleprairievolesseemtogetakickoutofcourtshipmixedwithdanger.CarterandcolleagueCourtneyDeVriesmadeyoung,unmatedvolesswimforthreeminutesbeforeallowingthemtomeetaprospectivemate.Theexerciseelevatedtheanimals'stresshormones,whicharealsoheightenedbyfear.Butwhilefemalesscurriedoffaftertheswimwithoutbondingtothemalesastheynormallywould,malevolesbondedfasterthanever.

7.Humanbeings—unlikerodents—arenotentirelyslavestotheirhormones.Butthebehaviorofvolesmayholdcluestowhymenandwomensometimesholddivergentviewsofsexandromance.Whilemanywomenprefercandlelightandsweettalk,menaremoreapttowelcomearollinthehayanytime,anywhere.Forsomemen(andsomewomen),sexisespeciallyenticingwhenforbidden.CarterandDeVriessuspectstresshormonescaninterferewithoxytocin'sactioninthebrain,keepingafemalevolefrombonding,andperhapspreventingmostwomenfromfindingdangersexuallyexciting.Vasopressin,incontrast,appearstoworkbetterinthepresenceofcertainstresshormones,possiblymakingdangeranaphrodisiacformanymales.

8.Passionateorplatonic,loveaffectsthewholebody,settingtheheartpounding,makingthestomachdoflip-flops,andofcourse,lightingthelionsonfire.Thesevisceralsensationsaretheworkofthevagusnerve,whichtracesameanderingpaththroughthebody,coordinatingtheactivitiesofinternalorgans,saystheUniversityofMaryland'sStephenPorges.Thevagusferriessignalsbetweenourinnardsandourbrains,conveyinginformationupwardaboutourinternalstateandsendingordersdownfromthebraintotheheart,thestomach,thelungs,andthesexorgans.

9.Withoutthevagus,saysPorges,lovewouldbeimpossible.Onepartofthenerveisevolutionarilyancient,controllingprimitivefunctionssuchassex,hunger,andfear.This"old"vagusrespondstooxytocinandservesasthepathwaybetweensexualorgansandthebrainforfeelingsofbotharousalandsatiationaftersex.ButPorgesarguesthatinmammals,newerbranchesofthevagusalsoconnectemotionalbraincenterswiththeheart,theface,andthevocalequipment,helpingtocoordinatefeelingswithfacialandverbalexpression.

10.Inotherwords,thepoetsandbardswerefightaboutonething.Theheartspeaksthelanguageoflove.AsEnglishpoetW.H.Audenwrote:"Whereloveisstrengthened,hoperestored,inheartsbychemicalaccord.Itmaynotliterallyskipabeatatthesightofone'sdesireorbreakwithsorrow,buttheheart'srhythmsareexquisitelytunedtolove."

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfrompassageaboutelephantseals?

2.Thedifferentloveritualsemployedbymenandwomencouldbeattributedtothepresenceofwhichofthefollowing?

3.WhichofthefollowingcouldbethebestanalogytothevagusnervedescribedinParagraph8?

4.Animalsequippedonlywith"old"vaguscanNOTdowhichofthefollowing?

5.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.Thefemalesareirresponsiblemothers.

B.Theiryoungtakelesstimetogrowupthanyoungelephants.

C.Theyhaveashorterlifespanthanelephants.

D.Theyreproducemorerapidlythanelephant.

问题2选项

A.Oxytocin.

B.Vasopressin.

C.Interactionofoxytocinandvasepressin.

D.Stresshormones.

问题3选项

A.Ahighwaybetweentwocites.

B.Airrouteslinkingmajorcitiesaroundtheworld.

C.TheWorldWideWeb.

D.CircuitslinkingtheCPUandtheaccessoriesinthecomputer.

问题4选项

A.Feelhungry.

B.Experiencefear.

C.Feelsexualarousal.

D.Faciallyexpressemotions.

问题5选项

A.indicatethatpoetsandbardsaremostcapableofexpressinglove

B.implythatloveisexpressedthroughtheheartratherthroughthefaceorthevoice

C.givesupporttothestatementthatnewerbranchesofvagusconnecttheemotionalbraincenterstotheheart,thefaceandthevocalequipment

D.drawaconclusionbasedonthefactsinthepreviousparagraph

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干中的elephantseals可定位到文章第三段中，由Anelephantsealsucklesherpupforonlyafewweeksbeforeabandoningit;otherspecies,includingelephants,someprimates,andespeciallypeople,lavishattentionontheiryoungforyears.（一只海象在抛弃它的幼仔之前只给它喂奶了几个星期；其他物种，包括大象、一些灵长类动物，特别是人类，多年来一直在关注他们的幼仔）可知B选项“海象的幼仔比小象花更少的时间长大”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第七段中的CarterandDeVriessuspectstresshormonescaninterferewithoxytocin'sactioninthebrain,keepingafemalevolefrombonding,andperhapspreventingmostwomenfromfindingdangersexuallyexciting.Vasopressin,incontrast,appearstoworkbetterinthepresenceofcertainstresshormones,possiblymakingdangeranaphrodisiacformanymales.（Carter和DeVries怀疑压力荷尔蒙会干扰大脑中的后叶催产素，阻止雌性田鼠与雄性结合，可能同样导致大多数女性认为危险并不具有性吸引力。相反，后叶加压素与压力荷尔蒙则产生不同的效果，可能促使多数男性认为危险具有性吸引力）可知压力荷尔蒙与不同的激素结合，在男性和女性身上会产生不同的效果，因此选D。

3.细节事实题。题干：以下哪项可能是第8段所述迷走神经的最佳类比？

由文章第八段中的Thevagusferriessignalsbetweenourinnardsandourbrains,conveyinginformationupwardaboutourinternalstateandsendingordersdownfromthebraintotheheart,thestomach,thelungs,andthesexorgans.（迷走神经在内脏和大脑之间传递信号，将身体内部状态向上传递给大脑，再将大脑指令传递给心脏、胃、肺以及性器官）可知D选项“连接CPU和计算机附件的电路”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章第九段中的Onepartofthenerveisevolutionarilyancient,controllingprimitivefunctionssuchassex,hunger,andfear.（迷走神经的一部分从人类进化初期就出现，控制着性、饥饿和恐惧等原始功能）可知迷走神经不包括面部表情，因此选D。

5.主旨大意题。由文章最后一段第一句Inotherwords（换句话说）可知本段是对上一段的内容进行补充说明，由第九段最后一句ButPorgesarguesthatinmammals,newerbranchesofthevagusalsoconnectemotionalbraincenterswiththeheart,theface,andthevocalequipment,helpingtocoordinatefeelingswithfacialandverbalexpression.（但Porges认为，在哺乳动物中，迷走神经的新分支也连接大脑情感中心与心脏、脸部、发声器官、帮助协调感觉与面部和语言表达）可知C选项“支持一种说法，即迷走神经的新分支将大脑情感中心与心脏、面部和发声器官连接起来”符合题意。

20.单选题

Inthe______areasoftherailroadterminal,thousandsoftravelerslingeredwhilewaitingfortheirtrain.

问题1选项

A.circuitous

B.baleful

C.auxiliary

D.capacious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项circuitous表示“迂曲的，绕行的”，B项baleful表示“恶意的，有害的”，C项auxiliary表示“辅助的，副的，附加的”，D项capacious表示“宽敞的，广阔的”。根据railroadterminal（铁路终点站）和thousandsoftravelers（成千上万的旅客）可知，______areas表示“宽敞的地方”。句意：在铁路终点站广阔的区域里，成千上万的旅客逗留在那等待火车。因此，该题选择D项正确。

21.单选题

Readinginvolveslookingatgraphicsymbolsandformulatingmentallythesoundsandideastheyrepresent.Conceptsofreadinghavechanged（1）overthecenturies.Duringthe1950’sand1960’sespecially,increasedattentionhasbeendevotedto（2）thereadingprocess.（3）specialistsagreethatreading（4）acomplexorganizationofhighermental（5）,theydisagree（6）theexactnatureoftheprocess.Someexperts,whoregardlanguageprimarilyasacodeusingsymbolstorepresentsounds,（7）readingassimplythedecodingofsymbolsintothesoundstheystand（8）.

Theseauthorities（9）thatmeaning,beingconcernedwiththinking,mustbetaughtindependentlyofthedecodingprocess.Othersmaintainthatreadingisinexplicablyrelatedtothinking,andthatachildwhopronouncessoundswithout（10）theirmeaningisnottrulyreading.

Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nottomentionnewspapersandmagazine:anever-endingfloodofwords.In（11）ajoboradvancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend（12）canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare（13）readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading（14）atanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency（15）intheactualstuffoflanguageitself—words.Takenindividually,wordshave（16）meaninguntiltheyarestrungtogatherintophrases,sentencesandparagraphs.（17）,however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingto（18）wordsorpassages.Regression,thetendencytolookbackover（19）youhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhich（20）downthespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyas（21）reads.

Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsuseadevicecalledan（22）,whichmovesabar(orcurtain)downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterrate（23）thereaderfindscomfortable,inorderto“stretch”him.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,（24）word-by-wordreading,regressionandsubvocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfirst（25）issacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,（26）yourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefound（27）readingskilldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining.（28）CharlceAu,abusinessmanager,forinstance,hisreadingratewasareasonablygood172wordsaminute（29）thetraining,nowitisanexcellent1,378wordsaminute.Heisdelightedthathowhecan（30）alotmorereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.

问题1选项

A.substantively

B.substantially

C.substitutively

D.subjectively

问题2选项

A.defineanddescribe

B.definitionanddescription

C.defininganddescribing

D.havedefinedanddescribed

问题3选项

A.Although

B.If

C.Unless

D.Until

问题4选项

A.involves

B.involvesto

C.isinvolved

D.involvesof

问题5选项

A.opinions

B.effects

C.manners

D.functions

问题6选项

A.of

B.about

C.for

D.into

问题7选项

A.view

B.look

C.reassure

D.agree

问题8选项

A.by

B.to

C.off

D.for

问题9选项

A.content

B.contend

C.contempt

D.contact

问题10选项

A.interpreting

B.saying

C.explaining

D.reading

问题11选项

A.applying

B.acting

C.offering

D.getting

问题12选项

A.quickly

B.easily

C.roughly

D.decidedly

问题13选项

A.good

B.curious

C.poor

D.urgent

问题14选项

A.training

B.habits

C.situations

D.custom

问题15选项

A.lies

B.combines

C.touches

D.involves

问题16选项

A.some

B.alot

C.little

D.dull

问题17选项

A.Fortunately

B.Besides

C.Logically

D.Unfortunately

问题18选项

A.reuse

B.reread

C.rewrite

D.recite

问题19选项

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.if

问题20选项

A.scales

B.cuts

C.slows

D.measures

问题21选项

A.someone

B.one

C.he

D.reader

问题22选项

A.accelerator

B.actor

C.amplifier

D.observer

问题23选项

A.then

B.as

C.beyond

D.than

问题24选项

A.enabling

B.leading

C.making

D.indicating

问题25选项

A.meaning

B.comprehension

C.gist

D.regression

问题26选项

A.but

B.nor

C.or

D.for

问题27选项

A.our

B.your

C.their

D.such

问题28选项

A.Lookat

B.Take

C.Make

D.Consider

问题29选项

A.for

B.in

C.after

D.before

问题30选项

A.master

B.goover

C.present

D.getthrough

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:B

第7题:A

第8题:D

第9题:B